treatments-xml/data/03/B3/42/03B342211170FFD4FF37FF2F90B3F859.xml

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<mods:title id="98BCC574DCA4BBC2560F2F922859DDB3">Styrax rhytidocarpus (Styracaceae), a new species from Hunan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="778141B82A88247BBC0ADF372F793A6E">Zhou, Hui</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="732A34C620111DAA4950616BC2BFD002">Yang, Wen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F84DE7714855FF5D320F47E37DB6CF7E">Hunan Prospecting Designing and Research General Institute for Agriculture Forestry and Industry, No. 232, Chengnan Central Road, Yuhua District, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8B2FAAABEF099A7D6E99097D83942D70">Li, Ming</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3E4936F74F25657C6B84F08A756F0B8F">Hunan Prospecting Designing and Research General Institute for Agriculture Forestry and Industry, No. 232, Chengnan Central Road, Yuhua District, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CA20D402D81BE91211B0F02CDFA8329F">Yu, Xun-Lin</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A88B41170FFD4FF37FF2F977BFEF5" ID-CoL="53C9J" authority="W. Yang &amp; X. L. Yu" authorityName="W. Yang &amp; X. L. Yu" authorityYear="2015" box="[136,622,244,271]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Styracaceae" genus="Styrax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rhytidocarpus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FF37FF2F946FFEF5" bold="true" box="[136,378,244,271]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Styrax rhytidocarpus</emphasis>
W. Yang &amp; X. L. Yu
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, 
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</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="1321EFB21170FFD4FD5EFF2D965FFEF5" box="[737,842,246,271]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[136,229,1934,1955]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,229,1847,1868]" captionTargetBox-0="[271,1308,369,1858]" captionTargetBox-1="[171,1416,203,1809]" captionTargetId-0="figure-30@2.[227,1361,331,1909]" captionTargetId-1="figure-14@3.[151,1436,190,1822]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Styrax rhytidocarpus W. Yang &amp; X. L. Yu: A. habit; B. pedicel, calyx and gynoecium; C. opened flower showing stamens; D. stamens in dorsal (left) and ventral view (right); E. fruit, including persistent calyx; F. seed. (based on both type (fruit specimens) and paratype (flower specimens))." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Styrax rhytidocarpus W. Yang &amp; X. L. Yu: a. flowering branch; b. pedicel, calyx and gynoecium; c. flower bud and partly open flower; d. flower, apical view; e. opened flower showing stamens; f. fruiting branchlet; g. fruits; h. longitudinal cross section of fruit; i. and j. seeds." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13632136" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13632138" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13632136/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13632138/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
)
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<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FF37FE8595EAFE8F" bold="true" box="[136,255,350,373]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
—The new species is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C1A88B41170FFD4FDE0FE859657FE8F" authorityName="Champion ex Bentham" authorityYear="1852" box="[607,834,350,373]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Styracaceae" genus="Styrax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="odoratissimus">
<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FDE0FE859657FE8F" box="[607,834,350,373]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Styrax odoratissimus</emphasis>
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in leaf blade size and shape, and the presence of curved filaments, but differs in its glabrous peduncles, bracts, and pedicels; 1.7–2.0 × 
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corolla lobes; bowl-shaped and deeply rugose persistent calyx; thick, fleshy, and rugose fruits with slightly curved and long-rostrate fruit apex; and ridged and densely stellate-hairy seeds. More detailed morphological comparison between these two species summarized in table 1.
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<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FF37FDF395D7FDC7" bold="true" box="[136,194,552,573]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Type:</emphasis>
— 
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. 
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: 
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, 
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, ca. 
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25°14 
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37.09 
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N
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, 
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112°25 
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25.58 
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E
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, 
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, 
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. Yang 11082801
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(
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, 
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!; 
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, 
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!, 
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!)
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.
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:
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— 
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. 
<collectingRegion id="49DE3DD51170FFD4FE33FD499744FD51" box="[396,593,658,683]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Hunan Province</collectingRegion>
: Linwu Xian, Xishan Yaozu Zizhixiang, ca. 
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, 
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25°14 
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37.09 
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N
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, 
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112°25 
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25.58 
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E
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, 
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, 
<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FE4DFD6D975BFD35" box="[498,590,694,719]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">D. Zhou</emphasis>
&amp; 
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. Zhou 14042802
</emphasis>
(
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!, 
<collectionCode id="ED0B6BF21170FFD4FC18FD6D96FAFD35" box="[935,1007,694,719]" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" name="South China Botanical Garden" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" type="Herbarium">IBSC</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C300A0BC1170FFD4FF37FCF694B1FA51" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" type="description">
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<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FF37FCF6940CFCBD" bold="true" box="[136,281,813,839]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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Deciduous shrubs or small trees, to 
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tall. Branchlets brown. Leaves alternate; petioles 
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long, glabrous; leaf blades elliptic or elliptic-oblong, 6–15(–20) × 
<quantity id="4CE25ED21170FFD4FD20FC4197E2FC49" box="[671,759,922,947]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" unit="cm" value="6.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="3.0">3–9 cm</quantity>
, papery, adaxially sparsely with hairs along veins, abaxially glabrous, base cuneate, margin shallowly serrate, apex acuminate to caudate, slightly curved, lateral veins 5–7 pairs, adaxially impressed, abaxially prominent, tertiary and quaternary veins reticulate. Inflorescence racemose, terminal, 
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long, 4–9-flowered (sometimes 2–3 flowers grouped in leaf axils), peduncle short and glabrous. Pedicel 
<quantity id="4CE25ED21170FFD4FA3DFBDD95A1FBB9" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="4.0">4–7 mm</quantity>
long, glabrous. Bracteoles subulate, 
<quantity id="4CE25ED21170FFD4FDE1FBF197A8FBB9" box="[606,701,1066,1091]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
long, glabrous. Flowers 
<quantity id="4CE25ED21170FFD4FC62FBF19148FBB9" box="[989,1117,1066,1091]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" unit="cm" value="2.45" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="2.2">2.2–2.7 cm</quantity>
long. Calyx (including tube) cupuliform, 4 × 
<quantity id="4CE25ED21170FFD4FEFBFB9594B0FB9D" box="[324,421,1102,1127]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
, outside with short hairs, brown-lepidote at base, inside glabrous, irregularly 5–8-toothed, teeth 2 × 
<quantity id="4CE25ED21170FFD4FF47FBA9942BFB71" box="[248,318,1138,1163]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
. Corolla white, 
<quantity id="4CE25ED21170FFD4FE48FBA99763FB71" box="[503,630,1138,1163]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" unit="cm" value="2.05" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.8">1.8–2.3 cm</quantity>
long; tube 
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long; lobes oblong-ovate, 1.7–2.0 × 
<quantity id="4CE25ED21170FFD4FB55FBA99079FB71" box="[1258,1388,1138,1163]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" unit="cm" value="1.05" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1.3 cm</quantity>
, both surfaces sparsely with short hairs, floral aestivation imbricate. Stamens 10, equal in length, 1.7–2.0 cm long; filaments 1.0 cm long, flexuous, densely with white stellate hairs at middle, sparsely hairy elsewhere, basally connate and adnate to corolla; anthers 
<quantity id="4CE25ED21170FFD4FEE8FB0594A1FB0D" box="[343,436,1246,1271]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">7–9 mm</quantity>
long, sparsely with white stellate hairs, oblong-elliptic to lanceolate, thecae parallel, linear, dehiscence introrse. Ovary partly inferior but appearing superior, 1.5 × 
<quantity id="4CE25ED21170FFD4FC10FAD996E6FAE1" box="[943,1011,1282,1307]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
, hairy. Style filiform, 
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long, hairy. Stigma punctiform, ca. 
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long. Drupe ovoid-conical, 2.5–3 × 
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, rugose, fleshy, outside yellow-lepidote, apex slightly curved with a rostrum ca. 
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long; persistent calyx bowl-shaped, brown, deeply rugose, ca. 1.2 × 
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. Seeds 1(–3), ovoid, ca. 1.0 × 
<quantity id="4CE25ED21170FFD4FE43FAB5975EFA7D" box="[508,587,1390,1415]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" unit="cm" value="0.7">0.7 cm</quantity>
, dark brown to black, hilum basal, large; testa tuberculate and ridged, densely with brown stellate hairs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C300A0BC1170FFD4FF02FA6D9113F931" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA5F3371170FFD4FF02FA6D9483F95D" blockId="1.[136,1452,886,1955]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FF02FA6D94E6FA35" bold="true" box="[189,499,1462,1487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Distribution and Habitat:</emphasis>
—The new species is known only from the 
<typeStatus id="54A14D951170FFD4FC58FA6D9102FA35" box="[999,1047,1462,1487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">type</typeStatus>
locality in Linwu county of 
<collectingRegion id="49DE3DD51170FFD4FADEFA6D95FBFA09" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Hunan Province</collectingRegion>
, at elevation ca. 
<specimenCount id="9D1C38BE1170FFD4FE20FA0194FFFA09" box="[415,490,1498,1523]" count="960" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" type="generic">
<quantity id="4CE25ED21170FFD4FE20FA0194F3FA09" box="[415,486,1498,1523]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="960.0">960 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
The 
<typeStatus id="54A14D951170FFD4FDA2FA019758FA09" box="[541,589,1498,1523]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">type</typeStatus>
locality is located at the northern slope of the middle of the Nanling Mountains. It grows in bamboo and broad-leaved mixed forest and is mainly distributed along both sides of a moist gulley. The habitat is dominated by 
<taxonomicName id="4C1A88B41170FFD4FE2AF9F996ACF9C1" authority="Siebold &amp; Zuccarini (1837: 53)" authorityName="Siebold &amp; Zuccarini" authorityPageNumber="53" authorityYear="1837" box="[405,953,1570,1595]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Styracaceae" genus="Styrax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FE2AF9F99744F9C1" box="[405,593,1570,1595]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Styrax japonicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B8EC61170FFD4FDE7F9F996ACF9C1" author="Siebold, P. F. &amp; Zuccarini, J. G." box="[600,953,1570,1595]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" refId="ref2715" refString="Siebold, P. F. &amp; Zuccarini, J. G. (1837) Flora Japonica 1 (5). Lugduni batavorum, Leiden, 194 pp." type="book" year="1837">Siebold &amp; Zuccarini (1837: 53)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C1A88B41170FFD4FC77F9F99141F9C1" box="[968,1108,1570,1595]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Styracaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Styracaceae</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C1A88B41170FFD4FBD9F9F99040F9C1" box="[1126,1365,1570,1595]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Calanthe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graciliflora">
<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FBD9F9F99040F9C1" box="[1126,1365,1570,1595]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Calanthe graciliflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C1A88B41170FFD4FAE3F9F9943FF9A5" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Hayata" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Orchidaceae">Hayata (Orchidaceae)</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1A88B41170FFD4FE85F99D97F1F9A5" authority="(R. Br.) Oliv." authorityName="Oliv." baseAuthorityName="R. Br." box="[314,740,1606,1631]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Hamamelidaceae" genus="Loropetalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chinense">
<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FE85F99D972DF9A5" box="[314,568,1606,1631]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Loropetalum chinense</emphasis>
(R. Br.) Oliv.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C1A88B41170FFD4FD48F99D96ABF9A5" box="[759,958,1606,1631]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Hamamelidaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Hamamelidaceae</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C1A88B41170FFD4FC68F99D90B9F9A5" authority="(Carriere) J. Houz." authorityName="J. Houz." baseAuthorityName="Carriere" box="[983,1452,1606,1631]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phyllostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="edulis">
<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FC68F99D91D7F9A5" box="[983,1218,1606,1631]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Phyllostachys edulis</emphasis>
(Carrière) J. Houz.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C1A88B41170FFD4FF2FF9B195E7F979" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[144,242,1642,1667]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C1A88B41170FFD4FEB8F9B197BDF979" authority="(Keng) Keng f." authorityName="Keng f." baseAuthorityName="Keng" box="[263,680,1642,1667]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Pleioblastus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amarus">
<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FEB8F9B194FAF979" box="[263,495,1642,1667]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Pleioblastus amarus</emphasis>
(Keng) Keng f.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C1A88B41170FFD4FD06F9B1960DF979" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[697,792,1642,1667]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1A88B41170FFD4FCE4F9B195C4F95D" authority="(Rehder) L. H. Bailey" authorityName="L. H. Bailey" baseAuthorityName="Rehder" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Weigela" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="japonica" variety="sinica">
<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FCE4F9B1910AF979" box="[859,1055,1642,1667]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Weigela japonica</emphasis>
Thunb. var. 
<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FB0AF9B191EDF979" box="[1205,1272,1642,1667]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">sinica</emphasis>
(Rehder) L. H. Bailey
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C1A88B41170FFD4FF5FF955949EF95D" box="[224,395,1678,1703]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Caprifoliaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA5F3371170FFD4FF02F9699113F931" blockId="1.[136,1452,886,1955]" box="[189,1030,1714,1739]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FF02F9699456F931" bold="true" box="[189,323,1714,1739]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Phenology:</emphasis>
—Flowering from April to May; fruiting from May to October.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C300A0BC1170FFD4FF02F90D90B3F859" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA5F3371170FFD4FF02F90D97C7F8E9" blockId="1.[136,1452,886,1955]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FF02F90D945DF915" bold="true" box="[189,328,1750,1775]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The specific epithet 
<taxonomicName id="4C1A88B41170FFD4FDE9F90D9615F915" box="[598,768,1750,1775]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Styracaceae" genus="Styrax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rhytidocarpus">
“ 
<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FDDCF90D9615F915" box="[611,768,1750,1775]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">rhytidocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” is derived from 
<collectingCountry id="F30DB3A71170FFD4FC67F90D9132F915" box="[984,1063,1750,1775]" name="Greece" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Greece</collectingCountry>
“ 
<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FBFFF90D918EF915" box="[1088,1179,1750,1775]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">rhitido”</emphasis>
meaning wrinkled and “ 
<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FF2BF92195F5F8E9" box="[148,224,1786,1811]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">carpus</emphasis>
” meaning fruits because of its rugose fruits.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA5F3371170FFD4FF02F8C590B3F859" blockId="1.[136,1452,886,1955]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B96E2F251170FFD4FF02F8C594E6F8CD" bold="true" box="[189,499,1822,1847]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">IUCN Red List Category:</emphasis>
—The only known population consists of ca. 100 mature individuals scattered along both sides of the gulley where the species grows. Human activity is frequent around this population, e.g., digging bamboo shoots and cutting firewood. In accordance with the IUCN Red List Criteria (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B8EC61170FFD4FBE5F8BD91F0F885" author="IUCN" box="[1114,1253,1894,1919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" refId="ref2506" refString="IUCN (2014) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 11.0. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, 87 pp. Available from: http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed 1 February 2014)" type="book" year="2014">IUCN 2014</bibRefCitation>
), the new species should be regarded as Critically Endangered (CR B2c i, iv) because of its limited populations and vulnerable habitat.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>