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<mods:title id="7A39957EB47D8A6E26404172299D09C7">A study of the genus Fagineura (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Nematinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="B0EAF63ACDFC9EBDAD689B32008D7C0A">Nishi 4 Kita 3 4 - 29, Bibai, Hokkaido, 072 - 0033 Japan. harahideho @ bell. ocn. ne. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5834 - 9158 Wami 1355 - 13, Nakagawa, Tochigi, 324 - 0612 Japan. banbi-fa @ ktd. biglobe. ne. jp</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00CFF8FFF6A2F9EFE13FD80" authority="Hara" authorityName="Hara" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,458,510,537]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Fagineura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="togashii" status="nom. nov.">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00CFF8FFF6A2F9EFEA6FD80" bold="true" box="[151,383,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Fagineura togashii</emphasis>
Hara
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(
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFF622C42FEC6FDA4" box="[159,287,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1741,1765]" captionTargetBox="[158,1435,189,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[151,1435,181,1717]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Fagineura parva (A–C, female, holotype; D–F, male) and F. togashii (G–J, female; K–N, male). A, D, G, K, Head, frontal view; B, E, H, L, dorsal view; C, F, I, M, ventrolateral or lateral view; J, N, ventral view. G–N, Photographed just after killing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367259/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Figs 2G–N</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFED72C42FEABFDA4" box="[298,370,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-210@12.[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Fagineura togashii (A, remains of eggs; B–D, early instar larvae; E, late instar larva; F, G, final instar larvae; H–K, mature final instar larvae). A–H, Nakagawa; A, 3 May 2019; B, C, E, 5 May 2019; D, 6 May 2019; F, G, 10 May 2019; H, 12 May 2019. I, Mouth part, anterior view; J, antenna; K, abdominal tergum 10, dorsal view. A–H, Photographed by S. Ibuki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367267/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">3A–K</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFE802C42FE26FDA4" box="[381,511,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-91@19.[151,1436,381,1866]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 6. Head: Fagineura crenativora (A, B, M, O, P, female; A, M, holotype; C, male), F. parva (D, Q, female, holotype; E, male), F. togashii (F, N, R, female; G, male), F. fulvistriata (H, female, holotype), F. flavomaculata (I, female, holotype), F. quercivora (J, K, S, female; J, S, holotype) and F. glabella (L, female, holotype). A–L, Dorsal view; M, N, lateral view; O, anteromedial part, anterolateral view; P–S, anterodorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367275" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367275/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">6F, G, N, R</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFDF62C42FD7FFDA4" box="[523,678,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1845,1869]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,189,1821]" captionTargetId="figure-26@20.[151,1436,189,1821]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 7. Mandible: Fagineura crenativora (A, B, D, J, P, Q, female; A, holotype), F. parva (E, K, female, holotype), F. togashii (C, F, L, R, S, female), F. flavomaculata (G, M, female, holotype), F. quercivora (H, N, female, holotype) and F. glabella (I, O, female, holotype). A, Ventral view; B, C, anterior view (C, max. h. = maximum height); D–I, left mandible, outer view, left anterior; J–O, right mandible, outer view, left posterior; P, R, anterior view; Q, S, posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367277" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367277/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">7C, F, L, R, S</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFD4F2C42FCD3FDA4" box="[690,778,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1580,1604]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-19@21.[151,1436,166,1564]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 8. Thorax, claw and anteromiddle part of fore wing: Fagineura crenativora (A, G, O, W, X, female; O, W, holotype), F. parva (H, male; P, female, holotype), F. togashii (F, I, Q, female), F. fulvistriata (J, R, Y, female; J, R, holotype), F. flavomaculata (B, K, S, female, holotype), F. quercivora (C, D, L, M, T, U, female; C, L, T, holotype) and F. glabella (E, N, V, female, holotype).A–E, Mesoscutum, dorsolateral view; F, anterodorsal part of mesepisternum, anteroventral view; G–N, dorsal part of mesepisternum, anterolateral view; O–V, claw, anterior or posterior view; W–Y, anteromiddle part of fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367281/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">8F, I, Q</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFCE82C42FC82FDA4" box="[789,859,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1554,1578]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,561,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-204@22.[151,1437,561,1531]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 9. Apex of female abdomen: Fagineura crenativora (A, I), F. parva (B, J, holotype), F. togashii (C, K), F. fulvistriata (D, L; D, holotype), F. flavomaculata (E, M; E, holotype), F. quercivora (F, G, N, O; F, N, holotype) and F. glabella (H, P, holotype). A–H, Dorsal view; I–P, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367285" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367285/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">9C, K</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFC9B2C42FC6EFDA4" box="[870,951,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,957,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-374@23.[151,1436,957,1917]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ovipositor or lance, lateral view: Fagineura crenativora (A, B), F. parva (C, holotype), F. togashii (D, E), F. fulvistriata (F), F. flavomaculata (G, holotype), F. quercivora (H, I; H, holotype) and F. glabella (J, holotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367287/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">10D, E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFC392C42FBCEFDA4" box="[964,1047,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-19@25.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Lancet: Fagineura togashii (A, B), F. fulvistriata (C, holotype) and F. flavomaculata (D, E; D, holotype). A, B, C, Reversed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367293/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">12A, B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFBDF2C42FB1AFDA4" box="[1058,1219,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1845]" captionTargetId="figure-19@27.[151,1436,181,1845]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 14. Apex of male abdomen and genitalia: Fagineura crenativora (A, D–F, K, L), F. parva (B, G, H, M, N) and F. togashii (C, I, J, O, P). A–C, Apex of abdomen, dorsal view; D, G, I, genitalia, dorsal view; E, F, H, J, genitalia, ventral view (E, H, J, penis valve removed); K–P, penis valve, left dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367297/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">14C, I, J, O, P</figureCitation>
)
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<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00CFF8FFF6A2C09FEAEFDE6" box="[151,375,616,639]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Fagineura quercivora</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00CFF8FFE832C06FD9FFDE6" author="Togashi, I." box="[382,582,615,639]" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" pagination="169 - 173" refId="ref22763" refString="Togashi, I. (2006) A new sawfly, Fagineura quercivora (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) feeding on Quercus serrata and Q. mongolica crispula in Honshu, Japan. Proceedings of the entomological Society of Washington, 108 (1), 169 - 173." type="journal article" year="2006">Togashi, 2006: 169</bibRefCitation>
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Taeger 
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2010: 405
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<treatmentCitation id="6C48885EC00CFF8FFCB12C06FB8EFDE6" author="Tazunoki, Y. &amp; Fujita, S. &amp; Hara, H. &amp; Adachi, S. &amp; Kuchiki, F. &amp; Tokuda, M." box="[844,1111,615,639]" page="142" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" year="2018">
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Tazunoki 
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2018: 142
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<treatmentCitation id="6C48885EC00CFF8FFB9F2C09FB2EFDE6" author="Hara, H." box="[1122,1271,615,639]" page="77" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" year="2019">
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00CFF8FFB9F2C09FB2EFDE6" author="Hara, H." box="[1122,1271,615,639]" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref21558" refString="Hara, H. (2019) Subfamily Nematinae. In: Editorial Committee of Catalogue of the Insects of Japan (Ed.), Catalogue of the Insects of Japan. Vol. 9. Hymenoptera. Part 1. Symphyta. Entomological Society of Japan, Kyoto, pp. 69 - 87. [in Japanese]" type="book chapter" year="2019">Hara 2019: 77</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="6C48885EC00CFF8FFAFE2C09FA40FDE6" author="Hara, H." box="[1283,1433,615,639]" page="82" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" year="2020">
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; 
<treatmentCitation id="6C48885EC00CFF8FFE2D2CE7FD7AFD07" author="Liu, M. &amp; Li, Z. &amp; Wei, M." box="[464,675,646,670]" page="130" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" year="2021">
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00CFF8FFE2D2CE7FD7AFD07" author="Liu, M. &amp; Li, Z. &amp; Wei, M." box="[464,675,646,670]" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" pagination="125 - 137" refId="ref21924" refString="Liu, M., Li, Z. &amp; Wei, M. (2021) A key to all species of Fagineura Vikberg &amp; Zinovjev (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) worldwide with the descriptions of two new Chinese species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 83, 125 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / jhr. 83.64380" type="journal article" year="2021">
Liu 
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00CFF8FFE062CE6FDF3FD07" box="[507,554,646,670]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">et al</emphasis>
. 2021: 130
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Junior secondary homonym of 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00CFF8FFC0C2CE7FAA4FD07" authority="(Togashi, 1997)" authorityName="Hara &amp; Ibuki" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Togashi" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[1009,1405,646,670]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Fagineura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercivora">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00CFF8FFC0C2CE7FB0AFD04" box="[1009,1235,646,669]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Fagineura quercivora</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00CFF8FFB1F2CE7FAAFFD07" author="Togashi, I." box="[1250,1398,646,670]" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" pagination="195 - 198" refId="ref22718" refString="Togashi, I. (1997) A new species of Dineura Dahlbom (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) feeding on Quercus dentata Thunberg (Dicotyledoneae: Fagaceae) from Japan. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 65 (1), 195 - 198." type="journal article" year="1997">Togashi, 1997</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00CFF8FFF3A2CC4FDF2FD24" authority="Togashi, 1997" authorityName="Togashi" authorityYear="1997" box="[199,555,676,701]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Dineura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercivora">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00CFF8FFF3A2CC4FE49FD25" box="[199,400,677,700]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Dineura quercivora</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00CFF8FFE6B2CC5FDF2FD24" author="Togashi, I." box="[406,555,676,701]" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" pagination="195 - 198" refId="ref22718" refString="Togashi, I. (1997) A new species of Dineura Dahlbom (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) feeding on Quercus dentata Thunberg (Dicotyledoneae: Fagaceae) from Japan. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 65 (1), 195 - 198." type="journal article" year="1997">Togashi, 1997</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED56AE4FC00CFF8FFF6A2C8BFD70FBF4" blockId="11.[151,1437,746,2033]" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00CFF8FFF6A2C8BFDA4FC9C" bold="true" box="[151,637,746,773]" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Additional description: female and male</emphasis>
. Female 
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFD1B2C8AFC85FC9C" box="[742,860,747,773]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1741,1765]" captionTargetBox="[158,1435,189,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[151,1435,181,1717]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Fagineura parva (A–C, female, holotype; D–F, male) and F. togashii (G–J, female; K–N, male). A, D, G, K, Head, frontal view; B, E, H, L, dorsal view; C, F, I, M, ventrolateral or lateral view; J, N, ventral view. G–N, Photographed just after killing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367259/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Figs 2G–J</figureCitation>
. Male 
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFC572C8AFBF3FC9C" box="[938,1066,747,773]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1741,1765]" captionTargetBox="[158,1435,189,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[151,1435,181,1717]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Fagineura parva (A–C, female, holotype; D–F, male) and F. togashii (G–J, female; K–N, male). A, D, G, K, Head, frontal view; B, E, H, L, dorsal view; C, F, I, M, ventrolateral or lateral view; J, N, ventral view. G–N, Photographed just after killing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367259/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Figs 2K–N</figureCitation>
. Length 7.0– 
<quantity id="2A1103AAC00CFF8FFB3D2C8BFAFDFC9C" box="[1216,1316,746,773]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" unit="mm" value="10.5">10.5 mm</quantity>
in female, 6.0–7.0 mm in male. Head in dorsal view with length behind eye 0.3–0.5 × eye length in female, 0.3–0.4 × in male (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFF622D52FEC5FCD4" box="[159,284,819,845]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-91@19.[151,1436,381,1866]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 6. Head: Fagineura crenativora (A, B, M, O, P, female; A, M, holotype; C, male), F. parva (D, Q, female, holotype; E, male), F. togashii (F, N, R, female; G, male), F. fulvistriata (H, female, holotype), F. flavomaculata (I, female, holotype), F. quercivora (J, K, S, female; J, S, holotype) and F. glabella (L, female, holotype). A–L, Dorsal view; M, N, lateral view; O, anteromedial part, anterolateral view; P–S, anterodorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367275" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367275/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Figs 6F, G</figureCitation>
); length behind lateral ocellus 2.6–3.5 × length of lateral ocellus in female, 1.9–2.2 × in male. OOL: POL:OOCL 0.8–1.0:1.0: 
<quantity id="2A1103AAC00CFF8FFE522D36FDFCFCE8" box="[431,549,855,881]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.921" metricValueMax="3.048" metricValueMin="2.794" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" unit="in" value="1.15" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.2 in</quantity>
female, 0.8–0.9:1.0: 
<quantity id="2A1103AAC00CFF8FFCED2D36FC51FCE8" box="[784,904,855,881]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.667" metricValueMax="3.048" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" unit="in" value="1.05" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.2 in</quantity>
male. Frontal area with lateral ridge low and anterior ridge well developed (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFE0D2D1AFD90FC0F" box="[496,585,891,918]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-91@19.[151,1436,381,1866]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 6. Head: Fagineura crenativora (A, B, M, O, P, female; A, M, holotype; C, male), F. parva (D, Q, female, holotype; E, male), F. togashii (F, N, R, female; G, male), F. fulvistriata (H, female, holotype), F. flavomaculata (I, female, holotype), F. quercivora (J, K, S, female; J, S, holotype) and F. glabella (L, female, holotype). A–L, Dorsal view; M, N, lateral view; O, anteromedial part, anterolateral view; P–S, anterodorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367275" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367275/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Fig. 6R</figureCitation>
); frontal field with long lateral convexity. Distance between eyes at anterior tentorial pit 1.1–1.2 × major axis of eye in female, 1.0–1.1 × in male (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFC562DFEFBF4FC20" box="[939,1069,927,953]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1741,1765]" captionTargetBox="[158,1435,189,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[151,1435,181,1717]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Fagineura parva (A–C, female, holotype; D–F, male) and F. togashii (G–J, female; K–N, male). A, D, G, K, Head, frontal view; B, E, H, L, dorsal view; C, F, I, M, ventrolateral or lateral view; J, N, ventral view. G–N, Photographed just after killing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367259/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Figs 2G, K</figureCitation>
). Inner edges of eyes nearly parallel. Malar space 0.2–0.3 × as long as median ocellus width. Antenna 2.3–2.4 × as long as head width in female, 2.7–2.8 × in male (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFE962D86FE30FB98" box="[363,489,999,1025]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1741,1765]" captionTargetBox="[158,1435,189,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[151,1435,181,1717]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Fagineura parva (A–C, female, holotype; D–F, male) and F. togashii (G–J, female; K–N, male). A, D, G, K, Head, frontal view; B, E, H, L, dorsal view; C, F, I, M, ventrolateral or lateral view; J, N, ventral view. G–N, Photographed just after killing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367259/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Figs 2H, L</figureCitation>
); flagellum tapered; flagellomere 1 0.6–0.7 × as long as major axis of eye in female, 0.7–0.8 × in male; flagellomere 2 1.1–1.2 × as long as flagellomere 
<quantity id="2A1103AAC00CFF8FFC7F2A6AFC75FBBC" box="[898,940,1035,1061]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
both sexes. Mesepisternum barely expanded beside postspiracular sclerite (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFE162A4EFDE0FBD0" box="[491,569,1071,1097]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1580,1604]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-19@21.[151,1436,166,1564]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 8. Thorax, claw and anteromiddle part of fore wing: Fagineura crenativora (A, G, O, W, X, female; O, W, holotype), F. parva (H, male; P, female, holotype), F. togashii (F, I, Q, female), F. fulvistriata (J, R, Y, female; J, R, holotype), F. flavomaculata (B, K, S, female, holotype), F. quercivora (C, D, L, M, T, U, female; C, L, T, holotype) and F. glabella (E, N, V, female, holotype).A–E, Mesoscutum, dorsolateral view; F, anterodorsal part of mesepisternum, anteroventral view; G–N, dorsal part of mesepisternum, anterolateral view; O–V, claw, anterior or posterior view; W–Y, anteromiddle part of fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367281/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Fig. 8I</figureCitation>
). Hind tibia with posterior spur 1.0–1.2 × as long as apical breadth of tibia in lateral view. Fore wing without crossvein 2r-rs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5F3FDC4C00CFF88FF3A2A16FC61FED8" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="235" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" type="description">
<paragraph id="ED56AE4FC00CFF8FFF3A2A16FC45FAF0" blockId="11.[151,1437,746,2033]" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">
Female abdomen: valvula 
<quantity id="2A1103AAC00CFF8FFE0B2A16FDFDFB08" box="[502,548,1143,1169]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
dorsal view about twice as wide as cercus, not or very slightly concave near pointed apex (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFEC92AFAFE52FB2C" box="[308,395,1179,1205]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1554,1578]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,561,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-204@22.[151,1437,561,1531]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 9. Apex of female abdomen: Fagineura crenativora (A, I), F. parva (B, J, holotype), F. togashii (C, K), F. fulvistriata (D, L; D, holotype), F. flavomaculata (E, M; E, holotype), F. quercivora (F, G, N, O; F, N, holotype) and F. glabella (H, P, holotype). A–H, Dorsal view; I–P, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367285" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367285/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
), in lateral view rounded apically, straight or very slightly rounded on dorsal edge and slightly rounded on ventral edge (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFE452ADEFDCAFB40" box="[440,531,1215,1241]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1554,1578]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,561,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-204@22.[151,1437,561,1531]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 9. Apex of female abdomen: Fagineura crenativora (A, I), F. parva (B, J, holotype), F. togashii (C, K), F. fulvistriata (D, L; D, holotype), F. flavomaculata (E, M; E, holotype), F. quercivora (F, G, N, O; F, N, holotype) and F. glabella (H, P, holotype). A–H, Dorsal view; I–P, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367285" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367285/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Fig. 9K</figureCitation>
). Lance with dorsal edge gently rounded (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFC132ADEFBA5FB40" box="[1006,1148,1215,1241]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,957,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-374@23.[151,1436,957,1917]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ovipositor or lance, lateral view: Fagineura crenativora (A, B), F. parva (C, holotype), F. togashii (D, E), F. fulvistriata (F), F. flavomaculata (G, holotype), F. quercivora (H, I; H, holotype) and F. glabella (J, holotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367287/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Figs 10D, E</figureCitation>
). Lancet with radix about 0.7 × as long as lamnium (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFE432A82FD90FB64" box="[446,585,1251,1277]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-19@25.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Lancet: Fagineura togashii (A, B), F. fulvistriata (C, holotype) and F. flavomaculata (D, E; D, holotype). A, B, C, Reversed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367293/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Figs 12A, B</figureCitation>
); lamnium with 19–20 annuli; basal annuli slightly sinuous; middle and apical annuli straight and oblique; annulus 1 and some apical annuli without ctenidium; ctenidia widely separated from each other, each consisting of some irregular transverse rows of setae; basal and middle ctenidia slightly expanded dorsally; basal serrulae with anterior slope as long as posterior slope.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED56AE4FC00CFF8FFF3A2B12FE93F984" blockId="11.[151,1437,746,2033]" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">
Male abdomen: subgenital plate in ventral view apically rounded or angulated. Genitalia in dorsal and ventral views 
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFEF32BF6FE51FA28" box="[270,392,1431,1457]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1845]" captionTargetId="figure-19@27.[151,1436,181,1845]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 14. Apex of male abdomen and genitalia: Fagineura crenativora (A, D–F, K, L), F. parva (B, G, H, M, N) and F. togashii (C, I, J, O, P). A–C, Apex of abdomen, dorsal view; D, G, I, genitalia, dorsal view; E, F, H, J, genitalia, ventral view (E, H, J, penis valve removed); K–P, penis valve, left dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367297/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Figs 14I, J</figureCitation>
; parapennis pointed apically, roundly concave on medial edge; harpe about as long as wide, with medial edge distinctly convex at basal third, lateral edge gently rounded, and apex rounded. Penis valve with paravalva swollen with many distinct spinules (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFD4B2BBEFC9AFA60" box="[694,835,1503,1529]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1845]" captionTargetId="figure-19@27.[151,1436,181,1845]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 14. Apex of male abdomen and genitalia: Fagineura crenativora (A, D–F, K, L), F. parva (B, G, H, M, N) and F. togashii (C, I, J, O, P). A–C, Apex of abdomen, dorsal view; D, G, I, genitalia, dorsal view; E, F, H, J, genitalia, ventral view (E, H, J, penis valve removed); K–P, penis valve, left dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367297/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Figs 14O, P</figureCitation>
); valvispina located near apex of paravalva, directed posterodorsally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED56AE4FC00CFF8FFF3A2846FBFEF948" blockId="11.[151,1437,746,2033]" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">
Head and thorax with punctures minute; interspaces between punctures generally smooth. Mesoscutum mostly covered with setiferous punctures; posterolateral hollow with rugose and granular microsculpture. Mesopostnotum with rugose and granular microsculpture, medially smooth. Metapostnotum mostly smooth. Postspiracular sclerite with many setae. Mesepisternum not glabrous beside postspiracular sclerite (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFC0928F2FB9BF934" box="[1012,1090,1683,1709]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1580,1604]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-19@21.[151,1436,166,1564]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 8. Thorax, claw and anteromiddle part of fore wing: Fagineura crenativora (A, G, O, W, X, female; O, W, holotype), F. parva (H, male; P, female, holotype), F. togashii (F, I, Q, female), F. fulvistriata (J, R, Y, female; J, R, holotype), F. flavomaculata (B, K, S, female, holotype), F. quercivora (C, D, L, M, T, U, female; C, L, T, holotype) and F. glabella (E, N, V, female, holotype).A–E, Mesoscutum, dorsolateral view; F, anterodorsal part of mesepisternum, anteroventral view; G–N, dorsal part of mesepisternum, anterolateral view; O–V, claw, anterior or posterior view; W–Y, anteromiddle part of fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367281/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Fig. 8I</figureCitation>
). Katepimeron widely covered with setae. Abdomen microsculptured imbricately, with punctures inconspicuous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED56AE4FC00CFF88FF3A28BAFC61FED8" blockId="11.[151,1437,746,2033]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,537]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="235" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00CFF8FFF3A28BAFE56F96C" bold="true" box="[199,399,1755,1781]" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Immature stages</emphasis>
. Early instar larva: head and thoracic legs black (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFC4828BAFBD6F96C" box="[949,1039,1755,1781]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-210@12.[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Fagineura togashii (A, remains of eggs; B–D, early instar larvae; E, late instar larva; F, G, final instar larvae; H–K, mature final instar larvae). A–H, Nakagawa; A, 3 May 2019; B, C, E, 5 May 2019; D, 6 May 2019; F, G, 10 May 2019; H, 12 May 2019. I, Mouth part, anterior view; J, antenna; K, abdominal tergum 10, dorsal view. A–H, Photographed by S. Ibuki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367267/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
); trunk pale greenish yellow, sometimes with inconspicuous dark broken supraspiracular and pleural stripes; setae short. Middle and late instar larvae: head and thoracic legs black (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFE0C2942FD93F8A4" box="[497,586,1827,1853]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-210@12.[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Fagineura togashii (A, remains of eggs; B–D, early instar larvae; E, late instar larva; F, G, final instar larvae; H–K, mature final instar larvae). A–H, Nakagawa; A, 3 May 2019; B, C, E, 5 May 2019; D, 6 May 2019; F, G, 10 May 2019; H, 12 May 2019. I, Mouth part, anterior view; J, antenna; K, abdominal tergum 10, dorsal view. A–H, Photographed by S. Ibuki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367267/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
); trunk yellow, with black supraspiracular stripe and black broken pleural stripe; setae short. Final instar larvae: 
<quantity id="2A1103AAC00CFF8FFDC22926FD6EF8F8" box="[575,695,1863,1889]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="234" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="13.0">13–18 mm</quantity>
long; color as in middle instar, but thoracic legs pale yellow, trunk pale grey below supraspiracular stripe and abdominal tergum 10 mostly black (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFBE4290AFB4CF81C" box="[1049,1173,1899,1925]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-210@12.[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Fagineura togashii (A, remains of eggs; B–D, early instar larvae; E, late instar larva; F, G, final instar larvae; H–K, mature final instar larvae). A–H, Nakagawa; A, 3 May 2019; B, C, E, 5 May 2019; D, 6 May 2019; F, G, 10 May 2019; H, 12 May 2019. I, Mouth part, anterior view; J, antenna; K, abdominal tergum 10, dorsal view. A–H, Photographed by S. Ibuki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367267/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Figs 3F, G</figureCitation>
); supraspiracular stripe often broken on abdominal segment 9; setae inconspicuous; when mature, trunk uniformly bright yellow above supraspiracular stripe and on thoracic segment 1, pale yellow ventrally (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00CFF8FFC4329D2FBC1F854" box="[958,1048,1971,1997]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-210@12.[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Fagineura togashii (A, remains of eggs; B–D, early instar larvae; E, late instar larva; F, G, final instar larvae; H–K, mature final instar larvae). A–H, Nakagawa; A, 3 May 2019; B, C, E, 5 May 2019; D, 6 May 2019; F, G, 10 May 2019; H, 12 May 2019. I, Mouth part, anterior view; J, antenna; K, abdominal tergum 10, dorsal view. A–H, Photographed by S. Ibuki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367267/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="234">Fig. 3H</figureCitation>
); clypeus laterally with one or two setae on each side; mandible with one or two setae; labrum medially notched on ventral margin, with median and submedian grooves (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00BFF88FE7D2EF6FE15FF28" box="[384,460,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-210@12.[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Fagineura togashii (A, remains of eggs; B–D, early instar larvae; E, late instar larva; F, G, final instar larvae; H–K, mature final instar larvae). A–H, Nakagawa; A, 3 May 2019; B, C, E, 5 May 2019; D, 6 May 2019; F, G, 10 May 2019; H, 12 May 2019. I, Mouth part, anterior view; J, antenna; K, abdominal tergum 10, dorsal view. A–H, Photographed by S. Ibuki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367267/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">Fig. 3I</figureCitation>
) and one or two setae on both sides; antenna conical with four antennomeres (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00BFF88FAC32EF6FA57FF28" box="[1342,1422,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-210@12.[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Fagineura togashii (A, remains of eggs; B–D, early instar larvae; E, late instar larva; F, G, final instar larvae; H–K, mature final instar larvae). A–H, Nakagawa; A, 3 May 2019; B, C, E, 5 May 2019; D, 6 May 2019; F, G, 10 May 2019; H, 12 May 2019. I, Mouth part, anterior view; J, antenna; K, abdominal tergum 10, dorsal view. A–H, Photographed by S. Ibuki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367267/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">Fig. 3J</figureCitation>
); palpifer with two setae; stipes with two or three setae; abdominal segments 2–7 and 10 each with proleg; abdominal segments 3–8 each dorsally with six annulets; in abdominal segment 3, annulets 1, 2 and 4 each sometimes with one seta, annulet 4 always with one wart; abdominal tergum 10 without caudal protuberance, apically truncate in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00BFF88FF202F46FEEEFED8" box="[221,311,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-210@12.[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Fagineura togashii (A, remains of eggs; B–D, early instar larvae; E, late instar larva; F, G, final instar larvae; H–K, mature final instar larvae). A–H, Nakagawa; A, 3 May 2019; B, C, E, 5 May 2019; D, 6 May 2019; F, G, 10 May 2019; H, 12 May 2019. I, Mouth part, anterior view; J, antenna; K, abdominal tergum 10, dorsal view. A–H, Photographed by S. Ibuki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367267/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">Fig. 3K</figureCitation>
). Cocoon: 
<quantity id="2A1103AAC00BFF88FE4C2F46FDC5FED8" box="[433,540,295,321]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="235" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="7.0">7–10 mm</quantity>
long, blackish brown, single walled.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5F3FDC4C00BFF89FF3A2F2BFCFCFC8C" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="236" pageId="12" pageNumber="235" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="ED56AE4FC00BFF88FF3A2F2BFEAFFD80" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,537]" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00BFF88FF3A2F2BFE71FEFD" bold="true" box="[199,424,330,356]" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">Material examined</emphasis>
. 
<typeStatus id="325210EDC00BFF88FE482F2AFDFFFEFC" box="[437,550,331,357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="235" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00BFF88FDCD2F2AFD89FEFC" box="[560,592,331,357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="235" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00BFF88FDAD2F2AFDAEFEFC" box="[592,631,331,357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="235" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
, “Mt. Funaoka, Tsurugi-machi, 
<collectingRegion id="2F2D60ADC00BFF88FC242F2AFBA4FEFC" box="[985,1149,331,357]" country="Japan" name="Ishikawa" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">Ishikawa Pref.</collectingRegion>
, 
<date id="9957888FC00BFF88FB7B2F2AFAC8FEFC" box="[1158,1297,331,357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="235" value="2004-04-16">16. IV. 2004</date>
, I. Togashi”, “ 
<typeStatus id="325210EDC00BFF88FF5C2F0EFEDFFE10" box="[161,262,367,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="235" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00BFF88FEF12F0EFE22FE10" authority="Hara &amp; Ibuki, 2022" authorityName="Hara &amp; Ibuki" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Togashi" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[268,507,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Fagineura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercivora" status="sp. nov.">Fagineura quercivora</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C4AECF26C00BFF88FDFF2F0EFDE7FE10" box="[514,574,367,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="235" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
” (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00BFF88FDA52F0EFCCAFE10" box="[600,787,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-91@19.[151,1436,381,1866]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 6. Head: Fagineura crenativora (A, B, M, O, P, female; A, M, holotype; C, male), F. parva (D, Q, female, holotype; E, male), F. togashii (F, N, R, female; G, male), F. fulvistriata (H, female, holotype), F. flavomaculata (I, female, holotype), F. quercivora (J, K, S, female; J, S, holotype) and F. glabella (L, female, holotype). A–L, Dorsal view; M, N, lateral view; O, anteromedial part, anterolateral view; P–S, anterodorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367275" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367275/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">Figs 6F, G, N, R</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00BFF88FCE22F0EFC60FE10" box="[799,953,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1845,1869]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,189,1821]" captionTargetId="figure-26@20.[151,1436,189,1821]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 7. Mandible: Fagineura crenativora (A, B, D, J, P, Q, female; A, holotype), F. parva (E, K, female, holotype), F. togashii (C, F, L, R, S, female), F. flavomaculata (G, M, female, holotype), F. quercivora (H, N, female, holotype) and F. glabella (I, O, female, holotype). A, Ventral view; B, C, anterior view (C, max. h. = maximum height); D–I, left mandible, outer view, left anterior; J–O, right mandible, outer view, left posterior; P, R, anterior view; Q, S, posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367277" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367277/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">7C, F, L, R, S</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00BFF88FC382F0EFBE3FE10" box="[965,1082,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1580,1604]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-19@21.[151,1436,166,1564]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 8. Thorax, claw and anteromiddle part of fore wing: Fagineura crenativora (A, G, O, W, X, female; O, W, holotype), F. parva (H, male; P, female, holotype), F. togashii (F, I, Q, female), F. fulvistriata (J, R, Y, female; J, R, holotype), F. flavomaculata (B, K, S, female, holotype), F. quercivora (C, D, L, M, T, U, female; C, L, T, holotype) and F. glabella (E, N, V, female, holotype).A–E, Mesoscutum, dorsolateral view; F, anterodorsal part of mesepisternum, anteroventral view; G–N, dorsal part of mesepisternum, anterolateral view; O–V, claw, anterior or posterior view; W–Y, anteromiddle part of fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367281/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">8F, I, Q, Y</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00BFF88FBB82F0EFB53FE10" box="[1093,1162,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1554,1578]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,561,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-204@22.[151,1437,561,1531]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 9. Apex of female abdomen: Fagineura crenativora (A, I), F. parva (B, J, holotype), F. togashii (C, K), F. fulvistriata (D, L; D, holotype), F. flavomaculata (E, M; E, holotype), F. quercivora (F, G, N, O; F, N, holotype) and F. glabella (H, P, holotype). A–H, Dorsal view; I–P, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367285" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367285/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">9C, K</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00BFF88FB682F0EFB1CFE10" box="[1173,1221,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,957,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-374@23.[151,1436,957,1917]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ovipositor or lance, lateral view: Fagineura crenativora (A, B), F. parva (C, holotype), F. togashii (D, E), F. fulvistriata (F), F. flavomaculata (G, holotype), F. quercivora (H, I; H, holotype) and F. glabella (J, holotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367287/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">10E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00BFF88FB2D2F0EFADAFE10" box="[1232,1283,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-19@25.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Lancet: Fagineura togashii (A, B), F. fulvistriata (C, holotype) and F. flavomaculata (D, E; D, holotype). A, B, C, Reversed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367293/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">12A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00BFF88FAF32F0EFA57FE10" box="[1294,1422,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1845]" captionTargetId="figure-19@27.[151,1436,181,1845]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 14. Apex of male abdomen and genitalia: Fagineura crenativora (A, D–F, K, L), F. parva (B, G, H, M, N) and F. togashii (C, I, J, O, P). A–C, Apex of abdomen, dorsal view; D, G, I, genitalia, dorsal view; E, F, H, J, genitalia, ventral view (E, H, J, penis valve removed); K–P, penis valve, left dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367297/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">14I, J, O, P</figureCitation>
), kept in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 
<collectingRegion id="2F2D60ADC00BFF88FC2D2FF2FB81FE34" box="[976,1112,403,429]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">Washington</collectingRegion>
, D.C. We have not examined the 
<typeStatus id="325210EDC00BFF88FF3C2FD6FEFAFE48" box="[193,291,439,465]" pageId="12" pageNumber="235" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00BFF88FEB42FD6FD32FE48" authority="Togashi, 2006" authorityName="Togashi" authorityYear="2006" box="[329,747,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Fagineura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercivora">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00BFF88FEB42FD6FD98FE49" box="[329,577,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">Fagineura quercivora</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00BFF88FDB52FD6FD32FE48" author="Togashi, I." box="[584,747,439,465]" pageId="12" pageNumber="235" pagination="169 - 173" refId="ref22763" refString="Togashi, I. (2006) A new sawfly, Fagineura quercivora (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) feeding on Quercus serrata and Q. mongolica crispula in Honshu, Japan. Proceedings of the entomological Society of Washington, 108 (1), 169 - 173." type="journal article" year="2006">Togashi, 2006</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00BFF88FD082FD6FC79FE4B" author="Togashi, I." box="[757,928,439,466]" pageId="12" pageNumber="235" pagination="169 - 173" refId="ref22763" refString="Togashi, I. (2006) A new sawfly, Fagineura quercivora (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) feeding on Quercus serrata and Q. mongolica crispula in Honshu, Japan. Proceedings of the entomological Society of Washington, 108 (1), 169 - 173." type="journal article" year="2006">Togashi (2006)</bibRefCitation>
wrote “ 
<typeStatus id="325210EDC00BFF88FC052FD6FBBAFE48" box="[1016,1123,439,465]" pageId="12" pageNumber="235" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
and 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00BFF88FB672FD6FAF0FE48" box="[1178,1321,439,465]" pageId="12" pageNumber="235" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">10 paratypes</specimenCount>
deposited in the collection of the National Science Museum (Nat. Hist.), 
<collectingRegion id="2F2D60ADC00BFF88FCA52FBAFC7CFE6C" box="[856,933,475,501]" country="Japan" name="Tokyo" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">Tokyo</collectingRegion>
”, but there are no type specimens of the species in the museum.
</paragraph>
<caption id="B996FEC7C00BFF88FF6A290CFAA9F857" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367267" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6367267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367267/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="235" startId="12.[151,250,1901,1925]" targetBox="[151,1435,561,1878]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="ED56AE4FC00BFF88FF6A290CFAA9F857" blockId="12.[151,1436,1901,1998]" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00BFF88FF6A290CFED5F81C" bold="true" box="[151,268,1901,1925]" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00BFF88FEE5290FFE02F81F" authorityName="Hara" authorityYear="2022" box="[280,475,1902,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Fagineura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="togashii">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00BFF88FEE5290FFE02F81F" box="[280,475,1902,1926]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="235">Fagineura togashii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(A, remains of eggs; B–D, early instar larvae; E, late instar larva; F, G, final instar larvae; H–K, mature final instar larvae). A–H, Nakagawa; A, 3 May 2019; B, C, E, 5 May 2019; D, 6 May 2019; F, G, 10 May 2019; H, 12 May 2019. I, Mouth part, anterior view; J, antenna; K, abdominal tergum 10, dorsal view. A–H, Photographed by S. Ibuki.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="ED56AE4FC00AFF89FF3A2EF6FCFCFC8C" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">
Other material examined: 
<collectingCountry id="95FEEEDFC00AFF89FE172EF6FD9AFF28" box="[490,579,151,177]" name="Japan" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FDB02EF6FD1FFF28" box="[589,710,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">HONSHU</collectionCode>
: 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FD2D2EF6FD2AFF28" box="[720,755,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingRegion id="2F2D60ADC00AFF89FCFD2EF6FC4DFF28" box="[768,916,151,177]" country="Japan" name="Tochigi" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Tochigi Pref.</collectingRegion>
, Nakagawa, Koisago, 
<geoCoordinate id="88DDC888C00AFF89FB712EF6FB34FF28" box="[1164,1261,151,177]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" precision="925" value="36.783333">36°47’N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="88DDC888C00AFF89FB0E2EF6FAB9FF28" box="[1267,1376,151,177]" degrees="140" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" precision="925" value="140.18333">140°11’E</geoCoordinate>
, coll. gregarious larvae on 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00AFF89FE7E2EDAFDB8FF4D" box="[387,609,187,213]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acutissima">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FE7E2EDAFDB8FF4D" box="[387,609,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Quercus acutissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FD952EDAFD04FF4C" box="[616,733,187,213]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2016-05-06">
6. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FD7E2EDAFD4EFF4C" box="[643,663,187,213]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 2016
</date>
, mat. 16. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FCB72EDAFCB9FF4C" box="[842,864,187,213]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
., em. 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FC5C2EDAFBF7FF4C" box="[929,1070,187,213]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2017-04-13">13. IV. 2017</date>
, S. Ibuki; 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FB5C2EDAFB1FFF4C" box="[1185,1222,187,213]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingRegion id="2F2D60ADC00AFF89FB2F2EDAFABEFF4C" box="[1234,1383,187,213]" country="Japan" name="Tochigi" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Tochigi Pref.</collectingRegion>
, Nakagawa, Wami, 
<geoCoordinate id="88DDC888C00AFF89FEB42EBEFE73FF60" box="[329,426,223,249]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" precision="925" value="36.766666">36°46’N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="88DDC888C00AFF89FE4D2EBEFDC6FF60" box="[432,543,223,249]" degrees="140" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" precision="925" value="140.16667">140°10’E</geoCoordinate>
, coll. gregarious larvae on 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00AFF89FCB62EBEFBFEFF61" box="[843,1063,223,249]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acutissima">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FCB62EBEFBFEFF61" box="[843,1063,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Quercus acutissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, mat. 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FB912EBEFB37FF60" box="[1132,1262,223,249]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2010-05-20">
20. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FB682EBEFB70FF60" box="[1173,1193,223,249]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 2010
</date>
, em. 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FAD52EBEFF08FE84" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2011-04-16" valueMax="2011-04-19" valueMin="2011-04-16">16–19. IV. 2011</date>
, S. Ibuki; 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FEBA2F62FEB2FE84" box="[327,363,259,285]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
, same data but coll. gregarious larvae on 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00AFF89FCB92F62FC22FE85" box="[836,1019,259,285]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FCB92F62FC22FE85" box="[836,1019,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Quercus serrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FBFE2F62FB51FE84" box="[1027,1160,259,285]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2014-05-10">
10. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FBD02F62FB98FE84" box="[1069,1089,259,285]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 2014
</date>
, mat. 19. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FB0A2F62FAD4FE84" box="[1271,1293,259,285]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
., em. 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FAB22F62FF25FED8" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2015-03-21" valueMax="2015-03-27" valueMin="2015-03-21">21–27. III. 2015</date>
; 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FEFA2F46FEF3FED8" box="[263,298,295,321]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FED62F46FE96FED8" box="[299,335,295,321]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
, same data but coll. larvae 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FD802F46FD28FED8" box="[637,753,295,321]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2019-05-03">
3. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FD652F46FD75FED8" box="[664,684,295,321]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 2019
</date>
, mat. 11–12. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FC782F46FC42FED8" box="[901,923,295,321]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
., em. 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FC272F46FB56FED8" box="[986,1167,295,321]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2020-03-22" valueMax="2020-03-24" valueMin="2020-03-22">22–24. III. 2020</date>
(
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FB632F46FAC4FED8" box="[1182,1309,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1741,1765]" captionTargetBox="[158,1435,189,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[151,1435,181,1717]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Fagineura parva (A–C, female, holotype; D–F, male) and F. togashii (G–J, female; K–N, male). A, D, G, K, Head, frontal view; B, E, H, L, dorsal view; C, F, I, M, ventrolateral or lateral view; J, N, ventral view. G–N, Photographed just after killing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367259/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Figs 2G–N</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FAD52F46FA49FED8" box="[1320,1424,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-210@12.[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Fagineura togashii (A, remains of eggs; B–D, early instar larvae; E, late instar larva; F, G, final instar larvae; H–K, mature final instar larvae). A–H, Nakagawa; A, 3 May 2019; B, C, E, 5 May 2019; D, 6 May 2019; F, G, 10 May 2019; H, 12 May 2019. I, Mouth part, anterior view; J, antenna; K, abdominal tergum 10, dorsal view. A–H, Photographed by S. Ibuki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367267/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">3A, E–H</figureCitation>
); 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FF6A2F2AFF61FEFC" box="[151,184,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FF4A2F2AFF06FEFC" box="[183,223,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="male">4♂</specimenCount>
, same data but coll. larvae 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FDE52F2BFD49FEFC" box="[536,656,330,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2019-05-05">
5. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FDC82F2AFD90FEFC" box="[565,585,331,357]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 2019
</date>
, mat. 13–16. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FCD62F2AFC98FEFC" box="[811,833,331,357]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
., em. 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FC792F2AFBE4FEFC" box="[900,1085,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2020-03-22" valueMax="2020-03-26" valueMin="2020-03-22">22–26. III. 2020</date>
(
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FBB02F2AFB17FEFC" box="[1101,1230,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-210@12.[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Fagineura togashii (A, remains of eggs; B–D, early instar larvae; E, late instar larva; F, G, final instar larvae; H–K, mature final instar larvae). A–H, Nakagawa; A, 3 May 2019; B, C, E, 5 May 2019; D, 6 May 2019; F, G, 10 May 2019; H, 12 May 2019. I, Mouth part, anterior view; J, antenna; K, abdominal tergum 10, dorsal view. A–H, Photographed by S. Ibuki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367267/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Figs 3B–D</figureCitation>
); 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FB192F2AFACEFEFC" box="[1252,1303,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">10♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FAEA2F2AFAE3FEFC" box="[1303,1338,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingRegion id="2F2D60ADC00AFF89FABA2F2AFF09FE10" country="Japan" name="Tochigi" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Tochigi Pref.</collectingRegion>
, Nakagawa, Wami, coll. larvae on 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00AFF89FDA52F0EFCD7FE11" box="[600,782,367,393]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FDA52F0EFCD7FE11" box="[600,782,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Quercus serrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FCE82F0EFC52FE10" box="[789,907,367,393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2020-05-08">
8. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FCCC2F0EFC9CFE10" box="[817,837,367,393]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 2020
</date>
, mat. 16. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FC042F0EFBD6FE10" box="[1017,1039,367,393]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
., em. 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FBAD2F0EFB39FE10" box="[1104,1248,367,393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2021-03-30">30. III. 2021</date>
, S. Ibuki; 3 final instar larvae, same data but coll. larvae 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FDA92FF2FD13FE34" box="[596,714,403,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2021-05-07">
7. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FD8D2FF2FD5DFE34" box="[624,644,403,429]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 2021
</date>
, fix. 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FCFF2FF2FCAEFE34" box="[770,887,403,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2021-05-08">
8. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FCE32FF2FCEBFE34" box="[798,818,403,429]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 2021
</date>
, S. Ibuki (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FC172FF2FBBAFE34" box="[1002,1123,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-210@12.[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Fagineura togashii (A, remains of eggs; B–D, early instar larvae; E, late instar larva; F, G, final instar larvae; H–K, mature final instar larvae). A–H, Nakagawa; A, 3 May 2019; B, C, E, 5 May 2019; D, 6 May 2019; F, G, 10 May 2019; H, 12 May 2019. I, Mouth part, anterior view; J, antenna; K, abdominal tergum 10, dorsal view. A–H, Photographed by S. Ibuki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367267/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Figs 3H–J</figureCitation>
); 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FB8A2FF2FB42FE34" box="[1143,1179,403,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingRegion id="2F2D60ADC00AFF89FB5A2FF2FAE4FE34" box="[1191,1341,403,429]" country="Japan" name="Tochigi" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Tochigi Pref.</collectingRegion>
, Sakura, coll. larvae on 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00AFF89FEC22FD6FE2CFE49" box="[319,501,439,465]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FEC22FD6FE2CFE49" box="[319,501,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Quercus serrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FE002FD6FD58FE48" box="[509,641,439,465]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2017-05-18">
18. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FDDA2FD6FDE2FE48" box="[551,571,439,465]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 2017
</date>
, mat. 20–21. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FCE42FD6FCF6FE48" box="[793,815,439,465]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
., em. 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FC922FD6FC36FE48" box="[879,1007,439,465]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2018-04-01">1. IV. 2018</date>
, S. Ibuki (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FB992FD6FB14FE48" box="[1124,1229,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,957,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-374@23.[151,1436,957,1917]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ovipositor or lance, lateral view: Fagineura crenativora (A, B), F. parva (C, holotype), F. togashii (D, E), F. fulvistriata (F), F. flavomaculata (G, holotype), F. quercivora (H, I; H, holotype) and F. glabella (J, holotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367287/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
); 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FB1C2FD6FADFFE48" box="[1249,1286,439,465]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">6♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingRegion id="2F2D60ADC00AFF89FAEF2FD6FA80FE48" box="[1298,1369,439,465]" country="Japan" name="Tokyo" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Tokyo</collectingRegion>
Met., “Sirokane Estate, Meguro”, 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FE2E2FBAFD86FE6C" box="[467,607,475,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="1947-04-11">11. IV. 1947</date>
, 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FD942FBAFDA2FE6C" box="[617,635,475,501]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">T</collectionCode>
. Okutani ― KYUSHU: 3 final instar larvae, 
<collectingRegion id="2F2D60ADC00AFF89FB892FBAFB33FE6C" box="[1140,1258,475,501]" country="Japan" name="Saga" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Saga Pref.</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="2F2D60ADC00AFF89FB092FBAFAF4FE6C" box="[1268,1325,475,501]" country="Japan" name="Saga" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Saga</collectingRegion>
, Dondonnomori, 
<geoCoordinate id="88DDC888C00AFF89FF0A2F9FFE81FD80" box="[247,344,510,537]" degrees="33" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" precision="925" value="33.25">33°15’N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="88DDC888C00AFF89FEA22F9EFE14FD80" box="[351,461,511,537]" degrees="130" direction="east" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" precision="925" value="130.28334">130°17’E</geoCoordinate>
, on 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00AFF89FE032F9EFD6EFD80" box="[510,695,511,537]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dentata">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FE032F9EFD6EFD80" box="[510,695,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Quercus dentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FD3B2F9EFC8CFD80" box="[710,853,511,537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2016-04-30">30. IV. 2016</date>
, M. Tokuda (cited by 
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00AFF89FBB32F9EFAE2FD80" author="Tazunoki, Y. &amp; Fujita, S. &amp; Hara, H. &amp; Adachi, S. &amp; Kuchiki, F. &amp; Tokuda, M." box="[1102,1339,511,537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" pagination="142 - 144" refId="ref22628" refString="Tazunoki, Y., Fujita, S., Hara, H., Adachi, S., Kuchiki, F. &amp; Tokuda, M. (2018) Outbreaks of two sawfly species on planted Quercus trees at an urban park in Saga City, Kyushu and the first record of Fagineura quercivora (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from Kyushu. Japanese Journal of Entomology, New Series, 21 (2), 142 - 144. [in Japanese, with English abstract]" type="journal article" year="2018">
Tazunoki 
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FB432F9EFB29FD80" box="[1214,1264,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
); 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FAB22F9EFAA9FD80" box="[1359,1392,511,537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FA8D2F9EFA4EFD80" box="[1392,1431,511,537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
, same locality, 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FEC42C42FE1EFDA4" box="[313,455,547,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2017-04-20">20. IV. 2017</date>
, S. Fujita &amp; Y. Tazunoki (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FD112C42FC89FDA4" box="[748,848,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-19@25.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Lancet: Fagineura togashii (A, B), F. fulvistriata (C, holotype) and F. flavomaculata (D, E; D, holotype). A, B, C, Reversed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367293/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
) (cited by 
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00AFF89FC362C42FB6CFDA4" author="Tazunoki, Y. &amp; Fujita, S. &amp; Hara, H. &amp; Adachi, S. &amp; Kuchiki, F. &amp; Tokuda, M." box="[971,1205,547,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" pagination="142 - 144" refId="ref22628" refString="Tazunoki, Y., Fujita, S., Hara, H., Adachi, S., Kuchiki, F. &amp; Tokuda, M. (2018) Outbreaks of two sawfly species on planted Quercus trees at an urban park in Saga City, Kyushu and the first record of Fagineura quercivora (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from Kyushu. Japanese Journal of Entomology, New Series, 21 (2), 142 - 144. [in Japanese, with English abstract]" type="journal article" year="2018">
Tazunoki 
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FBC72C42FBB5FDA4" box="[1082,1132,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00AFF89FB3C2C42FAE5FDA4" author="Hara, H." box="[1217,1340,547,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" pagination="323 - 350" refId="ref21619" refString="Hara, H. (2020) Subfamily Nematinae. In: Naito, T., Shinohara, A., Hara, H. &amp; Ito, F., Sawflies and Woodwasps of Japan. Hokkaido University Press, Sapporo, pp. 75 - 89 + 323 - 350. [in Japanese]" type="book chapter" year="2020">Hara 2020</bibRefCitation>
); 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FAB22C42FAB7FDA4" box="[1359,1390,547,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FA932C42FA4EFDA4" box="[1390,1431,547,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
, same locality, 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FEC62C26FE60FDF8" box="[315,441,583,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="2018-04-01">1. IV. 2018</date>
― LOCALITY UNKNOWN: 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FCE02C26FC99FDF8" box="[797,832,583,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, “4.24 [haka (in Japanese)]” ― 
<collectingCountry id="95FEEEDFC00AFF89FB4E2C26FAC1FDF8" box="[1203,1304,583,609]" name="South Korea" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">KOREA</collectingCountry>
: 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FAD92C26FA9EFDF8" box="[1316,1351,583,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, Gangwon-do, Mt. Samagsan, 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FE4E2C0AFDF6FD1C" box="[435,559,619,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="1990-05-09">
9. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FE2F2C0AFE3FFD1C" box="[466,486,619,645]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 1990
</date>
, A. Shinohara; 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FD182C0AFCD1FD1C" box="[741,776,619,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingRegion id="2F2D60ADC00AFF89FCE42C0AFC69FD1C" box="[793,944,619,645]" country="South Korea" name="Gyeonggi" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Gyeonggi-do</collectingRegion>
, Suwon, 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FBE02C0AFBA3FD1C" box="[1053,1146,618,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="1925-05">
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FBE02C0AFBE8FD1C" box="[1053,1073,619,645]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 1925
</date>
, Y. Hasegawa; 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FAD32C0AFA88FD1C" box="[1326,1361,619,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, same locality, on 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00AFF89FEE62CEEFEA0FD30" box="[283,377,655,681]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FEE62CEEFEA0FD30" box="[283,377,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FE752CEEFDD5FD30" box="[392,524,655,681]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="1926-05-13">
13. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FE4F2CEEFE1FFD30" box="[434,454,655,681]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 1926
</date>
, K, Sato; 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FD862CEEFD47FD30" box="[635,670,655,681]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, same locality and collector, coll. larva on 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00AFF89FB792CEEFAE3FD31" box="[1156,1338,655,681]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FB792CEEFAE3FD31" box="[1156,1338,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Quercus serrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, em. 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FA842CEEFF23FD54" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="1927-04-20">20. IV. 1927</date>
; 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FEF82CD2FEF1FD54" box="[261,296,691,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, same locality and collector, 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FD902CD2FD20FD54" box="[621,761,691,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="1927-04-27">27. IV. 1927</date>
; 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FCF92CD2FCFEFD54" box="[772,807,691,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, same locality and collector, 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FB902CD2FB38FD54" box="[1133,1249,691,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="1927-05-04">
4. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FB752CD2FB45FD54" box="[1160,1180,691,717]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 1927
</date>
; 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FB112CD2FAC9FD54" box="[1260,1296,691,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
, same locality and collector, 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FEA62CB6FE08FD68" box="[347,465,727,753]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="1931-05-03">
3. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FE8A2CB6FE52FD68" box="[375,395,727,753]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 1931
</date>
; 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FE202CB6FDD8FD68" box="[477,513,727,753]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">9♀</specimenCount>
, same locality and collector, coll. larvae on 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00AFF89FC0F2CB6FB16FD69" box="[1010,1231,727,753]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acutissima">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FC0F2CB6FB16FD69" box="[1010,1231,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Quercus acutissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FB202CB6FAEEFD68" box="[1245,1335,727,753]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="1932-05">
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FB202CB6FB28FD68" box="[1245,1265,727,753]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 1932
</date>
; 
<specimenCount id="FBEF65C6C00AFF89FABE2CB6FABFFD68" box="[1347,1382,727,753]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, Mt. Chongmasan, 
<date id="9957888FC00AFF89FECA2C9AFE75FC8C" box="[311,428,763,789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" value="1980-05-09">
9. 
<collectionCode id="8BF8368AC00AFF89FEAE2C9AFEBEFC8C" box="[339,359,763,789]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 1980
</date>
, A. &amp; N. Shinohara &amp; S. J. Yoon.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5F3FDC4C00AFF89FF3A2D7FFE69FBC0" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="ED56AE4FC00AFF89FF3A2D7FFACAFCA3" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1653]" box="[199,1299,798,826]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FF3A2D7FFE80FCA1" bold="true" box="[199,345,798,824]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Distribution</emphasis>
. 
<collectingCountry id="95FEEEDFC00AFF89FE9A2D7EFE72FCA0" box="[359,427,799,825]" name="Japan" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Japan</collectingCountry>
: Honshu (
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00AFF89FDE12D7EFD60FCA3" author="Togashi, I." box="[540,697,799,826]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" pagination="169 - 173" refId="ref22763" refString="Togashi, I. (2006) A new sawfly, Fagineura quercivora (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) feeding on Quercus serrata and Q. mongolica crispula in Honshu, Japan. Proceedings of the entomological Society of Washington, 108 (1), 169 - 173." type="journal article" year="2006">Togashi 2006</bibRefCitation>
), Kyushu (
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00AFF89FCCC2D7EFBC7FCA0" author="Tazunoki, Y. &amp; Fujita, S. &amp; Hara, H. &amp; Adachi, S. &amp; Kuchiki, F. &amp; Tokuda, M." box="[817,1054,799,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" pagination="142 - 144" refId="ref22628" refString="Tazunoki, Y., Fujita, S., Hara, H., Adachi, S., Kuchiki, F. &amp; Tokuda, M. (2018) Outbreaks of two sawfly species on planted Quercus trees at an urban park in Saga City, Kyushu and the first record of Fagineura quercivora (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from Kyushu. Japanese Journal of Entomology, New Series, 21 (2), 142 - 144. [in Japanese, with English abstract]" type="journal article" year="2018">
Tazunoki 
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FC5F2D7EFC02FCA0" box="[930,987,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
). 
<collectingCountry id="95FEEEDFC00AFF89FBCC2D7EFBACFCA0" box="[1073,1141,799,825]" name="South Korea" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Korea</collectingCountry>
(new record).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED56AE4FC00AFF89FF3A2D23FCD8FC3F" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FF3A2D23FE8DFCC5" bold="true" box="[199,340,834,860]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Life history</emphasis>
. Host plants: 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00AFF89FE082D22FDBBFCC4" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[501,610,835,861]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00AFF89FD932D22FB65FCC4" authority="Carruth. (Tazunoki et al. 2018)" box="[622,1212,835,861]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acutissima">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FD932D22FC94FCC5" box="[622,845,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Quercus acutissima</emphasis>
Carruth. (
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00AFF89FC3F2D22FB6DFCC4" author="Tazunoki, Y. &amp; Fujita, S. &amp; Hara, H. &amp; Adachi, S. &amp; Kuchiki, F. &amp; Tokuda, M." box="[962,1204,835,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" pagination="142 - 144" refId="ref22628" refString="Tazunoki, Y., Fujita, S., Hara, H., Adachi, S., Kuchiki, F. &amp; Tokuda, M. (2018) Outbreaks of two sawfly species on planted Quercus trees at an urban park in Saga City, Kyushu and the first record of Fagineura quercivora (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from Kyushu. Japanese Journal of Entomology, New Series, 21 (2), 142 - 144. [in Japanese, with English abstract]" type="journal article" year="2018">
Tazunoki 
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FBC82D22FBB6FCC4" box="[1077,1135,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00AFF89FB342D22FEFAFC18" authority="Blume var. crispula" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="crispula" variety="crispula">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FB342D22FA90FCC4" box="[1225,1353,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Q. crispula</emphasis>
Blume var. 
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FF3A2D06FEFAFC18" box="[199,291,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">crispula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00AFF89FECC2D06FE14FC18" author="Togashi, I." box="[305,461,871,897]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" pagination="169 - 173" refId="ref22763" refString="Togashi, I. (2006) A new sawfly, Fagineura quercivora (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) feeding on Quercus serrata and Q. mongolica crispula in Honshu, Japan. Proceedings of the entomological Society of Washington, 108 (1), 169 - 173." type="journal article" year="2006">Togashi 2006</bibRefCitation>
, under rearing condition), 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00AFF89FD082D06FB1AFC18" authority="Thunb. (Tazunoki et al. 2018)" box="[757,1219,871,897]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dentata">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FD082D06FCB2FC18" box="[757,875,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Q. dentata</emphasis>
Thunb. (
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00AFF89FC2D2D06FB62FC18" author="Tazunoki, Y. &amp; Fujita, S. &amp; Hara, H. &amp; Adachi, S. &amp; Kuchiki, F. &amp; Tokuda, M." box="[976,1211,871,897]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" pagination="142 - 144" refId="ref22628" refString="Tazunoki, Y., Fujita, S., Hara, H., Adachi, S., Kuchiki, F. &amp; Tokuda, M. (2018) Outbreaks of two sawfly species on planted Quercus trees at an urban park in Saga City, Kyushu and the first record of Fagineura quercivora (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from Kyushu. Japanese Journal of Entomology, New Series, 21 (2), 142 - 144. [in Japanese, with English abstract]" type="journal article" year="2018">
Tazunoki 
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FBBC2D06FBA0FC18" box="[1089,1145,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00AFF89FB322D06FA45FC18" authority="Murray" authorityName="Murray" box="[1231,1436,871,897]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FB322D06FA9BFC19" box="[1231,1346,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Q. serrata</emphasis>
Murray
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00AFF89FF622DEAFEE2FC3C" author="Togashi, I." box="[159,315,907,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" pagination="169 - 173" refId="ref22763" refString="Togashi, I. (2006) A new sawfly, Fagineura quercivora (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) feeding on Quercus serrata and Q. mongolica crispula in Honshu, Japan. Proceedings of the entomological Society of Washington, 108 (1), 169 - 173." type="journal article" year="2006">Togashi 2006</bibRefCitation>
, under rearing condition; present study).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED56AE4FC00AFF89FF3A2DCEFE69FBC0" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">
This species has univoltine life cycle and adults occur in early spring (
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00AFF89FC092DCEFB4AFC50" author="Togashi, I." box="[1012,1171,943,969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" pagination="169 - 173" refId="ref22763" refString="Togashi, I. (2006) A new sawfly, Fagineura quercivora (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) feeding on Quercus serrata and Q. mongolica crispula in Honshu, Japan. Proceedings of the entomological Society of Washington, 108 (1), 169 - 173." type="journal article" year="2006">Togashi 2006</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00AFF89FB622DCEFA48FC50" author="Tazunoki, Y. &amp; Fujita, S. &amp; Hara, H. &amp; Adachi, S. &amp; Kuchiki, F. &amp; Tokuda, M." box="[1183,1425,943,969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" pagination="142 - 144" refId="ref22628" refString="Tazunoki, Y., Fujita, S., Hara, H., Adachi, S., Kuchiki, F. &amp; Tokuda, M. (2018) Outbreaks of two sawfly species on planted Quercus trees at an urban park in Saga City, Kyushu and the first record of Fagineura quercivora (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from Kyushu. Japanese Journal of Entomology, New Series, 21 (2), 142 - 144. [in Japanese, with English abstract]" type="journal article" year="2018">
Tazunoki 
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FAED2DCEFA92FC50" box="[1296,1355,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
). Eggs are deposited in young shoots (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FDC22DB2FD45FC74" box="[575,668,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-210@12.[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Fagineura togashii (A, remains of eggs; B–D, early instar larvae; E, late instar larva; F, G, final instar larvae; H–K, mature final instar larvae). A–H, Nakagawa; A, 3 May 2019; B, C, E, 5 May 2019; D, 6 May 2019; F, G, 10 May 2019; H, 12 May 2019. I, Mouth part, anterior view; J, antenna; K, abdominal tergum 10, dorsal view. A–H, Photographed by S. Ibuki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367267/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). Larvae are gregarious but they are not in contact with each other (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FF5D2D96FF21FB88" box="[160,248,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-210@12.[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Fagineura togashii (A, remains of eggs; B–D, early instar larvae; E, late instar larva; F, G, final instar larvae; H–K, mature final instar larvae). A–H, Nakagawa; A, 3 May 2019; B, C, E, 5 May 2019; D, 6 May 2019; F, G, 10 May 2019; H, 12 May 2019. I, Mouth part, anterior view; J, antenna; K, abdominal tergum 10, dorsal view. A–H, Photographed by S. Ibuki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367267/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
). Young larvae eat the insides of leaves. Old larvae eat leaves from the edges. When larvae reach maturity, they enter into the soil without an extra molt and become cocoons in the soil. 
<bibRefCitation id="8978D3BEC00AFF89FC092A7AFB32FBAC" author="Tazunoki, Y. &amp; Fujita, S. &amp; Hara, H. &amp; Adachi, S. &amp; Kuchiki, F. &amp; Tokuda, M." box="[1012,1259,1051,1077]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" pagination="142 - 144" refId="ref22628" refString="Tazunoki, Y., Fujita, S., Hara, H., Adachi, S., Kuchiki, F. &amp; Tokuda, M. (2018) Outbreaks of two sawfly species on planted Quercus trees at an urban park in Saga City, Kyushu and the first record of Fagineura quercivora (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from Kyushu. Japanese Journal of Entomology, New Series, 21 (2), 142 - 144. [in Japanese, with English abstract]" type="journal article" year="2018">
Tazunoki 
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FB9F2A7AFB43FBAC" box="[1122,1178,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">et al.</emphasis>
(2018)
</bibRefCitation>
reported severe defoliation by the larvae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5F3FDC4C00AFF89FF3A2A02FBAAF9EC" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="ED56AE4FC00AFF89FF3A2A02FD84FACC" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FF3A2A02FEEDFBE4" bold="true" box="[199,308,1123,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Remarks</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00AFF89FEBF2A02FDC1FBE4" authorityName="Hara" authorityYear="2022" box="[322,536,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Fagineura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="togashii">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FEBF2A02FDC1FBE4" box="[322,536,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Fagineura togashii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00AFF89FD1F2A02FCA1FBE4" authorityName="Hara" authorityYear="2022" box="[738,888,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Fagineura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvistriata">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FD1F2A02FCA1FBE4" box="[738,888,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">F. fulvistriata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Their differences we noticed are only the condition of the mesepisternum and the coloration as stated in the key, malar space length, the shape of the basal serrulae of a lancet and the larval color. A malar space is 0.2–0.3 × as long as a median ocellus width in the former but 0.5–0.6 × in the latter. The basal serrulae of a lancet have the posterior slope about as long as the anterior slope in the former (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FEE32A92FE72FA94" box="[286,427,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-19@25.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Lancet: Fagineura togashii (A, B), F. fulvistriata (C, holotype) and F. flavomaculata (D, E; D, holotype). A, B, C, Reversed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367293/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Figs 12A, B</figureCitation>
) but the posterior slope longer than the anterior slope in the latter (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FB512A92FACCFA94" box="[1196,1301,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-19@25.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Lancet: Fagineura togashii (A, B), F. fulvistriata (C, holotype) and F. flavomaculata (D, E; D, holotype). A, B, C, Reversed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367293/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
). In the late instars except for the mature stage, the former larva has the dorsally yellow trunk (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FBD52B76FB7CFAA8" box="[1064,1189,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-210@12.[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Fagineura togashii (A, remains of eggs; B–D, early instar larvae; E, late instar larva; F, G, final instar larvae; H–K, mature final instar larvae). A–H, Nakagawa; A, 3 May 2019; B, C, E, 5 May 2019; D, 6 May 2019; F, G, 10 May 2019; H, 12 May 2019. I, Mouth part, anterior view; J, antenna; K, abdominal tergum 10, dorsal view. A–H, Photographed by S. Ibuki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367267/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Figs 3E–G</figureCitation>
), while the latter larva has the mostly pale grey trunk (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FE042B5AFD88FACC" box="[505,593,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1696,1720]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,188,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-19@15.[151,1435,181,1672]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 4. Fagineura fulvistriata (A–E, female; L, M, late instar and mature final instar larva; holotype), F. flavomaculata (F–H, N, female; O–Q, late instar, final instar and mature final instar larva; holotype) and F. quercivora (I–K, female, holotype). A, F, I, Head, frontal view; B, E, G, J, dorsal view; C, H, K, lateral or ventrolateral view; D, ventral view. L–Q, Nakagawa; L, 13 May 2019; M, 20 May 2019; N, 19 April 2019; O, 2 May 2018; P, 8 May 2018; Q, 9 May 2018; photographed by S. Ibuki. A–D, Photographed just after killing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367269/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Fig. 4L</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED56AE4FC00AFF89FF3A2B3EFBAAF9EC" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">
This species is also similar to 
<taxonomicName id="2AE9D5CCC00AFF89FDDD2B3EFD04FAE0" authorityName="Hara" authorityYear="2022" box="[544,733,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Fagineura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="236" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavomaculata">
<emphasis id="DF9D725DC00AFF89FDDD2B3EFD04FAE0" box="[544,733,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">F. flavomaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in color, but it is distinguished from the latter by the mesepisternum dorsally not glabrous and barely expanded (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FD1E2BE2FCE9FA04" box="[739,816,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1580,1604]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-19@21.[151,1436,166,1564]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 8. Thorax, claw and anteromiddle part of fore wing: Fagineura crenativora (A, G, O, W, X, female; O, W, holotype), F. parva (H, male; P, female, holotype), F. togashii (F, I, Q, female), F. fulvistriata (J, R, Y, female; J, R, holotype), F. flavomaculata (B, K, S, female, holotype), F. quercivora (C, D, L, M, T, U, female; C, L, T, holotype) and F. glabella (E, N, V, female, holotype).A–E, Mesoscutum, dorsolateral view; F, anterodorsal part of mesepisternum, anteroventral view; G–N, dorsal part of mesepisternum, anterolateral view; O–V, claw, anterior or posterior view; W–Y, anteromiddle part of fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367281/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Fig. 8I</figureCitation>
), the lancet annuli markedly oblique (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FB242BE2FABCFA04" box="[1241,1381,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-19@25.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Lancet: Fagineura togashii (A, B), F. fulvistriata (C, holotype) and F. flavomaculata (D, E; D, holotype). A, B, C, Reversed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367293/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Figs 12A, B</figureCitation>
), the female mesoscutum and mesepisternum entirely black (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FCED2BC6FC50FA58" box="[784,905,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1741,1765]" captionTargetBox="[158,1435,189,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[151,1435,181,1717]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Fagineura parva (A–C, female, holotype; D–F, male) and F. togashii (G–J, female; K–N, male). A, D, G, K, Head, frontal view; B, E, H, L, dorsal view; C, F, I, M, ventrolateral or lateral view; J, N, ventral view. G–N, Photographed just after killing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367259/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Figs 2H–J</figureCitation>
), the female abdominal terga 1, 2 yellow (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FA922BC6FF64FA7C" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1741,1765]" captionTargetBox="[158,1435,189,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[151,1435,181,1717]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Fagineura parva (A–C, female, holotype; D–F, male) and F. togashii (G–J, female; K–N, male). A, D, G, K, Head, frontal view; B, E, H, L, dorsal view; C, F, I, M, ventrolateral or lateral view; J, N, ventral view. G–N, Photographed just after killing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367259/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Fig. 2H</figureCitation>
), the female abdominal laterotergites 7, 8 mostly black (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FCD42BAAFCACFA7C" box="[809,885,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1741,1765]" captionTargetBox="[158,1435,189,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[151,1435,181,1717]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Fagineura parva (A–C, female, holotype; D–F, male) and F. togashii (G–J, female; K–N, male). A, D, G, K, Head, frontal view; B, E, H, L, dorsal view; C, F, I, M, ventrolateral or lateral view; J, N, ventral view. G–N, Photographed just after killing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367259/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Fig. 2I</figureCitation>
) and the trunk of the late instar larva dorsally yellow (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FF2D2B8EFE97F990" box="[208,334,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-210@12.[151,1435,561,1878]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Fagineura togashii (A, remains of eggs; B–D, early instar larvae; E, late instar larva; F, G, final instar larvae; H–K, mature final instar larvae). A–H, Nakagawa; A, 3 May 2019; B, C, E, 5 May 2019; D, 6 May 2019; F, G, 10 May 2019; H, 12 May 2019. I, Mouth part, anterior view; J, antenna; K, abdominal tergum 10, dorsal view. A–H, Photographed by S. Ibuki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367267/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Figs 3E–G</figureCitation>
). The latter species has the mesepisternum dorsally glabrous and distinctly expanded (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FAF02B8EFABFF990" box="[1293,1382,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1580,1604]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-19@21.[151,1436,166,1564]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 8. Thorax, claw and anteromiddle part of fore wing: Fagineura crenativora (A, G, O, W, X, female; O, W, holotype), F. parva (H, male; P, female, holotype), F. togashii (F, I, Q, female), F. fulvistriata (J, R, Y, female; J, R, holotype), F. flavomaculata (B, K, S, female, holotype), F. quercivora (C, D, L, M, T, U, female; C, L, T, holotype) and F. glabella (E, N, V, female, holotype).A–E, Mesoscutum, dorsolateral view; F, anterodorsal part of mesepisternum, anteroventral view; G–N, dorsal part of mesepisternum, anterolateral view; O–V, claw, anterior or posterior view; W–Y, anteromiddle part of fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367281/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Fig. 8K</figureCitation>
), the lancet with the middle annuli nearly erect (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FD862872FCDFF9B4" box="[635,774,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-19@25.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Lancet: Fagineura togashii (A, B), F. fulvistriata (C, holotype) and F. flavomaculata (D, E; D, holotype). A, B, C, Reversed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367293/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Figs 12D, E</figureCitation>
), the female mesoscutum and mesepisternum partly yellow to brown (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FEF72856FE50F9C8" box="[266,393,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1696,1720]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,188,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-19@15.[151,1435,181,1672]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 4. Fagineura fulvistriata (A–E, female; L, M, late instar and mature final instar larva; holotype), F. flavomaculata (F–H, N, female; O–Q, late instar, final instar and mature final instar larva; holotype) and F. quercivora (I–K, female, holotype). A, F, I, Head, frontal view; B, E, G, J, dorsal view; C, H, K, lateral or ventrolateral view; D, ventral view. L–Q, Nakagawa; L, 13 May 2019; M, 20 May 2019; N, 19 April 2019; O, 2 May 2018; P, 8 May 2018; Q, 9 May 2018; photographed by S. Ibuki. A–D, Photographed just after killing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367269/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Figs 4G, H</figureCitation>
), the female abdominal terga 1, 2 mostly black (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FC592856FC24F9C8" box="[932,1021,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1696,1720]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,188,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-19@15.[151,1435,181,1672]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 4. Fagineura fulvistriata (A–E, female; L, M, late instar and mature final instar larva; holotype), F. flavomaculata (F–H, N, female; O–Q, late instar, final instar and mature final instar larva; holotype) and F. quercivora (I–K, female, holotype). A, F, I, Head, frontal view; B, E, G, J, dorsal view; C, H, K, lateral or ventrolateral view; D, ventral view. L–Q, Nakagawa; L, 13 May 2019; M, 20 May 2019; N, 19 April 2019; O, 2 May 2018; P, 8 May 2018; Q, 9 May 2018; photographed by S. Ibuki. A–D, Photographed just after killing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367269/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
), the female abdominal laterotergites 7, 8 yellow (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FED9283AFEA2F9EC" box="[292,379,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1696,1720]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,188,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-19@15.[151,1435,181,1672]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 4. Fagineura fulvistriata (A–E, female; L, M, late instar and mature final instar larva; holotype), F. flavomaculata (F–H, N, female; O–Q, late instar, final instar and mature final instar larva; holotype) and F. quercivora (I–K, female, holotype). A, F, I, Head, frontal view; B, E, G, J, dorsal view; C, H, K, lateral or ventrolateral view; D, ventral view. L–Q, Nakagawa; L, 13 May 2019; M, 20 May 2019; N, 19 April 2019; O, 2 May 2018; P, 8 May 2018; Q, 9 May 2018; photographed by S. Ibuki. A–D, Photographed just after killing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367269/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
) and the trunk of the late instar larva mostly pale grey (
<figureCitation id="75D2B2CAC00AFF89FC17283AFBBFF9EC" box="[1002,1126,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1696,1720]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,188,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-19@15.[151,1435,181,1672]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 4. Fagineura fulvistriata (A–E, female; L, M, late instar and mature final instar larva; holotype), F. flavomaculata (F–H, N, female; O–Q, late instar, final instar and mature final instar larva; holotype) and F. quercivora (I–K, female, holotype). A, F, I, Head, frontal view; B, E, G, J, dorsal view; C, H, K, lateral or ventrolateral view; D, ventral view. L–Q, Nakagawa; L, 13 May 2019; M, 20 May 2019; N, 19 April 2019; O, 2 May 2018; P, 8 May 2018; Q, 9 May 2018; photographed by S. Ibuki. A–D, Photographed just after killing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6367269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6367269/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="236">Figs 4O, P</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>