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<document id="A823277E6AC14E70E0D3B89915DD812D" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.13" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13721716" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725663132646" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Dantas, Jaciele De Oliveira, Alves, Elaine Santos, Lücking, Robert &amp; Cáceres, Marcela Eugenia Da Silva" docDate="2017" docId="476F87F92365C439FF14A355FBBCFB2E" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.331.2.13.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 331 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.13" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Halegrapha redonographoides Dantas, Lucking &amp; M. Caceres 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="292" masterDocId="BB56FF812367C43AFF9CA41BFFE0FFF0" masterDocTitle="Three new species of Graphidaceae (lichenized Ascomycota) from the semi-arid region of northeast Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="294" masterPageNumber="289" pageNumber="291" updateTime="1725675331495" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="106B38B82B406E96ADC8EB72290C3C01">Three new species of Graphidaceae (lichenized Ascomycota) from the semi-arid region of northeast Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="509DE27BBCE988E13AFD98FEE1261050">Dantas, Jaciele De Oliveira</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DBF698F9B3938F257797F5D1710F2702">Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Vereador Olímpio Grande, s / n, CEP: 49500 - 000, Itabaiana, Sergipe, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8707A99CD9DB7A8031CE34E30BAAA213">Alves, Elaine Santos</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D98024E45992A901D8189ABD0C307C29">Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Vereador Olímpio Grande, s / n, CEP: 49500 - 000, Itabaiana, Sergipe, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1DE6B1B2F3BB3341BD925C70A693C42E">Lücking, Robert</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="78D93C9813947C6E7D70F8D9C72BD731">Botanischer Garten &amp; Botanisches Museum, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BF1203BC9B6360AD02EDFE1F506E8289">Cáceres, Marcela Eugenia Da Silva</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6F09513480ACA34D31010A30FD75B22D">Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Vereador Olímpio Grande, s / n, CEP: 49500 - 000, Itabaiana, Sergipe, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2365C438FF14A355FE0AF897" bold="true" box="[136,490,1870,1895]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="291">Halegrapha redonographoides</emphasis>
Dantas, Lücking &amp; M. Cáceres
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, 
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<paragraph id="CF7936EF2365C438FF14A36EFE7FF87A" blockId="2.[136,1452,1909,2074]" box="[136,415,1909,1930]" pageId="2" pageNumber="291">Mycobank No.: MB 822330.</paragraph>
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Diagnosis: Differing from 
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<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2365C438FE1BA382FD87F85E" box="[391,615,1945,1966]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="291">Halegrapha mucronata</emphasis>
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in the ecorticate thallus, somewhat pseudostromatic ascomata with immersed lirellae, a completely carbonized excipulum, and small, submuriform ascospores.
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: 
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: 
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, 
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; 
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, 
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, 
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; isolated remnant of Caatinga vegetation, on tree bark; 
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(
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— 
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.
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Etymology: The epithet refers to the 
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<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FE76A4BBFD99FF45" box="[490,633,160,181]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">Redonographa</emphasis>
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-like appearance of this species.
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Description: Thallus corticolous, epiperidermal, 
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diam., continuous; surface uneven-rough, cream-colored to beige, opaque; prothallus absent but thin black prothallus line sometimes formed when bordering other lichens. Thallus in section 100–200 μm thick, ecorticate, with irregular, disrupted photobiont layer immersed between large clusters of crystals. Photobiont 
<taxonomicName id="08C64D6C2364C439FE0CA530FDFEFEB4" box="[400,542,299,324]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Trentepohlia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="292" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FE0CA530FDFEFEB4" box="[400,542,299,324]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">Trentepohlia</emphasis>
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; cells rounded to irregular in outline, in irregular groups, yellowish green, 8–11 × 6–9 μm. Ascomata lirelliform, flexuose, unbranched to rarely sparsely branched, immersed into thickened thallus parts resembling pseudostromata, with lateral thalline margin, 
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long, 
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wide, 
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high; disc concealed; labia distinct, entire, gray-black; thalline margin cream-colored. Excipulum entire, completely carbonized, 50–90 μm wide, black; laterally covered by algiferous thallus including clusters of crystals; hypothecium prosoplectenchymatous, 10–20 μm high, yellowish; hymenium 70–90 μm high, colourless, clear. Asci clavate, 60–70 × 10–12 μm. Ascospores 8 per ascus, broadly ellipsoid with rounded ends, submuriform with 3 transverse and 0–2 longitudinal septa per segment, the principal septa irregularly arrangted, 10–15 × 6–10 μm, 1.3–1.7 times as long as wide, brown, I+ purplish-red when mature. Chemistry. Norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (trace), thallus section with K+ yellow efflux forming red, needle-shaped crystals.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CF7936EF2364C439FF21A696FBA5FD3A" blockId="3.[136,1452,160,1246]" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">
Distribution and ecology: Thus far only known from the states of 
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and 
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in northeast and central 
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, growing on tree bark in Caatinga and vegetation transitional towards Cerrado.
</paragraph>
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Characterization and taxonomic relationships: This new species is placed in the genus 
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<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FB31A6CFFAD4FD1D" box="[1197,1332,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">Halegrapha</emphasis>
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due to its 
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<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FF14A6E3FF04FCE1" box="[136,228,760,785]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">Graphis</emphasis>
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-like thallus (whitish, with large crystal clusters) and ascomata (thick, carbonized labia) combined with 
<taxonomicName id="08C64D6C2364C439FF14A700FEC5FCC4" box="[136,293,795,820]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Phaeographis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="3" pageNumber="292" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FF14A700FEC5FCC4" box="[136,293,795,820]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">Phaeographis</emphasis>
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- 
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ascospores (brown, small, with rounded ends; see Lücking 
<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FC61A700FBCFFCC4" box="[1021,1071,795,820]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">et al</emphasis>
. 2011). Only two other species of 
<taxonomicName id="08C64D6C2364C439FF14A724FEEFFCA8" box="[136,271,831,856]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Halegrapha" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="3" pageNumber="292" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FF14A724FEEFFCA8" box="[136,271,831,856]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">Halegrapha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
produce norstictic acid, namely 
<taxonomicName id="08C64D6C2364C439FDE6A724FC28FCA8" authority="(Stirt.) Lucking" authorityName="Lucking" baseAuthorityName="Stirt." box="[634,968,831,856]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Halegrapha" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="3" pageNumber="292" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="mucronata">
<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FDE6A724FCF4FCA8" box="[634,788,831,856]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">H. mucronata</emphasis>
(Stirt.) Lücking
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="08C64D6C2364C439FC62A724FEECFC8B" authority="G. Weerakoon, Lucking &amp; Lumbsch" authorityName="G. Weerakoon, Lucking &amp; Lumbsch" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Halegrapha" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="3" pageNumber="292" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="masoniana">
<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FC62A724FB7AFCA8" box="[1022,1178,831,856]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">H. masoniana</emphasis>
G. Weerakoon, Lücking &amp; Lumbsch
</taxonomicName>
(Lücking 
<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FEE3A779FE4FFC8B" box="[383,431,866,891]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">et al</emphasis>
. 2011, 
<bibRefCitation id="AB574B1E2364C439FD9CA779FD1FFC8B" author="Weerakoon, G. &amp; Lucking, R. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T." box="[512,767,866,891]" pageId="3" pageNumber="292" pagination="331 - 347" refId="ref5056" refString="Weerakoon, G., Lucking, R. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T. (2014) Thirteen new species of Graphidaceae (lichenized Ascomycota: Ostropales) from Sri Lanka. Phytotaxa 189 (1): 331 - 347. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 189.1.24" type="journal article" year="2014">
Weerakoon 
<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FD19A779FD55FC8B" box="[645,693,866,891]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">et al</emphasis>
. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
). Both have a corticate thallus and also differ by the erumpent to prominent lirellae and transversely septate, longer ascospores (35–45 μm in 
<taxonomicName id="08C64D6C2364C439FBAAA79DFB36FC6F" box="[1078,1238,902,927]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Halegrapha" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="3" pageNumber="292" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="mucronata">
<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FBAAA79DFB36FC6F" box="[1078,1238,902,927]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">H. mucronata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 50–70 μm in 
<taxonomicName id="08C64D6C2364C439FA0CA79DFEE3FC32" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Halegrapha" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="3" pageNumber="292" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="masoniana">
<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FA0CA79DFEE3FC32" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">H. masoniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<taxonomicName id="08C64D6C2364C439FE87A7B2FE56FC32" box="[283,438,937,962]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Halegrapha" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="3" pageNumber="292" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="mucronata">
<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FE87A7B2FE56FC32" box="[283,438,937,962]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">H. mucronata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs further in the laterally carbonized excipulum and 
<taxonomicName id="08C64D6C2364C439FBA5A7B2FB37FC32" box="[1081,1239,937,962]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Halegrapha" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="3" pageNumber="292" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="masoniana">
<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FBA5A7B2FB37FC32" box="[1081,1239,937,962]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">H. masoniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the lirellae with thick lateral thalline margin and in the inspersed hymenium. Regularly submuriform ascospores are thus far not known in the genus, although some ascospores may become submuriform in 
<taxonomicName id="08C64D6C2364C439FC2FA7EBFAB8FBF9" authority="Rivas Plata &amp; Lucking" authorityName="Rivas Plata &amp; Lucking" box="[947,1368,1008,1033]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Halegrapha" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="3" pageNumber="292" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="chimaera">
<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FC2FA7EBFBA3FBF9" box="[947,1091,1008,1033]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">H. chimaera</emphasis>
Rivas Plata &amp; Lücking
</taxonomicName>
, which otherwise differs in the erumpent to prominent lirellae with striate labia and in the stictic acid chemistry (Lücking 
<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FF14A02CFF5AFBA0" box="[136,186,1079,1104]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">et al</emphasis>
. 2011). 
<taxonomicName id="08C64D6C2364C439FE85A02CFD94FBA0" authorityName="Dantas, Lucking &amp; M. Caceres" authorityYear="2017" box="[281,628,1079,1104]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Halegrapha" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="3" pageNumber="292" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="redonographoides">
<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FE85A02CFD94FBA0" box="[281,628,1079,1104]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">Halegrapha redonographoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles a species of 
<taxonomicName id="08C64D6C2364C439FC1EA02CFBC8FBA0" authorityName="Lücking, Tehler &amp; Lumbsch" authorityYear="2013" box="[898,1064,1079,1104]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Redonographa" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="3" pageNumber="292" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FC1EA02CFBC8FBA0" box="[898,1064,1079,1104]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">Redonographa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(hence the specific epithet) in the ecorticate thallus containing large quantities of norstictic acid and in the somewhat pseudostromatic ascomata (
<bibRefCitation id="AB574B1E2364C439FAD0A040FEE3FB67" author="Lucking, R. &amp; Tehler, A. &amp; Bungartz, F. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T." pageId="3" pageNumber="292" pagination="844 - 856" refId="ref4091" refString="Lucking, R., Tehler, A., Bungartz, F. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T. (2013) Journey from the West: Did tropical Graphidaceae (lichenized Ascomycota: Ostropales) evolve from a saxicolous ancestor along the American Pacific coast? American Journal of Botany 100: 844 - 856. http: // www. amjbot. org / cgi / doi / 10.3732 / ajb. 1200548" type="journal article" year="2013">
Lücking 
<emphasis id="FDB2EAFD2364C439FF14A065FF59FB67" box="[136,185,1150,1175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
), but differs in the corticolous habit and the brown ascospores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CF7936EF2364C439FF21A0BAFBBCFB2E" blockId="3.[136,1452,160,1246]" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">
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Additional specimens seen. 
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. 
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: 
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; 
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5˚44’58” 
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, 47˚32’24” 
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, 
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; Cerrado vegetation, on tree bark; 
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<date id="BB78102F2364C439FE03A0DEFDBFFB2E" box="[415,607,1221,1246]" pageId="3" pageNumber="292" value="2016-10-22">
<collectingDate id="AB3CE9C72364C439FE03A0DEFDBFFB2E" box="[415,607,1221,1246]" pageId="3" pageNumber="292" value="2016-10-22">22 October 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
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<collectionCode id="A9D7AE2A2364C439FDF5A0DEFD64FB2E" box="[617,644,1221,1246]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="3" pageNumber="292" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="623353392364C439FD13A0DEFD0AFB2E" box="[655,746,1221,1246]" pageId="3" pageNumber="292">Cáceres</collectorName>
&amp; 
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. 
<location id="CA1960342364C439FCB7A0DEFC60FB2E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:476F87F92365C439FF14A355FBBCFB2E:CA1960342364C439FCB7A0DEFC60FB2E" box="[811,896,1221,1246]" country="Brazil" name="Aptroot" pageId="3" pageNumber="292" stateProvince="Tocantins">Aptroot</location>
</emphasis>
28794 (
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, 
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)
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>