216 lines
17 KiB
XML
216 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1014.60426" ID-GBIF-Dataset="97cd82f3-4a3a-43ca-a68f-92a5a2074d07" ID-PMC="PMC7875960" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1014-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="62961664CAED5F15B9C8A9990D7D388D" ID-PubMed="33603534" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1014-1" checkinTime="1612410909014" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Achterberg, Cornelis van" docDate="2021" docId="E3080B3001EA55B9A2128AFD98161CBB" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1014: 1-118" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1014" docPubDate="2021-02-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1014.60426" docTitle="Phanerotoma bilinea Lyle 1924" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="62961664CAED5F15B9C8A9990D7D388D" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="62961664CAED5F15B9C8A9990D7D388D" masterDocTitle="The tribe Phanerotomini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Cheloninae) of the Arabian Peninsula, with special reference to the United Arab Emirates and Yemen" masterLastPageNumber="118" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668149759257" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The tribe Phanerotomini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Cheloninae) of the Arabian Peninsula, with special reference to the United Arab Emirates and Yemen</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Achterberg, Cornelis van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6495-4853</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">kees@vanachterberg.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-02-03</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1014</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>118</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1014.60426</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1014.60426</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1014-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">62961664CAED5F15B9C8A9990D7D388D</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="177209554" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E3080B3001EA55B9A2128AFD98161CBB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E3080B3001EA55B9A2128AFD98161CBB" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="E3080B30-01EA-55B9-A212-8AFD98161CBB" authority="Lyle, 1924" authorityName="Lyle" authorityYear="1924" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phanerotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phanerotoma bilinea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bilinea">Phanerotoma bilinea Lyle, 1924</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 40–43" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 40 - 43. Phanerotoma bilinea Lyle, Yemen, ♀ (40) and ♂ (41 - 43) 40 habitus lateral 41 hind femur, lateral 42 middle tibia lateral 43 apical third of antenna lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys..60426.figures40-43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/504630" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 40-43</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 44–54" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 44 - 54. Phanerotoma bilinea Lyle, ♀, Yemen 44 wings 45 mesosoma dorsal 46 first-third metasomal tergites dorsal 47 metasoma lateral 48 antenna lateral 49 mandible ventral 50 apical third of antenna lateral 51 head dorsal 52 head anterior 53 head lateral 54 hind leg lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys..60426.figures44-54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/504631" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 44-54</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lyle" authorityYear="1924" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phanerotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phanerotoma bilinea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bilinea">Phanerotoma bilinea</taxonomicName>
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Lyle, 1924: 101; Zettel, 1987: 364; van Achterberg, 1990: 24-25 (redescription, lectotype designation).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Bracotritoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bracotritoma bilinea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bilinea">Bracotritoma bilinea</taxonomicName>
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; Shenefelt, 1973: 909.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Snoflak" authorityYear="1951" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phanerotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phanerotoma gregori" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gregori">Phanerotoma gregori</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Snoflák">Snoflak</normalizedToken>
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, 1951: 13; Shenefelt, 1973: 916 (synonymised by
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<bibRefCitation author="Zettel, H" journalOrPublisher="Linzer biologische Beitraege" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="359 - 376" refId="B38" refString="Zettel, H, 1987. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Sigalphinen und Cheloninen Fauna in Oesterreich (Hym., Braconidae). Linzer biologische Beitraege 19: 359 - 376" title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Sigalphinen und Cheloninen Fauna in Oesterreich (Hym., Braconidae)." volume="19" year="1987">Zettel (1987)</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
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♀ of
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<taxonomicName family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. gregori" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gregori">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. gregori</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(MMB); lectotype ♀ of
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<taxonomicName family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. bilinea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bilinea">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. bilinea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(NHMUK; collected from a
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quercus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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tree).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Yemen</emphasis>
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(Ar Rujum, Malaise trap;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Sana’a">Sana'a</normalizedToken>
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, Malaise, light and pitfall traps; Al Kadan, light trap;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ta’izz">Ta'izz</normalizedToken>
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, light trap; 12 km NW of Manakhah, Malaise trap).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Hypopygium of ♀ with spine-like, long and acute narrow triangular protuberance (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 40–43" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 40 - 43. Phanerotoma bilinea Lyle, Yemen, ♀ (40) and ♂ (41 - 43) 40 habitus lateral 41 hind femur, lateral 42 middle tibia lateral 43 apical third of antenna lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys..60426.figures40-43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/504630" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">40</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 44–54" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 44 - 54. Phanerotoma bilinea Lyle, ♀, Yemen 44 wings 45 mesosoma dorsal 46 first-third metasomal tergites dorsal 47 metasoma lateral 48 antenna lateral 49 mandible ventral 50 apical third of antenna lateral 51 head dorsal 52 head anterior 53 head lateral 54 hind leg lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys..60426.figures44-54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/504631" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">47</figureCitation>
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); fourth sternite of ♀ enlarged; inner tooth of mandible 0.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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apical tooth (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 44–54" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 44 - 54. Phanerotoma bilinea Lyle, ♀, Yemen 44 wings 45 mesosoma dorsal 46 first-third metasomal tergites dorsal 47 metasoma lateral 48 antenna lateral 49 mandible ventral 50 apical third of antenna lateral 51 head dorsal 52 head anterior 53 head lateral 54 hind leg lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys..60426.figures44-54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/504631" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">49</figureCitation>
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); vein r of fore wing 0.2-0.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as vein 3-SR; apical half of hind tibia with large dark brown patch laterally; medially third tergite 1.0-1.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than second tergite, tergite dark brown medially, rounded laterally and moderately concave medio-posteriorly in dorsal view (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 44–54" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 44 - 54. Phanerotoma bilinea Lyle, ♀, Yemen 44 wings 45 mesosoma dorsal 46 first-third metasomal tergites dorsal 47 metasoma lateral 48 antenna lateral 49 mandible ventral 50 apical third of antenna lateral 51 head dorsal 52 head anterior 53 head lateral 54 hind leg lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys..60426.figures44-54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/504631" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46</figureCitation>
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); ovipositor sheath narrow and only apically with some erect setae. Similar to
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<taxonomicName family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. maculata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="maculata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. maculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Wollaston, 1858) from Madeira; but
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<taxonomicName family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. bilinea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bilinea">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. bilinea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has the third metasomal tergite 1.0-1.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as the second tergite medially (1.4-1.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than second tergite in
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<taxonomicName family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. maculata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="maculata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. maculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) and its apical half distinctly sculptured and slightly shiny (at least partly smooth and distinctly shiny), middle tibia pale yellow (surroundings of blister dark brown) and vein 2-SR distinctly curved (straight).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys..60426.figures40-43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/504630" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 40–43" startId="F7">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 40-43.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lyle" authorityYear="1924" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phanerotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phanerotoma bilinea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bilinea">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phanerotoma bilinea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Lyle, Yemen, ♀ (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">40</emphasis>
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) and ♂ (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">41-43</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">40</emphasis>
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habitus lateral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">41</emphasis>
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hind femur, lateral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">42</emphasis>
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middle tibia lateral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">43</emphasis>
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apical third of antenna lateral.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="variation">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Variations.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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(Yemen). Length of fore wing of ♀ 2.3-3.0 mm, of ♂ 2.1-2.7 mm; parastigma and vein 1-M of fore wing yellowish, brown to rather dark brown; third metasomal tergite 1.0-1.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as the second tergite medially; third and fourth antennal segments in ventral view distinctly darker than scapus and only very rarely similar brownish; apical half of hind tibia yellowish ventrally and outer side largely dark brown (but apically yellowish brown).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Parasitoid of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1797" class="Hexapoda" family="Tortricidae" genus="Argyrotaenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyrotaenia ljungiana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ljungiana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Argyrotaenia ljungiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Thunberg, 1797) (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tortricidae</taxonomicName>
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) and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Prays" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prays citri" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prays citri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Milliere, 1873) (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1829" class="Hexapoda" family="Yponomeutidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Yponomeutidae</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Austria; Azerbaijan; Belgium; Czech Republic; France; Germany; Greece; Hungary; Japan; Korea; Moldova; Netherlands; Poland; Romania; Russia (including Far East Russia); Slovakia; Spain; Switzerland; Ukraine; United Kingdom; Serbia; *Yemen.</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys..60426.figures44-54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/504631" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 44–54" startId="F8">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 44-54.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lyle" authorityYear="1924" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phanerotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phanerotoma bilinea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bilinea">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phanerotoma bilinea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Lyle, ♀, Yemen
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">44</emphasis>
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wings
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">45</emphasis>
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mesosoma dorsal
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46</emphasis>
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first-third metasomal tergites dorsal
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">47</emphasis>
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metasoma lateral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48</emphasis>
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antenna lateral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">49</emphasis>
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mandible ventral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50</emphasis>
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apical third of antenna lateral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51</emphasis>
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head dorsal
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">52</emphasis>
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head anterior
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53</emphasis>
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head lateral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54</emphasis>
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hind leg lateral.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |