treatments-xml/data/59/7B/87/597B87E9B500E528FD28E13E9795F8AD.xml

<document id="B4B3C59A45FBF541D93958DAB815F588" ID-CLB-Dataset="294601" ID-DOI="10.1590/1982-0224-2020-0152" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8b061a51-2cfe-437a-9c64-da31a3e9d163" ID-ISSN="1982-0224" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050866" ID-ZooBank="F76D36B7-40AF-4AD3-AB62-435615D69F28" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1712844381871" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Melo, Marcelo R. S., Bouquerel, Bárbara B., Masumoto, Flávia T., França, Rayane S. &amp; Netto-Ferreira, André L." docDate="2021" docId="597B87E9B500E528FD28E13E9795F8AD" docLanguage="en" docName="NeotropIchthyol.2021.19.2.e200152.pdf" docOrigin="Neotropical Ichthyology (Neotrop. Ichthyol.) 19 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2020-0152" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FC0C3FD10650AF21F8DA93D98D275823.1:NeotropIchthyol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="FC0C3FD10650AF21F8DA93D98D275823" docStyleName="NeotropIchthyol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Characidium kalunga Melo &amp; Bouquerel &amp; Masumoto &amp; França &amp; Netto-Ferreira 2021, new species" docType="treatment" docUuid="1B75F475-E28A-4BD9-8571-E6FD51296B18" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="A542FF91B502E523FFD7E526957CFFB6" masterDocTitle="A new species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="20" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1713899633765" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="B9D965B74FCE7B7CF1E8373D258B2F14">A new species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C50FEDAD56D441EAD1CC9A0D678EB5A6">Melo, Marcelo R. S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B4D798ED54E8F081AE999F148183DDFF">Laboratório de Diversidade, Ecologia e Evolução de Peixes, Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508 - 120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. (MRSM) melomar @ usp. br (corresponding author); (BBB) bb. bouquerel @ usp. br; (FTM) flavia. masumoto @ usp. br; (RSF) rayane. franca @ usp. br.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="632B9055EFB3F0B855A16D60470D3EA3">Bouquerel, Bárbara B.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7628AD900F39C1BA18856E005F41E585">Laboratório de Diversidade, Ecologia e Evolução de Peixes, Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508 - 120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. (MRSM) melomar @ usp. br (corresponding author); (BBB) bb. bouquerel @ usp. br; (FTM) flavia. masumoto @ usp. br; (RSF) rayane. franca @ usp. br.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C9D6E3E3F7070F3055E252B3F7AC106E">Masumoto, Flávia T.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C861D96456948B3ED517B5FE015BA31F">Laboratório de Diversidade, Ecologia e Evolução de Peixes, Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508 - 120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. (MRSM) melomar @ usp. br (corresponding author); (BBB) bb. bouquerel @ usp. br; (FTM) flavia. masumoto @ usp. br; (RSF) rayane. franca @ usp. br.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="30936C94BD9AC79C9926C69B1F30E09A">França, Rayane S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="849FA6DF0F848A0AD1F86E9663514618">Laboratório de Diversidade, Ecologia e Evolução de Peixes, Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508 - 120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. (MRSM) melomar @ usp. br (corresponding author); (BBB) bb. bouquerel @ usp. br; (FTM) flavia. masumoto @ usp. br; (RSF) rayane. franca @ usp. br.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="ADDD7FF10BBE8190640837BE8B526FA5">Netto-Ferreira, André L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="08C4EADE4FB8BAB674EE6D629D6ECF44">Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501 - 970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. (ALNF) alnferreira @ gmail. com.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="2431A8C6C904F67A1367BDA5DC643D28">Neotropical Ichthyology</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB500E521FD28E13E9176FB87" authority="Melo &amp; Bouquerel &amp; Masumoto &amp; França &amp; Netto-Ferreira, 2021" authorityName="Melo &amp; Bouquerel &amp; Masumoto &amp; França &amp; Netto-Ferreira" authorityYear="2021" box="[767,1034,1048,1073]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalunga" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB500E521FD28E13E9176FB87" bold="true" box="[767,1034,1048,1073]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Characidium kalunga</emphasis>
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, 
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(
<figureCitation id="49E92A7AB500E521FCB9E18896AAFB70" box="[878,982,1198,1222]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStart-6="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="3.[488,561,940,960]" captionStartId-1="4.[136,209,1836,1856]" captionStartId-2="6.[136,209,902,922]" captionStartId-3="7.[136,209,902,922]" captionStartId-4="7.[136,208,1836,1856]" captionStartId-5="9.[488,561,1836,1856]" captionStartId-6="10.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox-0="[562,1384,171,880]" captionTargetBox-1="[263,1332,804,1775]" captionTargetBox-2="[317,1277,179,844]" captionTargetBox-3="[143,1451,179,836]" captionTargetBox-4="[374,1220,1143,1777]" captionTargetBox-5="[488,1459,683,1776]" captionTargetBox-6="[572,1369,1146,1733]" captionTargetId-0="figure-59@3.[562,1384,171,880]" captionTargetId-1="figure-300@4.[263,1332,801,1776]" captionTargetId-2="figure-366@6.[309,1286,171,844]" captionTargetId-3="figure-124@7.[136,1459,171,847]" captionTargetId-4="figure-167@7.[374,1220,1143,1777]" captionTargetId-5="figure-176@9.[488,1459,683,1776]" captionTargetId-6="figure-301@10.[566,1380,1141,1738]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionTargetPageId-4="7" captionTargetPageId-5="9" captionTargetPageId-6="10" captionText-0="FIGURE 1 | Characidium kalunga in lateral (top), ventral (middle) and dorsal (bottom) views, holotype, MZUSP 125824, 40.5 mm SL, rio Almécegas at Cachoeira de Almécegas, Chapada dos Veadeiros, Alto Paraíso de Goiás, Brazil." captionText-1="FIGURE 2 | Paratypes of Characidium kalunga, MZUSP 114054, A. 15.3 mm SL, B. 18.2 mm SL, C. 21.4 mm SL, D. 29.7 mm SP, E. 30.9 mm SL, and F. 48.7 mm SL. Scale bar = 5 mm, Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil." captionText-2="FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics of head in Characidium kalunga, MZUSP 114054, paratype. A. Right upper jaw in medial view; B. Right dentary in medial view; C. Skull in dorsal view. Abbreviations: ANT, antorbital; DEN, dentary; dent, dentary teeth; dentr, replacement dentary teeth; DPSO, dorsal process of the supraoccipital; ESC, extrascapular; FR, frontal; fo, fontanel; IO 1–6, infraorbitals 1 to 6; METH, mesethmoid; MX, maxilla; NA, nasal; PAR, parietal; PMX, premaxilla; pmxt, premaxilarry teeth; pmxtr, replacement premaxillary teeth; PTE, pterotic; POST, posttemporal; SUO, supraorbital; soc, supraorbital canal; and socpb, parietal branch of the supraorbital canal. Scale bar = 1 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 4 | Osteological characteristics of fins in Characidium kalunga, MZUSP 114054, paratype. A. Left pectoral girdle in lateral view; B. Caudal peduncle in lateral view – left intermuscular bones removed. Abbreviations: arrow, position of anus; asterisk, first caudal vertebra; CEN, centrum; CLE, cleithrum; COR, coracoid; ESC, extrascapular; LLS1, first lateral-line scale; HS3, third haemal spine; MCO, mesocoracoid; NS, neural spine; PCP, posterior cleithral process; PR, pleural rib; PRAF 1+2, fused anal-fin proximal radials 1 and 2; PTC1, postcleithrum 1; PTC2, postcleithrum 2; PTC3, postcleithrum 3; POST, posttemporal; SC, scapula; SCL, supracleithrum. Scale bar = 1 mm." captionText-4="FIGURE 5 | Humeral hiatus in Characidium kalunga, MZUSP 114054, 42.0 mm SL, paratype. Abbreviations: LLN, lateral-line nerve; LS, lateralis superficialis; OI, obliquus inferioris; OS, obliquus superioris; PR5, pleural rib of fifth vertebra. Scale bar = 1 mm." captionText-5="FIGURE 6 | Underwater photography of Characidium kalunga in the rio Preto, at the Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil (not collected)." captionText-6="FIGURE 7 | Map of the Chapada dos Veadeiros indicating the known distribution of Characidium: circles represent Characidium kalunga, triangles, C. xanthopterum, and diamonds, C. stigmosum. Black symbols indicate the type locality and white symbols other records." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050871" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050873" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050876" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050878" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050880" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050882" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050884" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11050871/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11050873/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/11050876/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/11050878/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/11050880/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/11050882/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/11050884/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 1–7</figureCitation>
, 
<tableCitation id="9C500344B500E521FC34E1889156FB70" box="[995,1066,1198,1222]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="8.[136,198,193,213]" captionTargetId="graphics-33@8.[135,1459,386,1120]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 1 | Morphometric data for Characidium kalunga. Values for the holotype (MZUSP 125824) and 25 paratypes (MZUSP 114056, 114058). Abbreviations: N, number of specimens; SD, Standard deviation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/85AD6677B50AE52BFF5FE5E7979AFF4D" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" tableUuid="85AD6677B50AE52BFF5FE5E7979AFF4D">Tab. 1</tableCitation>
)
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<materialsCitation id="61BA3CA2B500E521FDD1E1DF97C8FA37" collectingDate="2012-11-28" collectionCode="V" collectorName="Cachoeira de Almecegas II &amp; dos Couros &amp; J. L. Birindelli &amp; F. C. Dagosta &amp; Loeb &amp; C. Santos." country="Brazil" county="Alto Paraiso" latitude="-14.186389" location="Cachoeira de Almecegas" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-47.604164" municipality="rio Almecegas" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="MZUSP 125824" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Goias" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="0E69885DB500E521FDD1E1DF9700FAA7" box="[518,636,1273,1297]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="81749E84B500E521FD50E1DF963EFAA6" box="[647,834,1272,1297]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">MZUSP 125824</specimenCode>
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SL, male, 
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de Goiás, 
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at 
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II
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, tributary of rio 
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, rio Tocantins basin, 
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<geoCoordinate id="B4E65038B500E521FD6CE0659630FAED" box="[699,844,1347,1371]" degrees="47" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="15" seconds="15" value="-47.604164">47°36’15’’W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="A56C103FB500E521FC8CE065968BFAED" box="[859,1015,1347,1371]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2012-11-28">
<collectingDate id="B528E9D7B500E521FC8CE065968BFAED" box="[859,1015,1347,1371]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2012-11-28">28 Nov 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="7C275329B500E521FBD1E06291D1FAED" box="[1030,1197,1347,1371]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">J. L. Birindelli</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="7C275329B500E521FB6BE0629023FAEA" box="[1212,1375,1347,1372]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">F. C. Dagosta</collectorName>
, M. 
<collectionCode id="B7C3AE3AB500E521FA4FE06290D3FAED" box="[1432,1455,1348,1371]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="7C275329B500E521FE3FE04E975DFA36" box="[488,545,1384,1408]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Loeb</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="7C275329B500E521FD94E04F97C8FA37" box="[579,692,1385,1409]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">C. Santos.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB500E521FDD1E0959139F8AD" blockId="2.[487,1461,1459,1819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<materialsCitation id="61BA3CA2B500E521FDD1E0959743FA47" collectionCode="MNRJ" collectorName="Alto Paraiso" country="Brazil" location="All" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="MNRJ 52533, 4" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Goias" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB500E521FDD1E09597FFFA7D" bold="true" box="[518,643,1459,1483]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<typeStatus id="0E69885DB500E521FDD1E0959702FA7D" box="[518,638,1459,1483]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<location id="D40D6024B500E521FD5EE09597D6FA7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:597B87E9B500E528FD28E13E9795F8AD:D40D6024B500E521FD5EE09597D6FA7D" box="[649,682,1459,1483]" country="Brazil" name="All" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="Goias">All</location>
from 
<collectingCountry id="A9C5766FB500E521FD39E095964EFA7D" box="[750,818,1459,1483]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="1316F81DB500E521FCEAE0959603FA7D" box="[829,895,1459,1483]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Goiás</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectorName id="7C275329B500E521FC5DE095916DFA7D" box="[906,1041,1459,1483]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Alto Paraíso</collectorName>
de Goiás. 
<specimenCode id="81749E84B500E521FB51E0929063FA7D" box="[1158,1311,1459,1483]" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">MNRJ 52533</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="81749E84B500E521FAFDE0959046FA7D" box="[1322,1338,1459,1483]" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">4</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="162A9B1AB500E521FA92E0959768FA46" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.53" metricValueMax="4.1899999999999995" metricValueMin="2.87" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="35.3" valueMax="41.9" valueMin="28.7">28.7–41.9 mm</quantity>
SL
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="61BA3CA2B500E521FD98E0FF9116FA47" box="[591,1130,1496,1521]" collectingDate="2012-11-28" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" county="Alto Paraiso" latitude="-14.186389" location="Cachoeira de Almecegas" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-47.604164" municipality="rio Almecegas" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="MZUSP 114056, 60" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Goias" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="81749E84B500E521FD98E0FF9672FA46" box="[591,782,1496,1521]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">MZUSP 114056</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="81749E84B500E521FCCAE0FE9644FA46" box="[797,824,1496,1520]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">60</specimenCode>
(2 cs), 
<quantity id="162A9B1AB500E521FC43E0FF9147FA46" box="[916,1083,1497,1521]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.18" metricValueMax="4.87" metricValueMin="1.49" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="31.8" valueMax="48.7" valueMin="14.9">14.9–48.7 mm</quantity>
SL;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="61BA3CA2B500E521FBA1E0FF9190F9D7" collectingDate="2012-11-28" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" county="Alto Paraiso" latitude="-14.186389" location="Cachoeira de Almecegas" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-47.604164" municipality="rio Almecegas" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="MZUSP 114056, 60" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Goias" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="81749E84B500E521FBA1E0FF9069FA47" box="[1142,1301,1497,1521]" collectionCode="ZUEC" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9pz2-d68t" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">ZUEC 17332</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="81749E84B500E521FAF2E0FF9048FA47" box="[1317,1332,1497,1521]" collectionCode="ZUEC" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9pz2-d68t" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">3</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="162A9B1AB500E521FA93E0FE9769F9A3" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.57" metricValueMax="3.76" metricValueMin="3.38" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="35.7" valueMax="37.6" valueMin="33.8">33.8–37.6 mm</quantity>
SL, collected with holotype. 
<specimenCode id="81749E84B500E521FCBFE0D89159F9A0" box="[872,1061,1534,1558]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">MZUSP 114058</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="81749E84B500E521FBE5E0D8913CF9A0" box="[1074,1088,1534,1558]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">1</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="162A9B1AB500E521FB98E0D891C9F9A3" box="[1103,1205,1534,1558]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.66" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="36.6">36.6 mm</quantity>
SL, rio dos 
<collectingMunicipality id="3109AC85B500E521FA94E0D890EAF9A0" box="[1347,1430,1534,1558]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Couros</collectingMunicipality>
at 
<location id="D40D6024B500E521FE3DE305979CF98D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:597B87E9B500E528FD28E13E9795F8AD:D40D6024B500E521FE3DE305979CF98D" box="[490,736,1571,1595]" country="Brazil" latitude="-14.160555" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-47.593887" municipality="Couros" name="Cachoeira Sao Bento" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="Tocantins">Cachoeira São Bento</location>
, tributary of rio Tocantins basin, 
<geoCoordinate id="B4E65038B500E521FBB8E3059192F98D" box="[1135,1262,1571,1595]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="15" seconds="38" value="-14.160555">14°09’38’’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="B4E65038B500E521FB2EE30590F6F98D" box="[1273,1418,1571,1595]" degrees="47" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="15" seconds="38" value="-47.593887">47°35’38’’W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="A56C103FB500E521FA4DE3059720F9D7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2012-11-28">
<collectingDate id="B528E9D7B500E521FA4DE3059720F9D7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2012-11-28">28 Nov 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="7C275329B500E521FDBDE36F9673F9D6" box="[618,783,1608,1632]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">J. L. Birindelli</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="7C275329B500E521FCCAE36F96C3F9D7" box="[797,959,1609,1633]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">F. C. Dagosta</collectorName>
, M. 
<collectionCode id="B7C3AE3AB500E521FC22E36F9170F9D6" box="[1013,1036,1609,1632]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 
<location id="D40D6024B500E521FBCEE36E912EF9D6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:597B87E9B500E528FD28E13E9795F8AD:D40D6024B500E521FBCEE36E912EF9D6" box="[1049,1106,1608,1632]" country="Brazil" name="Loeb" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="Tocantins">Loeb</location>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="7C275329B500E521FBAFE36F9194F9D7" box="[1144,1256,1609,1633]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">C. Santos</collectorName>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="61BA3CA2B500E521FB22E36F9186F91D" collectingDate="2012-11-28" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" county="Alto Paraiso" latitude="-14.186389" location="Cachoeira de Almecegas" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-47.604164" municipality="rio Almecegas" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="MZUSP 114056, 60" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Goias" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="81749E84B500E521FB22E36F90EDF9D6" box="[1269,1425,1608,1633]" collectionCode="UFRGS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3q02-t412" name="Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">UFRGS 9954</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="81749E84B500E521FA48E36F90D3F9D7" box="[1439,1455,1609,1633]" collectionCode="UFRGS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3q02-t412" name="Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="162A9B1AB500E521FE3DE34897F7F933" box="[490,651,1646,1670]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7349999999999994" metricValueMax="4.09" metricValueMin="3.38" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="37.349999999999994" valueMax="40.9" valueMin="33.8">33.8–40.9 mm</quantity>
SL, rio 
<collectorName id="7C275329B500E521FD35E3489626F930" box="[738,858,1646,1670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">das Cobras</collectorName>
at road between 
<collectingCounty id="380C4E73B500E521FBCEE34891E3F930" box="[1049,1183,1646,1670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Alto Paraíso</collectingCounty>
de Goiás to the 
<collectingMunicipality id="3109AC85B500E521FA84E34890C9F930" box="[1363,1461,1646,1670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Chapada</collectingMunicipality>
dos 
<location id="D40D6024B500E521FDC1E3B59653F91D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:597B87E9B500E528FD28E13E9795F8AD:D40D6024B500E521FDC1E3B59653F91D" box="[534,815,1683,1707]" country="Brazil" county="Alto Paraiso" latitude="-14.160833" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-47.631943" municipality="Chapada" name="Veadeiros National Park" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="Goias">Veadeiros National Park</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="B4E65038B500E521FCEBE3B596C5F91D" box="[828,953,1683,1707]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="15" seconds="39" value="-14.160833">14°09’39”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="B4E65038B500E521FC14E3B5912EF91D" box="[963,1106,1683,1707]" degrees="47" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-47.631943">47°37’55”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="A56C103FB500E521FBB7E3B59186F91D" box="[1120,1274,1683,1708]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2008-05-25">
<collectingDate id="B528E9D7B500E521FBB7E3B59186F91D" box="[1120,1274,1683,1708]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2008-05-25">25 May 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="61BA3CA2B500E521FADFE3B29703F966" collectionCode="T" collectorName="F. C. Jerep" country="Brazil" location="Carvalho" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Goias" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectionCode id="B7C3AE3AB500E521FADFE3B29062F91D" box="[1288,1310,1684,1707]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">T</collectionCode>
. P. 
<location id="D40D6024B500E521FA9BE3B590CFF91D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:597B87E9B500E528FD28E13E9795F8AD:D40D6024B500E521FA9BE3B590CFF91D" box="[1356,1459,1683,1707]" country="Brazil" name="Carvalho" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="Goias">Carvalho</location>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="7C275329B500E521FDD5E39F9703F966" box="[514,639,1721,1745]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">F. C. Jerep</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="61BA3CA2B500E521FD5EE39F913DF8AD" collectingDate="2009-09-10" collectionCode="UFRGS" collectorName="G. Frainer" country="Brazil" county="Couros" latitude="-14.166111" location="Fazenda Sao Bento" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-47.595276" municipality="Portal da Chapada" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="UFRGS 11257, 9" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Goias" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="81749E84B500E521FD5EE39F964DF966" box="[649,817,1720,1745]" collectionCode="UFRGS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3q02-t412" name="Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">UFRGS 11257</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="81749E84B500E521FCEBE39F9637F967" box="[828,843,1721,1745]" collectionCode="UFRGS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3q02-t412" name="Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">9</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="162A9B1AB500E521FC80E39F9686F966" box="[855,1018,1721,1745]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1350000000000002" metricValueMax="3.9899999999999998" metricValueMin="2.2800000000000002" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="31.35" valueMax="39.9" valueMin="22.8">22.8–39.9 mm</quantity>
SL, rio dos 
<collectingCounty id="380C4E73B500E521FBA8E39F91A8F967" box="[1151,1236,1721,1745]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Couros</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="3109AC85B500E521FB37E39E90D3F966" box="[1248,1455,1720,1744]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Portal da Chapada</collectingMunicipality>
, near 
<location id="D40D6024B500E521FDF6E3F89781F943" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:597B87E9B500E528FD28E13E9795F8AD:D40D6024B500E521FDF6E3F89781F943" box="[545,765,1758,1782]" country="Brazil" county="Couros" latitude="-14.166111" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-47.595276" municipality="Portal da Chapada" name="Fazenda Sao Bento" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="Goias">Fazenda São Bento</location>
, tributary of 
<location id="D40D6024B500E521FC43E3F8911BF940" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:597B87E9B500E528FD28E13E9795F8AD:D40D6024B500E521FC43E3F8911BF940" box="[916,1127,1758,1782]" country="Brazil" county="Couros" latitude="-14.166111" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-47.595276" municipality="Portal da Chapada" name="rio Tocantinzinho" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="Goias">rio Tocantinzinho</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="B4E65038B500E521FBA3E3F8918DF940" box="[1140,1265,1758,1782]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="15" seconds="58" value="-14.166111">14°09’58”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="B4E65038B500E521FB2DE3F890F6F940" box="[1274,1418,1758,1782]" degrees="47" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="15" seconds="43" value="-47.595276">47°35’43”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="A56C103FB500E521FA40E3F8972DF8AD" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2009-09-10">
<collectingDate id="B528E9D7B500E521FA40E3F8972DF8AD" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2009-09-10">10 Sep 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="7C275329B500E521FD8AE22597A8F8AD" box="[605,724,1795,1819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">G. Frainer</collectorName>
, F. 
<collectionCode id="B7C3AE3AB500E521FD2BE222966EF8AD" box="[764,786,1796,1819]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">R</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="7C275329B500E521FCCBE22596FFF8AD" box="[796,899,1795,1819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Carvalho</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectionCode id="B7C3AE3AB500E521FC72E22296C0F8AD" box="[933,956,1796,1819]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. A. 
<collectorName id="7C275329B500E521FC30E222913DF8AD" box="[999,1089,1796,1819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bertaco</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="85AD6677B501E520FE3FE68A97B0FBBD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050871" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050871/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[488,561,940,960]" targetBox="[562,1384,171,880]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB501E520FE3FE68A97B0FBBD" blockId="3.[488,1437,940,1035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FE3FE68A966AFC76" bold="true" box="[488,790,940,960]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
FIGURE 1 | 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FD8EE68A966AFC76" authorityName="Melo &amp; Bouquerel &amp; Masumoto &amp; França &amp; Netto-Ferreira" authorityYear="2021" box="[601,790,940,960]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalunga">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FD8EE68A966AFC76" bold="true" box="[601,790,940,960]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Characidium kalunga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
in lateral (top), ventral (middle) and dorsal (bottom) views, holotype, MZUSP 125824, 40.5 mm SL, rio Almécegas at Cachoeira de Almécegas, Chapada dos 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FAD5E6F79752FBBD" authority=", Alto Paraiso" authorityName="Alto Paraiso" family="Loricariidae" genus="Corumbataia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veadeiros">Veadeiros, Alto Paraíso</taxonomicName>
de Goiás, Brazil.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="99C86574B501E527FDD1E14596A9FD56" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB501E520FDD1E14590CEF8D0" blockId="3.[484,1461,1123,1894]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FDD1E14597F5FBCD" bold="true" box="[518,649,1123,1147]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FD5AE145960CFBCD" authorityName="Melo &amp; Bouquerel &amp; Masumoto &amp; França &amp; Netto-Ferreira" authorityYear="2021" box="[653,880,1123,1147]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalunga">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FD5AE145960CFBCD" box="[653,880,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Characidium kalunga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from its cis-Andean congeners, except 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FDEFE1AF962BFB16" authority="Travassos, 1955" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1955" box="[568,855,1160,1184]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alipioi">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FDEFE1AF97E0FB16" box="[568,668,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. alipioi</emphasis>
Travassos, 1955
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FCB3E1AF9660FB70" authority="Lujan, Agudelo-Zamora, Taphorn, Booth &amp; Lopez-Fernandez, 2013" authorityName="Lujan, Agudelo-Zamora, Taphorn, Booth &amp; Lopez-Fernandez" authorityYear="2013" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amaila">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FCB3E1AF96B0FB16" box="[868,972,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. amaila</emphasis>
Lujan, Agudelo-Zamora, Taphorn, Booth &amp; López-Fernández, 2013
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FCFBE18891E0FB70" authority="Steindachner, 1915" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1915" box="[812,1180,1198,1222]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boavistae">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FCFBE18896CCFB70" box="[812,944,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. boavistae</emphasis>
Steindachner, 1915
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FB7BE188975EFB5D" authority="Pearson, 1924" authorityName="Pearson" authorityYear="1924" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianum">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FB7BE188903BFB70" box="[1196,1351,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. bolivianum</emphasis>
Pearson, 1924
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FDFBE1F296F0FB5D" authority="Steindachner, 1915" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1915" box="[556,908,1235,1259]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crandellii">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FDFBE1F297D0FB5D" box="[556,684,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. crandellii</emphasis>
Steindachner, 1915
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FC4FE1F290D1FB5D" authority="Ambruster, Lujan &amp; Bloom, 2021" authorityName="Ambruster, Lujan &amp; Bloom" authorityYear="2021" box="[920,1453,1235,1259]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duplicatum">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FC4FE1F29151FB5D" box="[920,1069,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. duplicatum</emphasis>
Ambruster, Lujan &amp; Bloom, 2021
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FE31E1DF975EFA80" authority="Malanski Sarmento-Soares, Silva-Malanski, Lopes, Ingenito &amp; Buckup, 2019" authorityName="Malanski Sarmento-Soares, Silva-Malanski, Lopes, Ingenito &amp; Buckup" authorityYear="2019" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cricarense">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FE31E1DF9710FAA6" box="[486,620,1273,1296]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. cricarense</emphasis>
Malanski Sarmento-Soares, Silva-Malanski, Lopes, Ingenito &amp; Buckup, 2019
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FDE3E03896B4FA80" authority="Steindachner, 1915" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1915" box="[564,968,1310,1334]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="declivirostre">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FDE3E03897ABFA80" box="[564,727,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. declivirostre</emphasis>
Steindachner, 1915
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FC0DE038904FFA80" authority="Reinhardt, 1867" authorityName="Reinhardt" authorityYear="1867" box="[986,1331,1310,1334]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatum">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FC0DE0389119FA80" box="[986,1125,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. fasciatum</emphasis>
Reinhardt, 1867
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FA93E03897E3FAED" authority="Travassos, 1956" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1956" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gomesi">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FA93E03890CEFA80" box="[1348,1458,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. gomesi</emphasis>
Travassos, 1956
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FD79E0629172FAED" authority="Travassos, 1944" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1944" box="[686,1038,1347,1371]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grajahuense">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FD79E0629631FAED" box="[686,845,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. grajahuense</emphasis>
Travassos, 1944
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FBCBE06290F0FAED" authority="Steindachner, 1915" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1915" box="[1052,1420,1347,1371]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasemani">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FBCBE06291DDFAED" box="[1052,1185,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. hasemani</emphasis>
Steindachner, 1915
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FA4DE06291F7FA36" authority="Zanata, Sarmento-Soares &amp; Martins-Pinheiro, 2015" authorityName="Zanata, Sarmento-Soares &amp; Martins-Pinheiro" authorityYear="2015" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helmeri">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FA4DE062974AFA36" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. helmeri</emphasis>
Zanata, Sarmento-Soares &amp; Martins-Pinheiro, 2015
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FB40E04F965BFA10" authority="Zanata, Ohara, Oyakawa &amp; Dagosta, 2020" authorityName="Zanata, Ohara, Oyakawa &amp; Dagosta" authorityYear="2020" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="iaquira">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FB40E04F907DFA36" box="[1175,1281,1385,1408]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. iaquira</emphasis>
Zanata, Ohara, Oyakawa &amp; Dagosta, 2020
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FCE1E0A891DAFA10" authority="Travassos, 1949" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1949" box="[822,1190,1422,1446]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="japuhybensis">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FCE1E0A8969EFA10" box="[822,994,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. japuhybensis</emphasis>
Travassos, 1949
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FB62E0A897E4FA7D" authority="Zanata &amp; Camelier, 2015" authorityName="Zanata &amp; Camelier" authorityYear="2015" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kamakan">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FB62E0A89046FA10" box="[1205,1338,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. kamakan</emphasis>
Zanata &amp; Camelier, 2015
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FD75E09296C1FA7D" authority="Travassos, 1949" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1949" box="[674,957,1459,1483]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lauroi">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FD75E092967DFA7D" box="[674,769,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. lauroi</emphasis>
Travassos, 1949
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FC1FE092904AFA7D" authority="(Peters, 1868)" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[968,1334,1459,1483]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrolepidotum">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FC1FE09291EEFA7D" box="[968,1170,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. macrolepidotum</emphasis>
(Peters, 1868)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FA95E09297E2FA46" authority="Travassos, 1967" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1967" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oiticicai">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FA95E09290CDFA7D" box="[1346,1457,1460,1483]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. oiticicai</emphasis>
Travassos, 1967
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FD78E0FF968BFA47" authority="Gomes, 1947" authorityName="Gomes" authorityYear="1947" box="[687,1015,1497,1521]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pterostictum">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FD78E0FF962FFA46" box="[687,851,1497,1520]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. pterostictum</emphasis>
Gomes, 1947
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FBD2E0FF90F2FA47" authority="Steindachner, 1882" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1882" box="[1029,1422,1496,1521]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpuratum">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FBD2E0FF91D9FA46" box="[1029,1189,1497,1520]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. purpuratum</emphasis>
Steindachner, 1882
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FA4BE0FF9670F9A0" authority="Travassos, 1955" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1955" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schubarti">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FA4BE0FF973AF9A0" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. schubarti</emphasis>
Travassos, 1955
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FCCBE0D89719F98D" authority="Agudelo-Zamora, Tavera, Murillo &amp; Ortega-Lara, 2020" authorityName="Agudelo-Zamora, Tavera, Murillo &amp; Ortega-Lara" authorityYear="2020" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tamata">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FCCBE0D896F6F9A0" box="[796,906,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. tamata</emphasis>
Agudelo-Zamora, Tavera, Murillo &amp; Ortega-Lara, 2020
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FDA3E30296B0F98D" authority="Travassos, 1946" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1946" box="[628,972,1571,1595]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="timbuiense">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FDA3E3029675F98D" box="[628,777,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. timbuiense</emphasis>
Travassos, 1946
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FC0BE302975EF9D6" authority="Melo, Buckup &amp; Oyakawa, 2016" authorityName="Melo, Buckup &amp; Oyakawa" authorityYear="2016" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="travassosi">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FC0BE3029118F98D" box="[988,1124,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. travassosi</emphasis>
Melo, Buckup &amp; Oyakawa, 2016
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FDF9E36F963BF9D6" authority="Travassos, 1967" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1967" box="[558,839,1608,1632]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vidali">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FDF9E36F97F6F9D6" box="[558,650,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. vidali</emphasis>
Travassos, 1967
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FC53E36F90D2F9D7" authority="Ambruster, Lujan &amp; Bloom, 2021" authorityName="Ambruster, Lujan &amp; Bloom" authorityYear="2021" box="[900,1454,1608,1633]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wangyapoik">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FC53E36F9159F9D6" box="[900,1061,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. wangyapoik</emphasis>
Ambruster, Lujan &amp; Bloom, 2021
</taxonomicName>
, by lacking scales on the isthmus (
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FC51E34996DDF930" box="[902,929,1647,1670]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vs.</emphasis>
isthmus completely scaled), from 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FA95E34890D0F930" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1955" box="[1346,1452,1646,1670]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alipioi">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FA95E34890D0F930" box="[1346,1452,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. alipioi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FE3FE3B29729F91D" authorityName="Lujan, Agudelo-Zamora, Taphorn, Booth &amp; Lopez-Fernandez" authorityYear="2013" box="[488,597,1683,1707]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amaila">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FE3FE3B29729F91D" box="[488,597,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. amaila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FDBFE3B29791F91D" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1915" box="[616,749,1683,1707]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boavistae">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FDBFE3B29791F91D" box="[616,749,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. boavistae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FCD7E3B296E0F91D" authorityName="Pearson" authorityYear="1924" box="[768,924,1683,1707]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianum">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FCD7E3B296E0F91D" box="[768,924,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. bolivianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FC78E3B29149F91D" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1915" box="[943,1077,1683,1707]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crandellii">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FC78E3B29149F91D" box="[943,1077,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. crandellii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FB9FE3B291ADF91D" authorityName="Malanski Sarmento-Soares, Silva-Malanski, Lopes, Ingenito &amp; Buckup" authorityYear="2019" box="[1096,1233,1684,1707]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cricarense">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FB9FE3B291ADF91D" box="[1096,1233,1684,1707]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. cricarense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FB33E3B290FAF91D" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1915" box="[1252,1414,1683,1707]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="declivirostre">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FB33E3B290FAF91D" box="[1252,1414,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. declivirostre</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FA4DE3B29731F967" authorityName="Reinhardt" authorityYear="1867" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatum">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FA4DE3B29731F967" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. fasciatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FD8CE39F97BFF966" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1956" box="[603,707,1721,1744]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gomesi">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FD8CE39F97BFF966" box="[603,707,1721,1744]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. gomesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FD05E39F9613F966" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1944" box="[722,879,1720,1744]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grajahuense">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FD05E39F9613F966" box="[722,879,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. grajahuense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FCAAE39F9683F966" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1915" box="[893,1023,1720,1744]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasemani">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FCAAE39F9683F966" box="[893,1023,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. hasemani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FBD9E39F9101F966" authorityName="Zanata, Sarmento-Soares &amp; Martins-Pinheiro" authorityYear="2015" box="[1038,1149,1720,1744]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helmeri">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FBD9E39F9101F966" box="[1038,1149,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. helmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FB5BE39F918AF966" authorityName="Zanata, Ohara, Oyakawa &amp; Dagosta" authorityYear="2020" box="[1164,1270,1721,1744]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="iaquira">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FB5BE39F918AF966" box="[1164,1270,1721,1744]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. iaquira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FAD2E39F90D0F966" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1949" box="[1285,1452,1720,1744]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="japuhybensis">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FAD2E39F90D0F966" box="[1285,1452,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. japuhybensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FE3FE3F89710F940" authorityName="Zanata &amp; Camelier" authorityYear="2015" box="[488,620,1758,1782]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kamakan">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FE3FE3F89710F940" box="[488,620,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. kamakan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FDAAE3F8979CF940" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1949" box="[637,736,1758,1782]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lauroi">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FDAAE3F8979CF940" box="[637,736,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. lauroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FD26E3F896C3F940" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[753,959,1758,1782]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrolepidotum">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FD26E3F896C3F940" box="[753,959,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. macrolepidotum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FC18E3F89138F940" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1967" box="[975,1092,1758,1782]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oiticicai">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FC18E3F89138F940" box="[975,1092,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. oiticicai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FB82E3F89186F940" authorityName="Gomes" authorityYear="1947" box="[1109,1274,1758,1782]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pterostictum">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FB82E3F89186F940" box="[1109,1274,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. pterostictum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FADCE3F890D0F940" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1882" box="[1291,1452,1758,1782]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpuratum">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FADCE3F890D0F940" box="[1291,1452,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. purpuratum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FE3FE222971BF8AD" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1955" box="[488,615,1795,1819]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schubarti">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FE3FE222971BF8AD" box="[488,615,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. schubarti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FDA1E22297A3F8AD" authorityName="Agudelo-Zamora, Tavera, Murillo &amp; Ortega-Lara" authorityYear="2020" box="[630,735,1796,1819]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tamata">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FDA1E22297A3F8AD" box="[630,735,1796,1819]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. tamata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FD38E22296FDF8AD" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1946" box="[751,897,1795,1819]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="timbuiense">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FD38E22296FDF8AD" box="[751,897,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. timbuiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FC47E222916BF8AD" authorityName="Melo, Buckup &amp; Oyakawa" authorityYear="2016" box="[912,1047,1796,1819]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="travassosi">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FC47E222916BF8AD" box="[912,1047,1796,1819]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. travassosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FBF1E22291F8F8AD" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1967" box="[1062,1156,1795,1819]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vidali">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FBF1E22291F8F8AD" box="[1062,1156,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. vidali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a single row of dentary teeth (
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FD58E20F97D5F8F6" box="[655,681,1833,1856]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vs.</emphasis>
dentary teeth in two rows, internal row with minute conical teeth), and from 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FD8FE2689793F8D0" authorityName="Ambruster, Lujan &amp; Bloom" authorityYear="2021" box="[600,751,1870,1894]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duplicatum">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FD8FE2689793F8D0" box="[600,751,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. duplicatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB501E520FCFFE26896B5F8D0" authorityName="Ambruster, Lujan &amp; Bloom" authorityYear="2021" box="[808,969,1870,1894]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wangyapoik">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB501E520FCFFE26896B5F8D0" box="[808,969,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. wangyapoik</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having the scalelles are extending from
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB506E527FE3FE59896A9FD56" blockId="4.[486,1460,190,737]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
isthums to anterior margin of cleithra (
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FC4AE59996C4FF60" box="[925,952,191,214]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">vs.</emphasis>
scalelles extending on isthmus, area between pectoral fins and part of belly to level of pelvic fins). It can be further distinguished from its congeners, except 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB506E527FCCAE42F905CFE97" authority="da Graca &amp; Pavanelli, 2008" authorityName="da Graca &amp; Pavanelli" authorityYear="2008" box="[797,1312,264,289]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heirmostigmata">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FCCAE42F969DFE96" box="[797,993,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. heirmostigmata</emphasis>
da Graça &amp; Pavanelli, 2008
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB506E527FAFBE42F9660FEF0" authority="Peixoto &amp; Wosiacki, 2013" authorityName="Peixoto &amp; Wosiacki" authorityYear="2013" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="papachibe">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FAFBE42F90CFFE96" box="[1324,1459,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. papachibe</emphasis>
Peixoto &amp; Wosiacki, 2013
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB506E527FCFBE40891DDFEF0" authority="Melo &amp; Oyakawa, 2015" authorityName="Melo &amp; Oyakawa" authorityYear="2015" box="[812,1185,302,326]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="satoi">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FCFBE40896FCFEF0" box="[812,896,302,326]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. satoi</emphasis>
Melo &amp; Oyakawa, 2015
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB506E527FB33E40897F9FEDD" authority="Buckup &amp; Reis, 1997" authorityName="Buckup &amp; Reis" authorityYear="1997" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="serrano">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FB33E408902EFEF0" box="[1252,1362,302,326]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. serrano</emphasis>
Buckup &amp; Reis, 1997
</taxonomicName>
, by having vertical bars on body that are disconnected dorsally, and from those species by having the bars on body as deep as wide, forming blotches two to four scales wide (
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FD28E4B99665FE00" box="[767,793,415,438]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">vs.</emphasis>
blotches vertically elongated, and of one scale width in 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB506E527FA4DE4B897F7FE6D" authorityName="da Graca &amp; Pavanelli" authorityYear="2008" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heirmostigmata">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FA4DE4B897F7FE6D" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. heirmostigmata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB506E527FD4EE4E2965DFE6D" authorityName="Peixoto &amp; Wosiacki" authorityYear="2013" box="[665,801,451,475]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="papachibe">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FD4EE4E2965DFE6D" box="[665,801,451,475]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. papachibe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB506E527FCB5E4E296B3FE6D" authorityName="Buckup &amp; Reis" authorityYear="1997" box="[866,975,452,475]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="serrano">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FCB5E4E296B3FE6D" box="[866,975,452,475]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. serrano</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, or blotches forming oval dots, V-shaped, W-shaped, or diamond-shaped marks along and ventral to the lateral line in 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB506E527FA86E4CF90DFFDB6" authorityName="Melo &amp; Oyakawa" authorityYear="2015" box="[1361,1443,489,512]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="satoi">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FA86E4CF90DFFDB6" box="[1361,1443,489,512]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. satoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and bars not obliquely oriented (
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FC8EE729960FFD90" box="[857,883,527,550]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">vs.</emphasis>
bars oblique in 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB506E527FBF1E7289194FD90" authorityName="da Graca &amp; Pavanelli" authorityYear="2008" box="[1062,1256,526,550]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heirmostigmata">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FBF1E7289194FD90" box="[1062,1256,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. heirmostigmata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB506E527FB21E7289000FD90" authorityName="Peixoto &amp; Wosiacki" authorityYear="2013" box="[1270,1404,526,550]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="papachibe">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FB21E7289000FD90" box="[1270,1404,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. papachibe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB506E527FE30E712972FFDFD" authorityName="Buckup &amp; Reis" authorityYear="1997" box="[487,595,564,587]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="serrano">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FE30E712972FFDFD" box="[487,595,564,587]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. serrano</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and from all congeners by the presence of a saddle mark at the base of the second to eighth dorsal-fin rays. Osteologically, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB506E527FBDCE77F9103FDC6" authorityName="Melo &amp; Bouquerel &amp; Masumoto &amp; França &amp; Netto-Ferreira" authorityYear="2021" box="[1035,1151,600,624]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalunga">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FBDCE77F9103FDC6" box="[1035,1151,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. kalunga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is diagnosed by having the first and second anal-fin proximal radials fused and contacting the third hemal spine (
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FE27E7829777FD0D" box="[496,523,676,699]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">vs.</emphasis>
separated and intercalated with the hemal spines), and by the third hemal spine branched (
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FDB5E7EF9700FD56" box="[610,636,713,736]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">vs.</emphasis>
all hemal spines unbranched).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="85AD6677B506E527FF5FE20A9630F8D3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050873" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050873/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[136,209,1836,1856]" targetBox="[263,1332,804,1775]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB506E527FF5FE20A9630F8D3" blockId="4.[136,1420,1836,1893]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FF5FE20A9588F8F6" bold="true" box="[136,244,1836,1856]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIGURE 2 |</emphasis>
Paratypes of 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB506E527FEA3E20A97FDF8F6" authority=", MZUSP" authorityName="MZUSP" box="[372,641,1836,1856]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalunga">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FEA3E20A974CF8F6" bold="true" box="[372,560,1836,1856]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Characidium kalunga</emphasis>
, MZUSP
</taxonomicName>
114054, 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FD1AE20A97A1F889" bold="true" box="[717,733,1836,1855]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A</emphasis>
. 15.3 mm SL, 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FC8EE20A961BF889" bold="true" box="[857,871,1836,1855]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 18.2 mm SL, 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FC32E20A968FF889" bold="true" box="[997,1011,1836,1855]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
. 21.4 mm SL, 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FBA6E20A91FDF889" bold="true" box="[1137,1153,1836,1855]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D</emphasis>
. 29.7 mm SP, 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FAD6E20A9073F889" bold="true" box="[1281,1295,1836,1855]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">E</emphasis>
. 30.9 mm SL, and 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB506E527FF66E27495C2F8D3" bold="true" box="[177,190,1874,1893]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">F</emphasis>
. 48.7 mm SL. Scale bar = 5 mm, Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="99C86574B507E528FDD1E5989607FAA7" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB507E526FDD1E5989721FE00" blockId="5.[485,1461,190,1894]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB507E526FDD1E59897DCFF60" bold="true" box="[518,672,190,214]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Description.</emphasis>
Morphometric data for 
<typeStatus id="0E69885DB507E526FC0FE5989141FF60" box="[984,1085,190,214]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and 
<typeStatus id="0E69885DB507E526FB50E598918EFF60" box="[1159,1266,190,214]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
summarized in 
<tableCitation id="9C500344B507E526FE3FE5C59748FF4D" box="[488,564,227,251]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="8.[136,198,193,213]" captionTargetId="graphics-33@8.[135,1459,386,1120]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 1 | Morphometric data for Characidium kalunga. Values for the holotype (MZUSP 125824) and 25 paratypes (MZUSP 114056, 114058). Abbreviations: N, number of specimens; SD, Standard deviation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/85AD6677B50AE52BFF5FE5E7979AFF4D" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" tableUuid="85AD6677B50AE52BFF5FE5E7979AFF4D">Tab. 1</tableCitation>
. Largest specimen examined with 
<quantity id="162A9B1AB507E526FC12E5C59156FF4D" box="[965,1066,227,251]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.39" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="43.9">43.9 mm</quantity>
SL. Body fusiform. Dorsal profile moderately convex between tip of snout and dorsal-fin origin; gently arched along dorsal-fin base, nearly straight between dorsal fin and origin of first dorsal caudal-fin procurrent ray; slightly convex along anal-fin base; nearly straight between anal fin and origin of first ventral caudal-fin procurrent ray. Greatest depth of body at dorsal-fin origin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB507E526FDD1E4E590E1FD20" blockId="5.[485,1461,190,1894]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Snout gently rounded in lateral view, its tip slightly below level of ventral margin of eye. Mouth small, subterminal. Snout-maxillary tip distance equal or slightly shorter than eye diameter; maxilla reaching level of anterior margin of orbit. Orbit circular, margin of orbit free. Nares distinctly separated by fleshy bridge; distance between nares shorter than distance between posterior naris to eye. Dermal flap along entire border of anterior naris, crescent-shaped and restricted to anterior margin of posterior naris.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB507E526FDD1E7859640FBE0" blockId="5.[485,1461,190,1894]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pectoral fin reaching vertical through dorsal-fin origin when adpressed to body; pectoral-fin rays iii,7 (1), iii,7,i (2), iii,8,i (6), iii,9,i* (5), iv,5,i (1), iv,6,i (1), iv,7,i (4), iv,7,ii (1), iv,8 (2), or iv,8,i (3). Pelvic fin barely reaching anal-fin origin; pelvic-fin rays i,6,i (1), i,7 (1), i,7,i (6), i,7,ii* (1), ii,5,i (2), ii,5,ii (3), ii,6,i (9), ii,7,i (1), iii,6 (1), or iii,7,i (1). Dorsal-fin rays ii,5,i (1), ii,8 (3), ii,9 (1), iii,7,i (2), iii,8 (10), iii,9 (3), or iv,8* (6), last dorsal-fin ray simple, not adnate (2 cs); dorsal-fin supranumerary element 1 (2 cs). Anal fin not reaching ventral caudal-fin procurrent rays; distal margin of anal fin rounded; anal-fin rays ii,5,i (1), ii,6 (1), ii,7 (2), iii,4 (1), iii,5 (15), iii,6 (2), iii,7* (1), iv,4 (1) or iv,5 (2); last anal-fin ray adnate (2 cs); anal-fin supranumerary element 1 (2 cs). Principal caudal-fin rays i,7,8,i (1), i,7,8,ii (1), i,8,7,ii (1), i,8,8,ii (2), i,8,9,i (3), i,9,8,i (1), ii,2,i,5-4,i,5,i (1), ii,6,8,ii (1), ii,7,8,i (1), ii,7,8,ii (10), ii,7,9,i* (3), or ii,7,9,ii (1). Adipose fin absent (1), or present* (25).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB507E526FDD1E14590C8FA80" blockId="5.[485,1461,190,1894]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scales cycloid; parallel radii present only on posterior field of scales. Lateral line usually complete; scales along longitudinal row 35 (2), 36 (11), or 37* (13) scales. Perforated scales in lateral line 33 (1), 35 (1), 36 (11), or 37* (13). Scales series above lateral line 4 (5) or 5* (21). Scales below lateral line 4 (1) or 5* (25). Pre-dorsal scale series 12* (5), 13 (11), or 14 (10). Circumpeduncular scales 13 (1) or 14* (25). Scales between anus and anal-fin origin 2* (8), 3 (18), or 4 (1). Isthmus lacking scales to anterior margin of cleithrum.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB507E526FDD1E06596ACF967" blockId="5.[485,1461,190,1894]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Premaxillary teeth 5 (3), 6* (19), or 7 (3), all conical, arranged in single row, decreasing in size posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="49E92A7AB507E526FC9EE04E96D8FA37" box="[841,932,1384,1409]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[136,209,902,922]" captionTargetBox="[317,1277,179,844]" captionTargetId="figure-366@6.[309,1286,171,844]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics of head in Characidium kalunga, MZUSP 114054, paratype. A. Right upper jaw in medial view; B. Right dentary in medial view; C. Skull in dorsal view. Abbreviations: ANT, antorbital; DEN, dentary; dent, dentary teeth; dentr, replacement dentary teeth; DPSO, dorsal process of the supraoccipital; ESC, extrascapular; FR, frontal; fo, fontanel; IO 1–6, infraorbitals 1 to 6; METH, mesethmoid; MX, maxilla; NA, nasal; PAR, parietal; PMX, premaxilla; pmxt, premaxilarry teeth; pmxtr, replacement premaxillary teeth; PTE, pterotic; POST, posttemporal; SUO, supraorbital; soc, supraorbital canal; and socpb, parietal branch of the supraorbital canal. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050876/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). Maxillary teeth absent. Dentary teeth 8 (6), 9 (7), 10 (6), 11* (4) or 12 (2), all conical, arranged in single row, decreasing in size posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="49E92A7AB507E526FDA6E09597BBFA7D" box="[625,711,1459,1483]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[136,209,902,922]" captionTargetBox="[317,1277,179,844]" captionTargetId="figure-366@6.[309,1286,171,844]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics of head in Characidium kalunga, MZUSP 114054, paratype. A. Right upper jaw in medial view; B. Right dentary in medial view; C. Skull in dorsal view. Abbreviations: ANT, antorbital; DEN, dentary; dent, dentary teeth; dentr, replacement dentary teeth; DPSO, dorsal process of the supraoccipital; ESC, extrascapular; FR, frontal; fo, fontanel; IO 1–6, infraorbitals 1 to 6; METH, mesethmoid; MX, maxilla; NA, nasal; PAR, parietal; PMX, premaxilla; pmxt, premaxilarry teeth; pmxtr, replacement premaxillary teeth; PTE, pterotic; POST, posttemporal; SUO, supraorbital; soc, supraorbital canal; and socpb, parietal branch of the supraorbital canal. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050876/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). Ectopterygoid teeth 2 (2 cs), conical. Mesopterygoid edentulous (2 cs). Branchiostegal rays 4 (2 cs); 3 attached to anterior ceratohyal (2 cs) and 1 attached to posterior ceratohyal (2 cs). Total gill rakers 10 (1 cs) or 11 (1 cs); gill rakers on basibranchial 2 (1 cs) or 3 (1 cs); gill rakers on ceratobranchial 5 (1 cs) or 6 (1 cs); and gill rakers on epibranchial 4 (1 cs) or 5 (1 cs). Parietal branch of supraorbital laterosensory canal present (2 cs), not reaching parietal bone (1 cs) or reaching parietal bone (1 cs). Fontanel triangular, limited anteriorly by frontals, laterally by frontals and parietals, and posteriorly by supraoccipital (2 cs, 
<figureCitation id="49E92A7AB507E526FCBCE39E96BFF967" box="[875,963,1720,1745]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[136,209,902,922]" captionTargetBox="[317,1277,179,844]" captionTargetId="figure-366@6.[309,1286,171,844]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics of head in Characidium kalunga, MZUSP 114054, paratype. A. Right upper jaw in medial view; B. Right dentary in medial view; C. Skull in dorsal view. Abbreviations: ANT, antorbital; DEN, dentary; dent, dentary teeth; dentr, replacement dentary teeth; DPSO, dorsal process of the supraoccipital; ESC, extrascapular; FR, frontal; fo, fontanel; IO 1–6, infraorbitals 1 to 6; METH, mesethmoid; MX, maxilla; NA, nasal; PAR, parietal; PMX, premaxilla; pmxt, premaxilarry teeth; pmxtr, replacement premaxillary teeth; PTE, pterotic; POST, posttemporal; SUO, supraorbital; soc, supraorbital canal; and socpb, parietal branch of the supraorbital canal. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050876/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB507E526FDD1E3F890CFF8D0" blockId="5.[485,1461,190,1894]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Precaudal vertebrae 21 (1 cs) or 20 (1 cs); total vertebrae 37 (2 cs). Supraneurals 5 (1 cs) or 6 (1 cs). Hypurals 6 (2 cs). Epurals 2 (1 cs) or 3 (1 cs). Upper caudal-fin procurrent rays 8 (1 cs) or 9 (1 cs); lower caudal-fin procurrent rays 7 (1 cs) or 8 (1 cs). Uroneural 1 (2). Postcleithrum 1 enlarged, oval, anterodorsally elongated, and connected dorsally</paragraph>
<caption id="85AD6677B504E525FF5FE6A09016FB86" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050876" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050876/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[136,209,902,922]" targetBox="[317,1277,179,844]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB504E525FF5FE6A09016FB86" blockId="6.[136,1459,902,1072]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB504E525FF5FE6A0958EFC2C" bold="true" box="[136,242,902,922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURE 3 |</emphasis>
Osteological characteristics of head in 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB504E525FDB4E6A19613FC2D" authority=", MZUSP" authorityName="MZUSP" box="[611,879,903,923]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalunga">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB504E525FDB4E6A19661FC2D" bold="true" box="[611,797,903,923]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Characidium kalunga</emphasis>
, MZUSP
</taxonomicName>
114054, paratype. 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB504E525FBC2E6A19159FC2C" bold="true" box="[1045,1061,903,922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A</emphasis>
. Right upper jaw in medial view; 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB504E525FA8AE6A19017FC2C" bold="true" box="[1373,1387,903,922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B</emphasis>
. Right dentary in medial view; 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB504E525FEBFE68A940AFC09" bold="true" box="[360,374,940,959]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C</emphasis>
. Skull in dorsal view. Abbreviations: ANT, antorbital; DEN, dentary; dent, dentary teeth; dentr, replacement dentary teeth; DPSO, dorsal process of the supraoccipital; ESC, extrascapular; FR, frontal; fo, fontanel; IO 1–6, infraorbitals 1 to 6; METH, mesethmoid; MX, maxilla; NA, nasal; PAR, parietal; PMX, premaxilla; pmxt, premaxilarry teeth; pmxtr, replacement premaxillary teeth; PTE, pterotic; POST, posttemporal; SUO, supraorbital; soc, supraorbital canal; and socpb, parietal branch of the supraorbital canal. Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB504E525FE3FE1AF9132FA7D" blockId="6.[486,1461,1160,1744]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
to ventral tip of supracleithrum; postcleithrum 2 triangular, anterodorsally elongated, connected dorsally to posterior cleithral process; postcleithrum 3 slender and elongated, rib like, connected dorsally to postcleithrum 1 (2 cs, 
<figureCitation id="49E92A7AB504E525FBF0E1F59102FB5D" box="[1063,1150,1235,1259]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[136,209,902,922]" captionTargetBox="[143,1451,179,836]" captionTargetId="figure-124@7.[136,1459,171,847]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4 | Osteological characteristics of fins in Characidium kalunga, MZUSP 114054, paratype. A. Left pectoral girdle in lateral view; B. Caudal peduncle in lateral view – left intermuscular bones removed. Abbreviations: arrow, position of anus; asterisk, first caudal vertebra; CEN, centrum; CLE, cleithrum; COR, coracoid; ESC, extrascapular; LLS1, first lateral-line scale; HS3, third haemal spine; MCO, mesocoracoid; NS, neural spine; PCP, posterior cleithral process; PR, pleural rib; PRAF 1+2, fused anal-fin proximal radials 1 and 2; PTC1, postcleithrum 1; PTC2, postcleithrum 2; PTC3, postcleithrum 3; POST, posttemporal; SC, scapula; SCL, supracleithrum. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050878/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
). Dorsal-fin pterygiophores 9 (1 cs) or 10 (1 cs), all disconnected, intercalating between neural spines from twelfth to eighteenth vertebrae (1 cs) or eleventh to eighteenth vertebrae (1 cs). Anal-fin pterygiophores 7 (2 cs), first and second proximal radials fused medially and contacting hemal spine of third caudal vertebra, remaining pterygiophores disconnected and inserting on musculature intercalating between hemal spines of third and fourth, fourth and fifth, and fifth and sixth caudal vertebrae (
<figureCitation id="49E92A7AB504E525FC3DE095913DFA7D" box="[1002,1089,1459,1483]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[136,209,902,922]" captionTargetBox="[143,1451,179,836]" captionTargetId="figure-124@7.[136,1459,171,847]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4 | Osteological characteristics of fins in Characidium kalunga, MZUSP 114054, paratype. A. Left pectoral girdle in lateral view; B. Caudal peduncle in lateral view – left intermuscular bones removed. Abbreviations: arrow, position of anus; asterisk, first caudal vertebra; CEN, centrum; CLE, cleithrum; COR, coracoid; ESC, extrascapular; LLS1, first lateral-line scale; HS3, third haemal spine; MCO, mesocoracoid; NS, neural spine; PCP, posterior cleithral process; PR, pleural rib; PRAF 1+2, fused anal-fin proximal radials 1 and 2; PTC1, postcleithrum 1; PTC2, postcleithrum 2; PTC3, postcleithrum 3; POST, posttemporal; SC, scapula; SCL, supracleithrum. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050878/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB504E525FDD1E0FE912FF966" blockId="6.[486,1461,1160,1744]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Humeral hiatus of 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB504E525FD37E0FE96DFFA46" box="[736,931,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">obliquus superioris</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB504E525FC09E0FE91E7FA47" box="[990,1179,1496,1521]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">obliquus inferioris</emphasis>
muscles well developed, filled with fatty tissue and not visible externally by transparency. Humeral hiatus ovalshaped, with two chambers divided by pleural rib of fifth vertebra, anterior chamber covered by connective tissue membrane; limited dorsally by 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB504E525FB06E36E90D0F9D6" box="[1233,1452,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB504E525FB06E36E905EF9D6" baseAuthorityName="Eigenmann" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[1233,1314,1608,1632]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Ammocryptocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">lateralis</taxonomicName>
superficialis
</emphasis>
, posteroventrally by 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB504E525FD1CE34896E8F930" box="[715,916,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">obliquuus inferioris</emphasis>
and posterodorsally, ventrally and anteriorly by 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB504E525FE3EE3B597D6F91D" box="[489,682,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">obliquus superioris</emphasis>
. Lateral line nerve passing along dorsal margin of humeral hiatus and continuing along midlateral horizontal septum (
<figureCitation id="49E92A7AB504E525FBD5E39E9139F966" box="[1026,1093,1720,1744]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[136,208,1836,1856]" captionTargetBox="[374,1220,1143,1777]" captionTargetId="figure-167@7.[374,1220,1143,1777]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Humeral hiatus in Characidium kalunga, MZUSP 114054, 42.0 mm SL, paratype. Abbreviations: LLN, lateral-line nerve; LS, lateralis superficialis; OI, obliquus inferioris; OS, obliquus superioris; PR5, pleural rib of fifth vertebra. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050880" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050880/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB504E52BFDD1E2259039F98D" blockId="6.[487,1460,1795,1894]" lastBlockId="8.[486,1461,1459,1894]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB504E525FDD1E225966AF8AD" bold="true" box="[518,790,1795,1819]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Coloration in alcohol.</emphasis>
General ground color tan yellow, dark brown dorsally and pale beige ventrally. Dorsal part of head snout and skull dark brown; lateral and ventral part of snout, distal portion of upper jaw, lower jaw, cheek, ventral part of opercle, and branchiostegal membranes lighter, with scarcely spaced melanophores. Scales on dorsal portion of body with melanophores more concentrated on distal margin, providing reticulated aspect on dorsal portion of body. Sides of body gradually lighter from dorsal to ventral surface, with ventral parts of belly and caudal peduncle light beige.
</paragraph>
<caption id="85AD6677B505E524FF5FE6A090FCFB86" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050878" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050878/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[136,209,902,922]" targetBox="[143,1451,179,836]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB505E524FF5FE6A090FCFB86" blockId="7.[136,1415,902,1072]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB505E524FF5FE6A0958FFC2C" bold="true" box="[136,243,902,922]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURE 4 |</emphasis>
Osteological characteristics of fins in 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB505E524FD88E6A19610FC2D" authority=", MZUSP" authorityName="MZUSP" box="[607,876,903,923]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalunga">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB505E524FD88E6A19667FC2D" bold="true" box="[607,795,903,923]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Characidium kalunga</emphasis>
, MZUSP
</taxonomicName>
114054, paratype. 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB505E524FBC1E6A1915AFC2C" bold="true" box="[1046,1062,903,922]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A</emphasis>
. Left pectoral girdle in lateral view; 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB505E524FF5FE68A95EAFC09" bold="true" box="[136,150,940,959]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B</emphasis>
. Caudal peduncle in lateral view – left intermuscular bones removed. Abbreviations: arrow, position of anus; asterisk, first caudal vertebra; CEN, centrum; CLE, cleithrum; COR, coracoid; ESC, extrascapular; LLS1, first lateral-line scale; HS3, third haemal spine; MCO, mesocoracoid; NS, neural spine; PCP, posterior cleithral process; PR, pleural rib; PRAF 1+2, fused anal-fin proximal radials 1 and 2; PTC1, postcleithrum 1; PTC2, postcleithrum 2; PTC3, postcleithrum 3; POST, posttemporal; SC, scapula; SCL, supracleithrum. Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="85AD6677B505E524FF5FE20A9128F8D3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050880" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050880" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050880/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[136,208,1836,1856]" targetBox="[374,1220,1143,1777]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB505E524FF5FE20A9128F8D3" blockId="7.[136,1426,1836,1893]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB505E524FF5FE20A958EF8F6" bold="true" box="[136,242,1836,1856]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURE 5 |</emphasis>
Humeral hiatus in 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB505E524FE71E20A97D2F8F6" authority=", MZUSP" authorityName="MZUSP" box="[422,686,1836,1856]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalunga">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB505E524FE71E20A9722F8F6" bold="true" box="[422,606,1836,1856]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Characidium kalunga</emphasis>
, MZUSP
</taxonomicName>
114054, 42.0 mm SL, paratype. Abbreviations: LLN, lateral-line nerve; LS, 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB505E524FA99E20A9590F8D3" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB505E524FA99E20A90EEF8F6" baseAuthorityName="Eigenmann" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[1358,1426,1836,1856]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Ammocryptocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">lateralis</taxonomicName>
superficialis
</emphasis>
; OI, 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB505E524FEC1E27794D2F8D3" bold="true" box="[278,430,1873,1893]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">obliquus inferioris</emphasis>
; OS, 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB505E524FE0AE2779707F8D3" bold="true" box="[477,635,1873,1893]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">obliquus superioris</emphasis>
; PR5, pleural rib of fifth vertebra. Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="85AD6677B50AE52BFF5FE5E7979AFF4D" ID-Table-UUID="85AD6677B50AE52BFF5FE5E7979AFF4D" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/85AD6677B50AE52BFF5FE5E7979AFF4D" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[136,198,193,213]" targetBox="[248,1381,294,1359]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="8" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB50AE52BFF5FE5E7979AFF4D" blockId="8.[136,1427,193,251]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB50AE52BFF5FE5E79594FF63" bold="true" box="[136,232,193,213]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">TABLE 1 |</emphasis>
Morphometric data for 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB50AE52BFE1BE5E797F5FF63" box="[460,649,193,213]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalunga">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB50AE52BFE1BE5E797F5FF63" bold="true" box="[460,649,193,213]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Characidium kalunga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Values for the holotype (MZUSP 125824) and 25 paratypes (MZUSP 114056, 114058). Abbreviations: N, number of specimens; SD, Standard deviation.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB50AE52BFECAE4009019FAF8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<table id="A3D2C45FB50A1ADCFF2FE4009019FAF9" box="[248,1381,294,1359]" gridcols="6" gridrows="31" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE4009019FE8E" box="[248,1381,294,312]" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE4009769FE8E" box="[248,533,294,312]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB50AE52BFECAE40094F9FE8E" bold="true" box="[285,389,294,312]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Characters</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E40097D4FE8E" box="[594,680,294,312]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB50AE52BFD85E40197D4FE81" bold="true" box="[594,680,295,311]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Holotype</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E4009638FE8E" box="[815,836,294,312]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB50AE52BFCE5E401963DFE81" bold="true" box="[818,833,295,311]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">N</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E4009164FE8E" box="[965,1048,294,312]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB50AE52BFC06E4019177FE81" bold="true" box="[977,1035,295,311]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Range</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE40091C1FE8E" box="[1161,1213,294,312]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB50AE52BFB5EE40191C1FE81" bold="true" box="[1161,1213,295,311]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Mean</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE4009019FE8E" box="[1355,1381,294,312]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB50AE52BFA9BE4009019FE8E" bold="true" box="[1356,1381,294,312]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SD</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE46F9019FEED" box="[248,1381,329,347]" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE46F9769FEED" box="[248,533,329,347]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Total length (mm)</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E46F97D4FEED" box="[594,680,329,347]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">49.8</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E46F9638FEED" box="[815,836,329,347]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">24</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E46F9164FEED" box="[965,1048,329,347]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">54.2–44.5</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE46F91C1FEED" box="[1161,1213,329,347]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">48.7</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE46F9019FEED" box="[1355,1381,329,347]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE44A9019FEC8" box="[248,1381,364,382]" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE44A9769FEC8" box="[248,533,364,382]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Standard length (mm)</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E44A97D4FEC8" box="[594,680,364,382]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">40.5</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E44A9638FEC8" box="[815,836,364,382]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E44A9164FEC8" box="[965,1048,364,382]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">43.9–35.8</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE44A91C1FEC8" box="[1161,1213,364,382]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">39.5</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE44A9019FEC8" box="[1355,1381,364,382]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE4A99019FE17" box="[248,1381,399,417]" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE4A99019FE17" box="[248,1381,399,417]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB50AE52BFF2FE4A99769FE29" bold="true" box="[248,533,399,417]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Percentage of standard length</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE4949019FE72" box="[248,1381,434,452]" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE4949769FE72" box="[248,533,434,452]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Head length</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E49497D4FE72" box="[594,680,434,452]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">27.8</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E4949638FE72" box="[815,836,434,452]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E4949164FE72" box="[965,1048,434,452]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">25.1–28.8</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE49491C1FE72" box="[1161,1213,434,452]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26.8</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE4949019FE72" box="[1355,1381,434,452]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE4F39019FE51" box="[248,1381,469,487]" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE4F39769FE51" box="[248,533,469,487]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prepectoral distance</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E4F397D4FE51" box="[594,680,469,487]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">25.9</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E4F39638FE51" box="[815,836,469,487]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E4F39164FE51" box="[965,1048,469,487]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">23.5–27.5</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE4F391C1FE51" box="[1161,1213,469,487]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">25.4</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE4F39019FE51" box="[1355,1381,469,487]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE4D19019FDBF" box="[248,1381,503,521]" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE4D19769FDBF" box="[248,533,503,521]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pectoral-fin height</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E4D197D4FDBF" box="[594,680,503,521]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">19.5</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E4D19638FDBF" box="[815,836,503,521]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E4D19164FDBF" box="[965,1048,503,521]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">16.9–22.2</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE4D191C1FDBF" box="[1161,1213,503,521]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">19.4</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE4D19019FDBF" box="[1355,1381,503,521]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE73C9019FD9A" box="[248,1381,538,556]" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE73C9769FD9A" box="[248,533,538,556]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Predorsal distance</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E73C97D4FD9A" box="[594,680,538,556]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">52.2</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E73C9638FD9A" box="[815,836,538,556]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E73C9164FD9A" box="[965,1048,538,556]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">50.4–55.6</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE73C91C1FD9A" box="[1161,1213,538,556]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">52.8</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE73C9019FD9A" box="[1355,1381,538,556]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE71B9019FDF9" box="[248,1381,573,591]" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE71B9769FDF9" box="[248,533,573,591]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Dorsal-fin height</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E71B97D4FDF9" box="[594,680,573,591]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">15.7</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E71B9638FDF9" box="[815,836,573,591]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E71B9164FDF9" box="[965,1048,573,591]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">13.4–18.1</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE71B91C1FDF9" box="[1161,1213,573,591]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">15.4</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE71B9019FDF9" box="[1355,1381,573,591]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE7469019FDC4" box="[248,1381,608,626]" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE7469769FDC4" box="[248,533,608,626]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Dorsal-fin base</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E74697D4FDC4" box="[594,680,608,626]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">13.8</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E7469638FDC4" box="[815,836,608,626]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E7469164FDC4" box="[965,1048,608,626]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">11.8–14.2</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE74691C1FDC4" box="[1161,1213,608,626]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">13.1</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE7469019FDC4" box="[1355,1381,608,626]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE7A59019FD23" box="[248,1381,643,661]" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE7A59769FD23" box="[248,533,643,661]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prepelvic distance</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E7A597D4FD23" box="[594,680,643,661]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">53.5</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E7A59638FD23" box="[815,836,643,661]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E7A59164FD23" box="[965,1048,643,661]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">51.7–56.6</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE7A591C1FD23" box="[1161,1213,643,661]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">54.1</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE7A59019FD23" box="[1355,1381,643,661]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE7809019FD0E" box="[248,1381,678,696]" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE7809769FD0E" box="[248,533,678,696]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pelvic-fin height</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E78097D4FD0E" box="[594,680,678,696]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">12.5</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E7809638FD0E" box="[815,836,678,696]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E7809164FD0E" box="[965,1048,678,696]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">9.5–14.3</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE78091C1FD0E" box="[1161,1213,678,696]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">11.6</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE7809019FD0E" box="[1355,1381,678,696]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE7EF9019FD6D" box="[248,1381,713,731]" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE7EF9769FD6D" box="[248,533,713,731]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Preanal distance</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E7EF97D4FD6D" box="[594,680,713,731]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">74.7</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E7EF9638FD6D" box="[815,836,713,731]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E7EF9164FD6D" box="[965,1048,713,731]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">71.8–78.8</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE7EF91C1FD6D" box="[1161,1213,713,731]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">76.1</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE7EF9019FD6D" box="[1355,1381,713,731]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE7CA9019FD48" box="[248,1381,748,766]" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE7CA9769FD48" box="[248,533,748,766]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Anal-apex distance</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E7CA97D4FD48" box="[594,680,748,766]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">93.7</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E7CA9638FD48" box="[815,836,748,766]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E7CA9164FD48" box="[965,1048,748,766]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">91.0–99.1</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE7CA91C1FD48" box="[1161,1213,748,766]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">95.4</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE7CA9019FD48" box="[1355,1381,748,766]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">2.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE6299019FC97" box="[248,1381,783,801]" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE6299769FC97" box="[248,533,783,801]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Anus to anal fin distance</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E62997D4FC97" box="[594,680,783,801]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3.8</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E6299638FC97" box="[815,836,783,801]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E6299164FC97" box="[965,1048,783,801]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3.2–6.2</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE62991C1FC97" box="[1161,1213,783,801]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">4.4</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE6299019FC97" box="[1355,1381,783,801]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE6179019FCF5" box="[248,1381,817,835]" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE6179769FCF5" box="[248,533,817,835]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Anal-fin height</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E61797D4FCF5" box="[594,680,817,835]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">12.3</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E6179638FCF5" box="[815,836,817,835]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E6179164FCF5" box="[965,1048,817,835]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">11.5–16.1</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE61791C1FCF5" box="[1161,1213,817,835]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">13.5</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE6179019FCF5" box="[1355,1381,817,835]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE6729019FCD0" box="[248,1381,852,870]" gridrow="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE6729769FCD0" box="[248,533,852,870]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Anal-fin base</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E67297D4FCD0" box="[594,680,852,870]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">9.5</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E6729638FCD0" box="[815,836,852,870]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E6729164FCD0" box="[965,1048,852,870]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">6.7–9.5</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE67291C1FCD0" box="[1161,1213,852,870]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">8.0</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE6729019FCD0" box="[1355,1381,852,870]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE6519019FC3F" box="[248,1381,887,905]" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE6519769FC3F" box="[248,533,887,905]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Adipose-fin height</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E65197D4FC3F" box="[594,680,887,905]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">4.5</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E6519638FC3F" box="[815,836,887,905]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">25</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E6519164FC3F" box="[965,1048,887,905]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">0.0–5.1</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE65191C1FC3F" box="[1161,1213,887,905]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3.5</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE6519019FC3F" box="[1355,1381,887,905]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE6BC9019FC1A" box="[248,1381,922,940]" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE6BC9769FC1A" box="[248,533,922,940]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Peduncle length</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E6BC97D4FC1A" box="[594,680,922,940]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">18.5</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E6BC9638FC1A" box="[815,836,922,940]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E6BC9164FC1A" box="[965,1048,922,940]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">16.6–20.1</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE6BC91C1FC1A" box="[1161,1213,922,940]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">18.3</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE6BC9019FC1A" box="[1355,1381,922,940]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE69B9019FC79" box="[248,1381,957,975]" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE69B9769FC79" box="[248,533,957,975]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Body width</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E69B97D4FC79" box="[594,680,957,975]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">11.3</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E69B9638FC79" box="[815,836,957,975]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E69B9164FC79" box="[965,1048,957,975]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">11.0–14.0</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE69B91C1FC79" box="[1161,1213,957,975]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">12.1</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE69B9019FC79" box="[1355,1381,957,975]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE6C69019FC44" box="[248,1381,992,1010]" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE6C69769FC44" box="[248,533,992,1010]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Body depth at dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E6C697D4FC44" box="[594,680,992,1010]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">22.0</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E6C69638FC44" box="[815,836,992,1010]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E6C69164FC44" box="[965,1048,992,1010]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">20.3–24.7</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE6C691C1FC44" box="[1161,1213,992,1010]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">22.3</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE6C69019FC44" box="[1355,1381,992,1010]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE1259019FBA3" box="[248,1381,1027,1045]" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE1259769FBA3" box="[248,533,1027,1045]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Body depth at anal-fin origin</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E12597D4FBA3" box="[594,680,1027,1045]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">15.3</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E1259638FBA3" box="[815,836,1027,1045]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E1259164FBA3" box="[965,1048,1027,1045]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">13.1–17.4</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE12591C1FBA3" box="[1161,1213,1027,1045]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">16.1</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE1259019FBA3" box="[1355,1381,1027,1045]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE1009019FB8E" box="[248,1381,1062,1080]" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE1009769FB8E" box="[248,533,1062,1080]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Body depth at caudal peduncle</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E10097D4FB8E" box="[594,680,1062,1080]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">12.1</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E1009638FB8E" box="[815,836,1062,1080]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E1009164FB8E" box="[965,1048,1062,1080]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">8.9–12.7</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE10091C1FB8E" box="[1161,1213,1062,1080]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">11.9</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE1009019FB8E" box="[1355,1381,1062,1080]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE16F9019FBED" box="[248,1381,1097,1115]" gridrow="23" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE16F9769FBED" box="[248,533,1097,1115]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB50AE52BFEC9E16F976FFBEF" bold="true" box="[286,531,1097,1115]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Percentage of head length</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE14D9019FBCB" box="[248,1381,1131,1149]" gridrow="24" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE14D9769FBCB" box="[248,533,1131,1149]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Snout length</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E14D97D4FBCB" box="[594,680,1131,1149]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">25.2</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E14D9638FBCB" box="[815,836,1131,1149]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E14D9164FBCB" box="[965,1048,1131,1149]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">21.7–28.7</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE14D91C1FBCB" box="[1161,1213,1131,1149]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">25.4</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE14D9019FBCB" box="[1355,1381,1131,1149]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE1A89019FB16" box="[248,1381,1166,1184]" gridrow="25" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE1A89769FB16" box="[248,533,1166,1184]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Snout – maxillary tip</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E1A897D4FB16" box="[594,680,1166,1184]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">28.7</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E1A89638FB16" box="[815,836,1166,1184]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E1A89164FB16" box="[965,1048,1166,1184]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">24.7–31.0</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE1A891C1FB16" box="[1161,1213,1166,1184]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">28.8</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE1A89019FB16" box="[1355,1381,1166,1184]" gridcol="5" gridrow="25" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE1979019FB75" box="[248,1381,1201,1219]" gridrow="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE1979769FB75" box="[248,533,1201,1219]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Anterior naris – orbit</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E19797D4FB75" box="[594,680,1201,1219]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">10.6</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E1979638FB75" box="[815,836,1201,1219]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E1979164FB75" box="[965,1048,1201,1219]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">8.0–12.4</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE19791C1FB75" box="[1161,1213,1201,1219]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">10.3</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE1979019FB75" box="[1355,1381,1201,1219]" gridcol="5" gridrow="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE1F29019FB50" box="[248,1381,1236,1254]" gridrow="27" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE1F29769FB50" box="[248,533,1236,1254]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Posterior naris – orbit</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E1F297D4FB50" box="[594,680,1236,1254]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">4.4</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E1F29638FB50" box="[815,836,1236,1254]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E1F29164FB50" box="[965,1048,1236,1254]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3.3–6.3</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE1F291C1FB50" box="[1161,1213,1236,1254]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">4.5</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE1F29019FB50" box="[1355,1381,1236,1254]" gridcol="5" gridrow="27" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE1D19019FABF" box="[248,1381,1271,1289]" gridrow="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE1D19769FABF" box="[248,533,1271,1289]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cheek</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E1D197D4FABF" box="[594,680,1271,1289]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">10.0</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E1D19638FABF" box="[815,836,1271,1289]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E1D19164FABF" box="[965,1048,1271,1289]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">7.3–12.5</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE1D191C1FABF" box="[1161,1213,1271,1289]" gridcol="4" gridrow="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">10.1</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE1D19019FABF" box="[1355,1381,1271,1289]" gridcol="5" gridrow="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE03C9019FA9A" box="[248,1381,1306,1324]" gridrow="29" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE03C9769FA9A" box="[248,533,1306,1324]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Orbital diameter</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E03C97D4FA9A" box="[594,680,1306,1324]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">24.3</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E03C9638FA9A" box="[815,836,1306,1324]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E03C9164FA9A" box="[965,1048,1306,1324]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">23.5–27.6</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE03C91C1FA9A" box="[1161,1213,1306,1324]" gridcol="4" gridrow="29" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26.2</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE03C9019FA9A" box="[1355,1381,1306,1324]" gridcol="5" gridrow="29" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6FE234BDB50A1ADCFF2FE01B9019FAF9" box="[248,1381,1341,1359]" gridrow="30" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFF2FE01B9769FAF9" box="[248,533,1341,1359]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Interorbital distance</th>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFD85E01B97D4FAF9" box="[594,680,1341,1359]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">13.1</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFCF8E01B9638FAF9" box="[815,836,1341,1359]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFC12E01B9164FAF9" box="[965,1048,1341,1359]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">11.5–18.5</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFB5EE01B91C1FAF9" box="[1161,1213,1341,1359]" gridcol="4" gridrow="30" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">14.2</td>
<td id="2C335DC1B50A1ADCFA9CE01B9019FAF9" box="[1355,1381,1341,1359]" gridcol="5" gridrow="30" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.9</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB50AE52BFDD1E36E91D4F8D0" blockId="8.[486,1461,1459,1894]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Preorbital stripe thin, extending obliquely between proximal third of upper jaw and anterior margin of eye. Postorbital stripe thicker than preorbital and longitudinal stripes, extending horizontally between posterior margin of eye and dorsal margin of opercle. Longitudinal stripe having less than one scale width, extending horizontally between dorsal margin of opercle to posterior portion of caudal peduncle, but not reaching base of caudal-fin rays. Humeral blotch oval located immediately posterior to upper corner of opercle, with three scales depth and two scales wide. Basicaudal spot inconspicuous and not easily discernible, positioned at middle caudal-fin rays.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB50BE52AFDD1E59897ACFE27" blockId="9.[488,1461,190,624]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Bars on body seven to nine, present in most specimens examined. Bars on dorsum irregularly distributed and disconnected from lateral portion, often fused and forming irregular longitudinal dorsal lines between head and dorsal fin. Lateral portion of bars disconnected from dorsal portion and not connected in ventral midline, forming large square blotches on sides of body but, in larger specimens, inconspicuous and not easily discernible (
<figureCitation id="49E92A7AB50BE52AFDA7E45E97BFFE27" box="[624,707,376,401]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,209,1836,1856]" captionTargetBox="[263,1332,804,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[263,1332,801,1776]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2 | Paratypes of Characidium kalunga, MZUSP 114054, A. 15.3 mm SL, B. 18.2 mm SL, C. 21.4 mm SL, D. 29.7 mm SP, E. 30.9 mm SL, and F. 48.7 mm SL. Scale bar = 5 mm, Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050873/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB50BE52AFDD1E4B897F0FDC6" blockId="9.[488,1461,190,624]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pectoral and pelvic fins mostly hyaline, with melanophores concentrated on dorsal margin of fin rays. Anal fin hyaline. Dorsal-fin mostly hyaline except for one middle, longitudinal dusk and inconspicuous stripe, and one discernible saddle-like mark on base of fourth to eight dorsal-fin rays. Caudal fin mostly hyaline, or with irregularly distributed melanophores on proximal two thirds. Adipose-fin hyaline, with scarce melanophores.</paragraph>
<caption id="85AD6677B50BE52AFE3FE20A968EF8D3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050882" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050882" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050882/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[488,561,1836,1856]" targetBox="[488,1459,683,1776]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB50BE52AFE3FE20A968EF8D3" blockId="9.[488,1433,1836,1893]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB50BE52AFE3FE20A972FF8F6" bold="true" box="[488,595,1836,1856]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 6 |</emphasis>
Underwater photography of 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB50BE52AFCB0E20A9158F8F6" box="[871,1060,1836,1856]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalunga">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB50BE52AFCB0E20A9158F8F6" bold="true" box="[871,1060,1836,1856]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Characidium kalunga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the rio Preto, at the Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil (not collected).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB508E529FDD1E59897BCFE96" blockId="10.[488,1459,190,288]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB508E529FDD1E5989796FF60" bold="true" box="[518,746,190,214]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Coloration in life.</emphasis>
General pigmentation like that of preserved specimens. Live specimens with ground color brownish, and square blotches on flanks more easily discernible (
<figureCitation id="49E92A7AB508E529FDB8E42E97CFFE96" box="[623,691,264,288]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[488,561,1836,1856]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,683,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-176@9.[488,1459,683,1776]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6 | Underwater photography of Characidium kalunga in the rio Preto, at the Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil (not collected)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050882" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050882/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB508E529FDD1E4759073FD20" blockId="10.[485,1461,339,662]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB508E529FDD1E475968CFEDD" bold="true" box="[518,1008,339,363]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ontogenetic variation of pigmentation.</emphasis>
In smaller specimens (&lt;
<quantity id="162A9B1AB508E529FAD3E4759028FEDD" box="[1284,1364,339,363]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="19.0">19 mm</quantity>
SL), the body is pale beige and the blotches are poorly marked and barely indistinguishable (
<figureCitation id="49E92A7AB508E529FAA8E45E9757FE00" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,209,1836,1856]" captionTargetBox="[263,1332,804,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[263,1332,801,1776]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2 | Paratypes of Characidium kalunga, MZUSP 114054, A. 15.3 mm SL, B. 18.2 mm SL, C. 21.4 mm SL, D. 29.7 mm SP, E. 30.9 mm SL, and F. 48.7 mm SL. Scale bar = 5 mm, Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050873/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 2A–B</figureCitation>
); in larger specimens (&gt;20.0 mm SL), the ground color becomes yellowish and the blotches well defined (
<figureCitation id="49E92A7AB508E529FD0EE4E5962AFE6D" box="[729,854,451,475]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,209,1836,1856]" captionTargetBox="[263,1332,804,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[263,1332,801,1776]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2 | Paratypes of Characidium kalunga, MZUSP 114054, A. 15.3 mm SL, B. 18.2 mm SL, C. 21.4 mm SL, D. 29.7 mm SP, E. 30.9 mm SL, and F. 48.7 mm SL. Scale bar = 5 mm, Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050873/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 2C–E</figureCitation>
); and the largest specimen examined (
<quantity id="162A9B1AB508E529FB3BE4E59032FE6D" box="[1260,1358,451,475]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.83" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="48.3">48.3 mm</quantity>
SL) lacks bars, has the overall body pattern dusky, including the areas on cheeks and fins and the blotches are merged into the background and indistinguishable (
<figureCitation id="49E92A7AB508E529FB6CE7289072FD90" box="[1211,1294,526,550]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,209,1836,1856]" captionTargetBox="[263,1332,804,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[263,1332,801,1776]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2 | Paratypes of Characidium kalunga, MZUSP 114054, A. 15.3 mm SL, B. 18.2 mm SL, C. 21.4 mm SL, D. 29.7 mm SP, E. 30.9 mm SL, and F. 48.7 mm SL. Scale bar = 5 mm, Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050873/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
). The humeral and basicaudal spots and the saddle mark at base of dorsal fin are visible in all specimens examined but are inconspicuous in the largest specimen. The pseudotympanum is visible by skin transparency in smaller were observed in the available specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB508E529FDD1E7EE96F1FCC0" blockId="10.[488,1459,712,886]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB508E529FDD1E7EE9637FD56" bold="true" box="[518,843,712,736]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB508E529FC82E7EE9145FD56" box="[853,1081,712,736]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalunga">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB508E529FC82E7EE9145FD56" box="[853,1081,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Characidium kalunga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from the streams draining the southern portion of the Chapada dos Veadeiros, tributaries of the upper rio 
<collectingRegion id="1316F81DB508E529FDD9E6359703FC9D" box="[526,639,787,811]" country="Brazil" name="Tocantins" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Tocantins</collectingRegion>
basin. It was collected in the rio dos Couros and rio Almécegas, but field observations and photographic records also include the rio Preto, upstream from the Salto de 120 Metros waterfall (
<figureCitation id="49E92A7AB508E529FCEBE67896FCFCC0" box="[828,896,862,886]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[572,1369,1146,1733]" captionTargetId="figure-301@10.[566,1380,1141,1738]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7 | Map of the Chapada dos Veadeiros indicating the known distribution of Characidium: circles represent Characidium kalunga, triangles, C. xanthopterum, and diamonds, C. stigmosum. Black symbols indicate the type locality and white symbols other records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050884" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050884/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB508E529FDD1E68E90C8FBE0" blockId="10.[487,1460,936,1110]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB508E529FDD1E68E97A5FC77" bold="true" box="[518,729,936,961]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ecological notes.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB508E529FD33E68E96B6FC76" box="[740,970,936,960]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalunga">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB508E529FD33E68E96B6FC76" box="[740,970,936,960]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Characidium kalunga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a bottom dweller species, known from localities with elevation of about 1,200 meters. It inhabits rivers with fast flowing, cold, black water with rocky bottom, characterized by the presence of many rapids, canyons, and relatively large waterfalls, alternating with pools with sandy bottom. Those rivers are often impacted by sudden water flow increase caused by precipitation runoff in the
</paragraph>
<caption id="85AD6677B508E529FE3FE220911EF8D3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050884" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050884" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050884/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" startId="10.[488,561,1798,1818]" targetBox="[572,1369,1146,1733]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB508E529FE3FE220911EF8D3" blockId="10.[488,1429,1798,1893]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB508E529FE3FE220972FF8AC" bold="true" box="[488,595,1798,1818]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 7 |</emphasis>
Map of the Chapada dos Veadeiros indicating the known distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB508E529FAD3E2219008F8AD" authorityName="Reinhardt" authorityYear="1867" box="[1284,1396,1799,1819]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB508E529FAD3E2219008F8AD" bold="true" box="[1284,1396,1799,1819]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Characidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: circles represent 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB508E529FD5DE20A963BF8F6" box="[650,839,1836,1856]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalunga">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB508E529FD5DE20A963BF8F6" bold="true" box="[650,839,1836,1856]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Characidium kalunga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, triangles, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB508E529FC67E20A9138F8F6" authorityName="Silveira, Langeani, da Graca, Pavanelli &amp; Buckup" authorityYear="2008" box="[944,1092,1836,1856]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xanthopterum">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB508E529FC67E20A9138F8F6" bold="true" box="[944,1092,1836,1856]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. xanthopterum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and diamonds, 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB508E529FB37E20A9029F8F6" authorityName="Melo &amp; Buckup" authorityYear="2002" box="[1248,1365,1836,1856]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stigmosum">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB508E529FB37E20A9029F8F6" bold="true" box="[1248,1365,1836,1856]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. stigmosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Black symbols indicate the type locality and white symbols other records.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="85AD6677B509E528FE3FE13A97B6FBCD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050886" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050886" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050886/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[488,561,1052,1072]" targetBox="[488,1459,171,1003]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB509E528FE3FE13A97B6FBCD" blockId="11.[488,1443,1052,1147]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB509E528FE3FE13A972FFB86" bold="true" box="[488,595,1052,1072]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FIGURE 8 |</emphasis>
Habitats of 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB509E528FD10E13A96F8FB86" box="[711,900,1052,1072]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalunga">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB509E528FD10E13A96F8FB86" bold="true" box="[711,900,1052,1072]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Characidium kalunga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at the Chapada dos Veadeiros: 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB509E528FB7DE13A91C6FB99" bold="true" box="[1194,1210,1052,1071]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">A</emphasis>
. Type locality, cachoeira das Almécegas II, at rio Almécegas, tributary of rio dos Couros; 
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB509E528FBE9E1649130FBE3" bold="true" box="[1086,1100,1090,1109]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">B</emphasis>
. Rio Preto, at Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB509E528FE3FE1F59607FAA7" blockId="11.[488,1459,1235,1297]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
watershed. The Cerrado vegetation is restricted to the margins, with no aquatic plants present in the river channel (
<figureCitation id="49E92A7AB509E528FCFCE1DE9612FAA7" box="[811,878,1272,1297]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[488,561,1052,1072]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,171,1003]" captionTargetId="figure-180@11.[488,1459,171,1003]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8 | Habitats of Characidium kalunga at the Chapada dos Veadeiros: A. Type locality, cachoeira das Almécegas II, at rio Almécegas, tributary of rio dos Couros; B. Rio Preto, at Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050886" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050886/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="99C86574B509E528FDD1E0659795F8AD" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB509E528FDD1E06596E7FA7D" blockId="11.[487,1459,1347,1483]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB509E528FDD1E06597EAFAED" bold="true" box="[518,662,1347,1371]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific name honors the Comunidade Quilombola Kalunga, a resilient community of Afro-Brazilians that lives in the Chapada dos Veadeiros area, helping to protect its natural resources. Kalunga also means a sacred place in the African Bantu language. A noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16D36FFB509E528FDD1E0D89795F8AD" blockId="11.[487,1461,1534,1819]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB509E528FDD1E0D8967CF9A0" bold="true" box="[518,768,1534,1558]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Conservation status.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB509E528FCDCE0D89693F9A0" box="[779,1007,1534,1558]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalunga">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB509E528FCDCE0D89693F9A0" box="[779,1007,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Characidium kalunga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a narrow distribution, with an area of occupancy smaller than 
<quantity id="162A9B1AB509E528FCCEE3059611F98D" box="[793,877,1571,1595]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="km" value="500.0">500 km</quantity>
<superScript id="26A79BB7B509E528FCBAE3049609F986" attach="left" box="[877,885,1570,1584]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2</superScript>
. It occurs within the limits of a protected area, the Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros. Impacts such as continuing populational decline or extreme fluctuations of the extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, quality of habitat, number of locations or subpopulations, or number of mature individuals were not observed. Therefore, in accordance with the 
<collectionCode id="B7C3AE3AB509E528FB85E39F91E0F967" box="[1106,1180,1721,1745]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">IUCN</collectionCode>
Red List Categories and Criteria (
<collectionCode id="B7C3AE3AB509E528FD99E3F897E5F940" box="[590,665,1758,1782]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">IUCN</collectionCode>
Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, 2019), 
<taxonomicName id="16D24D7CB509E528FB75E3F89068F940" box="[1186,1300,1758,1782]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalunga">
<emphasis id="E3A6EAEDB509E528FB75E3F89068F940" box="[1186,1300,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. kalunga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is categorized as Least Concern (
<collectionCode id="B7C3AE3AB509E528FD62E22597A1F8AD" box="[693,733,1795,1819]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">LC</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>