130 lines
11 KiB
XML
130 lines
11 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.1095032" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b97fd151-e825-47df-8472-cf628646d260" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1095032" approvalRequired="24" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="1" approvalRequired_for_treatments="23" checkinTime="1509025595032" checkinUser="jeremy" docAuthor="Paul, G. S." docDate="1988" docId="03EB9567FFED5F3DFD487FB1D64DF9EF" docLanguage="en" docName="Paul1988_Predatory Dinosaurs of the World_(almost done)pdf.imf" docOrigin="Predatory Dinosaurs of the World, New York: Touchstone Books" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Tyrannosaurus (Daspletosaurus) torosus" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="339" masterDocId="FFD2ED1FFFFD5F2CFFB67B6FD320FFCB" masterDocTitle="Predatory Dinosaurs of the World" masterLastPageNumber="349" masterPageNumber="323" pageNumber="339" updateTime="1673869445587" updateUser="jeremy">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Predatory Dinosaurs of the World</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Paul, G. S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>1988</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">1988-12-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Touchstone Books</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>New York</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Predatory Dinosaurs of the World</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>323</mods:start>
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<mods:end>349</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.1095032</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">b97fd151-e825-47df-8472-cf628646d260</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1095032</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4424378" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190642296" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4424378" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB9567FFED5F3DFD487FB1D64DF9EF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EB9567FFED5F3DFD487FB1D64DF9EF" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="339" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="16.[766,1790,1244,1336]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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SUBGENUS
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSenus" subGenus="Daspletosaurus">
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<emphasis box="[1006,1790,1246,1285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">TYRANNOSAURUS (DASPLETOSAURUS)</emphasis>
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(Russell, 1970)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="16.[767,1937,1372,1660]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torosus" subGenus="Daspletosaurus">
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<emphasis box="[767,1161,1372,1411]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">TYRANNOSAURUS (</emphasis>
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DASPLETOSAURUS
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<emphasis box="[1543,1555,1372,1411]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">)</emphasis>
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TOROSUS (Russell, 1970)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[767,1395,1472,1511]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="16.[767,1937,1372,1660]" box="[767,1395,1472,1511]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<emphasis box="[767,934,1478,1509]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">synonym</emphasis>
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—
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[977,1395,1472,1511]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">Albertosaurus libratus</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[767,1619,1521,1560]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="16.[767,1937,1372,1660]" box="[767,1619,1521,1560]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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TYPE, BEST AND DISPLAY SPECIMEN—
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3396379302" box="[1423,1619,1521,1560]" collectionCode="NMC" country="Canada" formation="Judith River Formation" geologicalContext="late Campanian of the late Late Cretaceous" geologicalContextID="Cretaceous" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" preperations="partial skull and skeleton" specimenCode="NMC 8506" stateProvince="Alberta" typeStatus="Type">NMC 8506</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[767,1690,1572,1611]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="16.[767,1937,1372,1660]" box="[767,1690,1572,1611]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">time—late Campanian of the late Late Cretaceous</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[767,1937,1621,1660]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="distribution">
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<paragraph blockId="16.[767,1937,1372,1660]" box="[767,1937,1621,1660]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">horizon and distribution—Judith River Formation of Alberta</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<table box="[767,1461,1671,1962]" gridcols="2" gridrows="6" inLine="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<tr box="[767,1461,1671,1710]" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" rowspan-0="1">
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<th box="[1127,1461,1671,1710]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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Type/
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3396379314" box="[1228,1461,1671,1710]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="Canada" formation="Judith River Formation" geologicalContext="late Campanian of the late Late Cretaceous" geologicalContextID="Cretaceous" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" specimenCode="AMNH 5438" stateProvince="Alberta" typeStatus="other material">AMNH 5438</materialsCitation>
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</th>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[767,1461,1722,1761]" gridrow="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<td box="[767,1084,1722,1761]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">SKULL LENGTH—</td>
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<td box="[1127,1461,1722,1761]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">1107 mm</td>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[767,1461,1773,1812]" gridrow="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<td box="[767,1084,1773,1812]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">TOTAL LENGTH—</td>
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<td box="[1127,1461,1773,1812]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">9.0 m</td>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[767,1461,1823,1862]" gridrow="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<td box="[767,1084,1823,1862]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">FEMUR LENGTH—</td>
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<td box="[1127,1461,1823,1862]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">1000 mm</td>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[767,1461,1873,1912]" gridrow="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<td box="[767,1084,1873,1912]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">HIP HEIGHT—</td>
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<td box="[1127,1461,1873,1912]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">2.55 m</td>
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</tr>
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<tr box="[767,1461,1923,1962]" gridrow="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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<td box="[767,1084,1923,1962]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">TONNAGE—</td>
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<td box="[1127,1461,1923,1962]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">2.3</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="340" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="16.[767,1964,2003,2371]" lastBlockId="17.[208,1406,720,1572]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="340" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">
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Until recently, this species’ remains were lumped in with
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
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<emphasis box="[1922,1960,2004,2043]" pageId="16" pageNumber="339">A.</emphasis>
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libratus
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</taxonomicName>
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of the same formation. But even as he dug up the first good skull and skeleton in 1921, Sternberg suggested that it was a new taxa, and Dale Russell made it the type of the evocatively titled
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[875,1316,2222,2261]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torosus">Daspletosaurus torosus</taxonomicName>
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. However, as explained above, this species belongs in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[1121,1404,2277,2316]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="16" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tyrannosaurus</taxonomicName>
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, of which it is the earliest. No complete skeleton is known, but Russell combined the skull and partial skeleton of the type with the hind limbs of equal-sized AMNH 5436 and restored a few parts to make a very good restoration, one that has been modified here. Philip Currie has a hefty new preorbital horn that may come from a somewhat larger example of this species As well as being smaller than those of the other genus members, the skull has bigger openings and lacks the bar that nearly cuts the orbit in two. On the other hand the skull is quite big for the body. The best skull of the species, ROM 8506, is crushed from side to side and obscures the fact that
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[1015,1194,1209,1248]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="17" pageNumber="340" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torosus">T. torosus</taxonomicName>
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had a good degree of binocular vision. The moderate-sized preorbital horn is triangular; the forelimbs are the biggest known in an advanced tyrannosaur. Russell has explained that since
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[1071,1253,1371,1410]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="17" pageNumber="340" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torosus">T. torosus</taxonomicName>
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is more robust than, and one fourth as numerous as similar-sized
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="17" pageNumber="340" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
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<emphasis box="[1310,1349,1425,1464]" pageId="17" pageNumber="340">A.</emphasis>
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libratus
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</taxonomicName>
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, it probably went after the relatively less common and powerful horned dinosaurs more often than the albertosaur did.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |