583 lines
51 KiB
XML
583 lines
51 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3790218" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ca35c50f-b0c5-4032-b06d-f71b00710c8d" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163751320" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3790218" ID-ZooBank="C26E1A82-0DD4-48EF-865C-9D8AA788B739" approvalRequired="188" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="59" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="129" checkinTime="1587990637238" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Crabo, Lars & Lafontaine, Donald" docDate="2009" docId="75513F417B51FFF7FF02E9B4909DFAB2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2110.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 30 (30)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@648ded35" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Lasionycta leucocycla" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="896847397B71FFD6FF8EE829912DFFF8" masterDocTitle="A Revision of Lasionycta Aurivillius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) for North America and notes on Eurasian species, with descriptions of 17 new species, 6 new subspecies, a new genus, and two new species of Tricholita Grote" masterLastPageNumber="156" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1643569142744" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A Revision of Lasionycta Aurivillius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) for North America and notes on Eurasian species, with descriptions of 17 new species, 6 new subspecies, a new genus, and two new species of Tricholita Grote</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crabo, Lars</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Washington State University, Bellingham, United States of America</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lafontaine, Donald</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2009-12-18</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>30</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>156</mods:end>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.30.308</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">ca35c50f-b0c5-4032-b06d-f71b00710c8d</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576576</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C26E1A82-0DD4-48EF-865C-9D8AA788B739</mods:identifier>
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<heading box="[140,549,412,439]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName authority="(Staudinger)" baseAuthorityName="Staudinger" box="[140,549,412,439]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,549,412,439]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,393,412,439]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Lasionycta leucocycla</emphasis>
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(Staudinger)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[140,549,412,475]" box="[140,532,448,475]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 19–29, 146, 147, 203. Map 6</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<treatmentCitation author="Staudinger O" box="[140,591,518,545]" page="296" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1857">
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<taxonomicName authority="Staudinger, 1857: 296" authorityName="Staudinger" authorityPageNumber="296" authorityYear="1857" box="[140,591,518,545]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Anarta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
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<emphasis box="[140,327,519,545]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Anarta leucocycla</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[140,1108,518,1073]" box="[140,640,554,580]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Staudinger" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[140,344,554,580]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasiestra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
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<emphasis box="[140,344,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Lasiestra leucocycla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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||
<treatmentCitation author="McDunnough J" box="[359,637,554,580]" page="71" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1938">
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<bibRefCitation author="McDunnough J" box="[359,637,554,580]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 275" refId="ref65220" refString="McDunnough J (1938) Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America. Part 1 Macrolepidoptera. Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 1: 1 - 275." type="journal article" year="1938">McDunnough 1938: 71</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[140,1108,518,1073]" box="[140,695,589,616]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,695,589,616]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName box="[140,364,589,615]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
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<emphasis box="[140,364,589,615]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Lasionycta leucocycla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Lafontaine JD & Kononenko VS & McCabe TL" box="[380,692,589,616]" page="257" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1986">
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<bibRefCitation author="Lafontaine JD & Kononenko VS & McCabe TL" box="[380,692,589,616]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="255 - 279" refId="ref65066" refString="Lafontaine JD, Kononenko VS, McCabe TL (1986) A Review of the Lasionycta leucocycla complex (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with descriptions of three new subspecies. The Canadian Entomologist 118: 255 - 279." type="journal article" year="1986">Lafontaine et al. 1986: 257</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph blockId="32.[140,1108,518,1073]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName authority="Staudinger, 1901" authorityName="Staudinger" authorityYear="1901" box="[140,693,624,651]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Anarta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="leucocycla" variety="moeschleri">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,327,624,651]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Anarta leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis box="[381,491,624,650]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">moeschleri</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation author="Staudinger O & Rebel H" box="[498,693,624,650]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref65840" refString="Staudinger O, Rebel H (1901) Catalog der Lepidopteren des Palaearctischen Faunengebietes. R Friedlander & Sohn, Berlin, 368 pp." type="book" year="1901">Staudinger, 1901</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; in
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<treatmentCitation author="Staudinger O & Rebel H" box="[735,1104,624,650]" page="219" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1901">
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<bibRefCitation author="Staudinger O & Rebel H" box="[735,1104,624,650]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref65840" refString="Staudinger O, Rebel H (1901) Catalog der Lepidopteren des Palaearctischen Faunengebietes. R Friedlander & Sohn, Berlin, 368 pp." type="book" year="1901">Staudinger and Rebel 1901: 219</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
<taxonomicName box="[140,343,659,686]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Anarta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="staudingeri">
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<emphasis box="[140,343,659,686]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Anarta staudingeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
ab.
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||
<emphasis box="[391,501,659,685]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">moeschleri</emphasis>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation author="Hampson GF" box="[517,743,659,686]" page="38" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1905">
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<bibRefCitation author="Hampson GF" box="[517,743,659,686]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref64745" refString="Hampson GF (1905) Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, Vol. 5. Taylor and Francis, London, 634 pp." type="book" year="1905">Hampson 1905: 38</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[140,1108,518,1073]" box="[140,691,694,721]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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||
<taxonomicName box="[140,461,695,721]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Anarta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="staudingeri" subSpecies="moeschleri">
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||
<emphasis box="[140,461,695,721]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Anarta staudingeri moeschleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Warren 1912: 252.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph blockId="32.[140,1108,518,1073]" box="[140,756,730,757]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,756,730,757]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Staudinger" authorityYear="1901" box="[140,445,730,756]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Anarta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucocycla" subSpecies="moeschleri">
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<emphasis box="[140,445,730,756]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Anarta leucocycla moeschleri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation author="McDunnough J" box="[460,753,730,757]" page="308" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1925">
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<bibRefCitation author="McDunnough J" box="[460,753,730,757]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="307 - 309" refId="ref65164" refString="McDunnough J (1925) Notes on some species of the genus Anarta (Lepidoptera). The Canadian Entomologist 57: 307 - 309." type="journal article" year="1925">McDunnough 1925: 308</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[140,1108,518,1073]" box="[140,758,765,792]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,758,765,792]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Staudinger" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[140,462,765,791]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasiestra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucocycla" subSpecies="moeschleri">
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<emphasis box="[140,462,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Lasiestra leucocycla moeschleri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="McDunnough J" box="[477,754,765,791]" page="71" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1938">
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<bibRefCitation author="McDunnough J" box="[477,754,765,791]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 275" refId="ref65220" refString="McDunnough J (1938) Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America. Part 1 Macrolepidoptera. Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 1: 1 - 275." type="journal article" year="1938">McDunnough 1938: 71</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[140,1108,518,1073]" box="[140,813,800,827]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,813,800,827]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Staudinger" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[140,482,800,826]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucocycla" subSpecies="moeschleri">
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<emphasis box="[140,482,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Lasionycta leucocycla moeschleri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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;
|
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<treatmentCitation author="Lafontaine JD & Kononenko VS & McCabe TL" box="[497,809,800,827]" page="257" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1986">
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<bibRefCitation author="Lafontaine JD & Kononenko VS & McCabe TL" box="[497,809,800,827]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="255 - 279" refId="ref65066" refString="Lafontaine JD, Kononenko VS, McCabe TL (1986) A Review of the Lasionycta leucocycla complex (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with descriptions of three new subspecies. The Canadian Entomologist 118: 255 - 279." type="journal article" year="1986">Lafontaine et al. 1986: 257</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[140,1108,518,1073]" box="[140,513,835,862]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,513,835,862]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitation author="Smith JB" box="[140,509,835,862]" page="111" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1908">
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<taxonomicName authority="Smith, 1908: 111" authorityName="Smith" authorityPageNumber="111" authorityYear="1908" box="[140,509,835,862]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Anarta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hampa">
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<emphasis box="[140,298,835,862]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Anarta hampa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Smith JB" box="[305,509,835,862]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="91 - 127" refId="ref65759" refString="Smith JB (1908) New species and genera of the Lepidopterous family Noctuidae for 1907, Part 2. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 18: 91 - 127." type="journal article" year="1908">Smith, 1908: 111</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[140,1108,518,1073]" box="[140,722,871,897]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,722,871,897]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName box="[140,427,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasiestra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucocycla" subSpecies="hampa">
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<emphasis box="[140,427,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Lasiestra leucocycla hampa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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;
|
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<treatmentCitation author="McDunnough J" box="[441,719,871,897]" page="71" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1938">
|
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<bibRefCitation author="McDunnough J" box="[441,719,871,897]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 275" refId="ref65220" refString="McDunnough J (1938) Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America. Part 1 Macrolepidoptera. Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 1: 1 - 275." type="journal article" year="1938">McDunnough 1938: 71</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[140,1108,518,1073]" box="[140,777,906,933]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,777,906,933]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName box="[140,447,906,932]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucocycla" subSpecies="hampa">
|
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<emphasis box="[140,447,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Lasionycta leucocycla hampa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Lafontaine JD & Kononenko VS & McCabe TL" box="[461,773,906,933]" page="257" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1986">
|
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<bibRefCitation author="Lafontaine JD & Kononenko VS & McCabe TL" box="[461,773,906,933]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="255 - 279" refId="ref65066" refString="Lafontaine JD, Kononenko VS, McCabe TL (1986) A Review of the Lasionycta leucocycla complex (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with descriptions of three new subspecies. The Canadian Entomologist 118: 255 - 279." type="journal article" year="1986">Lafontaine et al. 1986: 257</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[140,1108,518,1073]" box="[140,757,941,968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,757,941,968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitation author="McDunnough J" box="[140,753,941,968]" page="307" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1925">
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<taxonomicName authority="McDunnough, 1925: 307" authorityName="McDunnough" authorityPageNumber="307" authorityYear="1925" box="[140,753,941,968]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Anarta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucocycla" subSpecies="albertensis">
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||
<emphasis box="[140,446,941,967]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Anarta leucocycla albertensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="McDunnough J" box="[453,753,941,968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="307 - 309" refId="ref65164" refString="McDunnough J (1925) Notes on some species of the genus Anarta (Lepidoptera). The Canadian Entomologist 57: 307 - 309." type="journal article" year="1925">McDunnough, 1925: 307</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[140,1108,518,1073]" box="[140,759,976,1003]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,759,976,1003]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[140,463,976,1002]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasiestra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucocycla" subSpecies="albertensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,463,976,1002]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Lasiestra leucocycla albertensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="McDunnough J" box="[478,755,976,1002]" page="72" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1938">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="McDunnough J" box="[478,755,976,1002]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 275" refId="ref65220" refString="McDunnough J (1938) Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America. Part 1 Macrolepidoptera. Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 1: 1 - 275." type="journal article" year="1938">McDunnough 1938: 72</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[140,1108,518,1073]" box="[140,814,1011,1038]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,814,1011,1038]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[140,483,1011,1037]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucocycla" subSpecies="albertensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,483,1011,1037]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Lasionycta leucocycla albertensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Lafontaine JD & Kononenko VS & McCabe TL" box="[498,810,1011,1038]" page="257" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1986">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lafontaine JD & Kononenko VS & McCabe TL" box="[498,810,1011,1038]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="255 - 279" refId="ref65066" refString="Lafontaine JD, Kononenko VS, McCabe TL (1986) A Review of the Lasionycta leucocycla complex (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with descriptions of three new subspecies. The Canadian Entomologist 118: 255 - 279." type="journal article" year="1986">Lafontaine et al. 1986: 257</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[140,1108,518,1073]" box="[140,1108,1047,1073]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,1108,1047,1073]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Lafontaine JD & Kononenko VS & McCabe TL" box="[140,958,1047,1073]" page="260" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1986">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kononenko and Lafontaine, 1986: 260" authorityName="Kononenko and Lafontaine" authorityPageNumber="260" authorityYear="1986" box="[140,958,1047,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucocycla" subSpecies="magadanensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,515,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Lasionycta leucocycla magadanensis</emphasis>
|
||
Kononenko and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lafontaine JD & Kononenko VS & McCabe TL" box="[706,958,1047,1073]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="255 - 279" refId="ref65066" refString="Lafontaine JD, Kononenko VS, McCabe TL (1986) A Review of the Lasionycta leucocycla complex (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with descriptions of three new subspecies. The Canadian Entomologist 118: 255 - 279." type="journal article" year="1986">Lafontaine, 1986: 260</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Extralimital.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[140,1108,1116,1672]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,309,1117,1143]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,197,1117,1143]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="1">Type</emphasis>
|
||
material.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Staudinger" authorityYear="1857" box="[316,501,1117,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Anarta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[316,501,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Anarta leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: two
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[565,666,1117,1143]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[565,666,1117,1143]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
[
|
||
<collectionCode box="[680,771,1118,1144]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">ZMHB</collectionCode>
|
||
, not examined]. Type locality:
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[140,261,1152,1178]" name="Greenland" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Staudinger" authorityYear="1901" box="[270,613,1152,1179]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Anarta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="leucocycla" variety="moeschleri">
|
||
<emphasis box="[270,454,1152,1179]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Anarta leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis box="[504,613,1152,1178]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">moeschleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[626,731,1152,1178]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[626,731,1152,1178]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
[
|
||
<collectionCode box="[743,834,1153,1179]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">ZMHB</collectionCode>
|
||
, not examined].Type locality: Labrador.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1908" box="[327,483,1187,1214]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Anarta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hampa">
|
||
<emphasis box="[327,483,1187,1214]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Anarta hampa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[496,603,1187,1213]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[496,603,1187,1213]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
♁ [
|
||
<collectionCode box="[645,741,1188,1214]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
, examined]. Type locality: White Mountains, New Hampshire.
|
||
<typeStatus box="[482,592,1223,1249]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Todd EL" box="[825,1019,1223,1250]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref65865" refString="Todd EL (1982) Th e noctuid type material of John B. Smith (Lepidoptera). United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin 1645, 228 pp." type="book" year="1982">Todd (1982: 96)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="McDunnough" authorityYear="1925" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Anarta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucocycla" subSpecies="albertensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Anarta leucocycla albertensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[373,478,1258,1284]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[373,478,1258,1284]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
♁ [
|
||
<collectionCode box="[521,589,1258,1284]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">CNC</collectionCode>
|
||
, examined]. Type locality: Nordegg, Alberta.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[140,1108,1116,1672]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,312,1293,1319]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,307,1293,1319]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="1">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[323,551,1293,1319]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[323,551,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Lasionycta leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a small (forewing length
|
||
<quantity box="[887,1021,1293,1320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10–12 mm</quantity>
|
||
, males;
|
||
<quantity box="[140,270,1328,1355]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="11.0">11–14 mm</quantity>
|
||
, females) widespread species from the arctic, subarctic, and northern Cordillera. It has a narrow biserrate male antenna, a dark-gray or gray-brown forewing with a pale ocellate orbicular spot, off-white to yellow hindwing, and the ventral hindwing postmedial line is faint or absent. The male and female genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[971,1107,1434,1460]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[971,987,1435,1460]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1003,1107,1434,1460]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are typical for the species group and are of limited use for diagnosis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[140,1108,1116,1672]" lastBlockId="33.[140,1108,167,1354]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
All
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[226,361,1504,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[226,242,1505,1530]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[257,361,1504,1530]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from east of Hudson Bay are distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Smith" box="[924,1024,1504,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flanda">
|
||
<emphasis box="[924,940,1505,1530]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[955,1024,1504,1530]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">flanda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which occurs in
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[258,598,1539,1565]" country="Canada" name="Newfoundland and Labrador" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Newfoundland and Labrador</collectingRegion>
|
||
, by the white hindwings and ellipsoid eyes (hindwing yellow brown or whitish brown and eye rounded in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Smith" box="[878,980,1575,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flanda">
|
||
<emphasis box="[878,894,1575,1600]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[911,980,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">flanda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Arctic
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1084,1100,1575,1600]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,244,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from west of Hudson Bay have white hindwings and are most likely to be confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[313,467,1645,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Anarta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="staudingeri">
|
||
<emphasis box="[313,329,1646,1671]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[347,467,1645,1671]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">staudingeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, however
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[590,744,1645,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Anarta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="staudingeri">
|
||
<emphasis box="[590,606,1646,1671]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[624,744,1645,1671]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">staudingeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks an ocellus in the orbicu- lar spot and is easily distinguished by genitalia in both sexes as described in the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1084,1100,167,192]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,244,202,228]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group key. Other western populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[825,963,202,228]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[825,841,203,228]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[859,963,202,228]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have yellow hindwings and are likely to be confused only with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" box="[716,812,237,264]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illima">
|
||
<emphasis box="[716,732,238,263]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[747,812,237,263]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">illima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" box="[827,1014,237,263]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illima">
|
||
<emphasis box="[827,1014,237,263]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Lasionycta illima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the other western species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[462,597,272,299]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[462,478,273,298]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[493,597,272,298]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sub-group with pale hindwings (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Barnes & Benjamin" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[978,1057,273,299]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poca">
|
||
<emphasis box="[978,994,273,298]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1009,1057,273,298]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">poca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" box="[140,246,307,334]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frigida">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,156,308,333]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[174,246,307,333]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">frigida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) have narrowly bipectinate antennae. Th ese three species also have a dark ventral hindwing postmedial line, nearly absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[714,848,343,369]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[714,730,343,368]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[744,848,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[140,1108,167,1354]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Eight similar CO1 haplotypes were identified in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[730,864,378,404]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[730,746,379,404]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[760,864,378,404]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[879,978,378,404]" captionStart="Figure 248" captionStartId="142.[140,212,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[192,1058,178,1498]" captionTargetId="figure@142.[177,1071,165,1539]" captionTargetPageId="142" captionText="Figure 248. Neighbor-joining CO1 tree of the North American Lasionycta leucocycla species-group. Symbols and codes are the same as in Fig. 247. No data is available for Lasionycta carolynae, L. illima, L. leucocycla hampa, L. macleani, L. mono, or L. uniformis handfieldi. The illustrated specimens demonstrate the variation in appearance of the species-group and are scaled to the same size." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3769247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3769247/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 248</figureCitation>
|
||
). These differ by up to 1.15 % but overlap significantly with those of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" box="[814,935,414,440]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coracina">
|
||
<emphasis box="[814,830,414,439]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[845,935,414,439]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">coracina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" box="[951,1100,413,439]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthracina">
|
||
<emphasis box="[951,1100,413,439]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L. anthracina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" box="[140,243,448,474]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frigida">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,243,448,474]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L. frigida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Smith" box="[307,407,448,474]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flanda">
|
||
<emphasis box="[307,407,448,474]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L. flanda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Th e CO1 sequences of all populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[892,1027,448,475]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[892,908,449,474]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[923,1027,448,474]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Barnes & Benjamin" baseAuthorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poca">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1084,1100,449,474]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,188,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">poca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ by at least 2.2 %.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[140,1108,167,1354]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,501,518,545]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,336,518,544]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="1">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
and biology.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[513,743,519,545]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[513,743,519,545]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Lasionycta leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is Holarctic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lafontaine JD & Kononenko VS & McCabe TL" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="255 - 279" refId="ref65066" refString="Lafontaine JD, Kononenko VS, McCabe TL (1986) A Review of the Lasionycta leucocycla complex (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with descriptions of three new subspecies. The Canadian Entomologist 118: 255 - 279." type="journal article" year="1986">Lafontaine et al. 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In North America it occurs in the eastern arctic from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[860,979,554,580]" name="Greenland" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
southward to Labrador and northern Quebec, with a disjunct southern population in the White Mountains of New
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[366,496,624,650]" country="United Kingdom" name="Hampshire" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hampshire</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Its range extends westward across northern Nunavut and Northwest Territories to Yukon and Alaska, with southern extensions on the west coast of Hudson Bay and in the Rocky Mountains to the Beartooth Plateau on the Montana-Wyoming border. It flies over dry tundra. Most populations are strictly diurnal and have reduced eyes. Subspecies
|
||
<emphasis box="[609,625,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[642,649,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">l</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1908" box="[665,740,765,791]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Anarta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hampa">
|
||
<emphasis box="[665,740,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">hampa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from New
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[876,971,765,791]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">England</collectingCountry>
|
||
has slightly larger eyes but records suggest that it is diurnal.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[675,898,800,826]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[675,898,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Lasionycta leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been collected from mid-June through August across its range.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[140,1108,167,1354]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[185,409,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,409,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Lasionycta leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
feeds on nectar at
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[618,762,871,897]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acaulis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[618,762,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Silene acaulis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Ait.) G. Don" authorityName="G. Don" baseAuthorityName="Ait." class="Tentaculata" family="Mertensiidae" genus="Mertensia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cydippida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Ctenophora" rank="species" species="paniculata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[775,1004,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mertensia paniculata</emphasis>
|
||
(Ait.) G. Don
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[207,362,906,933]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Boraginaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and a
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[450,528,906,932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Senecio" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[450,528,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Senecio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, probably
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Richardson" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1823" box="[734,965,906,932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Senecio" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lugens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[734,829,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. lugens</emphasis>
|
||
Richardson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[979,1100,906,932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (BC. Schmidt, pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[140,1108,167,1354]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
The early stages were described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="MacKay MR" box="[577,761,976,1003]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="859 - 872" refId="ref65139" refString="MacKay MR (1972) Th e larvae of Canadian arctic Noctuidae (Lepidoptera). The Canadian Entomologist 104: 859 - 872." type="journal article" year="1972">MacKay (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lafontaine JD & Kononenko VS & McCabe TL" box="[772,1041,976,1003]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="255 - 279" refId="ref65066" refString="Lafontaine JD, Kononenko VS, McCabe TL (1986) A Review of the Lasionycta leucocycla complex (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with descriptions of three new subspecies. The Canadian Entomologist 118: 255 - 279." type="journal article" year="1986">Lafontaine et al. (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
compared the larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[356,490,1011,1038]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[356,372,1012,1037]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[386,490,1011,1037]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[548,698,1011,1038]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Anarta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="staudingeri">
|
||
<emphasis box="[548,564,1012,1037]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[578,698,1011,1037]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">staudingeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[140,1108,167,1354]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,298,1047,1073]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,293,1047,1073]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="1">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kononenko and Lafontaine" authorityName="Kononenko and Lafontaine" authorityYear="1986" box="[307,1025,1047,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucocycla" subSpecies="magadanensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[307,694,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Lasionycta leucocycla magadanensis</emphasis>
|
||
Kononenko and Lafontaine
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has a pale white hindwing and small eyes, is the only exclusively Eurasian taxon that belongs with
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[298,436,1117,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[298,314,1118,1143]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[332,436,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Wocke)" authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Wocke" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[454,780,1117,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dovrensis" status="stat. rev.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[454,674,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Lasionycta dovrensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Wocke)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[791,888,1118,1144]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has large eyes and dark hindwing and flies near midnight, not during the day (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ahola M & Silvonen K" box="[810,1099,1152,1178]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref63905" refString="Ahola M, Silvonen K (2008) Larvae of Northern European Noctuidae, Volume 2. KuvaSeppala Yhtiot Oy, Vaasa, 672 pp." type="book" year="2008">Ahola and Silvonen 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) suggesting strongly that it is a distinct species. The taxon
|
||
<emphasis box="[791,864,1187,1213]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">altaica</emphasis>
|
||
(Staudinger) was not examined but is probably best considered a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Wocke" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[789,916,1223,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dovrensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[789,805,1223,1248]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[820,916,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">dovrensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on similar size, habitus, and eyes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[140,1108,167,1354]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,468,1293,1319]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,345,1293,1319]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="1">Geographical</emphasis>
|
||
variation.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The North American populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[893,1028,1293,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[893,909,1294,1319]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[924,1028,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are arranged in four subspecies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |