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<mods:title id="C8CAACC5726AA7822B47160F7C43AF5D">New data on geometroid moths (Lepidoptera: Geometroidea: Uraniidae and Geometridae) from Sakhalin and Moneron islands with notes on their taxonomy distribution and ecology</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="37504019FAD9A53CD1BF1F607679DCD4">Beljaev, Еvgeniy A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="018A67EC0835C745409B03B8D7ABDC11">Sakhalin Territory Department of Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring, Sakhalinskaya oblast, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russia.</mods:affiliation>
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<heading id="D0CA81D4CA1AFFBFFF67FE12FDDFFDD5" bold="true" box="[151,605,510,537]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D3BCA1AFFBFFF67FE12FDDFFDD5" ID-CoL="56YW7" authority="(Eversmann)" baseAuthorityName="Eversmann" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[151,605,510,537]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Timandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rectistrigaria">
<emphasis id="B949EAAACA1AFFBFFF67FE12FDDFFDD5" bold="true" box="[151,605,510,537]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B949EAAACA1AFFBFFF67FE12FE30FDD4" bold="true" box="[151,434,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Timandra rectistrigaria</emphasis>
(Eversmann)
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3276533CA1AFFBFFF67FDCFFF7BFDF0" box="[151,249,546,573]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8236B8CA1AFFBFFF67FDCFFF7BFDF0" blockId="29.[151,605,510,573]" box="[151,249,546,573]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
(
<figureCitation id="13062A3DCA1AFFBFFF6FFDCFFF73FDF0" box="[159,241,546,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 2257" captionStartId="14.[151,264,186,210]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[151,1435,237,1723]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 2257. Larentiinae and Sterrhinae from Sakhalin. 22—Leptostegna tenerata, ♀, Sokhonda mount.; 23—Tyloptera bella, ♂, Sokhonda mount.; 24—Acasis exviretata, ♀, Yasnomorskoe; 25—A. viretata, ♀, Yasnomorskoe; 26—Trichopteryx carpinata, ♀, Novoaleksandrovsk; 27—T. fastuosa, ♀, S Kholmsk; 2829—T. hemana, S Kholmsk: 28—♂, 29—♀; 30—T. terranea, ♂, Novoaleksandrovsk; 31—Xanthorhoe hortensiaria, ♂, S Kholmsk; 32—Photoscotosia atrostrigata, ♀, S Kholmsk (a—upper side; b—underside); 33—Idiotephria evanescens, ♂, S Kholmsk; 34—Pennithera comis, ♀, S Kholmsk; 35—Eulithis achatinellaria, ♂, Krasnaya Tym; 36—E. testata, ♂, Sakhalin, Okhinskii district, 40 km S of Neftegorsk, near Nutovo mountain, ~ 52º37ʹ N 143º07ʹ E, 30.VIII.2000, A.V. Propletkin legit.; 37—Gandaritis evanescens, ♂, Sokhonda mount.; 38—G. pyraliata, ♂, S Kholmsk; 39—G. whitelyi, ♂, Sokhonda mount.; 40—Ecliptopera capitata capitulata, ♀, Yasnomorskoe; 41—E. pryeri, ♂, S Kholmsk; 42—E. silaceata leuca, ♂, Yasnomorskoe; 43—Dysstroma citrata, ♂, S Kholmsk; 44—Lampropteryx minna, ♀, S Kholmsk; 45—Operophtera peninsularis, ♂, Leonidovo; 46—Laciniodes denigrata, ♂, Yasnomorskoe; 47—Hydrelia shioyana, ♀, Kholmsk; 48—Venusia phasma, ♂, S Kholmsk; 49—V. semistrigata, ♀, S Kholmsk; 50—Perizoma alchemillata, ♂, S Kholmsk; 51—Gymnoscelis esakii, ♂, S Kholmsk, photo in nature by O.L. Titova; 52—Pasiphila chloerata, ♂, Yasnomorskoe; 53—Eupithecia absinthiata, ♂, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk; 54—Idaea foedata, ♀, Razdolnoe; 55—I. imbecilla, ♂, Yasnomorskoe; 56—I. pallidata, ♂, Tymovskoe; 57—Timandra rectistrigaria, ♂, Zhitnitsa river. Scale—10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10211084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10211084/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8236B8CA1AFFBFFF67FD8BFCBCFDB2" blockId="29.[151,830,615,639]" box="[151,830,615,639]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2D1196CA1AFFBFFF67FD8BFCBCFDB2" box="[151,830,615,639]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D3BCA1AFFBFFF67FD8BFE04FDB2" ID-CoL="56YW7" baseAuthorityName="Eversmann" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[151,390,615,639]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Timandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rectistrigaria">
<emphasis id="B949EAAACA1AFFBFFF67FD8BFE04FDB2" box="[151,390,615,639]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Timandra rectistrigaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0A9C10A9CA1AFFBFFE64FD8BFD44FDB2" author="Beljaev, E. A. &amp; Mironov, V. G." box="[404,710,615,639]" page="281" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="2019">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B49CA1AFFBFFE64FD8BFD44FDB2" author="Beljaev, E. A. &amp; Mironov, V. G." box="[404,710,615,639]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="235 - 281" refId="ref24431" refString="Beljaev, E. A. &amp; Mironov, V. G. (2019) Geometridae. In: Sinev, S. Yu. (Ed.), Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Russia. 2 nd Edition. Zoological Institute RAS, St. Petersburg, pp. 235 - 281. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="2019">Beljaev &amp; Mironov 2019: 281</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingRegion id="49F9F85ACA1AFFBFFD24FD8BFCB1FDB2" box="[724,819,615,639]" country="Russia" name="Sakhalin" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Sakhalin</collectingRegion>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3276533CA1AFFBFFF67FD41FD6CFD0A" box="[151,750,685,714]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8236B8CA1AFFBFFF67FD41FD6CFD0A" blockId="29.[151,1437,685,1359]" box="[151,750,685,714]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B949EAAACA1AFFBFFF67FD41FE03FD0A" bold="true" box="[151,385,685,711]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Material examined.</emphasis>
2 ♂, Zhitnitsa river,
<date id="FF831078CA1AFFBFFD9CFD41FD68FD0A" box="[620,746,685,711]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2003-07-01">1.VII.2003</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3276533CA1AFFBFFF37FD3DFF67FCFE" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8236B8CA1AFFBFFF37FD3DFF67FCFE" blockId="29.[151,1437,685,1359]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B949EAAACA1AFFBFFF37FD3DFEE3FD26" bold="true" box="[199,353,721,747]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F32A7628CA1AFFBFFE96FD3DFE33FD26" box="[358,433,721,747]" name="Russia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Russia</collectingCountry>
(RFE: central
<collectingRegion id="49F9F85ACA1AFFBFFDA4FD3DFD3BFD26" box="[596,697,721,747]" country="Russia" name="Sakhalin" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Sakhalin</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F9F85ACA1AFFBFFD33FD3DFC3AFD26" box="[707,952,721,747]" country="Russia" name="Kamchatka" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Kamchatka Peninsula</collectingRegion>
, Magadanskaya Oblast, Khabarovskii Krai, Amurskaya Oblast, Primorskii Krai—middle and?northern Sikhote-Alin range; S Yakutia, S and W Siberia, Polar Urals).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3276533CA1AFFBFFF37FCD1FB5AFA82" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8236B8CA1AFFBFFF37FCD1FB52FBC1" blockId="29.[151,1437,685,1359]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B949EAAACA1AFFBFFF37FCD1FEB9FC9A" bold="true" box="[199,315,829,855]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Remarks.</emphasis>
The finding of
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D3BCA1AFFBFFDF2FCD2FD35FC9A" baseAuthorityName="Eversmann" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[514,695,830,855]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Timandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rectistrigaria">
<emphasis id="B949EAAACA1AFFBFFDF2FCD2FD35FC9A" box="[514,695,830,855]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. rectistrigaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingRegion id="49F9F85ACA1AFFBFFD17FCD1FCCBFC9A" box="[743,841,829,855]" country="Russia" name="Sakhalin" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Sakhalin</collectingRegion>
significantly expands its distribution range to the east. Same as
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D3BCA1AFFBFFEC9FC8EFE35FCB6" box="[313,439,865,891]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Idaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidata">
<emphasis id="B949EAAACA1AFFBFFEC9FC8EFE35FCB6" box="[313,439,865,891]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I. pallidata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in
<collectingRegion id="49F9F85ACA1AFFBFFE15FC8DFDC5FCB6" box="[485,583,865,891]" country="Russia" name="Sakhalin" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Sakhalin</collectingRegion>
this species was found in a zone of the dominance of spruce-fir forests.
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D3BCA1AFFBFFA78FC8EFEA9FC52" baseAuthorityName="Eversmann" baseAuthorityYear="1851" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Timandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rectistrigaria">
<emphasis id="B949EAAACA1AFFBFFA78FC8EFEA9FC52" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. rectistrigaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an arctic-boreal trans-Siberian species, associated mainly with the specific Siberian larch swamps with thickets of
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D3BCA1AFFBFFEBDFC46FD99FC0E" box="[333,539,937,963]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Lonicera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caerulea">
<emphasis id="B949EAAACA1AFFBFFEBDFC46FD99FC0E" box="[333,539,937,963]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Lonicera caerulea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and various
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D3BCA1AFFBFFD5BFC46FC02FC0E" box="[683,896,937,963]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Vaccinium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B949EAAACA1AFFBFFD5BFC46FCA2FC0E" box="[683,800,938,963]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Vaccinium</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
This species, together with
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D3BCA1AFFBFFB49FC45FEA4FC2A" authority="(Staudinger)" baseAuthorityName="Staudinger" baseAuthorityYear="1861" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Holarctias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufinaria">
<emphasis id="B949EAAACA1AFFBFFB49FC45FA1EFC0E" box="[1209,1436,937,963]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Holarctias rufinaria</emphasis>
(Staudinger)
</taxonomicName>
, are endemic Siberan “Angarian” species, the presence of which in
<collectingRegion id="49F9F85ACA1AFFBFFBC2FC21FB16FC2A" box="[1074,1172,973,999]" country="Russia" name="Sakhalin" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Sakhalin</collectingRegion>
indicates the historical zoogeographic connections of the island with Eastern Siberia during the Pleistocene cooling era.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236B8CA1AFFBFFF37FBFAFB5AFA82" blockId="29.[151,1437,685,1359]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
In the continental RFE, the southernmost location of
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D3BCA1AFFBFFCCBFBFAFC6DFBE2" baseAuthorityName="Eversmann" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[827,1007,1046,1071]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Timandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rectistrigaria">
<emphasis id="B949EAAACA1AFFBFFCCBFBFAFC6DFBE2" box="[827,1007,1046,1071]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. rectistrigaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the Kolumbe river in the central Primorskii Krai was reported by
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B49CA1AFFBFFDF5FBD6FC8AFB9E" author="Kurentzov, A. I." box="[517,776,1081,1108]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="115 - 132" refId="ref26739" refString="Kurentzov, A. I. (1937) Novye i interesnye cheshuyekrylye iz Sikhote-Alinya [New and interesting Lepidoptera from Sikhote-Alin]. Vestnik Dal'nevostochnogo filiala Akademii nauk SSSR [Bulletin of the Far Eastern Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR], 26, 115 - 132. [in Russian with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1937">Kurentzov (1937: 120)</bibRefCitation>
. Due to the absence of other reports of this species south of the
<collectingRegion id="49F9F85ACA1AFFBFFF30FBB2FE83FBB5" box="[192,257,1118,1144]" country="Russia" name="Amur" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Amur</collectingRegion>
river, this reference has been questioned (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B49CA1AFFBFFD12FBB1FB85FBBA" author="Beljaev, E. A. &amp; Mironov, V. G." box="[738,1031,1117,1143]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="235 - 281" refId="ref24431" refString="Beljaev, E. A. &amp; Mironov, V. G. (2019) Geometridae. In: Sinev, S. Yu. (Ed.), Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Russia. 2 nd Edition. Zoological Institute RAS, St. Petersburg, pp. 235 - 281. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="2019">Beljaev &amp; Mironov 2019</bibRefCitation>
). Fortunately, the original specimen collected by Kurentzov was recently found in the entomological collection of the FSC EATB, labelled as: “Kolumbe river, mixed valley taiga, 28.VI [19]34”—Primorskii Krai, Krasnoarmeiskii district, ~
<quantity id="4CC59B5DCA1AFFBFFBBEFB49FB04FB72" box="[1102,1158,1189,1215]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
E of Melnichnoe village, near the mouth of the Kolumbe river ~
<geoCoordinate id="EE09507FCA1AFFBFFDB6FB25FD2CFB29" box="[582,686,1225,1252]" degrees="45" direction="north" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="925" value="45.383335">45°23 N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE09507FCA1AFFBFFD48FB25FCA8FB29" box="[696,810,1225,1252]" degrees="135" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="925" value="135.65">135°39 E</geoCoordinate>
. This is the most southeastern confirmed locality for this species.An indication of
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D3BCA1AFFBFFE5EFB02FDDFFACA" baseAuthorityName="Eversmann" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[430,605,1262,1287]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Timandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rectistrigaria">
<emphasis id="B949EAAACA1AFFBFFE5EFB02FDDFFACA" box="[430,605,1262,1287]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. rectistrigaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Kedrovaya Pad Nature Reserve (extreme southwest of Primorskii Krai, ~
<geoCoordinate id="EE09507FCA1AFFBFFF16FAFDFEA9FAE6" box="[230,299,1297,1323]" degrees="43" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="55555" value="43.0">43° N</geoCoordinate>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B49CA1AFFBFFEB1FAFDFE5BFAE6" author="Kurina, O." box="[321,473,1297,1323]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="3023320912" refId="ref27605" refString="Kurina, O. (2022 j) Timandra rectistrigaria (Eversmann, 1851), GBIF occurrence 3023320912. In: Estonian University of Life Sciences Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Entomological Collection. Estonian University of Life Sciences. Occurrence dataset accessed via GBIF. org. Available from: https: // www. gbif. org / occurrence / 3023320912 (assessed 4 February 2022) https: // doi. org / 10.15468 / qn 6223" type="book chapter" year="2022">Kurina 2022j</bibRefCitation>
) is highly doubtful, as the environment of this site—broadleaf and mixed forests with southern coniferous trees—is completely different from the characteristic habitats of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>