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<document id="BA36EDA85C5C433A11088B01F245B8F6" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.181100" ID-GBIF-Dataset="da5ea603-40bd-4b71-9fd7-852a6a4ed260" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="181100" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459826700131" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Webb, Donald W. &amp; Metz, Mark A." docDate="2008" docId="DB732851FFBD433DFF1FF9C6FE25F55F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01720p045.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1720" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Penniverpa alvatra Irwin &amp; Webb" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="274A5029FFBB4334FF88FFB1FFE6F725" masterDocTitle="A revision of the New World genus Penniverpa Irwin and Lyneborg (Diptera: Therevidae: Therevinae)" masterLastPageNumber="45" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1698222393792" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="593E36FA8CBC585279E69F81767DCCBF" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="71840360A0E12C01F2B61B0BD7F41072">A revision of the New World genus Penniverpa Irwin and Lyneborg (Diptera: Therevidae: Therevinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="0F138CB9B2D44EB2BC17D7E54EE75016">Webb, Donald W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="ABDF6E43B31F5B3D9A09069ECF01FA38">Metz, Mark A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="79177E5F18FC3B2596D016C7B7BFAB86">2008</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="18E3504575EA01EF21D9605DB6640E16" type="volume">
<mods:number id="B314BD5B55529D58161C87288B9A5538">1720</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="877D6BDB51A2463F81E5D3546B2407AB">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="EA68E829474944A676FF8A6C059303F7" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.181100</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DCD8FA788184218496FF50BF521E7DC7" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BAD3281745F155F1B07DCFFCE7FB5E48" type="Zenodo-Dep">181100</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="DB732851FFBD433DFF1FF9C6FE25F55F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6228392" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119356934" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6228392" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB732851FFBD433DFF1FF9C6FE25F55F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DB732851FFBD433DFF1FF9C6FE25F55F" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<subSubSection id="1BC0CACCFFBD4332FF1FF9C6FE96F191" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="53659947FFBD4332FF1FF9C6FDDDF1B4" blockId="6.[151,571,1655,1716]" box="[151,571,1655,1681]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="082D2E2BFFBD4332FF1FF9C6FDDDF1B4" bold="true" box="[151,571,1655,1681]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFBD4332FF1FF9C6FDDDF1B4" ID-CoL="76LCD" authority="Irwin &amp; Webb" authorityName="Irwin &amp; Webb" box="[151,571,1655,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Penniverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alvatra">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBD4332FF1FF9C6FDDDF1B4" bold="true" box="[151,571,1655,1681]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBD4332FF1FF9C6FE9BF1B4" bold="true" box="[151,381,1655,1681]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Penniverpa alvatra</emphasis>
Irwin &amp; Webb
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53659947FFBD4332FF1FF92BFE96F191" blockId="6.[151,571,1655,1716]" box="[151,368,1690,1716]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
(
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBD4332FF17F92BFEE9F191" box="[159,271,1690,1716]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[260,1316,390,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[258,1327,376,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Penniverpa alvatra. 1. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 2. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 3. Aedeagus dorsal view. 4. Aedeagus ventral view. 5. Aedeagus lateral view. 6. Female internal reproductive organs. FIGURES 7 – 11. Penniverpa bradleyi. 7. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 8. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 9. Aedeagus dorsal view. 10. Aedeagus ventral view. 11. Aedeagus lateral view. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181101/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 1–6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBD4332FE94F92BFEDAF191" box="[284,316,1690,1716]" captionStart="FIGURES 78 – 87" captionStartId="40.[151,269,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,435,1695]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[173,1425,434,1706]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 78 – 87. Penniverpa spp., female abdomens. 78. alvatra, 79. chersonesa, 80. dives, 81. epidema, 82. evani, 83. festina, 84. gracilis, 85. insular, 86. megaplax, 87. multisetosa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181108/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">78</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBD4332FEC0F92BFE80F191" box="[328,358,1690,1716]" captionStart="FIGURE 89" captionStartId="42.[151,255,1557,1581]" captionTargetBox="[266,1329,604,1472]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[214,1374,554,1534]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 89. Penniverpa spp., distribution map. alvatra (open circle), bradleyi (open square), dives (closed circle), evani (closed triangle), gracilis (open triangle), megaplax (asterisk), multisetosa (closed square)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181110/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">89</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1BC0CACCFFBD4333FF1FF95BFEB8F627" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
<paragraph id="53659947FFBD4332FF1FF95BFDC1F064" blockId="6.[151,1436,1770,1922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFBD4332FF1FF95BFE7CF024" authority="Irwin and Webb" authorityName="Irwin and Webb" box="[151,410,1770,1793]" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Penniverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alvatra">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBD4332FF1FF95BFF02F024" box="[151,228,1770,1793]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">alvatra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="374BE4B6FFBD4332FF64F95BFE7CF024" author="Irwin" box="[236,410,1770,1793]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" refString="Irwin, M. E. &amp; Webb, D. W. (1992 [1991]) Brasilian Therevidae (Diptera): a checklist and descriptions of species. Acta Amazonica, 21, 85 - 121." type="journal article" year="1992">Irwin and Webb</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(1992:88 checklist,
<specimenCount id="45DC52CEFFBD4332FDF2F95BFD39F024" box="[634,735,1770,1793]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">107 male</specimenCount>
desc. 109 dist.,
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBD4332FC1AF95BFC0CF024" box="[914,1002,1770,1793]" captionStart="FIGURES 78 – 87" captionStartId="40.[151,269,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,435,1695]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[173,1425,434,1706]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 78 – 87. Penniverpa spp., female abdomens. 78. alvatra, 79. chersonesa, 80. dives, 81. epidema, 82. evani, 83. festina, 84. gracilis, 85. insular, 86. megaplax, 87. multisetosa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181108/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Figs.
<specimenCount id="45DC52CEFFBD4332FC47F95BFC0CF024" box="[975,1002,1770,1793]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">79</specimenCount>
</figureCitation>
male ant.,
<specimenCount id="45DC52CEFFBD4332FBEDF95BFB5AF024" box="[1125,1212,1770,1793]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">80 male</specimenCount>
max. palp.,
<specimenCount id="45DC52CEFFBD4332FACDF95BFA7AF024" box="[1349,1436,1770,1793]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">81 male</specimenCount>
wing, 82–
<specimenCount id="45DC52CEFFBD4332FEBCF8BBFEA8F004" box="[308,334,1802,1825]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">87</specimenCount>
male genit., 88–89 fem. genit.) (
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFBD4332FD32F8BBFCD3F004" box="[698,821,1802,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Penniverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBD4332FD32F8BBFCD3F004" box="[698,821,1802,1825]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Penniverpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<typeStatus id="8C6127E5FFBD4332FCC5F8BBFC64F004" box="[845,898,1802,1825]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type</typeStatus>
locality
<collectingCountry id="2BCDD9D7FFBD4332FC6CF8BBFBCEF004" box="[996,1064,1802,1825]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, Roraima, Río Uraricoera, Ilha de Maracá.
<typeStatus id="8C6127E5FFBD4332FEACF89BFE61F064" box="[292,391,1834,1857]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male in INPA.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53659947FFBD4332FF1FF8FBFBE9F0A7" blockId="6.[151,1436,1770,1922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFBD4332FF1FF8FBFE5EF044" authority="Irwin and Webb" authorityName="Irwin and Webb" box="[151,440,1866,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Penniverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alvadusta">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBD4332FF1FF8FBFF19F044" box="[151,255,1866,1889]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">alvadusta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="374BE4B6FFBD4332FE80F8FBFE5EF044" author="Irwin" box="[264,440,1866,1889]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" refString="Irwin, M. E. &amp; Webb, D. W. (1992 [1991]) Brasilian Therevidae (Diptera): a checklist and descriptions of species. Acta Amazonica, 21, 85 - 121." type="journal article" year="1992">Irwin and Webb</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(1992:88 checklist, 106 fem. desc., 107 dist.,
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBD4332FC31F8FBFBDFF044" box="[953,1081,1866,1889]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 73 – 77" captionStart-1="FIGURES 78 – 87" captionStartId-0="39.[151,269,1695,1719]" captionStartId-1="40.[151,269,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox-0="[190,1426,378,1578]" captionTargetBox-1="[190,1398,435,1695]" captionTargetId-0="figure@39.[151,1436,376,1602]" captionTargetId-1="figure@40.[173,1425,434,1706]" captionTargetPageId-0="39" captionTargetPageId-1="40" captionText-0="FIGURES 73 – 77. Penniverpa unispinosa. 73. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 74. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 75. Aedeagus dorsal view. 76. Aedeagus ventral view. 77. Aedeagus lateral view. Scale = 0.1 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 78 – 87. Penniverpa spp., female abdomens. 78. alvatra, 79. chersonesa, 80. dives, 81. epidema, 82. evani, 83. festina, 84. gracilis, 85. insular, 86. megaplax, 87. multisetosa." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/181107/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/181108/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 77–78</figureCitation>
fem. genit.) (
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFBD4332FB5BF8FBFAA8F044" box="[1235,1358,1866,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Penniverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBD4332FB5BF8FBFAA8F044" box="[1235,1358,1866,1889]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Penniverpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<typeStatus id="8C6127E5FFBD4332FAEFF8FBFA7AF044" box="[1383,1436,1866,1889]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type</typeStatus>
locality
<collectingCountry id="2BCDD9D7FFBD4332FE96F8DBFE84F0A4" box="[286,354,1898,1921]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, Amazonas, Manaus.
<typeStatus id="8C6127E5FFBD4332FDC4F8DBFD49F0A4" box="[588,687,1898,1921]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female in INPA.
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBD4332FCE1F8DBFBE9F0A7" bold="true" box="[873,1039,1898,1922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">New synonym.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53659947FFBD4333FF1FF803FEB8F627" blockId="6.[151,1437,1970,2036]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
A re-examination of the
<typeStatus id="8C6127E5FFBD4332FE3DF803FDFAF0E9" box="[437,540,1970,1996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
female and two
<typeStatus id="8C6127E5FFBD4332FD56F803FCA8F0E9" box="[734,846,1970,1996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFBD4332FCFCF802FB92F0E9" box="[884,1140,1971,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Penniverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alvadusta">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBD4332FCFCF802FB92F0E9" box="[884,1140,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Penniverpa alvadusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
confirmed that the variation in abdominal coloration was conspecific with that observed in the
<typeStatus id="8C6127E5FFBD4332FC64F86BFBB7F0D1" box="[1004,1105,2010,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
females of
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBD4333FB68F86AFE8CF794" italics="true" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFBD4332FB68F86AFAB1F0D1" box="[1248,1367,2011,2036]" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Penniverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alvatra">P. alvatra</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFBD4333FAEDF86AFE8CF794" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Penniverpa" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alvadusta">Penniverpa alvadusta</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is thus synonymized under
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FD3EFF29FCD6F794" box="[694,816,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFBC4333FD3EFF29FCCBF794" box="[694,813,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Penniverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alvatra">P. alvatra</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
As first reviser, I chose
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FBDBFF29FB27F794" box="[1107,1217,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. a l v a t r a</emphasis>
as the valid name for this species because the
<typeStatus id="8C6127E5FFBC4333FE54FF71FDA5F7FF" box="[476,579,192,218]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FDE2FF71FD3EF7FC" box="[618,728,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. a l v a t r a</emphasis>
is a male and would best serve the stability and universality of nomenclature.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1BC0CACCFFBC4333FF4EFEBEFCAAF4F7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="53659947FFBC4333FF4EFEBEFE7BF53F" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FF4EFEBEFEA0F60C" bold="true" box="[198,326,271,297]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The male of
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFBC4333FE6AFEA1FD22F60C" box="[482,708,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Penniverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alvatra">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FE6AFEA1FD22F60C" box="[482,708,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Penniverpa alvatra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFBC4333FCD5FEA1FC50F60C" box="[861,950,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Penniverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dives">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FCD5FEA1FC50F60C" box="[861,950,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. dives</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having the tibiae concolorous with the femora; the gonocoxite lacking dark reddish brown macrosetae (
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBC4333FC02FE89FC28F677" box="[906,974,312,338]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[260,1316,390,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[258,1327,376,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Penniverpa alvatra. 1. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 2. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 3. Aedeagus dorsal view. 4. Aedeagus ventral view. 5. Aedeagus lateral view. 6. Female internal reproductive organs. FIGURES 7 – 11. Penniverpa bradleyi. 7. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 8. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 9. Aedeagus dorsal view. 10. Aedeagus ventral view. 11. Aedeagus lateral view. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
); in having setae continuous across the posterior margin of sternite 8 (
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBC4333FE75FED1FDA5F65F" box="[509,579,352,378]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[260,1316,390,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[258,1327,376,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Penniverpa alvatra. 1. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 2. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 3. Aedeagus dorsal view. 4. Aedeagus ventral view. 5. Aedeagus lateral view. 6. Female internal reproductive organs. FIGURES 7 – 11. Penniverpa bradleyi. 7. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 8. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 9. Aedeagus dorsal view. 10. Aedeagus ventral view. 11. Aedeagus lateral view. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
); the ventral lobe lacking a PVL (
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBC4333FC5EFED1FBF8F65F" box="[982,1054,352,378]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[260,1316,390,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[258,1327,376,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Penniverpa alvatra. 1. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 2. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 3. Aedeagus dorsal view. 4. Aedeagus ventral view. 5. Aedeagus lateral view. 6. Female internal reproductive organs. FIGURES 7 – 11. Penniverpa bradleyi. 7. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 8. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 9. Aedeagus dorsal view. 10. Aedeagus ventral view. 11. Aedeagus lateral view. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
); and the LGP of the gonostylus (
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBC4333FF17FE39FF00F687" box="[159,230,392,418]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[260,1316,390,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[258,1327,376,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Penniverpa alvatra. 1. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 2. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 3. Aedeagus dorsal view. 4. Aedeagus ventral view. 5. Aedeagus lateral view. 6. Female internal reproductive organs. FIGURES 7 – 11. Penniverpa bradleyi. 7. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 8. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 9. Aedeagus dorsal view. 10. Aedeagus ventral view. 11. Aedeagus lateral view. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) lacking a VMP. It differs from
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFBC4333FDEBFE39FD5AF684" box="[611,700,392,417]" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Penniverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dives">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FDEBFE39FD5AF684" box="[611,700,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. dives</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having the LGP of the gonostylus (
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBC4333FB08FE39FB21F687" box="[1152,1223,392,418]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[260,1316,390,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[258,1327,376,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Penniverpa alvatra. 1. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 2. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 3. Aedeagus dorsal view. 4. Aedeagus ventral view. 5. Aedeagus lateral view. 6. Female internal reproductive organs. FIGURES 7 – 11. Penniverpa bradleyi. 7. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 8. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 9. Aedeagus dorsal view. 10. Aedeagus ventral view. 11. Aedeagus lateral view. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) with short apical setae and the distiphallus in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBC4333FD13FE01FD13F6EF" box="[667,757,432,458]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 17" captionStartId="12.[151,269,1529,1553]" captionTargetBox="[260,1312,190,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[242,1345,152,1505]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 17. Penniverpa chersonesa. 12. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 13. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 14. Aedeagus dorsal view. 15. Aedeagus ventral view. 16. Aedeagus lateral view. 17. Female internal reproductive organs. FIGURES 18 – 23. Penniverpa dives. 18. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 19. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 20. Aedeagus dorsal view. 21. Aedeagus ventral view. 22. Aedeagus lateral view. 23. Female internal reproductive organs. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181102/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
) with small spines dorsolaterally or a few short dorsal spinous projections. The female differs from
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FD27FE69FCE3F6D4" box="[687,773,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. d i v e s</emphasis>
in having white pubescence posterolaterally on tergites 1–3 and 5–6 (
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBC4333FEB0FDB1FE69F53F" box="[312,399,512,538]" captionStart="FIGURES 78 – 87" captionStartId="40.[151,269,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,435,1695]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[173,1425,434,1706]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 78 – 87. Penniverpa spp., female abdomens. 78. alvatra, 79. chersonesa, 80. dives, 81. epidema, 82. evani, 83. festina, 84. gracilis, 85. insular, 86. megaplax, 87. multisetosa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181108/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 78</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53659947FFBC4333FF4EFD96FD50F567" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" box="[198,694,551,578]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FF4EFD96FE1CF564" bold="true" box="[198,506,551,577]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Redescription of MALE.</emphasis>
Variation (n=4)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53659947FFBC4333FF4EFDE1FDC0F54F" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" box="[198,550,592,618]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Body length 7.0–8.0,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FE4CFDE1FDC4F54F" box="[452,546,592,618]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="7.3">7.3 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53659947FFBC4333FF4EFDC6FCAAF4F7" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FF4EFDC6FEF6F5B4" bold="true" box="[198,272,631,657]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Head.</emphasis>
Length 0.77–0.90,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FE75FDC9FD8AF5B7" box="[509,620,632,658]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.86">0.86 mm</quantity>
. Ocellar tubercle dark reddish brown, pubescence gray; setae black, elongate. Ommatidia of equal size. Frons with silver pubescence; setae absent. Antenna dark brown, gray pubescense on scape and pedicel, antenna/head length 0.69–0.77, 0.74; scape length 0.12–0.18,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FAA0FD79FA7EF5C7" box="[1320,1432,712,738]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.16">0.16 mm</quantity>
; width 0.09–0.10,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FEEBFD41FE29F42F" box="[355,463,752,778]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.10 mm</quantity>
, length/width 1.3–1.8, 1.6, scape/pedicel length 1.5–2.0, 1.9, scape/flagellum width 0.9–1.0, 1.0, setae dark brown, short; pedicel length 0.08–0.09,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FC05FCA9FC1DF417" box="[909,1019,792,818]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.08">0.08 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FBDAFCA9FB59F417" box="[1106,1215,792,818]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.10 mm</quantity>
, length/width 0.8– 0.9, 0.8; flagellum length 0.38–0.42,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FDD3FCF1FD2CF47F" box="[603,714,832,858]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.40 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FCAEFCF1FC73F47F" box="[806,917,832,858]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.10 mm</quantity>
, length/width 3.8–4.2, 4.0, flagellum/scape length 2.3–3.3, 2.7. Maxillary palpus dark brown; length 0.38–0.44,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FC5FFCD9FBA0F4A7" box="[983,1094,872,898]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.41">0.41 mm</quantity>
, width 0.06–0.08,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FAA1FCD9FA7EF4A7" box="[1321,1432,872,898]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.07">0.07 mm</quantity>
, length width 5.5–7.0, 6.4. Occipital setae white, sparse dorsally; macrosetae dark reddish brown, extending ventrally in single row from lateral end of postocular setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1BC0CACCFFBC433CFF4EFC6EFF3FF7FF" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
<paragraph id="53659947FFBC4333FF4EFC6EFA9AF3E7" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FF4EFC6EFECCF4DC" bold="true" box="[198,298,991,1017]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Thorax.</emphasis>
Macrosetae 3 np, 2 sa. Mesonotum black, pubescence silver gray, dense; setae white, elongate, erect intermixed with black, short subappressed setae. Pleuron pubescence silver gray; setae white on propleuron, anepisternum, katepisternum, laterotergite and scutellum.
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FC03FB81FC29F36C" box="[907,975,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Wing.</emphasis>
Membrane pale whitish brown, veins brown; pterostigma pale brown; length 5.2–6.5,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FD52FBE9FCDCF357" box="[730,826,1112,1138]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="6.2">6.2 mm</quantity>
, width 1.8–2.3,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FC75FBE9FBBAF357" box="[1021,1116,1112,1138]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
, length/width 2.9–3.0, 2.9. Halter dark brown.
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FE0DFB31FE22F3BC" box="[389,452,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Legs.</emphasis>
Coxa dark brown, pubescence gray, setae white; hindcoxa with anterior papillate knob. Femora dark brown; ventral setae white; av 1:0:2–3; pv 0:0:6–7. Tibiae and tarsi dark brown, glossy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53659947FFBC4333FF4EFB7EFB68F124" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FF4EFB7EFEAEF3CC" bold="true" box="[198,328,1231,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Dark reddish brown to black, pubescence silver; dorsal setae white, elongate, appressed.
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFBC4333FAE4FB61FF17F234" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" genus="Terminalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FAE4FB61FF17F234" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Terminalia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(MEI 006898). Sternite 8 (
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBC4333FDA6FB49FD94F237" box="[558,626,1272,1298]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[260,1316,390,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[258,1327,376,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Penniverpa alvatra. 1. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 2. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 3. Aedeagus dorsal view. 4. Aedeagus ventral view. 5. Aedeagus lateral view. 6. Female internal reproductive organs. FIGURES 7 – 11. Penniverpa bradleyi. 7. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 8. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 9. Aedeagus dorsal view. 10. Aedeagus ventral view. 11. Aedeagus lateral view. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), posterior margin broadly emarginate; setae dark brown, continuous across posterior margin. Gonocoxite ventral view (
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBC4333FC80FA91FCB7F21F" box="[776,849,1312,1338]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[260,1316,390,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[258,1327,376,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Penniverpa alvatra. 1. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 2. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 3. Aedeagus dorsal view. 4. Aedeagus ventral view. 5. Aedeagus lateral view. 6. Female internal reproductive organs. FIGURES 7 – 11. Penniverpa bradleyi. 7. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 8. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 9. Aedeagus dorsal view. 10. Aedeagus ventral view. 11. Aedeagus lateral view. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), setae dark brown; ventral lobe (
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBC4333FB74FA91FAAFF21F" box="[1276,1353,1312,1338]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[260,1316,390,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[258,1327,376,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Penniverpa alvatra. 1. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 2. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 3. Aedeagus dorsal view. 4. Aedeagus ventral view. 5. Aedeagus lateral view. 6. Female internal reproductive organs. FIGURES 7 – 11. Penniverpa bradleyi. 7. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 8. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 9. Aedeagus dorsal view. 10. Aedeagus ventral view. 11. Aedeagus lateral view. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
), PVL absent. Gonostylus dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBC4333FDAEFAF9FD97F247" box="[550,625,1352,1378]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[260,1316,390,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[258,1327,376,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Penniverpa alvatra. 1. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 2. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 3. Aedeagus dorsal view. 4. Aedeagus ventral view. 5. Aedeagus lateral view. 6. Female internal reproductive organs. FIGURES 7 – 11. Penniverpa bradleyi. 7. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 8. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 9. Aedeagus dorsal view. 10. Aedeagus ventral view. 11. Aedeagus lateral view. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
), LGP oblong, apical macrosetae short, dark brown, VMP absent. Aedeagus with dorsal apodeme emarginate anteriorly (
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBC4333FCA0FAC1FC94F2AF" box="[808,882,1392,1418]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[260,1316,390,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[258,1327,376,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Penniverpa alvatra. 1. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 2. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 3. Aedeagus dorsal view. 4. Aedeagus ventral view. 5. Aedeagus lateral view. 6. Female internal reproductive organs. FIGURES 7 – 11. Penniverpa bradleyi. 7. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 8. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 9. Aedeagus dorsal view. 10. Aedeagus ventral view. 11. Aedeagus lateral view. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
); ventral apodeme (
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBC4333FBEDFAC1FB49F2AF" box="[1125,1199,1392,1418]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[260,1316,390,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[258,1327,376,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Penniverpa alvatra. 1. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 2. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 3. Aedeagus dorsal view. 4. Aedeagus ventral view. 5. Aedeagus lateral view. 6. Female internal reproductive organs. FIGURES 7 – 11. Penniverpa bradleyi. 7. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 8. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 9. Aedeagus dorsal view. 10. Aedeagus ventral view. 11. Aedeagus lateral view. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
), extending beyond anterior margin of dorsal apodeme; distiphallus dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBC4333FCF9FA29FC5CF297" box="[881,954,1432,1458]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[260,1316,390,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[258,1327,376,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Penniverpa alvatra. 1. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 2. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 3. Aedeagus dorsal view. 4. Aedeagus ventral view. 5. Aedeagus lateral view. 6. Female internal reproductive organs. FIGURES 7 – 11. Penniverpa bradleyi. 7. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 8. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 9. Aedeagus dorsal view. 10. Aedeagus ventral view. 11. Aedeagus lateral view. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), broad basally, tapered posteriorly with small apical flange, and large dorsolateral spinous projections absent, ventral view (
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBC4333FB07FA71FB3CF2FF" box="[1167,1242,1472,1498]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[260,1316,390,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[258,1327,376,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Penniverpa alvatra. 1. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 2. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 3. Aedeagus dorsal view. 4. Aedeagus ventral view. 5. Aedeagus lateral view. 6. Female internal reproductive organs. FIGURES 7 – 11. Penniverpa bradleyi. 7. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 8. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 9. Aedeagus dorsal view. 10. Aedeagus ventral view. 11. Aedeagus lateral view. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
), AAP elongate with apical spinous projections directed dorsally, lateral view (
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBC4333FCFCFA59FC5DF127" box="[884,955,1512,1538]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[260,1316,390,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[258,1327,376,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Penniverpa alvatra. 1. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 2. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 3. Aedeagus dorsal view. 4. Aedeagus ventral view. 5. Aedeagus lateral view. 6. Female internal reproductive organs. FIGURES 7 – 11. Penniverpa bradleyi. 7. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 8. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 9. Aedeagus dorsal view. 10. Aedeagus ventral view. 11. Aedeagus lateral view. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
), sinuate apically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53659947FFBC4333FF4EF9BEFDFAF10F" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" box="[198,540,1551,1578]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FF4EF9BEFEADF10C" bold="true" box="[198,331,1551,1577]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FEMALE.</emphasis>
Variation (n=10).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53659947FFBC4333FF4EF989FDC0F177" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" box="[198,550,1592,1618]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Body length 7.8–8.8, 8.0 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53659947FFBC4333FF4EF9EEFAEAF067" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FF4EF9EEFEF6F15C" bold="true" box="[198,272,1631,1657]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Head.</emphasis>
Length 0.70–0.83,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FD89F9D1FD96F15F" box="[513,624,1632,1658]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.79">0.79 mm</quantity>
. Frons pubescence white, dense; setae black, short, on dorsal half. Antenna /head length 0.7–0.8, 0.8; scape length 0.16–0.20,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FCC6F939FC5CF187" box="[846,954,1672,1698]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.17">0.17 mm</quantity>
, width 0.10–0.12,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FB1BF939FB1BF187" box="[1171,1277,1672,1698]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.11">0.11 mm</quantity>
, length/width 1.3–1.7, 1.6, scape/pedicel length 1.6–2.3, 2.0, scape/flagellum width 0.8–1.0, 0.9; pedicel length 0.08–0.10,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FF1FF969FEE4F1D7" box="[151,258,1752,1778]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.09">0.09 mm</quantity>
, width 0.10–0.12, 0.11, length/width 0.7–1.0, 0.8; flagellum length 0.36–0.48,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FB13F969FAE0F1D7" box="[1179,1286,1752,1778]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.42">0.42 mm</quantity>
, width 0.11– 0.14,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FF52F8B1FEA0F03F" box="[218,326,1792,1818]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.12">0.12 mm</quantity>
, length/width 3.0–4.0, 3.5, flagellum/scape length 2.2–2.9, 2.5. Maxillary palpus length 0.30– 0.44,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FF51F899FEA2F067" box="[217,324,1832,1858]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.41">0.41 mm</quantity>
, width 0.08–0.09,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FD96F899FD6EF067" box="[542,648,1832,1858]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.08">0.08 mm</quantity>
, length/width 3.8–5.5, 5.0; setae dark brown, elongate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53659947FFBC4333FF4EF8FEFC80F0B7" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FF4EF8FEFECCF04C" bold="true" box="[198,298,1871,1897]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Thorax.</emphasis>
Macrosetae 3 np, 2 sa.
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FDB7F8E1FD62F04C" box="[575,644,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Wing.</emphasis>
Length 5.2–7.0,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FCC4F8E1FC4FF04F" box="[844,937,1872,1898]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="6.3">6.3 mm</quantity>
, width 1.8–2.0,
<quantity id="942234A2FFBC4333FBEDF8E1FB24F04F" box="[1125,1218,1872,1898]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
, length/width 2.7– 3.5, 3.2.
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FF75F8C9FEDAF0B4" box="[253,316,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Legs.</emphasis>
Anteroventral macrosetae 1:0:1–4, pv 0:0:2–5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53659947FFBC4333FF4EF82EFA7AF0C7" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFBC4333FF4EF82EFEAEF09C" bold="true" box="[198,328,1951,1977]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Dark reddish brown, glossy (
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFBC4333FD26F811FCE1F09F" box="[686,775,1952,1978]" captionStart="FIGURES 78 – 87" captionStartId="40.[151,269,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,435,1695]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[173,1425,434,1706]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 78 – 87. Penniverpa spp., female abdomens. 78. alvatra, 79. chersonesa, 80. dives, 81. epidema, 82. evani, 83. festina, 84. gracilis, 85. insular, 86. megaplax, 87. multisetosa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181108/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 78</figureCitation>
), tergites 1–3, 5–6 with white pubescence posterolaterally; dorsal setae dark brown on dark brown areas, white, elongate across posterior margins of tergites 1–3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53659947FFB3433CFF1FFF29FF3FF7FF" blockId="8.[151,1436,152,338]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFB3433CFF1FFF29FEF2F794" box="[151,276,152,177]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" genus="Terminalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFB3433CFF1FFF29FEF2F794" box="[151,276,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Terminalia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(MEI 147855). Furca (
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFB3433CFDB9FF29FD9CF797" box="[561,634,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[260,1316,390,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[258,1327,376,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Penniverpa alvatra. 1. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 2. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 3. Aedeagus dorsal view. 4. Aedeagus ventral view. 5. Aedeagus lateral view. 6. Female internal reproductive organs. FIGURES 7 – 11. Penniverpa bradleyi. 7. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 8. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 9. Aedeagus dorsal view. 10. Aedeagus ventral view. 11. Aedeagus lateral view. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181101/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
) oblong; length
<quantity id="942234A2FFB3433CFCCBFF29FC57F797" box="[835,945,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.74">0.74 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="942234A2FFB3433CFB84FF29FB9CF797" box="[1036,1146,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.30 mm</quantity>
; anterolateral projection short.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1BC0CACCFFB3433DFF4EFF56FE25F55F" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="53659947FFB3433CFF4EFF56FD75F677" blockId="8.[151,1436,152,338]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFB3433CFF4EFF56FE81F624" bold="true" box="[198,359,231,257]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFB3433CFEE6FF59FDB7F624" box="[366,593,232,257]" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Penniverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alvatra">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFB3433CFEE6FF59FDB7F624" box="[366,593,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Penniverpa alvatra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from northern
<collectingCountry id="2BCDD9D7FFB3433CFCFDFF59FC5BF627" box="[885,957,232,258]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Brazil</collectingCountry>
and southern
<collectingCountry id="2BCDD9D7FFB3433CFBEAFF59FB3CF627" box="[1122,1242,232,258]" name="Venezuela" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="CBE185C2FFB3433CFB62FF59FAA4F627" box="[1258,1346,232,258]" captionStart="FIGURE 89" captionStartId="42.[151,255,1557,1581]" captionTargetBox="[266,1329,604,1472]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[214,1374,554,1534]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 89. Penniverpa spp., distribution map. alvatra (open circle), bradleyi (open square), dives (closed circle), evani (closed triangle), gracilis (open triangle), megaplax (asterisk), multisetosa (closed square)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181110/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 89</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFB3433CFF4EFEBEFE1CF60C" bold="true" box="[198,506,271,297]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Habitats and phenology.</emphasis>
Specimens of
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFB3433CFD24FEA1FC77F60C" box="[684,913,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Penniverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alvatra">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFB3433CFD24FEA1FC77F60C" box="[684,913,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Penniverpa alvatra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been hand-netted or collected in Malaise traps in March, May, July, and August.
</paragraph>
<caption id="07A5C9CFFFB3433CFF1FF8BFFF2EF095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181101/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[260,1316,390,1805]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="53659947FFB3433CFF1FF8BFFF2EF095" blockId="8.[151,1436,1806,1968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFB3433CFF1FF8BFFEA4F003" bold="true" box="[151,322,1806,1830]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURES 1–6.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFB3433CFED8F8BEFDC0F003" box="[336,550,1807,1830]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFB3433CFED8F8BEFDC4F003" box="[336,546,1807,1830]" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Penniverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alvatra">Penniverpa alvatra</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
1. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 2. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 3. Aedeagus dorsal view. 4. Aedeagus ventral view. 5. Aedeagus lateral view. 6. Female internal reproductive organs.
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFB3433CFE96F8E2FE3EF04E" bold="true" box="[286,472,1875,1899]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURES 7–11.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFB3433CFE68F8E5FD22F04E" box="[480,708,1876,1899]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFB3433CFE68F8E5FD26F04E" box="[480,704,1876,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Penniverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bradleyi">Penniverpa bradleyi</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
7. Sternite 8, hypandrium, gonocoxite ventral view. 8. Gonostylus and ventral lobe dorsal view. 9. Aedeagus dorsal view. 10. Aedeagus ventral view. 11. Aedeagus lateral view. Scale = 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="53659947FFB2433DFF4EFF26FE25F55F" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,634]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFB2433DFF4EFF26FE32F794" bold="true" box="[198,468,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFB2433DFE57FF29FD75F794" box="[479,659,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<typeStatus id="8C6127E5FFB2433DFE57FF29FDF2F794" box="[479,532,152,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type</typeStatus>
specimen.
</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="8C6127E5FFB2433DFD50FF29FCD8F797" box="[728,830,152,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male of
<taxonomicName id="94DAE2C4FFB2433DFC39FF29FAB7F797" authority="Irwin &amp; Webb" authorityName="Irwin &amp; Webb" box="[945,1361,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Penniverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alvatra">
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFB2433DFC39FF29FB71F794" box="[945,1175,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Penniverpa alvatra</emphasis>
Irwin &amp; Webb
</taxonomicName>
(MEI 006898) is labeled “
<collectingCountry id="2BCDD9D7FFB2433DFE03FF71FE1DF7FF" box="[395,507,192,218]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">BRASIL</collectingCountry>
: Roraima, Ilha de Maraca,
<date id="2764BF87FFB2433DFCC1FF71FC0BF7FF" box="[841,1005,192,218]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1987-03-02" valueMax="1987-03-13" valueMin="1987-03-02">2–13.III.1987</date>
, J. A. Rafael, J. E. R.
<collectingCountry id="2BCDD9D7FFB2433DFA80FF71FAB7F7FF" box="[1288,1361,192,218]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Brasil</collectingCountry>
, L. S. Aquino” [-2.117, -56.117] and is in INPA.
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFB2433DFD3FFF59FC6FF624" box="[695,905,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Other specimens.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFB2433DFC1EFF56FB4FF624" bold="true" box="[918,1193,231,257]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<collectingCountry id="2BCDD9D7FFB2433DFC1EFF56FBEFF624" box="[918,1033,231,257]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. AMAZONAS
</emphasis>
. Manaus [-3.105, - 60.027],
<date id="2764BF87FFB2433DFE8BFEA1FE64F60F" box="[259,386,272,298]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1978-10-28">28.X.1978</date>
, Rafael, J.A., 1Ψ MEI 0 0 6909 (INHS).
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFB2433DFCE6FEBEFC08F60C" bold="true" box="[878,1006,271,297]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">RORAIMA.</emphasis>
Rio Uraricoera, Ilha de Maraca, [- 2.117, -56.117],
<date id="2764BF87FFB2433DFED6FE89FDF7F677" box="[350,529,312,338]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1987-03-20" valueMax="1987-03-30" valueMin="1987-03-20">20–30.III.1987</date>
, Aquino, L.S., 3ɗ MEI 0 0 6899 (INHS), 3Ψ MEI 0 0 6903, 0 0 6907 (INPA), 0 0 6908 (MEIC), Malaise trap;
<date id="2764BF87FFB2433DFD92FED1FD54F65F" box="[538,690,352,378]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1987-05-02" valueMax="1987-05-13" valueMin="1987-05-02">2–13.V.1987</date>
, Rafael, J.A.,
<collectingCountry id="2BCDD9D7FFB2433DFCE1FED1FC54F65F" box="[873,946,352,378]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Brasil</collectingCountry>
, J.E.R., Aquino, L.S., 4Ψ MEI 0 0 6900 (USNM), 0 0 6904 (MZSP), 006905–6 (INPA);
<date id="2764BF87FFB2433DFD42FE39FCB9F687" box="[714,863,392,418]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1988-03-01" valueMax="1988-03-04" valueMin="1988-03-01">1–4.III.1988</date>
, Rafael, J.A., 2Ψ MEI 0 0 6901 (INHS), 0 0 6902 (INPA), Malaise trap; Bonfim Ig. Arraia, Warredu [3.0833, -59.9500], –
<date id="2764BF87FFB2433DFB89FE02FB84F6E8" box="[1025,1122,435,461]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1991-05">V–1991</date>
, Rafael, J.A., Rocha, R.A., Vidal, J., 1ɗ MEI 147879, 1Ψ 147855 (INPA).
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFB2433DFD37FE51FCABF6DF" bold="true" box="[703,845,480,506]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">RONDONIA.</emphasis>
Ouro, Preto do Oeste, Igarapé Mandi [-10.6667, -62.3],
<date id="2764BF87FFB2433DFF7FFDBFFE53F50D" box="[247,437,526,552]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1995-07-06" valueMax="1995-07-12" valueMin="1995-07-06">06–12.VII.1995</date>
, Rafael, J.A., Vidal, J. 1Ψ MEI 147881 (INPA), Malaise trap.
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFB2433DFB19FDBFFA7AF50D" bold="true" box="[1169,1436,526,552]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<collectingCountry id="2BCDD9D7FFB2433DFB19FDBFFAAFF50D" box="[1169,1353,526,552]" name="Venezuela" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
. AMA-
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="61AE4555FFB2433DFF1FFD8AFF08F574" bold="true" box="[151,238,567,593]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ZONAS.</emphasis>
San Carlos de Rio Negro [1.917, -67.067],
<quantity id="942234A2FFB2433DFD73FD89FCACF577" box="[763,842,568,594]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="125.0">125 m</quantity>
,
<date id="2764BF87FFB2433DFCDFFD89FBF8F577" box="[855,1054,568,594]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1976-08-19" valueMax="1976-08-31" valueMin="1976-08-19">19–31.VIII.1976</date>
, Salcedo, J., Ag. Fernandez, B., 1ɗ MEI
<date id="2764BF87FFB2433DFF75FDD1FEB3F55F" box="[253,341,608,634]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="44-12-16">121644</date>
(MIZA).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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