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<document id="634344BA088BD30A9BD09ED052CEEEB6" ID-CLB-Dataset="51199" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4064.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="44d545ec-199a-41db-80ad-d7906efdf42a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="270432" ID-ZooBank="BEC06753-A9D1-4EDF-8537-D67AF2F94942" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459683265522" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ligia R. Benavides &amp; Gustavo Hormiga" docDate="2016" docId="463E87DAFFFA2E7AB48C1817FEF990D5" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4064.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4064 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Gelanor Thorell 1869" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="BA07FFA2FFF22E77B41B1C50FFA19730" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical pirate spiders of the genus Gelanor Thorell, 1869 (Araneae, Mimetidae) with the description of five new species" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1698207294126" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="BDF11DE666A3CA55703FAD17FC380FEA">Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical pirate spiders of the genus Gelanor Thorell, 1869 (Araneae, Mimetidae) with the description of five new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="82B693C987EDFB933885F4CAE46C9987">Ligia R. Benavides</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="111DCC2CDFBF67022461F1FD017BB324">Gustavo Hormiga</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="463E87DAFFFA2E7AB48C1817FEF990D5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6075762" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119333059" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6075762" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:463E87DAFFFA2E7AB48C1817FEF990D5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/463E87DAFFFA2E7AB48C1817FEF990D5" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<subSubSection id="868D6547FFFA2E7FB48C1817FE069352" box="[151,423,1095,1122]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFFA2E7FB48C1817FE069352" blockId="8.[151,423,1095,1122]" box="[151,423,1095,1122]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="956081A0FFFA2E7FB48C1817FE069352" bold="true" box="[151,423,1095,1122]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB48C1817FE069352" ID-CoL="4MLV" ID-ENA="1671773" authority="Thorell, 1869" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1869" box="[151,423,1095,1122]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB48C1817FE069352" bold="true" box="[151,423,1095,1122]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB48C1817FF5B9351" bold="true" box="[151,250,1095,1121]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gelanor</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFA2E7FB51A1818FE069352" author="Thorell" box="[257,423,1096,1122]" pageId="8" pageNumber="72" refString="Thorell, T. (1869) On European spiders. Part I. Review of the European genera of spiders, preceded by some observations on zoological nomenclature. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, 3 (7), 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="1869">Thorell, 1869</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="868D6547FFFA2E7FB48C18D9FCFB93AE" box="[151,858,1160,1182]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFFA2E7FB48C18D9FCFB93AE" blockId="8.[151,1121,1160,1213]" box="[151,858,1160,1182]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<typeStatus id="112C886EFFFA2E7FB48C18D9FF6893AE" box="[151,201,1161,1182]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type</typeStatus>
species by original designation:
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB60E18D8FCFB93AE" authority="C.L. Koch, 1845" authorityName="C.L. Koch" authorityYear="1845" box="[533,858,1160,1182]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Galena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="zonata">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB60E18D8FD0B93AE" box="[533,682,1160,1182]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Galena zonata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFA2E7FB6AB18D8FCFB93AE" author="Koch" box="[688,858,1160,1182]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" refString="Koch, C. L. (1845) Die Arachniden. Zwolfter Band. In der C. H. Zeh'schen Buchhandlung, Nurnberg, 166 pp." type="book" year="1845">C.L. Koch, 1845</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="868D6547FFFA2E7FB48C18F6FA819129" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFFA2E7FB48C18F6FBC0938C" blockId="8.[151,1121,1160,1213]" box="[151,1121,1190,1213]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB48C18F6FE35938C" authority="C.L. Koch, 1845" authorityName="C.L. Koch" authorityYear="1845" box="[151,404,1190,1212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Galena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB48C18F6FF43938C" box="[151,226,1190,1212]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Galena</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFA2E7FB4F318F6FE35938C" author="Koch" box="[232,404,1190,1212]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" refString="Koch, C. L. (1845) Die Arachniden. Zwolfter Band. In der C. H. Zeh'schen Buchhandlung, Nurnberg, 166 pp." type="book" year="1845">C.L. Koch, 1845</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="112C886EFFFA2E7FB58518F7FE71938C" box="[414,464,1191,1212]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type</typeStatus>
species by original designation:
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB70718F6FBC0938C" authority="C.L. Koch, 1845" authorityName="C.L. Koch" authorityYear="1845" box="[796,1121,1190,1213]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Galena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="zonata">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB70718F6FC10938D" box="[796,945,1190,1213]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Galena zonata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFA2E7FB7AC18F6FBC0938C" author="Koch" box="[951,1121,1190,1212]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" refString="Koch, C. L. (1845) Die Arachniden. Zwolfter Band. In der C. H. Zeh'schen Buchhandlung, Nurnberg, 166 pp." type="book" year="1845">C.L. Koch, 1845</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFFA2E7FB48C18B3FA819129" blockId="8.[151,1437,1250,1990]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFA2E7FB48C18B3FE3C93CB" author="Thorell" box="[151,413,1250,1275]" pageId="8" pageNumber="72" refString="Thorell, T. (1869) On European spiders. Part I. Review of the European genera of spiders, preceded by some observations on zoological nomenclature. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, 3 (7), 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="1869">N.B. Thorell (1869:37)</bibRefCitation>
erroneously argued that the name
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB73318B3FCDB93CB" box="[808,890,1251,1275]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Galena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB73318B3FCDB93CB" box="[808,890,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Galena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was preoccupied and proposed the replacement name
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB4FE1956FEE0922E" ID-CoL="4MLV" box="[229,321,1286,1310]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB4FE1956FEE0922E" box="[229,321,1286,1310]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Pickard-Cambridge (1905) clarified that
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB7501956FBCA922F" ID-CoL="7P2ZW" authority="De Haan, 1833" authorityName="De Haan" authorityYear="1833" box="[843,1131,1286,1311]" class="Malacostraca" family="Galenidae" genus="Galene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB7501956FC3D922E" box="[843,924,1286,1310]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Galene</emphasis>
De Haan, 1833
</taxonomicName>
(a crustacean of family
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB48C197AFE979273" ID-CoL="7NHPS" box="[151,310,1322,1347]" class="Malacostraca" family="Goneplacidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Goneplacidae</taxonomicName>
), and not
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB5BC197AFE589272" box="[423,505,1322,1346]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Galena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB5BC197AFE589272" box="[423,505,1322,1346]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Galena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is the name that Thorell erroneously took as preoccupied and therefore the valid genus name should be
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB586191EFE519256" box="[413,496,1358,1382]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Galena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB586191EFE519256" box="[413,496,1358,1382]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Galena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB641191EFD169256" ID-CoL="4MLV" box="[602,695,1358,1382]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB641191EFD169256" box="[602,695,1358,1382]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was a junior synonym. We believe that the prevailing use of the genus name
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB53E1921FE2392B9" ID-CoL="4MLV" box="[293,386,1393,1417]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB53E1921FE2392B9" box="[293,386,1393,1417]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be maintained because the use of the older synonym, barely used since 1905, would cause confusion. Because of the use of the genus-name
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB71219C5FCFD929D" box="[777,860,1429,1453]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Galena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB71219C5FCFD929D" box="[777,860,1429,1453]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Galena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Pickard-Cambridge (1905) we cannot apply the automatic Reversal of Precedence (Article 23.9 of the ICZN), as the condition described in Article 23.9.1.1 is not met. We will refer the matter to the Commission for a ruling under its plenary power [Art. 81]. While the case is under consideration we will maintain the use of the junior name
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB7721A50FC679128" ID-CoL="4MLV" box="[873,966,1536,1560]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB7721A50FC679128" box="[873,966,1536,1560]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as recommended by the Code.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="868D6547FFFA2E7FB4DC1A74FCB190F5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFFA2E7FB4DC1A74FCB190F5" blockId="8.[151,1437,1250,1990]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB4DC1A74FE9B910D" bold="true" box="[199,314,1572,1597]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Diagnosis</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB5521A74FE07910C" box="[329,422,1572,1596]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB5521A74FE07910C" box="[329,422,1572,1596]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species can be easily differentiated from other mimetids by the presence of two white to light yellow circular or oval spots with dark red-brown margins (absent in some species) located on the anterior part of the abdomen. Spot size varies from small (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB7081A3CFC0991B3" box="[787,936,1644,1667]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="consequus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB7081A3CFC0991B3" box="[787,936,1644,1667]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. consequus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) to large (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB0461A3CFB1591B4" box="[1117,1204,1644,1668]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Eurymachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB0461A3CFB1591B4" box="[1117,1204,1644,1668]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. latus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), margins from thin (e.g.,
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB4CD1AC0FEF29197" box="[214,339,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. s i q u i r re s</emphasis>
) to broad (e.g.,
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB6121AC0FDF89197" box="[521,601,1679,1703]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. l a t u s</emphasis>
). With six to ten horizontal transversal lines, posterior to abdominal spots, colored as spot margins. In live or recently collected specimens, a whitish band can be seen between each pair of dark red- black lines. Colors in live specimens more vivid than those of ethanol specimens (in the latter the spots and the black and white lines tend to vanish). Male palpal length (involving elongation of femur, patella and tibia) usually twice the length of the body (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFFA2E7FB6281B4EFDD79007" box="[563,630,1822,1847]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1873,1895]" captionTargetBox="[170,1414,466,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[156,1430,447,1851]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Palp and epigynum showing the morphological terms used." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270436/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
a) (unique to
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB7121B4EFCC79006" box="[777,870,1822,1846]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB7121B4EFCC79006" box="[777,870,1822,1846]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
among mimetids). In addition,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB0DE1B4EFA839006" box="[1221,1314,1822,1846]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB0DE1B4EFA839006" box="[1221,1314,1822,1846]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only mimetid genus with laterigrade legs (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFFA2E7FB65D1B12FD2A906A" box="[582,651,1858,1883]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1306,1328]" captionTargetBox="[201,1398,204,1272]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[188,1398,193,1284]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Gelanor latus. A, Male. B, Female. C, Male and female. All from Caicubí, Rio Jufarí, Médio Rio Negro, (Brazil) (Photos, L. Benavides)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270433/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Thoracic fovea very conspicuous and semicircular (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFFA2E7FB0E11B12FAEA906A" box="[1274,1355,1858,1883]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1496,1518]" captionTargetBox="[245,1343,206,1459]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[229,1357,193,1475]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Gelanor altithorax, female (A – G, LB 177; H – L, LB 317); A – C, Cephalothorax; D – F, abdomen. A, Dorsal. B, Lateral. C, Ventral. D, Dorsal. E, Lateral. F, Ventral. G, Cephalothorax, Frontal. H, Carapace, Dorsal. I, Fovea, detail. J, Legs, prolateral. K, Detail of tibiae I and II, Prolateral view. L, Detail of metatarsus I and II, prolateral view. Scale bars, A – C, G, K, L, 1 mm; D – F, J, 2 mm; H, 200 µm; I, 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270440/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Figs.
<date id="BA29100CFFFA2E7FB1261B12FAEA906A" box="[1341,1355,1858,1882]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">8</date>
</figureCitation>
I, 27K, 46L, 49K). Males lack the characteristic prolateral row of long and short macrosetae of tibia I and II present in females;
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB4E71BD9FEF89091" box="[252,345,1929,1953]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB4E71BD9FEF89091" box="[252,345,1929,1953]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacks the small spines on the retrolateral proximal side of femur I and prolateral proximal side of femur II characteristic of
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB5AE1BFDFDD290F5" box="[437,627,1965,1989]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Australomimetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB5AE1BFDFDD290F5" box="[437,627,1965,1989]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Australomimetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFA2E7FB6B21BFEFCA890F5" box="[681,777,1966,1989]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Mimetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFA2E7FB6B21BFEFCA890F5" box="[681,777,1966,1989]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Mimetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="9AE86644FFFB2E7EB48C1B08FB85905E" box="[151,1060,1880,1902]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270435/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" targetBox="[186,1401,213,1840]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFFB2E7EB48C1B08FB85905E" blockId="9.[151,1060,1880,1902]" box="[151,1060,1880,1902]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFB2E7EB48C1B08FEB3905D" bold="true" box="[151,274,1880,1902]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Standard measurements used in this study. Asterisks correspond to peg teeth.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="868D6547FFF82E7AB4DC1CC7FD4D9333" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFF82E7DB4DC1CC7FA8194AF" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,927]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFF82E7DB4DC1CC7FEF09780" bold="true" box="[199,337,151,176]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Description</emphasis>
. Small to medium size spiders; total length
<quantity id="096F9B29FFF82E7DB76E1CC7FBA89780" box="[885,1033,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13284" metricValueMax="1.36652" metricValueMin="0.89916" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="in" value="4.46" valueMax="5.38" valueMin="3.54">3.54–5.38 in</quantity>
males and
<quantity id="096F9B29FFF82E7DB0871CC7FA919780" box="[1180,1328,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4478" metricValueMax="1.91516" metricValueMin="0.98044" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="in" value="5.7" valueMax="7.54" valueMin="3.86">3.86–7.54 in</quantity>
females. Carapace light yellow to dark brown-orange of a uniform color or with some areas darker than others; 1.99–3.15 long in males, 1.71–4.09 long in females; 1.45–2.53 wide in males and 1.52–2.66 wide in females. Fovea well marked, rhomboidal (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB5941D53FE41962B" box="[399,480,259,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1496,1518]" captionTargetBox="[245,1343,206,1459]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[229,1357,193,1475]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Gelanor altithorax, female (A – G, LB 177; H – L, LB 317); A – C, Cephalothorax; D – F, abdomen. A, Dorsal. B, Lateral. C, Ventral. D, Dorsal. E, Lateral. F, Ventral. G, Cephalothorax, Frontal. H, Carapace, Dorsal. I, Fovea, detail. J, Legs, prolateral. K, Detail of tibiae I and II, Prolateral view. L, Detail of metatarsus I and II, prolateral view. Scale bars, A – C, G, K, L, 1 mm; D – F, J, 2 mm; H, 200 µm; I, 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270440/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Figs.
<date id="BA29100CFFF82E7DB5C91D53FE41962B" box="[466,480,259,283]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">8</date>
</figureCitation>
I, 27K, 46L, 49K). Eyes in two rows with the anterior row nearly straight and the posterior procurved (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB5921D76FE6F960F" box="[393,462,294,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[186,1401,213,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[170,1416,195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Standard measurements used in this study. Asterisks correspond to peg teeth." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270435/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
A, E), AME largest and placed on a small tubercle. ALE, PLE and PME similar in diameter. Lateral eyes juxtaposed (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB6001D1AFDC79653" box="[539,614,330,355]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[186,1401,213,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[170,1416,195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Standard measurements used in this study. Asterisks correspond to peg teeth." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270435/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
A, E). Clypeus low, 0.05–0.1. Chelicerae nearly straight, fused at the base (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB4841D3EFF4296B7" box="[159,227,366,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[186,1401,213,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[170,1416,195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Standard measurements used in this study. Asterisks correspond to peg teeth." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270435/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
E), larger in females than in males; 0.6–1.07 long and 0.34–0.54 wide in males; 0.83–1.36 long and 0.41– 0.62 wide in females; pale yellow to dark orange. Cheliceral promargin with ca.11 peg teeth (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB1111DC2FAF0969A" box="[1290,1361,402,427]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[186,1401,213,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[170,1416,195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Standard measurements used in this study. Asterisks correspond to peg teeth." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270435/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
E, G). Cheliceral retromargin with a single protuberance (mound) and close to it, right under the fang, a conglomerate of ca. nine cuticular pores placed on a low mound (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB6AB1D89FD5396C2" box="[688,754,473,498]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[186,1401,213,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[170,1416,195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Standard measurements used in this study. Asterisks correspond to peg teeth." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270435/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
H). Two macrosetae crossing each other near to the distal end on their internal cheliceral margin (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB63D1DADFDC89526" box="[550,617,509,534]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[186,1401,213,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[170,1416,195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Standard measurements used in this study. Asterisks correspond to peg teeth." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270435/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
E); an additional setae located towards the middle on the anterior part of each paturon. Sternum longer than wide and prolonged between coxae IV (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB7E01E71FBE19509" box="[1019,1088,545,570]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[186,1401,213,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[170,1416,195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Standard measurements used in this study. Asterisks correspond to peg teeth." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270435/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
B), pale or with dark patterns. Endites darker than the sternum on its proximal end, lighter towards its distal end; reniform, with the distal end wider than the proximal. Labium wider than long, with a rounded distal edge and light yellow to dark brown. Abdomen cylindrical or rhomboidal, typically larger in females, whitish or darker, usually with two large dorsal white spots, and in some species with a dark red/brown margin; a series of transversal white and dark red lines posterior to the two large spots can be seen in most of the species. Legs laterigrade, yellowish with I and II darker and markedly longer than III and IV; leg formula: I-II-IV-III. Prolateral and retrolateral area of femora I and II with dark brown or distal black spots; tibiae I and II with distal dark areas (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB7F91F4BFB899403" box="[994,1064,795,820]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[186,1401,213,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[170,1416,195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Standard measurements used in this study. Asterisks correspond to peg teeth." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270435/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
D). ALS and PLS with serrated macrosetae on its border, surrounding the spigots (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB6D71F6EFC869467" box="[716,807,830,855]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1302,1324]" captionTargetBox="[198,1379,194,1261]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[188,1398,194,1281]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 10. Gelanor altithorax, female spinnerets (LB 317). A, left ALS. B, left PMS. C, left PLS. D, detail of Cy on PLS. Scale bars, A – C, G, 200 µm; F, H, I, L, 100 µm; E, A, C: 10 µm; B, 3 µm; D, 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270442/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
A, C); these macrosetae are present also on the PMS but are less abundant (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB5721F32FE1A944B" box="[361,443,866,891]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1302,1324]" captionTargetBox="[198,1379,194,1261]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[188,1398,194,1281]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 10. Gelanor altithorax, female spinnerets (LB 317). A, left ALS. B, left PMS. C, left PLS. D, detail of Cy on PLS. Scale bars, A – C, G, 200 µm; F, H, I, L, 100 µm; E, A, C: 10 µm; B, 3 µm; D, 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270442/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
B). Colulus rhomboidal (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB6CF1F32FC8E944B" box="[724,815,866,891]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1160,1182]" captionTargetBox="[267,1305,189,1137]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[261,1313,183,1147]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 21. Gelanor consequus, female (A – B, F, LB 49; C – E, G – H, LB 94); A – B, Chelicerae; C – H, Spinnerets and colulus. A – B, Cheliceral glands and tooth. C, Spinnerets, general view. D, Right ALS. E, Detail showing modified setae on ALS margin. F, Colulus. G, Right PLS. H, Left PMS. Scale bars, A, 20 µm; B, D – H, 10 µm; C, 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270453/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 21</figureCitation>
F, 40A). Tracheal system composed by four cylindrical tracheal trunks with the medium tracheal trunks shorter and their apical end leaf-shaped (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB0661FD6FB7B94AF" box="[1149,1242,902,927]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1819,1841]" captionTargetBox="[242,1346,676,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@49.[226,1360,663,1797]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 40. Gelanor latus, female (A – C, LB 88; D – FE, LB 27; G – H, LB 125); A – F, Genitalia; G – H, Tracheal system. A, Anterior. B, Ventral. C, Caudal. D – E, Spermathecae. D, Anterior. E, Ventral. F, Caudal. G, Tracheal system. H, Detail of the medium tracheal trunks showing their leaf – shaped tip. Scale bars, A – C, 200 µm; D – F, 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270472/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 40</figureCitation>
G–H).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFF82E7DB48C1F9DFF7094D6" blockId="10.[151,1437,973,2006]" box="[151,209,973,998]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Male</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFF82E7DB48C1FA2FBA19242" blockId="10.[151,1437,973,2006]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFF82E7DB48C1FA2FE939339" box="[151,306,1010,1033]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Leg spination</emphasis>
. All femora with dorsal macrosetae arranged in two parallel alternating lines and three macrosetae very close to the distal articulation point (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB6771845FD0E931E" box="[620,687,1045,1070]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[186,1401,213,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[170,1416,195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Standard measurements used in this study. Asterisks correspond to peg teeth." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270435/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
D). Number of dorsal macrosetae on femora decreases from femur I to femur IV. (Femur I has ca. 21, femur II ca. 16, femur II ca. 10 and femur IV ca. 6). Patellae I and II with a distal retrolateral macroseta. Tibiae I and II with three prolateral, three dorsal and one retrolateral macrosetae (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB12F180DFAD89346" box="[1332,1401,1117,1142]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1752,1774]" captionTargetBox="[173,1413,205,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[158,1428,193,1731]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Gelanor altithorax, Male (A – I, LB 308); A – C, Habitus; D – E, Cephalothorax; F – I, right legs. A, Dorsal. B, Lateral. C, Ventral. D, Frontal view. E, Lateral view. F, Prolateral. G, Retrolateral. H, Tibiae I and II, dorsal. I, Metatarsi I and II, dorsal. Scale bars, A – C, 1 mm; D – E, 500 µm; F – I, 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270438/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
H). Metatarsi I and II with dorsal macrosetae linearly arranged, sub-equal in size (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB04F18D1FB3E93AA" box="[1108,1183,1153,1178]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1752,1774]" captionTargetBox="[173,1413,205,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[158,1428,193,1731]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Gelanor altithorax, Male (A – I, LB 308); A – C, Habitus; D – E, Cephalothorax; F – I, right legs. A, Dorsal. B, Lateral. C, Ventral. D, Frontal view. E, Lateral view. F, Prolateral. G, Retrolateral. H, Tibiae I and II, dorsal. I, Metatarsi I and II, dorsal. Scale bars, A – C, 1 mm; D – E, 500 µm; F – I, 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270438/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Fig.
<date id="BA29100CFFF82E7DB08B18D1FB3E93AA" box="[1168,1183,1153,1178]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">6</date>
</figureCitation>
I), absent in females. Metatarsus I with four long prolateral macrosetae (Prol-mt-I); metatarsus II with three prolateral macrosetae (Prolmt-II); these long macrosetae are intercalated by a series of shorter macrosetae (7–10 short macrosetae in between two long macrosetae). Each series of shorter macrosetae gradually increase in length from the proximal to the distal end. Although the number of long prolateral macrosetae in metatarsi I and II is the same across all
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFF82E7DB0FB1942FA9C921A" box="[1248,1341,1298,1322]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFF82E7DB0FB1942FA9C921A" box="[1248,1341,1298,1322]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, the number of short macrosetae in between these long macrosetae varies among specimens of the same species and even in the same individual this number may differ between left and right leg.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFF82E7DB4DC192EFA84915E" blockId="10.[151,1437,973,2006]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFF82E7DB4DC192EFDEC92A6" box="[199,589,1406,1430]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Spinnerets and epiandrous fusules.</emphasis>
ALS (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB68C192DFD4792A6" box="[663,742,1405,1430]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1306,1328]" captionTargetBox="[247,1343,198,1278]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[236,1350,193,1285]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 18. Gelanor consequus. Male (LB 41). A, Fovea. B, Fang and peg teeth. C, Epiandrous spigots. D, Detail of epiandrous spigots. E, Spinnerets, general view. F, left ALS. G, ALS detail showing the MoPi (*). H, left PMS. I, left PLS." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270450/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
F) with a MAP, a nubbin, more than 40 piriform gland spigots (Pi) and two very distinctive spigots that are of a different shape than the other Pi (modified Pi spigots (MoPi,
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB17E19F1FF1092EE" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1306,1328]" captionTargetBox="[247,1343,198,1278]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[236,1350,193,1285]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 18. Gelanor consequus. Male (LB 41). A, Fovea. B, Fang and peg teeth. C, Epiandrous spigots. D, Detail of epiandrous spigots. E, Spinnerets, general view. F, left ALS. G, ALS detail showing the MoPi (*). H, left PMS. I, left PLS." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270450/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 18</figureCitation>
F–G)
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFF82E7DB4EE1997FE9292EE" box="[245,307,1479,1502]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sensu</emphasis>
Townley et al. (2013)). These modified spigots are conical, wider and with larger openings than the Pi spigots. PMS with four aciniform gland spigots (Ac), one minor ampullate gland spigot (mAP), a tartipore and a nubbin (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB4EE1A5DFEE99116" box="[245,328,1549,1574]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1306,1328]" captionTargetBox="[247,1343,198,1278]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[236,1350,193,1285]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 18. Gelanor consequus. Male (LB 41). A, Fovea. B, Fang and peg teeth. C, Epiandrous spigots. D, Detail of epiandrous spigots. E, Spinnerets, general view. F, left ALS. G, ALS detail showing the MoPi (*). H, left PMS. I, left PLS." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270450/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
H). PLS with ca. 20 Ac (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB67D1A5DFD1B9116" box="[614,698,1549,1574]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1306,1328]" captionTargetBox="[247,1343,198,1278]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[236,1350,193,1285]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 18. Gelanor consequus. Male (LB 41). A, Fovea. B, Fang and peg teeth. C, Epiandrous spigots. D, Detail of epiandrous spigots. E, Spinnerets, general view. F, left ALS. G, ALS detail showing the MoPi (*). H, left PMS. I, left PLS." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270450/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Fig.
<date id="BA29100CFFF82E7DB6871A5EFD1B9116" box="[668,698,1550,1574]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1918-01">18</date>
</figureCitation>
I). Epiandrous fusules distributed in a transverse line and leveled with the surrounding cuticle. The fusules are inside pits, each one of them containing between one and four fusules. The posterior edge of the epiandrous area appears swollen when compared with the surrounding cuticle.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFF82E7CB4DC1A2AFB1A96B8" blockId="10.[151,1437,973,2006]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,392]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFF82E7DB4DC1A2AFEA291A2" box="[199,259,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Palp.</emphasis>
Palp length between 7.8 and
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and 1.86 to 2.41 times the body length. The tarsus is rotated, therefore the cymbium is prolateral and the bulb is retrolateral in a forward-extended pedipalp. All segments of the palp are similar in width, with the distal end of the tibia wider. Macrosetae present on the tibia as follows: dorsal side with three long (ca.
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) macrosetae, placed in a row, equidistant one from the other and towards its distal end (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB4D51B59FEB09012" box="[206,273,1801,1826]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1873,1895]" captionTargetBox="[170,1414,466,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[156,1430,447,1851]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Palp and epigynum showing the morphological terms used." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270436/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
A); ca. 14 short setae on the tibia (approximately half the length of the bulb) surrounding the palpal bulb and two long setae pointing backwards. Promarginal and retromarginal edges of the cymbium are sclerotized with the retromarginal edge much more sclerotized and darker (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB75D1B01FC2F905A" box="[838,910,1873,1898]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1873,1895]" captionTargetBox="[170,1414,466,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[156,1430,447,1851]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Palp and epigynum showing the morphological terms used." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270436/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
C). Macrosetae present on the cymbium with higher density on the apex and the lower half (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB6861B25FD4190BE" box="[669,736,1909,1934]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1873,1895]" captionTargetBox="[170,1414,466,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[156,1430,447,1851]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Palp and epigynum showing the morphological terms used." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270436/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
E). Cymbium bearing a flap along its retrolateral margin (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF82E7DB17F1B25FF079082" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1873,1895]" captionTargetBox="[170,1414,466,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[156,1430,447,1851]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Palp and epigynum showing the morphological terms used." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270436/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
C, E); this flap varies in shape across species and therefore is useful for species identification. Paracymbium integral (continuous with the cymbium and not attached to it by means of a membrane), with a concave shape, darker than the cymbium; the paracymbium can have one of its margins attached to one of the edges of the cymbial flap, forming and “L” shaped with the cymbial retromargin (most
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFF92E7CB7D01CECFB8997E4" box="[971,1064,188,212]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFF92E7CB7D01CECFB8997E4" box="[971,1064,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species,
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF92E7CB0851CECFB4897E4" box="[1182,1257,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1873,1895]" captionTargetBox="[170,1414,466,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[156,1430,447,1851]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Palp and epigynum showing the morphological terms used." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270436/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
C) or be more conspicuous, having a triangular concave shape and be detached and shifted towards the apex (
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFF92E7CB0DB1CB0FAEF97C8" box="[1216,1358,224,248]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="altithorax">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFF92E7CB0DB1CB0FAEF97C8" box="[1216,1358,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">G. altithorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFF92E7CB19F1CB0FF4B962C" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fortuna">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFF92E7CB19F1CB0FF4B962C" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">G. fortuna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF92E7CB4E31D54FEE2962C" box="[248,323,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1175,1197]" captionTargetBox="[239,1346,229,1123]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[226,1360,215,1137]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Gelanor altithorax, male left palp (LB 308). A, Prolateral. B, Dorsal. C, Retrolateral. D, Ventral. Scale bars, 500 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270439/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
C and 23G respectively); tegulum sclerotized, ring-like shaped. Conductor connected to tegulum by means of a membrane (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF92E7CB5BB1D77FE4F9670" box="[416,494,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[247,1350,193,1794]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[231,1360,181,1806]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Schematic drawings of Gelanor male palps (drawn after right palps; reversed to show as left palps), G. latus (A – D); G. consequus, partially expanded with KOH (E – G). A, Ectoventral view; arrow points to alveolar cavity. B, Tegular division, proximal (basal) view; arrow points to partially collapsed membranous sac (due to methyl salicylate treatment). C, Proximal (basal) view; arrow points to embolus base-tegulum sclerotized hinge. D, Detail of embolus base-tegulum connection (right pointing arrow, membranous connection; left pointing arrow, sclerotized connection). E, Ectoventral view; bottom pointing arrow, embolus; up pointing arrow, conductor (part). F, Mesal view arrow, embolus base. G, Ectal view; arrow, embolus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270437/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
B, F), its apex sclerotized and darker than its base (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF92E7CB02F1D77FB209670" box="[1076,1153,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[247,1350,193,1794]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[231,1360,181,1806]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Schematic drawings of Gelanor male palps (drawn after right palps; reversed to show as left palps), G. latus (A – D); G. consequus, partially expanded with KOH (E – G). A, Ectoventral view; arrow points to alveolar cavity. B, Tegular division, proximal (basal) view; arrow points to partially collapsed membranous sac (due to methyl salicylate treatment). C, Proximal (basal) view; arrow points to embolus base-tegulum sclerotized hinge. D, Detail of embolus base-tegulum connection (right pointing arrow, membranous connection; left pointing arrow, sclerotized connection). E, Ectoventral view; bottom pointing arrow, embolus; up pointing arrow, conductor (part). F, Mesal view arrow, embolus base. G, Ectal view; arrow, embolus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270437/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
A, E). Median apophysis absent. Embolus conical and connected to tegulum by means of a membrane, heavily sclerotized and black (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF92E7CB17F1D1CFF0496B8" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[247,1350,193,1794]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[231,1360,181,1806]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Schematic drawings of Gelanor male palps (drawn after right palps; reversed to show as left palps), G. latus (A – D); G. consequus, partially expanded with KOH (E – G). A, Ectoventral view; arrow points to alveolar cavity. B, Tegular division, proximal (basal) view; arrow points to partially collapsed membranous sac (due to methyl salicylate treatment). C, Proximal (basal) view; arrow points to embolus base-tegulum sclerotized hinge. D, Detail of embolus base-tegulum connection (right pointing arrow, membranous connection; left pointing arrow, sclerotized connection). E, Ectoventral view; bottom pointing arrow, embolus; up pointing arrow, conductor (part). F, Mesal view arrow, embolus base. G, Ectal view; arrow, embolus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270437/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
A, E). Cymbial tarsal organ base diameter smaller than base of nearby setae (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFF92E7CB01E1D3FFBFF96B8" box="[1029,1118,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[242,1339,209,1800]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[226,1360,193,1818]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 17. Gelanor consequus, male (LB 41), left palp, SEM. A, Dorsal. B, Apical. C, Ventral. D, Prolateral. E, Retrolateral view expanded. F, Apical, conductor detail. G, Tarsal organ. Scale bars, A – E, 100 µm; F, 30 µm; G, 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270449/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 17</figureCitation>
G, 28F).
</paragraph>
<caption id="9AE86644FFF92E7CB48C1B01FCD39057" box="[151,882,1873,1895]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270436/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" targetBox="[170,1414,466,1850]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFF92E7CB48C1B01FCD39057" blockId="11.[151,882,1873,1895]" box="[151,882,1873,1895]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFF92E7CB48C1B01FEAD9056" bold="true" box="[151,268,1873,1895]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
. Palp and
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFF92E7CB56C1B01FE7D9057" box="[375,476,1873,1895]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Epigynum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="11" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">epigynum</taxonomicName>
showing the morphological terms used.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="9AE86644FFFE2E7BB48C1B4EFF5590DC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270437/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" targetBox="[247,1350,193,1794]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFFE2E7BB48C1B4EFF5590DC" blockId="12.[151,1436,1822,2028]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFE2E7BB48C1B4EFEAC9004" bold="true" box="[151,269,1822,1844]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
. Schematic drawings of
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFE2E7BB6101B4EFDFE9004" box="[523,607,1822,1844]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFE2E7BB6101B4EFDFE9004" box="[523,607,1822,1844]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male palps (drawn after right palps; reversed to show as left palps),
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFE2E7BB13B1B4FFACC9004" box="[1312,1389,1822,1844]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Eurymachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFE2E7BB13B1B4FFACC9004" box="[1312,1389,1822,1844]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">G. latus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(A– D);
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFE2E7BB4D81B6EFEED9063" box="[195,332,1854,1875]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="consequus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFE2E7BB4D81B6EFEED9063" box="[195,332,1854,1875]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">G. consequus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, partially expanded with KOH (E–G). A, Ectoventral view; arrow points to alveolar cavity. B, Tegular division, proximal (basal) view; arrow points to partially collapsed membranous sac (due to methyl salicylate treatment). C, Proximal (basal) view; arrow points to embolus base-tegulum sclerotized hinge. D, Detail of embolus base-tegulum connection (right pointing arrow, membranous connection; left pointing arrow, sclerotized connection). E, Ectoventral view; bottom pointing arrow, embolus; up pointing arrow, conductor (part). F, Mesal view arrow, embolus base. G, Ectal view; arrow, embolus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFFF2E7AB48C1CC7FF4B9780" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,234,151,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Female</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFFF2E7AB48C1CECFEE89699" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB48C1CECFE9597E3" box="[151,308,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Leg spination</emphasis>
. Femora with one to three scattered dorsal macrosetae subequal in size. Tibia I with seven long prolateral macrosetae; tibia II with five long prolateral macrosetae; metatarsus I with four prolateral macrosetae with and metatarsus II with three prolateral macrosetae. As in males, the long macrosetae are intercalated by a series of shorter macrosetae increasingly longer from the proximal to the distal end. The series of long and short prolateral macrosetae of tibiae I and II are absent in males. Number of short macrosetae on each series between two long macrosetae varies across specimens of the same species and in some cases between left and right legs of the same specimen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFFF2E7AB4DC1DE4FB81956A" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB4DC1DE4FEE296FB" box="[199,323,436,459]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Spinnerets.</emphasis>
ALS with a MAP, nubbin and ca. 90 Pi (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFFF2E7AB7021DE3FCCA96FC" box="[793,875,435,460]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1302,1324]" captionTargetBox="[198,1379,194,1261]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[188,1398,194,1281]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 10. Gelanor altithorax, female spinnerets (LB 317). A, left ALS. B, left PMS. C, left PLS. D, detail of Cy on PLS. Scale bars, A – C, G, 200 µm; F, H, I, L, 100 µm; E, A, C: 10 µm; B, 3 µm; D, 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270442/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
A) PMS (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFFF2E7AB7C21DE3FB8A96FC" box="[985,1067,435,460]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1302,1324]" captionTargetBox="[198,1379,194,1261]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[188,1398,194,1281]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 10. Gelanor altithorax, female spinnerets (LB 317). A, left ALS. B, left PMS. C, left PLS. D, detail of Cy on PLS. Scale bars, A – C, G, 200 µm; F, H, I, L, 100 µm; E, A, C: 10 µm; B, 3 µm; D, 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270442/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
B) with 4–5 Ac, an anterior Cyl, posterior mAP and nubbin. PLS with ca. 19 Ac and two Cyl (one anterior and one posterior). Cyl with long and wide base, almost equal in size to the shaft. Cyl shaft grooved, conically shaped, its base wider than its distal end; the diameter of the Cyl opening is almost as the total diameter of its apex. (e.g.
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFFF2E7AB0011E4DFBD69506" box="[1050,1143,541,566]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1302,1324]" captionTargetBox="[198,1379,194,1261]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[188,1398,194,1281]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 10. Gelanor altithorax, female spinnerets (LB 317). A, left ALS. B, left PMS. C, left PLS. D, detail of Cy on PLS. Scale bars, A – C, G, 200 µm; F, H, I, L, 100 µm; E, A, C: 10 µm; B, 3 µm; D, 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270442/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
B, 30O). PMS Cyl similar in morphology to PLS Cyl. Aggregate and flagelliform silk gland spigots absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFFF2E7AB4DC1E36FD4D9333" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB4DC1E36FE98954D" box="[199,313,614,637]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Epigynum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB4DC1E36FE98954D" box="[199,313,614,637]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Epigynum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB5531E34FE1D954D" box="[328,444,612,637]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Epigynum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Epigynum</taxonomicName>
with a longitudinal septum that varies in shape and width across species and separates two pit-like copulatory openings that are ventrally oriented (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFFF2E7AB7201ED8FCDF9591" box="[827,894,648,673]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1873,1895]" captionTargetBox="[170,1414,466,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[156,1430,447,1851]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Palp and epigynum showing the morphological terms used." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270436/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
F). The septum is not as evident in
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB1131ED9FA3D9590" box="[1288,1436,649,672]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="consequus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB1131ED9FAB89590" box="[1288,1305,649,672]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB13C1ED9FA3D9590" box="[1319,1436,649,672]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">consequus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as in the other
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB5481EFCFE1195F4" box="[339,432,684,708]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB5481EFCFE1195F4" box="[339,432,684,708]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. Anterior lateral lobes on each side of the septum, darker and covering the copulatory openings (absent in
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB60E1E80FD0E95D7" box="[533,687,720,743]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="consequus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB60E1E80FD0E95D7" box="[533,687,720,743]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. consequus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Copulatory openings ventrally oriented and circular shaped. Spermathecae (
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFFF2E7AB55E1EA3FE28943B" box="[325,393,755,780]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1873,1895]" captionTargetBox="[170,1414,466,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[156,1430,447,1851]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Palp and epigynum showing the morphological terms used." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270436/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
G) spherical (
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB63D1EA3FD15943B" box="[550,692,755,779]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="altithorax">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB63D1EA3FD15943B" box="[550,692,755,779]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. altithorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB6DF1EA3FC95943B" box="[708,820,755,779]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. f o r t u n a</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB75C1EA3FC50943B" box="[839,1009,755,779]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="innominatus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB75C1EA3FC50943B" box="[839,1009,755,779]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. innominatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB01A1EA3FBF9943B" box="[1025,1112,755,779]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Eurymachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB01A1EA3FBF9943B" box="[1025,1112,755,779]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. latus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB0731EA3FAD9943B" box="[1128,1400,755,779]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB0731EA3FB4C943B" box="[1128,1261,755,779]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siquirres">G. siquirres</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB0E11EA3FAD9943B" box="[1274,1400,755,779]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="waorani">G. waorani</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB1931EA3FF4D941E" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zonatus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB1931EA3FF4D941E" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G zonatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), oval (
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB55C1F47FE07941E" box="[327,422,791,814]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juruti">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB55C1F47FE07941E" box="[327,422,791,814]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. juruti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or in the shape of an interrogation sign (
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB79D1F47FBBB941E" box="[902,1050,791,814]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="consequus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB79D1F47FBBB941E" box="[902,1050,791,814]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. consequus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Spermathecae can be externally fused (
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB4F31F6AFDD09461" box="[232,625,826,850]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. i n n o m i n a t u s, G. j u r u t i, G. l a t u s</emphasis>
) or separated less than one spermathecae diameter (
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB0FB1F6AFAD39462" box="[1248,1394,826,850]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="altithorax">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB0FB1F6AFAD39462" box="[1248,1394,826,850]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. altithorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB19F1F6AFCE99445" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB19F1F6AFEAE9445" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="consequus">G. consequus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB5051F0EFE369445" box="[286,407,861,885]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fortuna">G. fortuna</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB5BD1F0EFD8C9445" box="[422,557,862,885]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siquirres">G. siquirres</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB6251F0EFD619445" box="[574,704,862,885]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="waorani">G. waorani</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB6CB1F0EFCE99445" box="[720,840,862,885]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zonatus">G. zonatus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
). Spermathecal walls sclerotized; accessory glands clustered with its base diameter between one and two times less than the duct diameter. Copulatory ducts originate anteriorly, are less than a half of the spermathecae in length, rigid and sclerotized. Fertilization ducts originate posteriorly, are less than half the spermathecae in length and are slightly curved. Copulatory plugs were observed in the copulatory openings of
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB5FD1FBBFD9A9333" box="[486,571,1003,1027]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Eurymachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB5FD1FBBFD9A9333" box="[486,571,1003,1027]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. latus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB66A1FBBFD449333" box="[625,741,1003,1027]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zonatus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB66A1FBBFD449333" box="[625,741,1003,1027]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. zonatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="868D6547FFFF2E7AB4DC185EFC7D93E7" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFFF2E7AB4DC185EFC7D93E7" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB4DC185EFE299317" bold="true" box="[199,392,1038,1063]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Natural history.</emphasis>
Unfortunately, very little is known on the natural history of
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB050185EFB069316" box="[1099,1191,1038,1062]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB050185EFB069316" box="[1099,1191,1038,1062]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB0A3185EFAB49316" box="[1208,1301,1038,1062]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB0A3185EFAB49316" box="[1208,1301,1038,1062]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are found between sea level and
<quantity id="096F9B29FFFF2E7AB5F51862FDEE937A" box="[494,591,1074,1099]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="1600.0">1,600 m</quantity>
, primarily in tropical rain forests, or cloud forests. Most of the
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB1251862FA3A937A" box="[1342,1435,1074,1098]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB1251862FA3A937A" box="[1342,1435,1074,1098]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens collected and photographed by us were found in the understory, sitting on a few silk lines on the reverse side of leaves of plants up to one meter with large leaves (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB74E1829FC6F93A1" box="[853,974,1145,1169]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
), or on shrubs up to two meters, although based on the material examined,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB61D18CDFDC29385" box="[518,611,1181,1205]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB61D18CDFDC29385" box="[518,611,1181,1205]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species can be found also in the canopy.
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB03518CDFB2A9385" box="[1070,1163,1181,1205]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB03518CDFB2A9385" box="[1070,1163,1181,1205]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species have a crab-like laterigrade posture, in which the prolateral side of the legs I and II face up.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="868D6547FFFF2E7AB4DC18B3FAF891B2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFFF2E7AB4DC18B3FF5A92E1" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB4DC18B3FEF893CC" bold="true" box="[199,345,1251,1276]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Distribution</emphasis>
. Northeast
<collectingCountry id="B680765CFFFF2E7AB5FB18B3FD9493CC" box="[480,565,1251,1276]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Mexico</collectingCountry>
to southern
<collectingCountry id="B680765CFFFF2E7AB6D318B4FC8B93CC" box="[712,810,1252,1276]" name="Uruguay" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFFF2E7AB72718B3FC2293CC" box="[828,899,1251,1276]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1352,1374]" captionTargetBox="[213,1365,193,1330]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[213,1373,193,1331]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Distribution records of Gelanor species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270434/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB78118B3FC5993CB" box="[922,1016,1251,1275]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB78118B3FC5993CB" box="[922,1016,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are found exclusively in the Neotropics. No
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB5521957FE07922F" box="[329,422,1287,1311]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB5521957FE07922F" box="[329,422,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are found in southern South
<collectingCountry id="B680765CFFFF2E7AB75F1956FC05922F" box="[836,932,1286,1311]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">America</collectingCountry>
or in the Nearctic region, most probably due to ecological barriers (
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFF2E7AB581197BFD579273" author="Sanmartin" box="[410,758,1322,1347]" pageId="13" pageNumber="72" refString="Sanmartin, I. &amp; Ronquist, F. (2004) Southern hemisphere biogeography inferred by event-based models: plant versus animal patterns. Systematic Biology, 53 (2), 216 - 243. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 10635150490423430" type="journal article" year="2004">Sanmartín and Ronquist 2004</bibRefCitation>
). Although most of the species of
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB09C197AFB459272" box="[1159,1252,1322,1346]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB09C197AFB459272" box="[1159,1252,1322,1346]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seem to have a restricted distribution rage (which might be an artifact due to insufficient sampling), three species, are widely distributed (
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB5051922FE1192B9" box="[286,432,1394,1417]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="consequus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB5051922FE1192B9" box="[286,432,1394,1417]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. consequus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB5A51922FDB392B9" box="[446,530,1393,1417]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Eurymachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB5A51922FDB392B9" box="[446,530,1393,1417]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. latus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB6531922FD1B92B9" box="[584,698,1394,1417]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zonatus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB6531922FD1B92B9" box="[584,698,1394,1417]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. zonatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFFF2E7AB6D21921FCBF92BA" box="[713,798,1393,1418]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[246,1329,1280,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[246,1347,1222,1936]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 22. Distribution map of records of Gelanor consequus and its junior synonyms. Red shapes represent type localities. Blue circles represent new records for the species. Red star, G. consequus; red hexagon, G. depressus (new synonymy); red square, G. gertschi (new synonymy); red triangle, G. heraldicus (new synonymy)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270454/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 22</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFFF2E7AB7321922FCE492BA" box="[809,837,1394,1418]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="51.[151,250,950,972]" captionTargetBox="[151,1409,193,928]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[151,1436,193,928]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 42. Distribution records of G. latus and its junior synonyms. Red shapes represents type localities and blue circles other localities for the species. Red circle, G. latus; red star, G. mabelae (new synonymy); red square, G. mixtus (new synonymy); red triangle, G. ornatus (new synonymy); red hexagon, G. proximus (new synonymy)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270474/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">42</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="56AC2A49FFFF2E7AB7611921FC3792BA" box="[890,918,1393,1418]" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="69.[151,250,1314,1336]" captionTargetBox="[174,1402,193,1292]" captionTargetId="figure@69.[174,1413,193,1293]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURE 57. Distribution records of Gelanor zonatus and its junior synonyms. Red shapes represent type localities and blue circles other localities for the species. Red star, G. distinctus (new synonymy); red square, G. insularis (new synonymy); red triangle, G. obscurus (new synonymy)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270489/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">57</figureCitation>
respectively). Based on the specimens that we have studied,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB52319C5FE0E929C" box="[312,431,1429,1452]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zonatus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB52319C5FE0E929C" box="[312,431,1429,1452]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. zonatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB62419C5FD3D929D" box="[575,668,1429,1453]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB62419C5FD3D929D" box="[575,668,1429,1453]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
found on islands, with a record from Port of
<collectingCountry id="B680765CFFFF2E7AB0AD19C4FB57929D" box="[1206,1270,1428,1453]" name="Spain" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Spain</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="B680765CFFFF2E7AB11319C4FF5192E1" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Trinidad and Tobago</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFFF2E7AB4DC198BFAF891B2" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB4DC198BFECB92C4" bold="true" box="[199,362,1499,1524]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Phylogenetics</emphasis>
. The monophyly of
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB656198CFD0B92C4" box="[589,682,1500,1524]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB656198CFD0B92C4" box="[589,682,1500,1524]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is supported by the following putative synapomorphies: laterigrade legs; fovea well marked, semicircular and transversal; abdomen with two white to light yellow round or oval spots with dark red–brown margins, located on the anterior part of the abdomen, which is wider anteriorly; male palp approximately twice the total body length; embolus conical, dark with a thick base; cymbium bearing a flap that is less sclerotized than the rest of the cymbium;
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB6831A39FCA991B2" box="[664,776,1641,1666]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Epigynum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">epigynum</taxonomicName>
with a medial septum and rounded genital openings.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="868D6547FFFF2E7AB4DC1ADCFEF990D5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
<paragraph id="CE2836CCFFFF2E7AB4DC1ADCFEF990D5" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB4DC1ADCFEFE9195" bold="true" box="[199,351,1676,1701]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Composition</emphasis>
. The genus
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB5E31ADDFDF79195" box="[504,598,1677,1701]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB5E31ADDFDF79195" box="[504,598,1677,1701]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
groups ten species:
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB7561ADDFBAB9195" box="[845,1034,1677,1701]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fortuna" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB7561ADDFBAB9195" box="[845,1034,1677,1701]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor fortuna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB00E1ADCFB059195" bold="true" box="[1045,1188,1676,1701]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7D057A5FFFF2E7AB00E1ADCFB059195" box="[1045,1188,1676,1701]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB0A31ADDFAFE9195" box="[1208,1375,1677,1701]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juruti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB0A31ADDFAFE9195" box="[1208,1375,1677,1701]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor juruti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB1771ADCFF4B91F9" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7D057A5FFFF2E7AB1771ADCFF4B91F9" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB4E41AE0FE5591F8" box="[255,500,1712,1736]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moyobamba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB4E41AE0FE5591F8" box="[255,500,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor moyobamba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB6191AE0FD3291F9" bold="true" box="[514,659,1712,1737]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7D057A5FFFF2E7AB6191AE0FD3291F9" box="[514,659,1712,1737]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB6B21AE0FCD991F8" box="[681,888,1712,1736]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siquirres" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB6B21AE0FCD991F8" box="[681,888,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor siquirres</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB79E1AE0FBB791F9" bold="true" box="[901,1046,1712,1737]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7D057A5FFFF2E7AB79E1AE0FBB791F9" box="[901,1046,1712,1737]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB0371AE0FB5491F8" box="[1068,1269,1712,1736]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="waorani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB0371AE0FB5491F8" box="[1068,1269,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor waorani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB11F1AE0FA3491F9" bold="true" box="[1284,1429,1712,1737]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7D057A5FFFF2E7AB11F1AE0FA3491F9" box="[1284,1429,1712,1737]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB48C1A84FD9891DC" authority="Keyserling, 1893" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1893" box="[151,569,1748,1773]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="altithorax">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB48C1A84FECA91DC" box="[151,363,1748,1772]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor altithorax</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFF2E7AB56E1A84FD9891DC" author="Keyserling" box="[373,569,1748,1773]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71" refString="Keyserling, E. (1893) Die Spinnen Amerikas. Epeiridae. 4. Verlag von Bauer &amp; Raspe (E. Kuster), 169 pp. [pp. 209 - 377]" type="book chapter" year="1893">Keyserling, 1893</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB67F1A84FC0191DC" authority="Soares, 1941" authorityName="Soares" authorityYear="1941" box="[612,928,1748,1772]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanei">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB67F1A84FCA291DC" box="[612,771,1748,1772]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor lanei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFF2E7AB7171A84FC0191DC" author="Soares" box="[780,928,1748,1772]" pageId="13" pageNumber="72" refString="Soares, B. A. M. (1941) Algumas aranhas novas do Brasil. Papeis Avulsos do Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria de Agricultura, Sao Paolo, 1, 255 - 270." type="journal article" year="1941">Soares, 1941</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB7B21A84FBFD91DD" bold="true" box="[937,1116,1748,1773]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7D057A5FFFF2E7AB7B21A84FBFD91DD" box="[937,1116,1748,1773]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">new synonymy</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
),
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB06D1A84FAF391DC" box="[1142,1362,1748,1772]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="consequus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB06D1A84FAF391DC" box="[1142,1362,1748,1772]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor consequus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
O. P.- Cambridge, 1902 (=
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB59B1AA7FCBB9020" authority="Chickering, 1956" authorityName="Chickering" authorityYear="1956" box="[384,794,1783,1808]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB59B1AA7FDF0903F" box="[384,593,1783,1807]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor depressus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFF2E7AB6431AA7FCBB9020" author="Chickering" box="[600,794,1783,1808]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71" refString="Chickering, A. M. (1956) Three new species of Mimetidae (Araneae) from Panama. Breviora, 57, 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1956">Chickering, 1956</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB73A1AA7FC719020" bold="true" box="[801,976,1783,1808]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7D057A5FFFF2E7AB73A1AA7FC719020" box="[801,976,1783,1808]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">new synonymy</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB7C61AA7FAC49020" authority="Chickering, 1947" authorityName="Chickering" authorityYear="1947" box="[989,1381,1783,1808]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gertschi">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB7C61AA7FB3D903F" box="[989,1180,1783,1807]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor gertschi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFF2E7AB0B81AA7FAC49020" author="Chickering" box="[1187,1381,1783,1808]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71" refString="Chickering, A. M. (1947) The Mimetidae (Araneae) of Panama. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 66, 221 - 248. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3223388" type="journal article" year="1947">Chickering, 1947</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB1771AA7FEB09004" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7D057A5FFFF2E7AB1771AA7FEB09004" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">new synonymy</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB55D1B4BFCA99004" authority="Petrunkevitch, 1925" authorityName="Petrunkevitch" authorityYear="1925" box="[326,776,1819,1844]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heraldicus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB55D1B4BFD819003" box="[326,544,1819,1843]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor heraldicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFF2E7AB63C1B4BFCA99004" author="Petrunkevitch" box="[551,776,1819,1844]" pageId="13" pageNumber="72" refString="Petrunkevitch, A. (1925) Arachnida from Panama. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 27, 51 - 248." type="journal article" year="1925">Petrunkevitch, 1925</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB7141B4BFC1F9004" bold="true" box="[783,958,1819,1844]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7D057A5FFFF2E7AB7141B4BFC1F9004" box="[783,958,1819,1844]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">new synonymy</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
),
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB7CD1B4BFA399004" authority="Chamberlin, 1916" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1916" box="[982,1432,1819,1844]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="innominatus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB7CD1B4BFB659003" box="[982,1220,1819,1843]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor innominatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFF2E7AB0D01B4BFA399004" author="Chamberlin" box="[1227,1432,1819,1844]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71" refString="Chamberlin, R. V. (1916) Results of the Yale Peruvian Expedition of 1911. The Arachnida. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 60, 177 - 299." type="journal article" year="1916">Chamberlin, 1916</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB48C1B6EFDB79067" authority="Keyserling, 1881" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,534,1854,1879]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB48C1B6EFE949066" box="[151,309,1854,1878]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor latus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFF2E7AB55C1B6EFDAF9067" author="Keyserling" box="[327,526,1854,1879]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71" refString="Keyserling, E. (1881) Neue Spinnen aus Amerika. II. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 30, 547 - 582." type="journal article" year="1881">Keyserling, 1881</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB65F1B6EFD549066" box="[580,757,1854,1878]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mixtus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB65F1B6EFD549066" box="[580,757,1854,1878]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor mixtus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
O. P.-
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFF2E7AB7241B6EFBA69067" author="Cambridge" box="[831,1031,1854,1879]" pageId="13" pageNumber="72" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, O. (1899) Arachnida. Araneida. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana, Zoology, 1, pp. 289 - 304." type="journal article" year="1899">Cambridge, 1899</bibRefCitation>
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB0091B6EFB629067" bold="true" box="[1042,1219,1854,1879]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">new synonymy</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB0CE1B6EFEFB904A" authority="Chickering, 1947" authorityName="Chickering" authorityYear="1947" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mabelae">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB0CE1B6EFA3D9066" box="[1237,1436,1854,1878]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor mabelae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFF2E7AB48C1B31FEFB904A" author="Chickering" box="[151,346,1889,1914]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71" refString="Chickering, A. M. (1947) The Mimetidae (Araneae) of Panama. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 66, 221 - 248. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3223388" type="journal article" year="1947">Chickering, 1947</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB57A1B31FDB1904A" bold="true" box="[353,528,1889,1914]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7D057A5FFFF2E7AB57A1B31FDB1904A" box="[353,528,1889,1914]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">new synonymy</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB6051B32FC2C904A" authority="Schenkel, 1953" authorityName="Schenkel" authorityYear="1953" box="[542,909,1889,1914]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornatus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB6051B32FD799049" box="[542,728,1890,1914]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor ornatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFF2E7AB6FB1B31FC2C904A" author="Schenkel" box="[736,909,1889,1914]" pageId="13" pageNumber="72" refString="Schenkel, E. (1953) Bericht uber eingie Spinnentiere aus Venezuela. Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel, 64, 1 - 57" type="journal article" year="1953">Schenkel, 1953</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB78F1B31FBE7904A" bold="true" box="[916,1094,1889,1914]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7D057A5FFFF2E7AB78F1B31FBE7904A" box="[916,1094,1889,1914]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">new synonymy</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB0671B32FAE99049" box="[1148,1352,1890,1914]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proximus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB0671B32FAE99049" box="[1148,1352,1890,1914]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor proximus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mello-
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFF2E7AB48C1BD5FE8590AE" author="Leitao" box="[151,292,1925,1950]" pageId="13" pageNumber="72" refString="Mello-Leitao, C. F. de (1929) Mimetideos do Brasil. Revista do Museu Paulista, 16, 537 - 568." type="journal article" year="1929">Leitão, 1929</bibRefCitation>
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB5311BD5FE7B90AE" bold="true" box="[298,474,1925,1950]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">new synonymy</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB6021BD5FC0790AE" authority="C.L. Koch, 1845" authorityName="C.L. Koch" authorityYear="1845" box="[537,934,1925,1950]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zonatus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB6021BD5FD7290AD" box="[537,723,1925,1949]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor zonatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFF2E7AB6F91BD6FC3F90AE" author="Koch" box="[738,926,1925,1950]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71" refString="Koch, C. L. (1845) Die Arachniden. Zwolfter Band. In der C. H. Zeh'schen Buchhandlung, Nurnberg, 166 pp." type="book" year="1845">C.L. Koch, 1845</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB7D71BD5FB3A90AD" box="[972,1179,1925,1949]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB7D71BD5FB3A90AD" box="[972,1179,1925,1949]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor distinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
O-P.
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFF2E7AB0C11BD5FA3D90AE" author="Cambridge" box="[1242,1436,1925,1950]" pageId="13" pageNumber="72" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, O. (1899) Arachnida. Araneida. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana, Zoology, 1, pp. 289 - 304." type="journal article" year="1899">Cambridge, 1899</bibRefCitation>
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB48C1BF8FEE790F1" bold="true" box="[151,326,1960,1985]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">new synonymy</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB54E1BF9FD5F90F1" authority="Mello-Leitao, 1929" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1929" box="[341,766,1960,1985]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB54E1BF9FDBD90F1" box="[341,540,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor insularis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFF2E7AB63F1BF8FD5F90F1" author="Mello-Leitao" box="[548,766,1960,1985]" pageId="13" pageNumber="72" refString="Mello-Leitao, C. F. de (1929) Mimetideos do Brasil. Revista do Museu Paulista, 16, 537 - 568." type="journal article" year="1929">Mello-Leitão, 1929</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB71D1BF8FC1990F1" bold="true" box="[774,952,1960,1985]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7D057A5FFFF2E7AB71D1BF8FC1990F1" box="[774,952,1960,1985]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">new synonymy</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="09974D4FFFFF2E7AB7F41BF9FA3D90F1" authority="Mello-Leitao, 1929" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1929" box="[1007,1436,1960,1985]" class="Arachnida" family="Mimetidae" genus="Gelanor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurus">
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB7F41BF9FB1B90F1" box="[1007,1210,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gelanor obscurus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA064B3DFFFF2E7AB0DA1BF8FA3D90F1" author="Mello-Leitao" box="[1217,1436,1960,1985]" pageId="13" pageNumber="72" refString="Mello-Leitao, C. F. de (1929) Mimetideos do Brasil. Revista do Museu Paulista, 16, 537 - 568." type="journal article" year="1929">Mello-Leitão, 1929</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FCE3EADEFFFF2E7AB48C1B9CFEE690D5" bold="true" box="[151,327,1996,2021]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7D057A5FFFF2E7AB48C1B9CFEE690D5" box="[151,327,1996,2021]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">new synonymy</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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