145 lines
17 KiB
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145 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="E75A6967E4985E7CB5FAE4B9F2B441AB" ID-CLB-Dataset="34638" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.64.11704" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0b358c55-6787-4621-b981-5bfa8cc6db34" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-1-43" ID-ZooBank="EA434B983E3B40BE914FABE214D598F4" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1860-1324-1-43" ModsDocOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 64 (1)" ModsDocTitle="Taxonomy and phylogeny of the genera Gymnocnemia Schneider, 1845, and Megistopus Rambur, 1842, with remarks on the systematization of the tribe Nemoleontini (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae)" checkinTime="1489057087198" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Badano, Davide, Aspoeck, Horst & Aspoeck, Ulrike" docDate="2017" docId="F2052663C5E47D0D7A550F925804A464" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 64(1): 43-60" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 64 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.64.11704" docTitle="Gymnocnemia variegata Schneider 1845" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="FFB6FFFD7C64F812287CEE54FA35FFEE" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and phylogeny of the genera Gymnocnemia Schneider, 1845, and Megistopus Rambur, 1842, with remarks on the systematization of the tribe Nemoleontini (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae)" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="43" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1701384147234" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="41C96175E34AB0C458F78C84C43CE5CF">Taxonomy and phylogeny of the genera Gymnocnemia Schneider, 1845, and Megistopus Rambur, 1842, with remarks on the systematization of the tribe Nemoleontini (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="354198B5FAC53BACED96A4CC62D584BF">Badano, Davide</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="ED5EBF1538DA81943F9B98EEC3F73D31">Aspoeck, Horst</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A1CC88961A63B78ED73AA4DB61103DAD">Aspoeck, Ulrike</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="F2052663C5E47D0D7A550F925804A464" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127882322" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F2052663C5E47D0D7A550F925804A464" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F2052663C5E47D0D7A550F925804A464" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
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<subSubSection id="1D817C5B601BE91504ECF4FD340F4342" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="BC11DF3993B9D80DB1E9CE970F4D4AA7" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName id="4724AE284761044772EA8F947CBC1E79" ID-CoL="3HR88" authority="Schneider, 1845" authorityName="Schneider" authorityYear="1845" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Gymnocnemia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnocnemia variegata" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Gymnocnemia variegata (Schneider, 1845)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 1B, 2
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<normalizedToken id="2283E9B6B4DF8D4A2EAA470D2E86C64F" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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, 3A, 4B, 8
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<normalizedToken id="13D271C6D9AB7A4000D7526ABC33EABA" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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, 9
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<normalizedToken id="D3B4D434C7055DDA6078FDEC7419B556" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BC2E036D61CF145E1412688655BB66CD" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="5FDCB24EE678BF64C0F5F2D87B2BCB56" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DAA7109D09878694BA8FEB6029CA8A7C" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Medium-sized antlion with a variegated habitus, with an alternating ochre and dark brown pattern. Forewing Rs at half the wing length with at least 8 crossveins. Thorax covered with outstanding black and white setae. Tibia without spurs. Tarsus shorter than tibia.</paragraph>
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<caption id="1FB1D269EB69BA8AD0AF722A689F8B98" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
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<paragraph id="86DB568000204DAD3118BE38ED9D337F" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
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Figure 1.
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<taxonomicName id="F6D5C387B2E74E0F7082CC8F64D15607" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Gymnocnemia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnocnemia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gymnocnemia</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="5734DDF18ACFF4E3A20C335BF26F47F1" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Megistopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megistopus" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Megistopus</taxonomicName>
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, habitus and details of thorax, lateral view. A
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<taxonomicName id="7EFE7CDCAB50DB2EBE9908D3C9C4240A" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Megistopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megistopus lucasi" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucasi">Megistopus lucasi</taxonomicName>
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[Italy, Sardinia]; B
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<taxonomicName id="E87CB96ADBB351B581CE80565335773B" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Gymnocnemia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnocnemia variegata" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Gymnocnemia variegata</taxonomicName>
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[Greece, Corfu];
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<normalizedToken id="1AB55FB18E8C089674F2D6B5F5EF0991" originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName id="6CF349590EF5BA9658AF779825A2E1FB" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Gymnocnemia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnocnemia mirabilis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">Gymnocnemia mirabilis</taxonomicName>
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[Oman, Jabal Shams], C thorax and prothoracic leg, D tarsus. Numbers indicate morphological characters of the data matrix and their state. Abbreviation: ta - tarsus.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="F78D14B79FF5AB9BB7DC2AD896D198EE" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
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<paragraph id="FB3ED6AC0D77CAD4A0B12BE577E7465C" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
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Figure 2. Head and pronotum of
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<taxonomicName id="03FC02CE48ED556456C98708996382F2" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Gymnocnemia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnocnemia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gymnocnemia</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="10A81D36D330647238EEE562954E6E95" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Megistopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megistopus" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Megistopus</taxonomicName>
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, dorsal view.
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<normalizedToken id="9159653FBDD2AFFF4BA432110CE260E3" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName id="17F1E9FCBDABB326A49D536B374274D9" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Gymnocnemia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnocnemia variegata" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Gymnocnemia variegata</taxonomicName>
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, variability, A Italy, Lazio, Rome [type locality], B Slovenia, C Italy, Sardinia; D
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<taxonomicName id="EA98A25E0CD85EC83EBAFB12BBEC14A6" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Gymnocnemia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnocnemia editaerevayae" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="editaerevayae">Gymnocnemia editaerevayae</taxonomicName>
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, holotype [Morocco, High Atlas] (Photo: B. Michel, CBGP); E
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<taxonomicName id="3BF5C92FA9EF57F4EAC7978D46E7D557" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Gymnocnemia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnocnemia mirabilis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">Gymnocnemia mirabilis</taxonomicName>
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[Oman, Jabal Shams]; F
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<taxonomicName id="F839750CBC531D85F06129744C11083D" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Megistopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megistopus flavicornis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">Megistopus flavicornis</taxonomicName>
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[France, Gard]; G
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<taxonomicName id="3B179959FA65DE77D991BC0756626A74" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Megistopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megistopus lucasi" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucasi">Megistopus lucasi</taxonomicName>
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[Italy, Sardinia].
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2AFE780E6264B4A6EBB1A8C7DA3EC04C" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" type="variability">
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<paragraph id="2EF88315AF4685E06C2ABE472021DDB2" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Variability.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="11BB7A9EAA814D637A788CF9922D2C08" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">(Based on examination of 7 males and 8 females, see Suppl. material 1)</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6C52EE9C966ED7D9C2B884A95D849F8C" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName id="6BB99A10B6EF5CB4CC5C35FB56B03FF3" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Gymnocnemia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnocnemia variegata" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Gymnocnemia variegata</taxonomicName>
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is a widely distributed but exceedingly localized species ranging from the Mediterranean to Central Asia (H.
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<bibRefCitation id="81502880E81803125555ECA3EB1F9D2E" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
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<normalizedToken id="24C805425C08BE63FC1C9DB55236DF9E" originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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and
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<normalizedToken id="A58712AA8DCB8239FBD822A94EEEEECE" originalValue="Hölzel">Hoelzel</normalizedToken>
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1996
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</bibRefCitation>
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, H.
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<bibRefCitation id="B12B472CF7680F44B897240BE0BB51EB" author="Aspoeck, H" journalOrPublisher="Denisia" pageId="9" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 606" title="Kommentierter Katalog der Neuropterida (Insecta: Raphidioptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera) der Westpalaearktis." volume="2" year="2001">
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<normalizedToken id="B49DF8081746E748A5775489B49CDF55" originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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et al. 2001
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</bibRefCitation>
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, Stange, 2004,
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<bibRefCitation id="7D6B6529F5516ED52D983109514065E7" author="Krivokhatsky, VA" journalOrPublisher="KMK, Saint Petersburg" pageId="9" pageNumber="52" title="Antlions (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) of Russia." year="2011">Krivokhatsky 2011</bibRefCitation>
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, Michel, 2013, Monserrat and Acevedo, 2013,
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<bibRefCitation id="E4460AD2247A51DC0168C4D24C7BA41F" author="Badano, D" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa," pageId="9" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 71" title="The larvae of European Myrmeleontidae (Neuroptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3762.1.1" volume="3762" year="2014">Badano and Pantaleoni 2014</bibRefCitation>
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, U.
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<bibRefCitation id="2075B5CAEBFDDAC46460987FDC4EC6C8" author="Aspoeck, U" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity Data Journal" pageId="9" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 22" title="Fauna Europaea: Neuropterida (Raphidioptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera)" url="https://doi.org/10.3897/bdj.3.e4830" volume="3" year="2015">
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<normalizedToken id="7024FCDE8547DA6237BBCC2506898DBF" originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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et al. 2015
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="D3E42466ED21540CEEBCBD74E8F6C7A4" author="Kral, K" editor="Sparrow, DJ" journalOrPublisher="Terra Cypria, Cyprus" pageId="9" pageNumber="52" pagination="242 - 267" title="An Introduction to the Wildlife of Cyprus" year="2016">Kral and Devetak 2016</bibRefCitation>
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). Despite a recent and exhaustive re-description (
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<bibRefCitation id="7971904D3D6D9479BAC00F78F8273950" author="Michel, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="9" pageNumber="52" pagination="93 - 98" title="A new species of Gymnocnemia Schneider, 1845 from Morocco with additional diagnostic data for the genus (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3710.1.7" volume="3710" year="2013">Michel 2013</bibRefCitation>
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), the variability of this myrmeleontid remains unstudied, potentially confusing its identification. Indeed,
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<taxonomicName id="0AC70D46820816BDA1819D8523F5CE88" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Gymnocnemia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnocnemia variegata" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Gymnocnemia variegata</taxonomicName>
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is a highly variable species with distinct pale and dark morphs, differing in the dimension and shape of body markings. The pale morph is characterized by a sand-like body colour with relatively small brown markings. In this form, the vertex has small paired dots, while the pronotum is characterized by two pale spots per side and brown lateral margin (Fig. 2A). On the contrary, the dark morph has a darker tinge and the markings are much more contrasted and developed, resulting in an overall dark habitus. In particular, the pronotal markings blend with each other forming one dark brown stripe per side, while the brown marking on the lateral margin is larger and more evident (Fig. 2B). In exceptionally dark specimens, the dark markings on the vertex are fused in a transversal band, while the pronotum appears mostly dark with a very large stripe per side (Fig. 2C). The body pattern of the closely related
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<taxonomicName id="54A3E9839FDB13EC76C60DCABA1CD37B" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Gymnocnemia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnocnemia editaerevayae" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="editaerevayae">Gymnocnemia editaerevayae</taxonomicName>
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falls in the variability range of
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<taxonomicName id="011B77E10C366D3ACBE0702E897A69FC" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Gymnocnemia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnocnemia variegata" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Gymnocnemia variegata</taxonomicName>
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, thus the two species are best set apart on wing and genital characters (Fig. 2D) (
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<bibRefCitation id="2EB11D543F02F6FF14683427E7C92CE4" author="Michel, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="9" pageNumber="52" pagination="93 - 98" title="A new species of Gymnocnemia Schneider, 1845 from Morocco with additional diagnostic data for the genus (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3710.1.7" volume="3710" year="2013">Michel 2013</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |