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<document id="BE2B6C3AD325129F01CBFC41D638F158" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.275102" ID-GBIF-Dataset="63b6818a-d9ef-4901-94f6-83f56ce73145" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="275102" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461101197260" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zanella, Fernando César Vieira &amp; Vivallo, Felipe" docDate="2009" docId="0399216EFFEFFFD53A81FAF2FA1CFC1F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02175p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2175" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Centris (Paracentris) ancashsumaq Zanella &amp; Vivallo, 2009, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="68" masterDocId="FFA05916FFEFFFD73A16FFE2FF80FFA2" masterDocTitle="A new species of the bee genus Centris from Peru (Hymenoptera: Apidae)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="66" pageNumber="66" updateTime="1698591444801" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="93DB23B239CF8C98838C473D8D933454">A new species of the bee genus Centris from Peru (Hymenoptera: Apidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C46E84214A044311A6C75AA8773D06EF">Zanella, Fernando César Vieira</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="CBB880CCF60A45AE835C243A0DFBC517">2009</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0399216EFFEFFFD53A81FAF2FA1CFC1F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6226593" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119621952" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6226593" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0399216EFFEFFFD53A81FAF2FA1CFC1F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0399216EFFEFFFD53A81FAF2FA1CFC1F" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">
<subSubSection id="C32AC3F3FFEFFFD73A81FAF2FEA7FAE8" pageId="0" pageNumber="66" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8F9078FFEFFFD73A81FAF2FD25FA8A" blockId="0.[151,677,1296,1354]" box="[151,677,1296,1320]" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">
<heading id="D0C72714FFEFFFD73A81FAF2FD25FA8A" bold="true" box="[151,677,1296,1320]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="66" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEFFFD73A81FAF2FD25FA8A" bold="true" box="[151,677,1296,1320]" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicName id="4C30EBFBFFEFFFD73A81FAF2FD9CFA8A" ID-CoL="S945" box="[151,540,1296,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ancashsumaq" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Paracentris">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEFFFD73A81FAF2FF67FA8A" bold="true" box="[151,231,1296,1320]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">Centris</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEFFFD73AE0FAF2FEF5FA8A" bold="true" box="[246,373,1296,1320]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">Paracentris</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEFFFD73B93FAF2FD9CFA8A" bold="true" box="[389,540,1296,1320]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">ancashsumaq</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A277F111FFEFFFD73835FAF2FD25FA8A" box="[547,677,1296,1320]" pageId="0" pageNumber="66" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8F9078FFEFFFD73A81FAD1FEA7FAE8" blockId="0.[151,677,1296,1354]" box="[151,295,1331,1354]" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">
(
<figureCitation id="130B8CFDFFEFFFD73A88FAD1FE9FFAE8" box="[158,287,1331,1354]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 4" captionStartId="1.[151,270,1543,1567]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,471,1518]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,471,1519]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1 4. Centris ancashsumaq new species, holotype, female: (1) Habitus, lateral view. (2) Head, frontal view. (3) Apex of metasoma and pygidial plate. (4) Basitibial plate. (Scale bars: Fig. 1: 2 mm; Fig. 2: 1 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275103/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">Figures 14</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32AC3F3FFEFFFD73A81FA9AFC5AFA5A" pageId="0" pageNumber="66" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8F9078FFEFFFD73A81FA9AFC5AFA5A" blockId="0.[151,1437,1400,2016]" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEFFFD73A81FA9AFE85FA32" bold="true" box="[151,261,1400,1424]" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. This species is unique among South American
<taxonomicName id="4C30EBFBFFEFFFD7391EFA9BFC6DFA32" authority="Paracentris" authorityName="Paracentris" box="[776,1005,1401,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEFFFD7391EFA9BFCD6FA32" box="[776,854,1401,1424]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">Centris</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEFFFD73970FA9BFC64FA32" box="[870,996,1401,1424]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">Paracentris</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
by its intense bluish metallic reflections on the metasoma, the dark pilosity all over the body and by its dark wings with bluish-violaceous iridescence. The male of this new species is unknown, but probably has a similar coloration on the metasoma and wings, but with the disc of clypeus and labrum yellow, a character found in most species of the subgenus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32AC3F3FFEFFFD63AD0F9E1FD27FE03" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="0" pageNumber="66" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8F9078FFEFFFD63AD0F9E1FD27FE03" blockId="0.[151,1437,1400,2016]" lastBlockId="1.[151,1437,152,417]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEFFFD73AD0F9E1FED1F9B9" bold="true" box="[198,337,1539,1563]" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEFFFD73B4FF9E1FD94F9B8" box="[345,532,1539,1562]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">
<typeStatus id="548B2EDAFFEFFFD73B4FF9E1FE3BF9B8" box="[345,443,1539,1562]" pageId="0" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
Female
</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEFFFD73835F9E1FD44F9B9" bold="true" box="[547,708,1539,1563]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">Measurements</emphasis>
: approximate body length: 13.5; head width: 5.0; forewing length: 11.4; thoracic width: 6.3; scape length: 0.3; F1 length: 1.0; F2 length: 0.2; F3 length: 0.3; upper interocular distance: 2.6; lower interocular distance: 2.7; mandible length: 2.3; mandible basal width: 0.9; labrum length: 1.1; labrum width: 1.5; middle ocellar diameter: 0.3; ocellocular distance: 0.6.
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEFFFD738E6F989FCF1F921" bold="true" box="[752,881,1643,1667]" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEFFFD738E6F989FCE8F921" bold="true" box="[752,872,1643,1667]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">Coloration</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
integument predominantly black. Legs, T1, except narrow apical band, basal half of T2 and metasomal sterna dark reddish brown. Metasomal terga dark with strong bluish metallic reflections. Wings dark with bluish-violaceus iridescence.
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEFFFD73972F952FB64F96A" bold="true" box="[868,1252,1712,1736]" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEFFFD73972F952FB5BF96A" bold="true" box="[868,1243,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">Pubescence and surface sculpture</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
pubescence dark brown to black, including scopae and prepygidial and pygidial fimbriae. Integument densely and uniformly punctured on paraocular area and frons, smooth and shiny areas in front of middle ocellus and between the lateral ocelli and compound eyes. Clypeus with setigerous punctures (distance between punctures wider than puncture diameters), with a smooth median longitudinal band, wider than middle ocellus, slightly narrower in upper fourth. Labrum with similar punctation, but slightly less dense and relatively uniform, without smooth band. Metasomal terga densely punctated, punctures slightly scattered on base of T2 and dorsal surface of T1.
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEFFFD7391CF862FCF1F83A" bold="true" box="[778,881,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="66">Structure</emphasis>
: Maxillary palpus 5-segmented, second palpomere subequal in length to the third (relative lengths: 2≈3&gt;4&gt;1&gt;5). Mandible with four teeth, the second the smaller (relative sizes: 1&gt;4&gt;3&gt;2); apical tooth normal, without basal expansion; acetabular carina ending at the basis of 3rd tooth; trimmal angle straight, forming a small denticle at the trimmal expansion; labrum semicircular. Vertex slightly elevated above ocular orbits. Fore elaiospathe with primary anterior comb restricted to apical half of basitarsus, with few setae on basal half, distance between setae greater than their diameters. Secondary comb formed by three giant apical spatulate setae. Setae of elaiospathe of middle basitarsus juxtaposed, forming a complete comb. Basitibial plate with rounded apex; secondary plate well defined, margin S-shaped with median part slightly projected over primary plate, in lateral view. Pygidial plate well developed, with lateral margins slightly sinuous and narrowly truncate apically. Secondary pygidial plate well defined, triangular, acuminate apically. Apical border of hind basitarsus with a slight angle near insertion of second tarsomere; inner tooth of hind claw small.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4FC0F0FFEEFFD63A81F9E5FB62F9E6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275103/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="67" targetBox="[151,1434,471,1518]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="8B8F9078FFEEFFD63A81F9E5FB62F9E6" blockId="1.[151,1437,1543,1604]" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD63A81F9E5FEC4F9BD" bold="true" box="[151,324,1543,1567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">FIGURES 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C30EBFBFFEEFFD63B5AF9EAFDB4F9BD" box="[332,564,1544,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ancashsumaq" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD63B5AF9EAFDB4F9BD" box="[332,564,1544,1567]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">Centris ancashsumaq</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD6382AF9E5FD40F9BD" bold="true" box="[572,704,1543,1567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A277F111FFEEFFD6382AF9E5FD40F9BD" box="[572,704,1543,1567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="67" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype, female: (1) Habitus, lateral view. (2) Head, frontal view. (3) Apex of metasoma and pygidial plate. (4) Basitibial plate. (Scale bars: Fig. 1: 2 mm; Fig. 2: 1 mm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32AC3F3FFEEFFD63AD3F996FAE9F973" pageId="1" pageNumber="67" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8F9078FFEEFFD63AD3F996FAE9F973" blockId="1.[151,1437,1652,2023]" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD63AD3F996FEFCF92E" bold="true" box="[197,380,1652,1676]" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">
<typeStatus id="548B2EDAFFEEFFD63AD3F996FE81F92E" box="[197,257,1652,1676]" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">Type</typeStatus>
Material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="548B2EDAFFEEFFD63B92F996FE73F929" box="[388,499,1652,1675]" pageId="1" pageNumber="67" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, female,
<collectingCountry id="F327D0E8FFEEFFD63849F996FD2BF929" box="[607,683,1652,1675]" name="Peru" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">PERU</collectingCountry>
, Lima Department (Deposited at the Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima,
<collectingCountry id="F327D0E8FFEEFFD638D2F975FD79F90C" box="[708,761,1687,1710]" name="Peru" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">Peru</collectingCountry>
), with a hand-written label: Lima, San Bartolomé,
<date id="FF8EB6B8FFEEFFD63F08F975FAE9F90C" box="[1310,1385,1687,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="67" value="1977-04-09">9.iv.77</date>
, col: R. Garcia. The
<typeStatus id="548B2EDAFFEEFFD63B55F958FEF1F973" box="[323,369,1722,1745]" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">type</typeStatus>
locality is in the Rímac Valley at approximately
<quantity id="4CC83D9DFFEEFFD6396AF958FC52F973" box="[892,978,1722,1745]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="67" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</quantity>
.a.s.l (Claus Rasmussen, pers. comm.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32AC3F3FFEEFFD63AD3F93EFBC0F8B4" pageId="1" pageNumber="67" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8F9078FFEEFFD63AD3F93EFBC0F8B4" blockId="1.[151,1437,1652,2023]" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD63AD3F93EFEC5F956" bold="true" box="[197,325,1756,1780]" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">Etymology.</emphasis>
The name of this species is derived from Quechua, one of the Peruvian native languages, by combining
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD63A81F8E2FF63F8B5" box="[151,227,1792,1815]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">ancash</emphasis>
, blue, referring to the characteristic color of its metasoma, and
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD63991F8E2FC4DF8B5" box="[903,973,1792,1815]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">sumaq</emphasis>
, beautiful.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32AC3F3FFEEFFD53AD3F8C0FEA8FD36" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="1" pageNumber="67" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8F9078FFEEFFD63AD3F8C0FA1DF845" blockId="1.[151,1437,1652,2023]" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD63AD3F8C0FEC8F898" bold="true" box="[197,328,1826,1850]" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">Comments.</emphasis>
Notwithstanding the description is based only on a single female specimen, by the morphology of the mandible, the pygidial and basitibial plates, it is assumed that the species belongs to the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="4C30EBFBFFEEFFD63EA0F8A7FA1CF8F9" authority="Paracentris" authorityName="Paracentris" box="[1206,1436,1860,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD63EA0F8A7FA85F8FE" box="[1206,1285,1861,1884]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">Centris</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD63F03F8A7FA13F8FE" box="[1301,1427,1861,1884]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">Paracentris</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
in the sense of
<bibRefCitation id="EFA1ED89FFEEFFD63B57F885FE6AF8DC" author="Zanella" box="[321,490,1895,1918]" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" refString="Zanella, F. C. V. (2002) Sistematica, filogenia e distribuicao geografica das especies sul-americanas de Centris (Paracentris) Cameron, 1903 e de Centris (Penthemisia) Moure, 1950, incluindo uma analise filogenetica do &quot; grupo Centris &quot; sensu Ayala, 1998 (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Centridini). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 46, 435 - 488." type="journal article" year="2002">Zanella (2002)</bibRefCitation>
. According to his study, this subgenus, as defined by most previous authors, is not a monophyletic group (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFA1ED89FFEEFFD63BA2F868FDC0F803" author="Moure" box="[436,576,1930,1953]" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" refString="Moure, J. S. (1950) Alguns agrupamentos novos de abelhas neotropicais (Hymenopt. - Apoidea). Dusenia, 1, 385 - 394." type="journal article" year="1950">Moure 1950</bibRefCitation>
; Ayala 1998;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA1ED89FFEEFFD638CCF868FC24F803" author="Roig-Alsina" box="[730,932,1930,1953]" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" refString="Roig-Alsina, A. (2000) Claves para las especies argentinas de Centris (Hymenoptera, Apidae), con descripcion de nuevas especies y notas sobre distribucion. Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, 2, 171 - 193." type="journal article" year="2000">Roig-Alsina 2000</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA1ED89FFEEFFD639A6F868FBDDF803" author="Michener" box="[944,1117,1930,1953]" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" refString="Michener, C. D. (2007) The Bees of the World, 2 nd edition, The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 953 pp." type="book" year="2007">Michener 2007</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA1ED89FFEEFFD63E7FF868FAB7F803" author="Moure" box="[1129,1335,1930,1953]" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" refString="Moure, J. S., Melo, G. A. R. &amp; Vivallo, F. (2007) Centridini Cockerell &amp; Cockerell, 1901. In: Moure, J. S., Urban, D. &amp; Melo, G. A. R. (Orgs.), Catalogue of bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) in the Neotropical Region. Sociedade Brasileira de Entomologia, Curitiba, pp. 83 - 142." type="book chapter" year="2007">
Moure
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD63EACF868FB6CF803" box="[1210,1260,1930,1953]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">et al</emphasis>
. 2007
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C30EBFBFFEEFFD63F5DF868FEA9F861" authority="Paracentris" authorityName="Paracentris" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD63F5DF868FA1DF803" box="[1355,1437,1930,1953]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">Centris</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD63AB6F84FFEA0F866" box="[160,288,1965,1988]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">Paracentris</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
is monophyletic only if the North American lineages (=subgenera)
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD63E18F84FFB1CF866" box="[1038,1180,1965,1988]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">Acritocentris</emphasis>
Snelling,
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD63F1AF84FFA1DF866" box="[1292,1437,1965,1988]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">Exallocentris</emphasis>
Snelling and
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD63B38F832FE31F845" box="[302,433,2000,2023]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">Xerocentris</emphasis>
Snelling, are included, and the species of the subgenus
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD63E20F832FBD0F845" box="[1078,1104,2000,2023]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">C.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD63E74F832FB6EF845" box="[1122,1262,2000,2023]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">Penthemisia</emphasis>
) Moure and
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEEFFD63F95F832FA1DF845" box="[1411,1437,2000,2023]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="67">C.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8F9078FFEDFFD53A81FF7AFED2FF56" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,660]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName id="4C30EBFBFFEDFFD53A81FF7AFD84FF0D" authority="Moure and Castro" authorityName="Moure and Castro" box="[151,516,152,175]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthomelaena">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEDFFD53A81FF7AFEBAFF0D" box="[151,314,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">xanthomelaena</emphasis>
Moure and Castro
</taxonomicName>
, are excluded from it. In the analyses performed by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA1ED89FFEDFFD53E23FF7AFB52FF0D" author="Zanella" box="[1077,1234,152,175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" refString="Zanella, F. C. V. (2002) Sistematica, filogenia e distribuicao geografica das especies sul-americanas de Centris (Paracentris) Cameron, 1903 e de Centris (Penthemisia) Moure, 1950, incluindo uma analise filogenetica do &quot; grupo Centris &quot; sensu Ayala, 1998 (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Centridini). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 46, 435 - 488." type="journal article" year="2002">Zanella (2002)</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="4C30EBFBFFEDFFD53ECCFF7AFA1CFF0D" box="[1242,1436,152,175]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthomelaena">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEDFFD53ECCFF7AFA1CFF0D" box="[1242,1436,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">C. xanthomelaena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears as sister group of
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEDFFD53BBFFF58FDB5FF73" box="[425,565,186,209]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName id="4C30EBFBFFEDFFD53BBFFF58FE78FF73" box="[425,504,186,209]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Centris</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A277F111FFEDFFD53BEBFF58FDB5FF73" box="[509,565,186,209]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, and
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEDFFD53878FF58FD06FF73" box="[622,646,186,209]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">C.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEDFFD53883FF58FC99FF73" box="[661,793,186,209]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">Penthemisia</emphasis>
) as sister group of the clade (
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEDFFD53E46FF58FB4EFF73" box="[1104,1230,186,209]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">Paracentris</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEDFFD53ECBFF58FAE9FF73" box="[1245,1385,186,209]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName id="4C30EBFBFFEDFFD53ECBFF58FAABFF73" box="[1245,1323,186,209]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Centris</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A277F111FFEDFFD53F27FF58FAE9FF73" box="[1329,1385,186,209]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
+ C.
<taxonomicName id="4C30EBFBFFEDFFD53A81FF3FFEBAFF56" box="[151,314,221,244]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthomelaena">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEDFFD53A81FF3FFEBAFF56" box="[151,314,221,244]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">xanthomelaena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8F9078FFEDFFD53AD3FEE2FE6BFD8E" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,660]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">
The possibility of including this new species in
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEDFFD538A8FEE2FCC5FEB5" box="[702,837,256,279]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName id="4C30EBFBFFEDFFD538A8FEE2FC8DFEB5" box="[702,781,256,279]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Centris</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A277F111FFEDFFD53905FEE2FCC5FEB5" box="[787,837,256,279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" sensu="stricto">s. str</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
. is not considered here because of the absence of a welldeveloped trimmal extension of the mandible, and of yellow areas forming an inverted “
<collectingCountry id="F327D0E8FFEDFFD53E58FEC0FBE4FE9B" box="[1102,1124,290,313]" name="Italy" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">Y</collectingCountry>
” on clypeus, synapomorphic characters of that subgenus (Ayala 1998). A relationship with
<taxonomicName id="4C30EBFBFFEDFFD5392FFEA7FC7EFEFE" box="[825,1022,325,348]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthomelaena">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEDFFD5392FFEA7FC7EFEFE" box="[825,1022,325,348]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">C. xanthomelaena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also discarded due to the following characteristics: the subapical teeth of the mandible smaller than the apical tooth; anterior primary comb of fore elaiospathe restricted to the apical half of basitarsus (as in many Andean
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEDFFD5398CFE68FB98FE03" box="[922,1048,394,417]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">Paracentris</emphasis>
); maxillary palpus 5-segmented; the presence of a well defined smooth vertical band on clypeus; and secondary pygidial plate extending to the apex of the pygidial plate. The synapomorphies of the subgenus
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEDFFD538C6FE32FCCEFE45" box="[720,846,464,487]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">Paracentris</emphasis>
are exclusively male genitalic characters (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFA1ED89FFEDFFD53F53FE32FF51FDAB" author="Zanella" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" refString="Zanella, F. C. V. (2002) Sistematica, filogenia e distribuicao geografica das especies sul-americanas de Centris (Paracentris) Cameron, 1903 e de Centris (Penthemisia) Moure, 1950, incluindo uma analise filogenetica do &quot; grupo Centris &quot; sensu Ayala, 1998 (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Centridini). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 46, 435 - 488." type="journal article" year="2002">Zanella, 2002</bibRefCitation>
); therefore the discovery of the male of the new species will allow confirmation of the proposed affiliation of the new species with this subgenus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8F9078FFEDFFD53A81FDDAFEA8FD36" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,660]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">Due to the description of this new species, it is necessary to introduce a modification to Zanellas (2002) key to females to allow its identification. The amendment is indicated below (the numbers in brackets [] correspond to those in original key):</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32AC3F3FFEDFFD53A81FD24FA1CFC1F" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" type="key">
<key id="FFA1C749FFEDFFD53A81FD24FA1CFC1F" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">
<keyStep id="30C488DDFFEDFFD53A81FD24FA1BFC9F" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">
<paragraph id="8B8F9078FFEDFFD53A81FD24FA1BFD5C" blockId="2.[151,1436,710,957]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">
<keyLead id="30C1334DFFEDFFD53A81FD24FA1BFD5C" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">
1. Metasoma with intense bluish reflections; wing membrane dark with bluish-violaceus iridescence ........................... ................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C30EBFBFFEDFFD53E3AFD04FA92FD5F" ID-CoL="S945" box="[1068,1298,742,765]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ancashsumaq" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEDFFD53E3AFD04FA92FD5F" box="[1068,1298,742,765]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">Centris ancashsumaq</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEDFFD53F0FFD04FA1BFD5C" bold="true" box="[1305,1435,742,766]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A277F111FFEDFFD53F0FFD04FA1BFD5C" box="[1305,1435,742,766]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8F9078FFEDFFD53A81FCE4FA1BFC9F" blockId="2.[151,1436,710,957]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">
<keyLead id="30C1334DFFEDFFD53A81FCE4FA1BFC9F" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">
- Metasoma without metallic reflections or, if present, green and very weak; wing membrane almost translucid, slightly light brown in some species (except
<taxonomicName id="4C30EBFBFFEDFFD538B5FCC4FCE1FC9F" authority="Friese" authorityName="Friese" box="[675,865,806,829]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Centris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burgorfi">
<emphasis id="B9444C6AFFEDFFD538B5FCC4FC9AFC9F" box="[675,794,806,829]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">C. burgorfi</emphasis>
Friese
</taxonomicName>
with dark wings) ..................................................... 2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30C488DDFFEDFFD53A81FCA4FA1CFC1F" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">
<paragraph id="8B8F9078FFEDFFD53A81FCA4FA1CFCDF" blockId="2.[151,1436,710,957]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">
<keyLead id="30C1334DFFEDFFD53A81FCA4FA1CFCDF" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">2. Apical tooth of mandible widened at the base. Basitibial plate narrow, anterior edge of the secondary plate almost parallel to the posterior edge of the primary basitibial plate..................................................................................... [2]</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8F9078FFEDFFD53A81FC64FA1CFC1F" blockId="2.[151,1436,710,957]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">
<keyLead id="30C1334DFFEDFFD53A81FC64FA1CFC1F" pageId="2" pageNumber="68">- Apical tooth of mandible not widened at the base. Basitibial plate widened in the middle; posterior edge of the secondary plate rounded ................................................................................................................................................. [3]</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>