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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1124-161" ID-Pensoft-UUID="9EED96A198EF5BE1B29FAA9DA80C5F36" ID-ZooBank="517DD5E896D64D5A99D9086809DB6110" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1124-161" checkinTime="1666056858948" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bento, Matheus, Jameson, Mary Liz &amp; Seidel, Matthias" docDate="2022" docId="1DFAB3780AE1562E85F89A42ED723B33" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1124: 161-189" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1124" docPubDate="2022-10-17" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156" docTitle="Macraspis phallocardia Bento, Jameson, Seidel 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="315D05D9-1487-4BEC-8F7D-730DF26DC6FB" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="9EED96A198EF5BE1B29FAA9DA80C5F36" lastPageNumber="161" masterDocId="9EED96A198EF5BE1B29FAA9DA80C5F36" masterDocTitle="New species and illustrated key of Macraspis (Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini) from the Amazon biome of Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="189" masterPageNumber="161" pageNumber="161" updateTime="1666056858948" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>New species and illustrated key of Macraspis (Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini) from the Amazon biome of Brazil</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bento, Matheus</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9846-9728</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia (INPA), Coordenacao de Biodiversidade, Laboratorio de Sistematica e Ecologia de Coleoptera (LASEC), Manaus, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Jameson, Mary Liz</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3076-2028</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Seidel, Matthias</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4913-8778</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Zweite Zoologische Abteilung, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">matth.seidel@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-10-17</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1124</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>161</mods:start>
<mods:end>189</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1124-161</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">517DD5E896D64D5A99D9086809DB6110</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">9EED96A198EF5BE1B29FAA9DA80C5F36</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="results">
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:315D05D9-1487-4BEC-8F7D-730DF26DC6FB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1DFAB3780AE1562E85F89A42ED723B33" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/315D05D9-1487-4BEC-8F7D-730DF26DC6FB" authority="Bento, Jameson, Seidel" authorityName="Bento, Jameson, Seidel" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macraspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macraspis phallocardia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phallocardia" status="sp. nov.">Macraspis phallocardia Bento, Jameson, Seidel</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="161">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Macraspis spp. (A-O). Lateral and ventral views of pro- and mesothorax of A, B M. morio and D, E M. p. pseudochrysis. Dorsal view of head and anterior portion of pronotum of C M. festiva and F M. c. chloraspis. Anterior view of mesothoracic legs of G M. festiva H M. oblonga I M. p. pseudochrysis and J M. c. chloraspis. Female metatibial spurs of K M. c. chloraspis and L M. phallocardia sp. nov. Anterior view of mesotarsus of M M. p. pseudochrysis N M. c. chloraspis and O M. fernandezi. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758063" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figs 1L</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Comparison of female external genitalia of Macraspis buehrnheimi sp. nov. (A-C) and Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov (D-G). Macraspis buehrnheimi sp. nov. in A ventral B lateral and C dorsal views. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. in D ventral E lateral and F dorsal views. Abbreviations: dgx = distal gonocoxite; pgx = proximal gonocoxite; pct = proctiger; ppt = paraproct. Scale bars: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758067" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">, 5D-G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. (A-G) and Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) (H-J). Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. A holotype male dorsal view B holotype male ventral view C paratype female dorsal view D paratype female ventral view E-G aedeagus of holotype in E dorsal view F caudal view G lateral view. Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) from Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil H aedeagus in dorsal view I caudal view J lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (F, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758072" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">, 10A-G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Comparison of male endophalli of Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) (A-D) and Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. (E-H): Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) in A dorsal view B lateral view D lateral view and C showing detail of lateral sclerite. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. in E dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view and G showing detail of lateral sclerite. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D, E, F, H); 0.2 mm (C, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758073" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">, 11E-H</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Distribution of Brazilian species of Macraspis treated in this publication. The Brazilian Amazon biome is colored lime green. Brazilian states are abbreviated as follows: AC = Acre, AM = Amazonas, AP = Amapa, BA = Bahia, ES = Espirito Santo, GO = Goias, MA = Maranhao, MG = Minas Gerais, MT = Mato Grosso = PA = Piaui, RO = Rondonia, RJ = Rio de Janiero, RR = Roraima, SP = Sao Paulo, TO = Tocantins." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758074" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">, 12</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Type material</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
(4 males, 14 females).
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Holotype</emphasis>
</emphasis>
male deposited at
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">DZUP</emphasis>
, labeled: &quot;Ouro Preto /
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Oeste">d'Oeste</normalizedToken>
, RO / 29-X-1987 / C. Elias, leg&quot; (white, printed) // &quot;Projeto Po / -lonoroeste&quot; (white, printed) // &quot; DZUP / 530600&quot; (white, printed) // &quot;HOLOTYPE / M. phallocardia / M. Bento, det. 2019&quot;.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Paratypes</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Same data as holotype, but 05.IX.1987 (2 ♀, DZUP), 12.IX.1987 (♀, DZUP), 20.IX.1987 (♂, CEMT, ♀, DZUP), 27.IX.1987 (♀, CEMT, ♂, DZUP), 10.X.1987 (♂, INPA, 2 ♀, DZUP), 18.X.1987 (♀, INPA, 2 ♀, DZUP), 13.XI.1987 (2 ♀, DZUP), 19.VIII.1987 (♀, DZUP), 03.X.1987 (♀, DZUP).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
Male: lateral articular areas of tectum thickened and deflected outward (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. (A-G) and Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) (H-J). Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. A holotype male dorsal view B holotype male ventral view C paratype female dorsal view D paratype female ventral view E-G aedeagus of holotype in E dorsal view F caudal view G lateral view. Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) from Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil H aedeagus in dorsal view I caudal view J lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (F, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758072" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">10E</figureCitation>
); paramera in caudal view rounded-oval, with apex rounded to slightly constricted and sides not declivous (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. (A-G) and Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) (H-J). Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. A holotype male dorsal view B holotype male ventral view C paratype female dorsal view D paratype female ventral view E-G aedeagus of holotype in E dorsal view F caudal view G lateral view. Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) from Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil H aedeagus in dorsal view I caudal view J lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (F, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758072" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">10F</figureCitation>
). Female: Females of this species are diagnosed in association with male specimens.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758072" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figure 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bento, Jameson, Seidel" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macraspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macraspis phallocardia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phallocardia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Macraspis phallocardia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A-G</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1789" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macraspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macraspis lateralis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Macraspis lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Olivier, 1789) (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">H-J</emphasis>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bento, Jameson, Seidel" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macraspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macraspis phallocardia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phallocardia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Macraspis phallocardia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A</emphasis>
holotype male dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">B</emphasis>
holotype male ventral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">C</emphasis>
paratype female dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">D</emphasis>
paratype female ventral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">E-G</emphasis>
aedeagus of holotype in
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">E</emphasis>
dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">F</emphasis>
caudal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G</emphasis>
lateral view.
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1789" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macraspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macraspis lateralis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Macraspis lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Olivier, 1789) from Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">H</emphasis>
aedeagus in dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">I</emphasis>
caudal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">J</emphasis>
lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A-D</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">E, G, H, J</emphasis>
); 0.2 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">F, I</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Male holotype</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. (A-G) and Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) (H-J). Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. A holotype male dorsal view B holotype male ventral view C paratype female dorsal view D paratype female ventral view E-G aedeagus of holotype in E dorsal view F caudal view G lateral view. Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) from Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil H aedeagus in dorsal view I caudal view J lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (F, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758072" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">10A, B, E-G</figureCitation>
). Length 11.3 mm, width 6.1 mm. Body rounded-oval.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Coloration</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
General color shiny green with brownish reflections. Pronotum with posterolateral yellow maculae laterally extending to anterior margins.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Vertex sparsely punctate at disc, laterally punctostriate. Frons with slight V-shaped depression, densely punctate, punctures moderate and deep. Interocular width 4 times wider than transverse eye diameter. Clypeus confluently punctate, with anterior margin subtrapezoidal, slightly raised medially.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Pronotum</emphasis>
shallowly and sparsely punctate at disc and moderately punctate anterolaterally, punctures moderate and deep.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Scutellar shield</emphasis>
moderately punctate, longer than elytral suture.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Elytra</emphasis>
2.3 times longer than wide, moderately punctate, punctures large. Posthumeral depression weak. Apical umbone wide and poorly defined.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Pygidium</emphasis>
strongly convex, with concentric sculpturing and moderately punctate posteriorly.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Venter</emphasis>
glabrous, moderately punctate. Mesometaventral process anteriorly directed between procoxae, ventrally flat, with apex abruptly acute in anteroventral view. Mesepimera partially exposed in dorsal view, slightly convex and transversally ridged.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Legs</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Protibia externally tridentate, with proximal tooth well defined. Protarsomere V enlarged, longer than protarsomeres I-IV combined. Anterior protarsal claw enlarged, unequally cleft and obliquely truncated. Mesotibia with internal margin straight, with inner apex not dilated. Mesotarsomere IV with ventroapical projection well developed, thickened and ventrally curved.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Abdomen</emphasis>
with ventrite 6 broadly and slightly emarginated posteriorly.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Aedeagus</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. (A-G) and Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) (H-J). Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. A holotype male dorsal view B holotype male ventral view C paratype female dorsal view D paratype female ventral view E-G aedeagus of holotype in E dorsal view F caudal view G lateral view. Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) from Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil H aedeagus in dorsal view I caudal view J lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (F, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758072" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">10E-G</figureCitation>
). Tectum moderately narrowed towards the apical edge, with lateral articular areas thickened and deflected outward. Paramera in caudal view rounded-oval, with apex parabolic and sides not declivous.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Endophallus</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Comparison of male endophalli of Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) (A-D) and Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. (E-H): Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) in A dorsal view B lateral view D lateral view and C showing detail of lateral sclerite. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. in E dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view and G showing detail of lateral sclerite. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D, E, F, H); 0.2 mm (C, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758073" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">11E-H</figureCitation>
) divided into three portions: one narrow, tube-shaped basal portion; one wide, sac-shaped medial portion; and one hairy, slender apical portion. Medial portion with a large ventral raspula and a small dorsoproximal raspula bearing dense, thin-walled asperites; a dorsodistal raspula bearing an irregular, dense multiple rows of thick-walled asperites; and a large and cultrate lateral sclerite, with proximal and distal edges thick and slightly raised.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758073" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figure 11.</emphasis>
Comparison of male endophalli of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1789" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macraspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macraspis lateralis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Macraspis lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Olivier, 1789) (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A-D</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bento, Jameson, Seidel" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macraspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macraspis phallocardia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phallocardia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Macraspis phallocardia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">E-H</emphasis>
):
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1789" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macraspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macraspis lateralis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Macraspis lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Olivier, 1789) in
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A</emphasis>
dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">B</emphasis>
lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">D</emphasis>
lateral view and
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">C</emphasis>
showing detail of lateral sclerite.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bento, Jameson, Seidel" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macraspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macraspis phallocardia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phallocardia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Macraspis phallocardia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. in
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">E</emphasis>
dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">F</emphasis>
lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">H</emphasis>
ventral view and
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G</emphasis>
showing detail of lateral sclerite. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A, B, D, E, F, H</emphasis>
); 0.2 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">C, G</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Paratypes</emphasis>
(3 males, 14 females): male paratypes differ from holotype in length (10.7-11.7 mm), width (5.8-6.7 mm), and form of the apex of paramera (more round to slightly narrowed). Female paratypes (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. (A-G) and Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) (H-J). Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. A holotype male dorsal view B holotype male ventral view C paratype female dorsal view D paratype female ventral view E-G aedeagus of holotype in E dorsal view F caudal view G lateral view. Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) from Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil H aedeagus in dorsal view I caudal view J lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (F, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758072" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">10C, D</figureCitation>
). Length 10.8-11.8 mm, width 6-6.4 mm. The females differ from males by the clypeus longer, anteriorly narrower and more raised; pygidium plano-convex; protibia with outer teeth stronger and apically rounded; protarsomere V simple, with anterior claw unenlarged and equally cleft; inner metatibial spur apically rounded; Mesotarsomere IV with a ventroapical projection short and straight; and abdominal ventrite 6 not emarginated.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">External genitalia</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Comparison of female external genitalia of Macraspis buehrnheimi sp. nov. (A-C) and Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov (D-G). Macraspis buehrnheimi sp. nov. in A ventral B lateral and C dorsal views. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. in D ventral E lateral and F dorsal views. Abbreviations: dgx = distal gonocoxite; pgx = proximal gonocoxite; pct = proctiger; ppt = paraproct. Scale bars: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758067" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">5D-F</figureCitation>
). Gonocoxites light brown, slightly sclerotized and moderately setose apically, setae moderately long. Proximal gonocoxites short and semicircular, wider than long, barely overlapping the distal gonocoxites; surface moderately punctate. Distal gonocoxites broadly rounded apically, with inner margin almost straight.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
The specific epithet is Greek for '
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">phallos</emphasis>
' (= penis) and '
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">kardia</emphasis>
' (= heart), refers to the heart-shaped male paramera of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Distribution of Brazilian species of Macraspis treated in this publication. The Brazilian Amazon biome is colored lime green. Brazilian states are abbreviated as follows: AC = Acre, AM = Amazonas, AP = Amapa, BA = Bahia, ES = Espirito Santo, GO = Goias, MA = Maranhao, MG = Minas Gerais, MT = Mato Grosso = PA = Piaui, RO = Rondonia, RJ = Rio de Janiero, RR = Roraima, SP = Sao Paulo, TO = Tocantins." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758074" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
Brazil (10).
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rondônia">Rondonia</normalizedToken>
: Ouro Preto
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Oeste">d'Oeste</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758074" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figure 12.</emphasis>
Distribution of Brazilian species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macraspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macraspis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Macraspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
treated in this publication. The Brazilian Amazon biome is colored lime green. Brazilian states are abbreviated as follows: AC = Acre, AM = Amazonas, AP =
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amapá">Amapa</normalizedToken>
, BA = Bahia, ES =
<normalizedToken originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
Santo, GO =
<normalizedToken originalValue="Goiás">Goias</normalizedToken>
, MA =
<normalizedToken originalValue="Maranhão">Maranhao</normalizedToken>
, MG = Minas Gerais, MT = Mato Grosso = PA =
<normalizedToken originalValue="Piauí">Piaui</normalizedToken>
, RO =
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rondônia">Rondonia</normalizedToken>
, RJ = Rio de Janiero, RR = Roraima, SP =
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Paulo, TO = Tocantins.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
This species has the same color pattern as
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. buehrnheimi" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="buehrnheimi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">M. buehrnheimi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.,
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. fernandezi" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="fernandezi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">M. fernandezi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. lateralis" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">M. lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The male genitalia of
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. phallocardia" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="phallocardia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">M. phallocardia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is more similar to that of
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. lateralis" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">M. lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but these species are differentiated by (characters of
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. lateralis" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">M. lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
given in parenthesis): tectum with lateral articular areas thickened and deflected outward (tectum with lateral articular areas compressed and straight; Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. (A-G) and Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) (H-J). Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. A holotype male dorsal view B holotype male ventral view C paratype female dorsal view D paratype female ventral view E-G aedeagus of holotype in E dorsal view F caudal view G lateral view. Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) from Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil H aedeagus in dorsal view I caudal view J lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (F, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758072" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">10H</figureCitation>
); paramera in caudal view rounded-oval, with apex rounded to slightly constricted and sides not declivous (paramera in caudal view laterobasally projected backward, with sides slightly declivous and narrowly constricted apically; Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. (A-G) and Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) (H-J). Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. A holotype male dorsal view B holotype male ventral view C paratype female dorsal view D paratype female ventral view E-G aedeagus of holotype in E dorsal view F caudal view G lateral view. Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) from Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil H aedeagus in dorsal view I caudal view J lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (F, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758072" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">10I</figureCitation>
); medial portion of endophallus with ventral and dorsoproximal raspulae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Comparison of male endophalli of Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) (A-D) and Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. (E-H): Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) in A dorsal view B lateral view D lateral view and C showing detail of lateral sclerite. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. in E dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view and G showing detail of lateral sclerite. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D, E, F, H); 0.2 mm (C, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758073" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">11E-H</figureCitation>
), a dorsodistal raspula bearing dense and multiple rows of asperites (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Comparison of male endophalli of Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) (A-D) and Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. (E-H): Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) in A dorsal view B lateral view D lateral view and C showing detail of lateral sclerite. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. in E dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view and G showing detail of lateral sclerite. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D, E, F, H); 0.2 mm (C, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758073" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">11E</figureCitation>
), and a lateral sclerite with proximal and distal edges thin and slightly raised (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Comparison of male endophalli of Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) (A-D) and Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. (E-H): Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) in A dorsal view B lateral view D lateral view and C showing detail of lateral sclerite. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. in E dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view and G showing detail of lateral sclerite. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D, E, F, H); 0.2 mm (C, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758073" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">11F, G</figureCitation>
) (medial portion of endophallus without ventral raspulae, Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Comparison of male endophalli of Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) (A-D) and Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. (E-H): Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) in A dorsal view B lateral view D lateral view and C showing detail of lateral sclerite. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. in E dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view and G showing detail of lateral sclerite. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D, E, F, H); 0.2 mm (C, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758073" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">11D</figureCitation>
; with a dorsodistal raspula bearing a sparse and simple row of asperites, Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Comparison of male endophalli of Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) (A-D) and Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. (E-H): Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) in A dorsal view B lateral view D lateral view and C showing detail of lateral sclerite. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. in E dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view and G showing detail of lateral sclerite. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D, E, F, H); 0.2 mm (C, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758073" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">11A</figureCitation>
; and a lateral sclerite with medial edge raised and distal edge thickened and roundly protruding, Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Comparison of male endophalli of Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) (A-D) and Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. (E-H): Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) in A dorsal view B lateral view D lateral view and C showing detail of lateral sclerite. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. in E dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view and G showing detail of lateral sclerite. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D, E, F, H); 0.2 mm (C, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.91156.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758073" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">11B, C</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bento, Jameson, Seidel" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macraspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macraspis phallocardia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phallocardia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Macraspis phallocardia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is apparently sympatric with
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. opala" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="opala">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">M. opala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., the type series of which was also collected in the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Madeira-Tapajós">Madeira-Tapajos</normalizedToken>
interfluvium.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>
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