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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1134-129" ID-Pensoft-UUID="0973AEF60C1D54EBA960C4E252F447B0" ID-ZooBank="C79C5E40D9C64E3B816F0201713DBA77" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1134-129" checkinTime="1670590531721" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Brunke, Adam J." docDate="2022" docId="E35D008D421E5A10861EFB0A1EF660D5" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1134: 129-170" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1134" docPubDate="2022-12-08" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853" docTitle="Iratiquedius amabilis Brunke 2022, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="0973AEF60C1D54EBA960C4E252F447B0" lastPageNumber="129" masterDocId="0973AEF60C1D54EBA960C4E252F447B0" masterDocTitle="A world generic revision of Quediini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylininae), part 1. Early diverging Nearctic lineages" masterLastPageNumber="170" masterPageNumber="129" pageNumber="129" updateTime="1670590531721" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title>A world generic revision of Quediini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylininae), part 1. Early diverging Nearctic lineages</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Brunke, Adam J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1158-936X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">adam.j.brunke@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2022-12-08</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1134</mods:number>
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<mods:start>129</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1134-129</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E35D008D421E5A10861EFB0A1EF660D5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E35D008D421E5A10861EFB0A1EF660D5" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicName LSID="E35D008D-421E-5A10-861E-FB0A1EF660D5" authority="(Smetana, 1971)" authorityName="Brunke" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Smetana" baseAuthorityYear="1971" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Iratiquedius" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Iratiquedius amabilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="amabilis" status="comb. nov.">Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana, 1971)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="129">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-H dorsal habitus of A, B Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) A male holotype B female non-type C, D I. mutator (Smetana) C male non-type D female holotype E I. prostans (Horn) F I. seriatus (Horn) G Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) H P. marginicollis sp. nov. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779760" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figs 2A, B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-D dorsal head A, B showing confluence of inner eye margin and supra-antennal carina (arrow) E, F abdominal tergites A, D Iratiquedius seriatus (Horn) B Quedius (Raphirus) probus (Casey) C, E I. amabilis (Smetana) F I. prostans (Horn). Abbreviations: af = anterior frontal puncture; b = basal puncture; pf = posterior frontal puncture; sa = supra-antennal puncture. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779761" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">, 3C, E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A-D anterior angle of the pronotum A, B Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) C, D I. mutator (Smetana) A, C macropterous morphotype B, D brachypterous morphotype. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779762" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">, 4A, B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A-G, L-O median lobe of aedeagus A-D, N, O in lateral view E-G, L, M in ventral view O with internal sac everted H-K, P underside of paramere showing peg setae A, B, E, F, H, I Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) C, D, G, J, K I. mutator (Smetana) L-P I. prostans (Horn). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779764" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">, 6A, B, E, F, H, I</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. A-I female tergite X A Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) B I. mutator (Smetana) C I. prostans (Horn) D I. seriatus (Horn), evenly convex E I. uncifer sp. nov., discal impression F Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) G P. marginicollis sp. nov. H-I Quediellus debilis (Horn). Pigmented area on tergite in E not shown for clarity but similar to I. seriatus. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779767" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">, 9A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Distributions of A Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) (circles), I. mutator (Smetana) (squares) B I. prostans (Horn) (black - specimens examined, white - literature records) C I. seriatus (Horn) (circles), I. uncifer sp. nov. (squares) D Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) (circles), P. marginicollis sp. nov. (squares) E Quediellus debilis (Horn) (circles) (black - specimens examined, white - literature records)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779769" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">, 11A (map)</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brunke" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Brunke" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius (Raphirus) amabilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amabilis" status="comb. nov." subGenus="Raphirus">Quedius (Raphirus) amabilis</taxonomicName>
Smetana, 1971: 205.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brunke" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Brunke" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius (Raphirus) amabilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amabilis" status="comb. nov." subGenus="Raphirus">Quedius (Raphirus) amabilis</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Smetana, A" journalOrPublisher="Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="95 - 104" refId="B12" refString="Smetana, A, 1990. Revision of the tribe Quediini of America North of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Supplementum 6. Coleopterists Bulletin 44: 95 - 104" title="Revision of the tribe Quediini of America North of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Supplementum 6." volume="44" year="1990">Smetana 1990</bibRefCitation>
(distributional records).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brunke" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Brunke" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius amabilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amabilis" status="comb. nov.">Quedius amabilis</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12468" author="Brunke, AJ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="396 - 421" refId="B4" refString="Brunke, AJ, Hansen, AK, Salnitska, M, Kypke, JL, Predeus, AV, Escalona, HE, Chapados, JT, Eyres, J, Richter, R, Smetana, A, Ślipinski, SA, Zwick, A, Hajek, J, Leschen, RAB, Solodovnikov, A, Dettman, JR, 2021. The limits of Quediini at last (Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle mega-radiation resolved by comprehensive sampling and anchored phylogenomics. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 396 - 421, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12468" title="The limits of Quediini at last (Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle mega-radiation resolved by comprehensive sampling and anchored phylogenomics." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12468" volume="46" year="2021">Brunke et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
(member of 'Clade
<normalizedToken originalValue="A">A'</normalizedToken>
, non-
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brunke" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Brunke" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Raphirus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raphirus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="comb. nov.">Raphirus</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Near Strawberry, El Dorado County, California, United States.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Holotype</emphasis>
(male, CNC): N.r. Strawberry, Eldorado Co. Cal., 16-17.61 [handwritten label] / #67, 45 [illegible, 'mi
<normalizedToken originalValue="camp">camp'</normalizedToken>
?] [handwritten label] /R. Schuster Collector [printed label] / HOLOTYPE
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brunke" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Brunke" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius amabilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amabilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Quedius amabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Smetana 1968, CNC No. 10876 [red printed label] / CNC935809 [identifier label].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">The aedeagus of the male holotype was never fully dissected by A. Smetana and was glued to the point with the specimen. For the present study, the aedeagus was relaxed, photographed and placed in glycerin within a genitalia vial.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Non-type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">United States: California</emphasis>
: Sierra Co.: 14 mi E Sierra City, Yuba Pass, 6,700' [2,042 m], 26.VI.1976, L. &amp; N. Herman (1 male, CNC); same except 26-28.VI.1976 (2 females, CNC).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brunke" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Smetana" baseAuthorityYear="1971" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Iratiquedius" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Iratiquedius amabilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="amabilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Iratiquedius amabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be recognized within the genus by a combination of the evenly punctate elytra, the lack of golden setae or impressions at the base of the abdominal tergites and the distinctly impressed micropunctures on the anterior angles of the pronotum. The species most closely resembles
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. mutator" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="mutator">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">I. mutator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and can be distinguished from it by the distinct micropunctures of the anterior angles of the pronotum, the shorter apex of the median lobe in lateral view in males or broader, more densely setose apex of female tergite X.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="redescription">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
Measurements ♂ (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">n</emphasis>
= 2): HW/HL 1.21-1.22; PW/PL 1.29-1.32; EW/EL 1.28-1.31; ESut/PL 0.83; PW/HW 1.16-1.33; forebody length 3.3-3.4 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
Measurements ♀ (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">n</emphasis>
= 2): HW/HL 1.18-1.21; PW/PL 1.17-1.24; EW/EL 1.45-1.59; ESut/PL 0.60-0.69; PW/HW 1.22-1.27; forebody length 2.9-3.0 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Dark brown with pronotum becoming slightly to distinctly paler toward margin, elytra variably paler at base, sides and apically, in some individuals only scutellar area darkened, pale areas varying from brownish red to yellowish red or brownish yellow; antennomeres 1-3 sometimes slightly darker than remaining segments, which are brownish yellow to dark brown; pro- and mesofemora paler, yellowish brown; abdominal tergites narrowly paler apically, sternites with broader pale area at apex.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
With distinct macropterous and brachypterous morphotypes (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-H dorsal habitus of A, B Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) A male holotype B female non-type C, D I. mutator (Smetana) C male non-type D female holotype E I. prostans (Horn) F I. seriatus (Horn) G Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) H P. marginicollis sp. nov. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779760" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">2A, B</figureCitation>
). Head distinctly transverse, temples extremely short, immediately converging to neck posteriad of eyes; disc of head with microsculpture intermediate between transverse waves and transverse meshes, meshes becoming tighter on frons; posterior frontal puncture located at posterior fourth of eye; interocular punctures present or absent; labrum short, strongly transverse, forming two lobes; area between anterior frontal punctures with broad, transverse and shallow impression, encompassing interocular punctures, if present; antennomeres 1-5 (macropterous) or 1-4 (brachypterous) clearly elongate, segments becoming shorter toward apex, 8-10 weakly to moderately transverse; pronotum strongly (macropterous) to moderately (brachypterous) transverse; disc with microsculpture of transverse waves, often changing direction, becoming isodiametric meshes on anterior angles, anterior angles with distinct, shallow micropunctures, strongly (macropterous) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A-D anterior angle of the pronotum A, B Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) C, D I. mutator (Smetana) A, C macropterous morphotype B, D brachypterous morphotype. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779762" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">4A</figureCitation>
) to moderately (brachypterous) impressed (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A-D anterior angle of the pronotum A, B Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) C, D I. mutator (Smetana) A, C macropterous morphotype B, D brachypterous morphotype. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779762" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">4B</figureCitation>
); elytra moderately (macropterous), to strongly transverse (brachypterous), at suture moderately (macropterous) to markedly (brachypterous) shorter than pronotum at midline, disc without microsculpture, punctation sparse, most punctures separated by about one puncture width (brachypterous) to slightly denser, with several punctures touching each other laterally (macropterous); abdomen with dense microsculpture of transverse waves, punctures slightly (macropterous) to distinctly (brachypterous) denser on bases of segments.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779762" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A-D</emphasis>
anterior angle of the pronotum
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A, B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brunke" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Smetana" baseAuthorityYear="1971" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Iratiquedius" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Iratiquedius amabilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="amabilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Iratiquedius amabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Smetana)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">C, D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. mutator" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="mutator">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">I. mutator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Smetana)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A, C</emphasis>
macropterous morphotype
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">B, D</emphasis>
brachypterous morphotype. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Male.</emphasis>
Sternite VIII with distinct, wide V-shaped emargination; tergite X triangular, with short, rounded apex; sternite IX overall narrow, with long asymmetrical basal part and narrow, minutely emarginate apex; median lobe in ventral view with short tooth, subparallel, with slight expansion subapically, before converging to narrow, truncate apex bearing slight to distinct emargination (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A-G, L-O median lobe of aedeagus A-D, N, O in lateral view E-G, L, M in ventral view O with internal sac everted H-K, P underside of paramere showing peg setae A, B, E, F, H, I Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) C, D, G, J, K I. mutator (Smetana) L-P I. prostans (Horn). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779764" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">6E, F</figureCitation>
); median lobe in lateral view arcuate ventrad, with moderately long apical area, wide tooth and narrow, rounded apex (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A-G, L-O median lobe of aedeagus A-D, N, O in lateral view E-G, L, M in ventral view O with internal sac everted H-K, P underside of paramere showing peg setae A, B, E, F, H, I Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) C, D, G, J, K I. mutator (Smetana) L-P I. prostans (Horn). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779764" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">6A, B</figureCitation>
); paramere subparallel, slightly expanded subapically, converging to moderately narrow, rounded apex, with or without small emargination, peg setae arranged in dense marginal row (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A-G, L-O median lobe of aedeagus A-D, N, O in lateral view E-G, L, M in ventral view O with internal sac everted H-K, P underside of paramere showing peg setae A, B, E, F, H, I Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) C, D, G, J, K I. mutator (Smetana) L-P I. prostans (Horn). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779764" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">6H, I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Female.</emphasis>
Tergite X narrowly triangular, with apex slightly attenuate, with dense marginal setae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. A-I female tergite X A Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) B I. mutator (Smetana) C I. prostans (Horn) D I. seriatus (Horn), evenly convex E I. uncifer sp. nov., discal impression F Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) G P. marginicollis sp. nov. H-I Quediellus debilis (Horn). Pigmented area on tergite in E not shown for clarity but similar to I. seriatus. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779767" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">9A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">United States</emphasis>
: CA.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">This species is known only from two rather close localities in the Sierra Nevada of California.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="bionomics">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Bionomics.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
Nothing specific is known about this
<normalizedToken originalValue="species">species'</normalizedToken>
microhabitat preferences, though it probably lives in moss along the margins of springs and spring-fed creeks.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" author="Smetana, A" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="1 - 303" refId="B10" refString="Smetana, A, 1971. Revision of the tribe Quediini of North America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 103 (79): 1 - 303, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" title="Revision of the tribe Quediini of North America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" volume="103" year="1971">Smetana (1971)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brunke" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Brunke" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius amabilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amabilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Quedius amabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. mutator" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="mutator">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Q. mutator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the only members of the Amabilis group of
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius (Raphirus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Raphirus">Quedius (Raphirus)</taxonomicName>
. The former was known from one male and one female, both macropterous and collected from the Sierra Nevada, while the latter was only known from a single, brachypterous female collected at a different locality in the northern Coast Range mountains to the west. In addition to elytral and wing size,
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" author="Smetana, A" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="1 - 303" refId="B10" refString="Smetana, A, 1971. Revision of the tribe Quediini of North America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 103 (79): 1 - 303, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" title="Revision of the tribe Quediini of North America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" volume="103" year="1971">Smetana (1971)</bibRefCitation>
cited differences in the punctation of the abdominal tergites, shape of the antennomeres, elytral punctation and pronotum shape. Nothing was reported for many years until
<bibRefCitation author="Smetana, A" journalOrPublisher="Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="95 - 104" refId="B12" refString="Smetana, A, 1990. Revision of the tribe Quediini of America North of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Supplementum 6. Coleopterists Bulletin 44: 95 - 104" title="Revision of the tribe Quediini of America North of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Supplementum 6." volume="44" year="1990">Smetana (1990)</bibRefCitation>
, reported two brachypterous female specimens as
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. mutator" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="mutator">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Q. mutator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and four macropterous males (one studied here) as
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brunke" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Brunke" baseAuthorityYear="2022" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. amabilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="amabilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Q. amabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, both collected on Yuba Pass, California (Sierra Nevada) on different dates. He considered the possibility that
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. mutator" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="mutator">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Q. mutator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may simply be a brachypterous morph of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brunke" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Brunke" baseAuthorityYear="2022" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. amabilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="amabilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Q. amabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
A macropterous male from Yuba Pass was dissected and its aedeagus closely resembles that of the holotype of
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. amabilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="amabilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">I. amabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A-G, L-O median lobe of aedeagus A-D, N, O in lateral view E-G, L, M in ventral view O with internal sac everted H-K, P underside of paramere showing peg setae A, B, E, F, H, I Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) C, D, G, J, K I. mutator (Smetana) L-P I. prostans (Horn). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779764" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">6A, B</figureCitation>
). The apical emargination of the median lobe in ventral view is less pronounced in the holotype compared to the non-type, and the paramere is slightly emarginate in the holotype, but these differences are considered to be intraspecific variation. In lateral view, the two specimens are nearly identical. The specimens are also similar externally and I agree with
<bibRefCitation author="Smetana, A" journalOrPublisher="Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="95 - 104" refId="B12" refString="Smetana, A, 1990. Revision of the tribe Quediini of America North of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Supplementum 6. Coleopterists Bulletin 44: 95 - 104" title="Revision of the tribe Quediini of America North of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Supplementum 6." volume="44" year="1990">Smetana (1990)</bibRefCitation>
that they are conspecific. The two brachypterous females differ from the macropterous male in all other characters (antennae, pronotum, elytra, punctation of abdominal tergites) previously used to differentiate
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. amabilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="amabilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">I. amabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. mutator" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="mutator">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">I. mutator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. One male and one female from the Yuba Pass series were sequenced and their half-length (325 bp) barcodes were only 0.34% divergent (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Neighbor-joining trees of CO 1 barcode sequences for species of Iratiquedius, Paraquedius, and Quediellus, calculated under the Kimura- 2 model for pairwise distance. White circles indicate macropterous ' debilis' morphotypes of Q. debilis, all other Q. debilis are of brachypterous ' nanulus' morphotypes. Scale bar equivalent to 2 % divergence. Sequence length, including number of ambiguous base pairs (N's), is given at the end of each sample name." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779768" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">10</figureCitation>
). This result suggests that the two morphotypes collected together on Yuba Pass are conspecific, correspond to
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. amabilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="amabilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">I. amabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and they are here treated as such. The existence of a macropterous female (the unstudied allotype), if it is indeed a female, indicates that females of
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. amabilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="amabilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">I. amabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are wing dimorphic.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
However, the female holotype of
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. mutator" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="mutator">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">I. mutator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the Yuba Pass females by the even shorter elytra, shorter antennomeres 4-10 and the distinctly different apex of tergite X (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-H dorsal habitus of A, B Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) A male holotype B female non-type C, D I. mutator (Smetana) C male non-type D female holotype E I. prostans (Horn) F I. seriatus (Horn) G Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) H P. marginicollis sp. nov. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779760" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">2D</figureCitation>
). This suggests that
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. mutator" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="mutator">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">I. mutator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a valid species and that macropterous and brachypterous morphotypes confusingly exist in both species. All characters used previously to differentiate the two species are here considered to be associated with wing-dimorphism. Two fully winged males from the Central Valley of California were recently found in the FMNH collection (see below) and differ both externally (micropunctation of pronotum) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-H dorsal habitus of A, B Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) A male holotype B female non-type C, D I. mutator (Smetana) C male non-type D female holotype E I. prostans (Horn) F I. seriatus (Horn) G Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) H P. marginicollis sp. nov. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779760" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">2C</figureCitation>
) and in male genitalia from the known males of
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. amabilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="amabilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">I. amabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. One specimen was sequenced and its partial barcode was found to be 11.3% different from the Yuba Pass specimens (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Neighbor-joining trees of CO 1 barcode sequences for species of Iratiquedius, Paraquedius, and Quediellus, calculated under the Kimura- 2 model for pairwise distance. White circles indicate macropterous ' debilis' morphotypes of Q. debilis, all other Q. debilis are of brachypterous ' nanulus' morphotypes. Scale bar equivalent to 2 % divergence. Sequence length, including number of ambiguous base pairs (N's), is given at the end of each sample name." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779768" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">10</figureCitation>
). Instead, these two males more closely resemble the female holotype of
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. mutator" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="mutator">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">I. mutator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in external morphology, and the concept of
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. mutator" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="mutator">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">I. mutator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is expanded below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>