294 lines
35 KiB
XML
294 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="006C8556ED31746F4D4332CB62F30AA1" ID-CLB-Dataset="4889" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3884.6.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d69a4a4f-fbba-436e-b053-4a771735b9a0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4951742" ID-ZooBank="BD4F285D-358C-4350-88EA-7FA94513D930" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623727472316" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Sandy, Michael R., Hryniewicz, Krzysztof, Hammer, Øyvind, Nakrem, Hans Arne & Little, Crispin T. S." docDate="2014" docId="466F6C336241FFA4968541F5FBA43103" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03884p532.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3884 (6)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Zittelina Rollier 1919" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="528" masterDocId="BA56144B6258FFBF96124213FFD43043" masterDocTitle="Brachiopods from Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep deposits, central Spitsbergen, Svalbard" masterLastPageNumber="532" masterPageNumber="501" pageNumber="526" updateTime="1699016241816" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="9D0E2B377CD4F9A437EB895516C59F7E">Brachiopods from Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep deposits, central Spitsbergen, Svalbard</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C429AA8207B87443192EC656A83A62DC">Sandy, Michael R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4269EFFFCDECC508D66A1F5DFCA0A287">Department of Geology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469 - 2364, USA. E-mail: msandy 1 @ udayton. edu</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B8EC60F0EDA9B9731966E801D78AC6F6">Hryniewicz, Krzysztof</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7791EB23864F415B57D205B70EE0F418">Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1172, NO- 0318 Oslo, Norway. & Current address: Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Twarda 51 / 55, 00 - 818 Warszawa, Poland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F16AB04D337C74CACD3DA3C9F4F2AC11">Hammer, Øyvind</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="280C3F1AE412AF5E8AC9FF641DD446B8">Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1172, NO- 0318 Oslo, Norway.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9180B90A668FF98D3235C373E8FD43F3">Nakrem, Hans Arne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="600D30729549ED2FE5C39BADE01F0414">Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1172, NO- 0318 Oslo, Norway.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8257006706617F685452309943BBEECD">Little, Crispin T. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E6F8013EE6EFB3CDD74C153F6452EA1C">School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS 2 9 JT, United Kingdom.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="EF308E22559B2E0974EA2EFF28646A8E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2F08049CD693BCA802C416F827B967AE">2014</mods:date>
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<treatment id="466F6C336241FFA4968541F5FBA43103" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4952602" ID-GBIF-Taxon="184851333" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4952602" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:466F6C336241FFA4968541F5FBA43103" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/466F6C336241FFA4968541F5FBA43103" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="528" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">
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<subSubSection id="86DC8EAE6241FFA6968541F5FEE33443" box="[151,311,998,1024]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CE79DD256241FFA6968541F5FEE33443" blockId="25.[151,342,998,1058]" box="[151,311,998,1024]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">
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<heading id="95316A496241FFA6968541F5FEE33443" bold="true" box="[151,311,998,1024]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA6968541F5FEE33443" bold="true" box="[151,311,998,1024]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">
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<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66241FFA6968541F5FF2A3443" authorityName="Rollier" authorityYear="1919" box="[151,254,998,1024]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Kingenidae" genus="Zittelina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA6968541F5FF2A3443" bold="true" box="[151,254,998,1024]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Zittelina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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? sp.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="86DC8EAE6241FFA69685461AFCF134C6" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" type="description">
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<paragraph id="CE79DD256241FFA69685461AFE823461" blockId="25.[151,342,998,1058]" box="[151,342,1033,1058]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">
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<figureCitation id="56FDC1A06241FFA69685461AFE823461" box="[151,342,1033,1058]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1852,1874]" captionTargetBox="[237,1342,213,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-120@26.[234,1344,193,1804]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 13. 1–4. Pinaxiothyris campestris? Dagys, PMO 227.429, seep 9, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. 5–8. Placothyris kegeli? Harper et al., PMO 224.922, seep 3, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. 9–12. Placothyris kegeli Harper et al., MGUH 27501, Brorson Halvø, Wollaston Forland, North–East Greenland; Albrechts Bugt Member, Lower Valanginian. Specimen serially sectioned by Sandy in Harper et al. (2005, fig. 3). 13–20. Zittelina? sp. 13–16. PMO 224.869, seep 9, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. 17–20. PMO 224.885, seep 9, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4951808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4951808/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Fig. 13.13–13.20</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CE79DD256241FFA696854642FD6F3424" blockId="25.[151,805,1105,1158]" box="[151,699,1105,1127]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">
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1976?v. “
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<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66241FFA697324642FEA23424" authorityName="Rollier" authorityYear="1919" box="[288,374,1105,1127]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Kingenidae" genus="Zittelina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA697324642FEA23424" box="[288,374,1105,1127]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Zittelina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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” sp.—Owen, p. 16, pl. 3, fig. 1.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CE79DD256241FFA696854663FCF134C6" blockId="25.[151,805,1105,1158]" box="[151,805,1136,1158]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">
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<materialsCitation id="7EAED7786241FFA696854663FCF534C6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3337015304" box="[151,801,1136,1158]" collectingDate="2011-05" collectionCode="T" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" specimenCount="1">
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||
<date id="BA78FBE56241FFA696854663FED034C6" box="[151,260,1136,1158]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" value="2011-05">
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||
<collectingDate id="AA3C020D6241FFA696854663FED034C6" box="[151,260,1136,1158]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" value="2011-05">2011 v.</collectingDate>
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</date>
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||
‘
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||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66241FFA697004663FEBC34C5" authorityName="Rollier" authorityYear="1919" box="[274,360,1136,1158]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Kingenidae" genus="Zittelina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA697004663FEBC34C5" box="[274,360,1136,1158]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Zittelina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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’ sp.—Hammer
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<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA694194662FDEA34C5" box="[523,574,1136,1158]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">et al.</emphasis>
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||
, p. 20, table 2, fig. 7
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||
<collectionCode id="A8D745E06241FFA695024663FCF534C6" box="[784,801,1136,1157]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">T</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="86DC8EAE6241FFA6968546A1FBE43488" box="[151,1072,1202,1227]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="CE79DD256241FFA6968546A1FBE43488" blockId="25.[151,1437,1202,2019]" box="[151,1072,1202,1227]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">
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<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA6968546A1FE113488" bold="true" box="[151,453,1202,1227]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" reason="1">Material and occurrence.</emphasis>
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Seep 9 (PMO 217.200, PMO 224.869, PMO 224.885).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="86DC8EAE6241FFA696D546C5FCF8353C" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" type="description">
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<paragraph id="CE79DD256241FFA696D546C5FCF8353C" blockId="25.[151,1437,1202,2019]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">
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<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA696D546C5FE8C34AC" bold="true" box="[199,344,1238,1263]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" reason="1">Description.</emphasis>
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Round and weakly subpentagonal outline, somewhat ventribiconvex profile, and rectimarginate, to possibly incipiently sulcate anterior commissure. Dental lamellae are present in the ventral valve umbo and a median septum is present in the dorsal valve indicating a long-looped terebratellidine. Decorticated specimens (
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<figureCitation id="56FDC1A06241FFA6968D4751FEB43518" box="[159,352,1346,1371]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1852,1874]" captionTargetBox="[237,1342,213,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-120@26.[234,1344,193,1804]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 13. 1–4. Pinaxiothyris campestris? Dagys, PMO 227.429, seep 9, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. 5–8. Placothyris kegeli? Harper et al., PMO 224.922, seep 3, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. 9–12. Placothyris kegeli Harper et al., MGUH 27501, Brorson Halvø, Wollaston Forland, North–East Greenland; Albrechts Bugt Member, Lower Valanginian. Specimen serially sectioned by Sandy in Harper et al. (2005, fig. 3). 13–20. Zittelina? sp. 13–16. PMO 224.869, seep 9, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. 17–20. PMO 224.885, seep 9, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4951808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4951808/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Fig. 13.13–13.16</figureCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="AA57A0D46241FFA697854750FDAF3518" author="Hammer, O. & Nakrem, H. A. & Little, C. T. S. & Hryniewicz, K. & Sandy, M. R. & Hurum, J. H. & Druckenmiller, P. & Knutsen, E. M. & Hoyberget, M." box="[407,635,1346,1371]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref14853" refString="Hammer, O., Nakrem, H. A., Little, C. T. S., Hryniewicz, K., Sandy, M. R., Hurum, J. H., Druckenmiller, P., Knutsen, E. M. & Hoyberget, M. (2011) Hydrocarbon seeps from close to the Jurassic - Cretaceous boundary, Svalbard. Palaeogeography, Palaeoecology, Palaeoclimatology, 306, 15 - 26. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. palaeo. 2011.03.019" type="journal article" year="2011">
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Hammer
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<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA694134750FDEE3518" box="[513,570,1346,1371]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">et al.</emphasis>
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2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 7T) show the presence of dental lamellae and a median septum. A smaller specimen is a possible juvenile (
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<figureCitation id="56FDC1A06241FFA694484775FCF4353C" box="[602,800,1382,1407]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1852,1874]" captionTargetBox="[237,1342,213,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-120@26.[234,1344,193,1804]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 13. 1–4. Pinaxiothyris campestris? Dagys, PMO 227.429, seep 9, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. 5–8. Placothyris kegeli? Harper et al., PMO 224.922, seep 3, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. 9–12. Placothyris kegeli Harper et al., MGUH 27501, Brorson Halvø, Wollaston Forland, North–East Greenland; Albrechts Bugt Member, Lower Valanginian. Specimen serially sectioned by Sandy in Harper et al. (2005, fig. 3). 13–20. Zittelina? sp. 13–16. PMO 224.869, seep 9, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. 17–20. PMO 224.885, seep 9, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4951808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4951808/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Fig. 13.17–13.20</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="86DC8EAE6241FFA496D54799FBA43103" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="528" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph id="CE79DD256241FFA696D54799FD613710" blockId="25.[151,1437,1202,2019]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">
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||
<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA696D54799FE9835E0" bold="true" box="[199,332,1418,1443]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" reason="1">Discussion.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="AA57A0D46241FFA697474799FE3235E0" author="Owen, E. F." box="[341,486,1418,1443]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref17259" refString="Owen, E. F. (1976) Some Lower Cretaceous brachiopods from East Greenland. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 171 (3), 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="1976">Owen (1976</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 3, fig. 1) figured a specimen from the Valanginian of Wollaston Forland, East
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<collectingCountry id="B6D19DB56241FFA6968547BDFED83584" box="[151,268,1454,1479]" name="Greenland" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Greenland</collectingCountry>
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that has a pentagonal outline, inflated biconvex profile, and ventrally deflected anterior commissure but with no obvious concomitant sulcation developed on the dorsal valve. The specimen from Spitsbergen has a round outline, rectimarginate anterior commissure, and biconvex profile but with a lesser degree of inflation compared to the
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<collectingCountry id="B6D19DB56241FFA696D34409FEE23670" box="[193,310,1562,1587]" name="Greenland" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Greenland</collectingCountry>
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specimen. The relationship between the
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<collectingCountry id="B6D19DB56241FFA695174409FCAE3670" box="[773,890,1562,1587]" name="Greenland" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Greenland</collectingCountry>
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and Spitsbergen material is difficult to assess at present as only
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<specimenCount id="D8C016AC6241FFA69743442CFE3A3614" box="[337,494,1598,1623]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
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was identified from
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<collectingCountry id="B6D19DB56241FFA694F4442DFC8F3614" box="[742,859,1598,1623]" name="Greenland" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Greenland</collectingCountry>
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and only two mature specimens are known from Spitsbergen. The differences in outline, profile and commissure make it unlikely that the forms from
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<collectingCountry id="B6D19DB56241FFA692EB4471FABA3638" box="[1273,1390,1634,1659]" name="Greenland" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Greenland</collectingCountry>
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and Spitsbergen are conspecific. Given the predominantly Boreal aspect of the fauna from Spitsbergen it may be that this form is allied to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66241FFA6978044B9FDAB3680" authority="Muir-Wood" authorityName="Muir-Wood" authorityYear="1936" box="[402,639,1706,1731]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Zeilleriidae" genus="Rugitela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA6978044B9FE253680" box="[402,497,1706,1731]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Rugitela</emphasis>
|
||
Muir-Wood
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(considered to be the senior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66241FFA6927E44B9FF3136A4" authority="Makridin (Baker 2006))" authorityName="Makridin (Baker" authorityYear="2006" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Boultoniidae" genus="Russiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA6927E44B9FB073680" box="[1132,1235,1706,1731]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Russiella</emphasis>
|
||
Makridin (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA57A0D46241FFA6934544B9FF0736A4" author="Baker, P. G." pageId="25" pageNumber="526" pagination="2163 - 2188" refId="ref13874" refString="Baker, P. G. (2006) Zeillerioidea. In: Kaesler, R. (Ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part H (Brachiopoda Revised) 5, The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press, Boulder, Colorado and Lawrence, Kansas, pp. 2163 - 2188." type="book chapter" year="2006">Baker 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
))
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The specimens lack the sulcate dorsal valve and sulcus of the anterior commissure seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66241FFA6932F44DDFEA63748" authority="(Roemer)" baseAuthorityName="Roemer" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Zeilleriidae" genus="Rugitela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="species" species="hippopus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA6932F44DDFF2A3748" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Rugitela hippopus</emphasis>
|
||
(Roemer)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that has been recorded from East
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B6D19DB56241FFA694E844E1FCBB3748" box="[762,879,1778,1803]" name="Greenland" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA57A0D46241FFA6956D44E1FB823748" author="Harper, D. A. T. & Alsen, P. & Owen, E. F. & Sandy, M. R." box="[895,1110,1778,1803]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" pagination="213 - 225" refId="ref14982" refString="Harper, D. A. T., Alsen, P., Owen, E. F. & Sandy, M. R. (2005) Early Cretaceous brachiopods from North-East Greenland: biofacies and biogeography. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark, 52, 213 - 225." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Harper
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA695C444E0FBC43748" box="[982,1040,1778,1803]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66241FFA6926444E1FA483748" box="[1142,1436,1778,1803]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Zeilleriidae" genus="Rugitela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA6926444E1FB013748" box="[1142,1237,1778,1803]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Rugitela</emphasis>
|
||
sp. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA57A0D46241FFA6931F44E1FA403748" author="Owen, E. F." box="[1293,1428,1778,1803]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref17259" refString="Owen, E. F. (1976) Some Lower Cretaceous brachiopods from East Greenland. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 171 (3), 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="1976">Owen 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was put in synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66241FFA697C14505FC46376C" authority="(Harper et al. 2005)" baseAuthorityName="Harper" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[467,914,1814,1839]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Zeilleriidae" genus="Rugitela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="species" species="hippopus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA697C14505FD75376C" box="[467,673,1814,1839]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Rugitela hippopus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA57A0D46241FFA694A14505FC5E376C" author="Harper, D. A. T. & Alsen, P. & Owen, E. F. & Sandy, M. R." box="[691,906,1814,1839]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" pagination="213 - 225" refId="ref14982" refString="Harper, D. A. T., Alsen, P., Owen, E. F. & Sandy, M. R. (2005) Early Cretaceous brachiopods from North-East Greenland: biofacies and biogeography. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark, 52, 213 - 225." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Harper
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA6951E4504FC93376C" box="[780,839,1814,1839]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but this seems rather unlikely as the latter is elongate-quadrate in outline and weakly sulcate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE79DD256241FFA496D5454DFACA315E" blockId="25.[151,1437,1202,2019]" lastBlockId="27.[151,1436,151,320]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="528" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">
|
||
The Early Cretaceous age of this material suggests that an affinity to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66241FFA695DE454DFBFF3734" authorityName="Rollier" authorityYear="1919" box="[972,1067,1886,1911]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Kingenidae" genus="Zittelina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA695DE454DFBFF3734" box="[972,1067,1886,1911]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Zittelina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rather than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66241FFA692A3454CFA563734" authority="Davidson" authorityName="Davidson" authorityYear="1852" box="[1201,1410,1886,1911]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Kingenidae" genus="Kingena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA692A3454CFAC43735" box="[1201,1296,1887,1910]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Kingena</emphasis>
|
||
Davidson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more likely. However, both genera are very similar in external morphology (discussed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA57A0D46241FFA692DE4591FA8C37D8" author="Owen, E. F." box="[1228,1368,1922,1947]" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" pagination="29 - 83" refId="ref17124" refString="Owen, E. F. (1970) A revision of the brachiopod subfamily Kingeninae Elliott. British Museum (Natural History) Bulletin (Geology), 19 (2), 29 - 83." type="journal article" year="1970">Owen 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The granular shell ornament considered characteristic of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66241FFA694EC45B4FC8937FD" authorityName="Davidson" authorityYear="1852" box="[766,861,1959,1982]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Kingenidae" genus="Kingena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="25" pageNumber="526" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376241FFA694EC45B4FC8937FD" box="[766,861,1959,1982]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Kingena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has not been observed, although well-developed endopunctation has. The incipient(?) sulcation of the anterior commissure (
|
||
<figureCitation id="56FDC1A06241FFA695E445D9FB6837A0" box="[1014,1212,1994,2019]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1852,1874]" captionTargetBox="[237,1342,213,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-120@26.[234,1344,193,1804]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 13. 1–4. Pinaxiothyris campestris? Dagys, PMO 227.429, seep 9, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. 5–8. Placothyris kegeli? Harper et al., PMO 224.922, seep 3, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. 9–12. Placothyris kegeli Harper et al., MGUH 27501, Brorson Halvø, Wollaston Forland, North–East Greenland; Albrechts Bugt Member, Lower Valanginian. Specimen serially sectioned by Sandy in Harper et al. (2005, fig. 3). 13–20. Zittelina? sp. 13–16. PMO 224.869, seep 9, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. 17–20. PMO 224.885, seep 9, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4951808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4951808/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="526">Fig. 13.16, 13.20</figureCitation>
|
||
) might suggest an affinity to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66243FFA4971D4284FEBA30F3" authorityName="Rollier" authorityYear="1919" box="[271,366,151,176]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Kingenidae" genus="Zittelina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="27" pageNumber="528" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376243FFA4971D4284FEBA30F3" box="[271,366,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="528">Zittelina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in contrast to faint uniplication that could suggest
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66243FFA495A2428BFBDB30EC" authorityName="Davidson" authorityYear="1852" box="[944,1039,152,175]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Kingenidae" genus="Kingena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="27" pageNumber="528" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376243FFA495A2428BFBDB30EC" box="[944,1039,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="528">Kingena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(based on generic diagnoses given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA57A0D46243FFA496AF42AFFE1A3096" author="MacKinnon, D. I. & Smirnova, T. N. & Lee, D. E." box="[189,462,188,213]" pageId="27" pageNumber="528" pagination="2189 - 2201" refId="ref15746" refString="MacKinnon, D. I., Smirnova, T. N. & Lee, D. E. (2006) Kingenoidea. In: Kaesler, R. (Ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part H (Brachiopoda Revised) 5, The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press, Boulder, Colorado and Lawrence, Kansas, pp. 2189 - 2201." type="book chapter" year="2006">
|
||
MacKinnon
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376243FFA4975F42AEFE543096" box="[333,384,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="528">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; although a rectimarginate anterior commissure is common to both genera). Species referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66243FFA4970742CCFDDC30BB" authority="Nutsubidze" authorityName="Nutsubidze" box="[277,520,223,248]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Kingenidae" genus="Dzirulina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="27" pageNumber="528" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376243FFA4970742CCFE5530BB" box="[277,385,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="528">Dzirulina</emphasis>
|
||
Nutsubidze
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(considered a senior subjective synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66243FFA4921042CCFB3D30BB" authority="Smirnova" authorityName="Smirnova" authorityYear="1960" box="[1026,1257,223,248]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Kingenidae" genus="Belothyris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="27" pageNumber="528" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376243FFA4921042CCFBA130BB" box="[1026,1141,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="528">Belothyris</emphasis>
|
||
Smirnova
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA57A0D46243FFA4930742CCFF04315E" author="Sandy, M. R. & Murphy, M. A. & Rodda, P. U." pageId="27" pageNumber="528" pagination="838 - 845" refId="ref17994" refString="Sandy, M. R., Murphy, M. A. & Rodda, P. U. (1995). Dzirulina (Brachiopoda; Terebratellidina) from California, U. S. A. - additional record of an Early Cretaceous transatlantic brachiopod genus. Journal of Paleontology, 69, 838 - 845." type="journal article" year="1995">
|
||
Sandy
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376243FFA4937142F2FA4130BB" box="[1379,1429,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="528">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1995
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) typically have a more elongate outline than for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66243FFA494E34317FC84315E" authorityName="Rollier" authorityYear="1919" box="[753,848,260,285]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Kingenidae" genus="Zittelina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="27" pageNumber="528" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376243FFA494E34317FC84315E" box="[753,848,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="528">Zittelina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66243FFA495954316FC32315F" authorityName="Davidson" authorityYear="1852" box="[903,998,261,284]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Kingenidae" genus="Kingena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="27" pageNumber="528" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376243FFA495954316FC32315F" box="[903,998,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="528">Kingena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(discussed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA57A0D46243FFA492994317FAC5315E" author="Owen, E. F." box="[1163,1297,260,285]" pageId="27" pageNumber="528" pagination="29 - 83" refId="ref17124" refString="Owen, E. F. (1970) A revision of the brachiopod subfamily Kingeninae Elliott. British Museum (Natural History) Bulletin (Geology), 19 (2), 29 - 83." type="journal article" year="1970">Owen 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9AB98DAD6242FFA59685452FFE8637AF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4951808" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4951808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4951808/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="527" startId="26.[151,250,1852,1874]" targetBox="[237,1342,213,1804]" targetPageId="26">
|
||
<paragraph id="CE79DD256242FFA59685452FFE8637AF" blockId="26.[151,1436,1852,2028]" pageId="26" pageNumber="527">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376242FFA59685452FFEF53711" bold="true" box="[151,289,1852,1874]" pageId="26" pageNumber="527">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
|
||
1–4.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66242FFA5974C452FFD233711" authority="? Dagys, PMO" authorityName="Dagys, PMO" box="[350,759,1852,1874]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Loboidothyrididae" genus="Pinaxiothyris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="26" pageNumber="527" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="species" species="campestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376242FFA5974C452FFD893711" box="[350,605,1852,1874]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="527">Pinaxiothyris campestris</emphasis>
|
||
? Dagys, PMO
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
227.429, seep 9, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. 5–8.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66242FFA596854548FE333732" authority="? Harper et al." authorityName="Harper" box="[151,487,1883,1905]" class="Rhynchonellata" genus="Placothyris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="26" pageNumber="527" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="species" species="kegeli">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376242FFA596854548FE843732" box="[151,336,1883,1905]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="527">Placothyris kegeli</emphasis>
|
||
? Harper
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376242FFA597A0454FFE333732" box="[434,487,1883,1905]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="527">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, PMO 224.922, seep 3, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. 9–12.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66242FFA592F14548FECB37D3" authority="Harper et al." authorityName="Harper" class="Rhynchonellata" genus="Placothyris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="26" pageNumber="527" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="species" species="kegeli">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376242FFA592F14548FA4F3732" box="[1251,1435,1883,1905]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="527">Placothyris kegeli</emphasis>
|
||
Harper
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376242FFA596FA4568FECB37D3" box="[232,287,1914,1936]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="527">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, MGUH 27501, Brorson Halvø, Wollaston Forland, North–East Greenland; Albrechts Bugt Member, Lower Valanginian. Specimen serially sectioned by Sandy in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA57A0D46242FFA594D0458AFC5C37ED" author="Harper, D. A. T. & Alsen, P. & Owen, E. F. & Sandy, M. R." box="[706,904,1944,1966]" pageId="26" pageNumber="527" pagination="213 - 225" refId="ref14982" refString="Harper, D. A. T., Alsen, P., Owen, E. F. & Sandy, M. R. (2005) Early Cretaceous brachiopods from North-East Greenland: biofacies and biogeography. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark, 52, 213 - 225." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Harper
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376242FFA59502458AFC9037ED" box="[784,836,1944,1966]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="527">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 3). 13–20.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C6A6A66242FFA5923E458BFB5637ED" authorityName="Rollier" authorityYear="1919" box="[1068,1154,1944,1966]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Kingenidae" genus="Zittelina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="26" pageNumber="527" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376242FFA5923E458BFB5637ED" box="[1068,1154,1944,1966]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="527">Zittelina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
? sp. 13–16. PMO 224.869, seep 9, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. 17–20. PMO 224.885, seep 9, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and anterior views. Scale bars = 1 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE79DD256243FFA496D54334FBA43103" blockId="27.[151,1436,151,320]" box="[199,1136,295,320]" pageId="27" pageNumber="528">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB201376243FFA496D54334FD153103" bold="true" box="[199,705,295,320]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="528" reason="1">Stratigraphic and geographic distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Uppermost Ryazanian of Spitsbergen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |