treatments-xml/data/CF/CE/2F/CFCE2F79AF20B23C44AF84F2E0C6CECB.xml

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<mods:namePart id="ABC89EEBE1B1831F9FE0716940EFCE04">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="EF41EFE3B8A9EBE4323C3DECC767C70A">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="785FF77995B0B74E7BFF8120848E5109" ID-CoL="5VV3" authority="Linnaeus 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B921476EF94C044D087ADC2BF03039EB" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
Linnaeus 1758
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<paragraph id="399A0E4D2A3D5626B240B53133AAFCFA" pageNumber="1386">
<treatmentCitation id="0C9371254540B12877493908AC9B2C5B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3914434" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3914434" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D437D242-8047-4700-A041-4E0FF117D168" author="Linnaeus" authority="Linnaeus 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/32446092CF852569F2FC5197B9123488" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" page="59" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" title="Mus" volumeTitle="Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1" year="1758">
<taxonomicName id="E18F6A4097663739F24D7C9A8B06A491" ID-CoL="5VV3" authority="Linnaeus 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B67A86DACF450F1DEEEC87B1B0FFD7AD" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="636AB5C3027DE148D486766F51D0841F" author="Linnaeus, C." refId="ref213949" refString="Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classis, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tenth ed. Vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp." year="1758">Linnaeus 1758</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<bibCitation id="7A0E80BB2DE8ACA196D29505CA0FCE06" author="Linnaeus" pageNumber="1386" pagination="59" title="Mus" volumeTitle="Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1" year="1758">Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1: 59</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="B7149353F29BD635F526256AFE08A6BA" pageNumber="1386" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="35846FC0A1A46A4F57E1AA3D07BC54CD" pageNumber="1386">
<emphasis id="94BB0C2D04B18C4BACA621D17DE34ED0" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1386">Type Species:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A7DE8A243DCF50E9A00CA7AD12BED8FC" authority="Linnaeus 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="musculus">
<emphasis id="A77F53EF91503F04EE630B486C30FCFC" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus musculus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="72D85C077B90F2809C984CC4B0A2D6E7" author="Linnaeus, C." refId="ref213949" refString="Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classis, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tenth ed. Vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp." year="1758">Linnaeus 1758</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DC22EBF2ABEB61258B12AEC50D803007" pageNumber="1386" type="synonym_list">
<paragraph id="8F5FA17E0D72080AE0D3967448F4CE52" pageNumber="1386">
<emphasis id="03430330D5D0A5C368297134056113D4" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1386">Synonyms:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="92586372AC2DCF07083283F80EE56BB4" authority="Kretzoi and Vertes 1967" authorityName="Kretzoi and Vertes" authorityYear="1967" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Budamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AD3E2CF4002CC989ED2109A00337414A" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Budamys</emphasis>
Kretzoi and Vertes 1967
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="46F379E10C3360A63D50268E37B35C41" authority="Tschudi 1844" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityYear="1844" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Drymomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6513BE33FCF71971AC9A803A4540A05A" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Drymomys</emphasis>
Tschudi 1844
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="5CFA04DDC5BB0DB7D907B028F7D42A7C" authority="Deraniyagala 1966" authorityName="Deraniyagala" authorityYear="1966" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gatamiya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="133AC74BE50A2B62149EF828C6037F69" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Gatamiya</emphasis>
Deraniyagala 1966
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="12847B4957E5302A9AB97CD8F6CB88C9" authority="Thomas 1925" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1925" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Hylenomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9174BEA89FDC12A62A85E2CC303F456F" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Hylenomys</emphasis>
Thomas 1925
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="2E5292AF5A51D0D039DA43D94F165706" authority="Gray 1837" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Leggada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="065751D20294E1F846DCCCB9FC8F36F9" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Leggada</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F02CE9EA429607A117869F0B6B9DC2C6" author="Gray, J. E." refId="ref128275" refString="Gray, J. E. 1837 [1838]. On a new species of paradoxure (Paradoxurus derbianus) with remarks on some Mammalia recently purchased by the British Museum, and characters of the new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1837: 67." year="1837">Gray 1837</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="AFA5A8FE9F466C24549B2739D509B3EE" authority="Thomas 1914" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1914" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Leggadilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="819EE1F6278A0823DA519965699FAAEC" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Leggadilla</emphasis>
Thomas 1914
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="CDDD8B43E9FEB07907E2226EB1B31428" authority="Rafinesque 1814" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1814" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Musculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="924670E3DF27543384A3428140154C2F" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Musculus</emphasis>
Rafinesque 1814
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="71EFAF0C2E5ABC56A9B95E1CFB3E5747" authority="Robinson and Kloss 1918" authorityName="Robinson and Kloss" authorityYear="1918" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mycteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CF6103785B2AAE410693701593104518" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mycteromys</emphasis>
Robinson and Kloss 1918
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="C4103F57D9C4C0E553B0AE9DE29AC456" authority="Robinson and Kloss 1916" authorityName="Robinson and Kloss" authorityYear="1916" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Oromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CBBBE857550D1CED7E07E45EE5A71BA" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Oromys</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7C9C5630D8EBFF1CABC603F1AD08C9E3" author="Robinson, H. C. &amp; C. B. Kloss" refId="ref307185" refString="Robinson, H. C., and C. B. Kloss. 1916. Preliminary diagnoses of some new species and subspecies of mammals and birds obtained in Korinchi, West Sumatra, Feb. - June 1914. Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 73: 269 - 278." year="1916">Robinson and Kloss 1916</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="A016D13D36FFB1B866D9EA058466B0D9" authority="Rhoads 1896" authorityName="Rhoads" authorityYear="1896" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Pseudoconomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="34394327326496B16A3FC5CCA330F5FE" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Pseudoconomys</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7DEA44302967A109A59400AE43E9B218" author="Rhoads, S. N." refId="ref303219" refString="Rhoads, S. N. 1896. Mammals collected by Dr. A. Donaldson Smith during his expedition to Lake Rudolf, Africa. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1896: 517 - 546." year="1896">Rhoads 1896</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="C3722FBE991ED863F760D1C6696A564F" authority="Kloss 1917" authorityName="Kloss" authorityYear="1917" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Tautatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCFF0F9062AE959A625B3C2F24B7D498" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Tautatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5EF3488FEFC1E6408822C2ED8808C393" author="Kloss, C. B." refId="ref189514" refString="Kloss, C. B. 1917. On the mongooses of the Malay peninsula. Journal of the Federation of Malay States Museum, 7 (3): 123 - 125." year="1917">Kloss 1917</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C0158CAD269EE28BFBE0FB22DED532E8" pageNumber="1386" type="child_taxa">
<paragraph id="F95FE94780C7352F4FDBC0A1A51063C9" pageNumber="1386">
<emphasis id="84399A937E15B376D3E1FE6FC1C5B9E0" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1386">Species and subspecies:</emphasis>
38 species with 5 subspecies in 4 subgenera:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B48295DC2FD56CB1AD67AA976414BCF7" pageNumber="1386">
Subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4FC771629BFFB7A019DA031E49190390" authority="Linnaeus 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Mus">
<emphasis id="D8DE670FFA25C94231B36F1C60B2841D" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Mus)</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8CE159BC6F29D8E85B792CE5D7A1A5A0" author="Linnaeus, C." refId="ref213949" refString="Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classis, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tenth ed. Vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp." year="1758">Linnaeus 1758</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="43BF3575CFF931ACC7DACDA39995C076" pageNumber="1386">
Subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="CD79758572E4A6F360D5C0FAAED968AD" authority="Peters 1876" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="62EC16F7286AC1C2AFD696DB1525C0C2" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys)</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="102892D4AA8C8E2B7540DAEB653C5AEC" author="Peters, W. C. H." refId="ref282280" refString="Peters, W. C. H. 1876. Uber die Pelzrobbe von der Inseln St. Paul und Amsterdam. Monatsberichte der Koniglich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1876: 315 - 316." year="1876">Peters 1876</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CF9EF4510FF6ACF15B0456856C90DC73" pageNumber="1386">
Subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="31C6FA94F012F512754C70FAB9293516" authority="Thomas 1915" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Coelomys">
<emphasis id="1C2BB28A80DBD2FE555768DA6A5E3EE3" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Coelomys)</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B094DAE77B1A36170EDCA90D9A77EFE7" author="Thomas, O." refId="ref353986" refString="Thomas, O. 1915. List of mammals (exclusive of Ungulata) collected on the Upper Congo by Dr. Christy for the Congo Museum, Tervueren. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, 16: 465 - 481." year="1915">Thomas 1915</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="71391E4E1F3EAD38AE770100BB541B90" pageNumber="1386">
Subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="8C30B988AA9D2C7C98F154B847C3A13D" authority="Thomas 1911" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pyromys">
<emphasis id="83A58A5B88C54CFBAB9D6BC5AA137332" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Pyromys)</emphasis>
Thomas 1911
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D12C70C9197BEEA25D87762270CFE53" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="E758566169B74B120D8E5F8C9464C5F5" authority="Vermeiren and Verheyen 1980" authorityName="Vermeiren and Verheyen" authorityYear="1980" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baoulei" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="C865FAA6AA69EB2C940F87A01F3A8F44" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys) baoulei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C0195BB13E923D31790C6776AB86716" author="Vermeiren, L. &amp; W. N. Verheyen" refId="ref370716" refString="Vermeiren, L., and W. N. Verheyen. 1980. Notes sur les Leggada de Lamto, Cote d'Ivoire, avec la description de Leggada baoulei sp. n. (Mammalia, Muridae). Revue de Zoologie Africaine, 94: 570 - 590." year="1980">Vermeiren and Verheyen 1980</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F53FAC9D771DB85DCC6488AC92256098" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="9998807CC72E5A8BD0D6085D5FDCD535" authority="Gray 1837" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="booduga" subGenus="Mus">
<emphasis id="FA71998622A69FBD3D7ACD139B8EB95B" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Mus) booduga</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EB49AFE5C998F9DE959D6012CAEE4235" author="Gray, J. E." refId="ref128275" refString="Gray, J. E. 1837 [1838]. On a new species of paradoxure (Paradoxurus derbianus) with remarks on some Mammalia recently purchased by the British Museum, and characters of the new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1837: 67." year="1837">Gray 1837</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A34AE56A6CB4C8DF07D6242756D5ECFB" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="B9E650F3CCF9DD19D8719E4E93776118" authority="Thomas 1906" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1906" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bufo" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="A948ACD61C7D75460ED151BA5CE08AEE" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys) bufo</emphasis>
Thomas 1906
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="73E6C1DFBD5978D01704BDB29FB67264" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="ADDAD0722BF0EEACFE28F6467506DF32" authority="Thomas 1925" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1925" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="callewaerti" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="47738FC21C5A009D112F7C79DD9E6DAF" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys) callewaerti</emphasis>
Thomas 1925
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C6A63DA1BF124E4DFCEBA595426CC905" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="CDEB912A8C18D08E185D3EA551F57F93" authority="Bonhote 1902" authorityName="Bonhote" authorityYear="1902" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caroli" subGenus="Mus">
<emphasis id="F2E0F372FF5DF1D2EF5253FE220497D4" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Mus) caroli</emphasis>
Bonhote 1902
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F455C775C068471C4D07BDB40AC50570" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="ED2E74C96126D2574F5765ADD44C4016" authority="Hodgson 1845" authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="1845" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cervicolor" subGenus="Mus">
<emphasis id="E222A1350D0DA07604D790D7B1F549CF" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Mus) cervicolor</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="28E1E94135A8297D9B4899AB06F21A97" author="Hodgson, B. H." refId="ref154508" refString="Hodgson, B. H. 1845. On the rats, mice, and shrews of the central region of Nepal. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, [ser. 1], 15: 266 - 270." year="1845">Hodgson 1845</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="769F0A051DA60DE4FA1ECD5A8ADD81A6" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="2A2809A9A01030669BF9C66E0A84DDCD" authority="Ryley 1914" authorityName="Ryley" authorityYear="1914" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cookii" subGenus="Mus">
<emphasis id="AEBF9820EC3EF4D333FA5BD6A57288CE" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Mus) cookii</emphasis>
Ryley 1914
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5C21BB346F57BDEDCCE284044319C536" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="CE936594ACDE8D6F80EABF328980E7B3" authority="Robinson and Kloss 1916" authorityName="Robinson and Kloss" authorityYear="1916" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crociduroides" subGenus="Coelomys">
<emphasis id="05360B15B613CCAE4CACC0AAF812E2A3" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Coelomys) crociduroides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="859451986D5A59B4C3D22AF646AC8B7E" author="Robinson, H. C. &amp; C. B. Kloss" refId="ref307185" refString="Robinson, H. C., and C. B. Kloss. 1916. Preliminary diagnoses of some new species and subspecies of mammals and birds obtained in Korinchi, West Sumatra, Feb. - June 1914. Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 73: 269 - 278." year="1916">Robinson and Kloss 1916</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DC1A4AAD35B42DE1841A02D94B1A8ECA" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="2C1407D5DA0D21C47B596BC7F62BBEF0" authority="Bonhote 1898" authorityName="Bonhote" authorityYear="1898" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="famulus" subGenus="Mus">
<emphasis id="EB5AE78EE451EFA7BC33F3DABE16D0EE" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Mus) famulus</emphasis>
Bonhote 1898
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D4E93D6EEF5174DD42883CB92F832C7" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="54441775DD3298575CCCFD1CB27AC24D" authority="Phillips 1932" authorityName="Phillips" authorityYear="1932" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fernandoni" subGenus="Pyromys">
<emphasis id="CE3328B37282D46F00AE9A95D3E512AD" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Pyromys) fernandoni</emphasis>
Phillips 1932
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD77A6628C105E988206C775A562BDB" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="429745D0AEBBD6BDBBB20F095FCC3BB9" authority="Auffray, Orth, Catalan, Gonzalez, Desmarais, and Bonhomme 2003" authorityName="Auffray, Orth, Catalan, Gonzalez, Desmarais, and Bonhomme" authorityYear="2003" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fragilicauda" subGenus="Mus">
<emphasis id="E0854D893B98DD53F82A4A003706CC8B" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Mus) fragilicauda</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6084D75665BBFED64D538FC33ABBF213" author="Auffray, J. - C. &amp; A. Orth &amp; J. Catalan &amp; J. - P. Gonzalez &amp; E. Desmarais &amp; F. Bonhomme" refId="ref15502" refString="Auffray, J. - C., A. Orth, J. Catalan, J. - P. Gonzalez, E. Desmarais, and F. Bonhomme. 2003. Phylogenetic position and description of a new species of subgenus Mus (Rodentia, Mammalia) from Thailand. Zoologica Scripta, 32: 119 - 127." year="2003">Auffray, Orth, Catalan, Gonzalez, Desmarais, and Bonhomme 2003</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F9F29432D739C6D3EACECA4B992D1B90" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="8EF1B8F064EA9A97ECA4EC4C6702E7EC" authority="F. Petter and Genest 1970" authorityName="F. Petter and Genest" authorityYear="1970" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goundae" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="039CD45168064FD4972F72F765FE718C" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys) goundae</emphasis>
F. 
<bibRefCitation id="D64ECC7B54C1F39D03BCA3187848E5AB" author="Petter, F. &amp; H. Genest" refId="ref284552" refString="Petter, F., and H. Genest. 1970. Liste preliminaire des rongeurs myomorphes de Republique Centrafricaine. Description de deux souris nouvelles: Mus oubanguii et Mus goundae. Mammalia, 34: 451 - 458." year="1970">Petter and Genest 1970</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C009B5FD0E3B15515A54DC88CC64924B" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="0805A45ABC7BEC2A828DE7F7BCB41993" authority="Thomas and Hinton 1920" authorityName="Thomas and Hinton" authorityYear="1920" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haussa" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="7C17A059A2852053DEE8E661EA8C5EFB" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys) haussa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="534B0B8BDEB5934927A9464E2C7C3A97" author="Thomas, O. &amp; M. A. C. Hinton" refId="ref355570" refString="Thomas, O., and M. A. C. Hinton. 1920. On the group of African zorils represented by Ictonyx libyca. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 9, 5: 367 - 369." year="1920">Thomas and Hinton 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C081645623F87FC67D4AF02BE683C754" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="A4BFA22A2B86E31C2827D2EAA65A8A89" authority="Thomas 1910" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indutus" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="14C2AAD4C400B8080F450D9B9039B7B0" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys) indutus</emphasis>
Thomas 1910
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DC13CCDD45EEF4E0FC7668C80B20F2C1" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="146171B68D851F8AC1801B1D5B5EE70E" authority="Petrov and Ruzic 1983" authorityName="Petrov and Ruzic" authorityYear="1983" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macedonicus" subGenus="Mus">
<emphasis id="09B25284B95420CB0DD4D98FBF38640A" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Mus) macedonicus</emphasis>
Petrov and Ruzic 1983
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3B7076AA3D8163CE89D60E539D53C60" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="D50B7C21B1ACA701287951BBFB670006" authority="Rhoads 1896" authorityName="Rhoads" authorityYear="1896" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mahomet" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="264409478FE57F5CCE194A7B01F62D4A" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys) mahomet</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DE0AC440F8D1DAFABFD3C95B78ED6EBB" author="Rhoads, S. N." refId="ref303219" refString="Rhoads, S. N. 1896. Mammals collected by Dr. A. Donaldson Smith during his expedition to Lake Rudolf, Africa. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1896: 517 - 546." year="1896">Rhoads 1896</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D64F1FC863A52FE0FF8D36D23D92C09" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="20DF627956DF89FE8370AC6A794E5AA1" authority="F. Petter 1969" authorityName="F. Petter" authorityYear="1969" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mattheyi" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="E8AB01D3D8317A3D349E4984E1F7B419" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys) mattheyi</emphasis>
F. Petter 1969
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F12B0569F086EA1D7B41BF37159338E9" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="31F0E45C6AFAD3FD298A9535C88A8503" authority="Thomas 1915" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mayori" subGenus="Coelomys">
<emphasis id="3E26DB2EE7E3184E72215C9206C98369" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Coelomys) mayori</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A3C94A853C35CBA96A056B4384569703" author="Thomas, O." refId="ref353986" refString="Thomas, O. 1915. List of mammals (exclusive of Ungulata) collected on the Upper Congo by Dr. Christy for the Congo Museum, Tervueren. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, 16: 465 - 481." year="1915">Thomas 1915</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1C790426D10D495A16802CC723B97EAE" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="55AFA14BB546CD56444C83F9D11730C8" authority="Smith 1834" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1834" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minutoides" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="83191AB5F718C7A8307F841DD82CB9FE" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys) minutoides</emphasis>
Smith 1834
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A97F5FB63B33CB2B2DF46DB7A9D4C0A9" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="089092046E398351E2772B446C119580" authority="Temminck 1853" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1853" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="musculoides" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="E29490B79EC79A861F3F51CCD2BDB64E" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys) musculoides</emphasis>
Temminck 1853
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4107A48FBAA09B09E3C7547D9E3BBC4D" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="DB079AA7A8F1E036FC587A10F1870673" authority="Linnaeus 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="musculus" subGenus="Mus">
<emphasis id="F90C86F9E0885D1E79F0FE3444CAD98B" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Mus) musculus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F918654AE6973B8AACCD60F4B107EE0A" author="Linnaeus, C." refId="ref213949" refString="Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classis, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tenth ed. Vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp." year="1758">Linnaeus 1758</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D3F277A785684F3176F82734DE65DA4" pageNumber="1386">
Subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="31264179DCF75A58FDF912C0AE53F858" authority="Linnaeus 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="musculus" subGenus="Mus" subSpecies="musculus">
<emphasis id="BE49D3B49A2DF4C706B9F2FF470CD7F4" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Mus) musculus</emphasis>
subsp. 
<emphasis id="0C4292C7ACFBAA0E63E04157B89EB198" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">musculus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="70DDE633504EA2C7FF62902858E31595" author="Linnaeus, C." refId="ref213949" refString="Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classis, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tenth ed. Vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp." year="1758">Linnaeus 1758</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="27D04E75338BC9F7FE13F696C57EA916" pageNumber="1386">
Subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="0675698351406646C7F49F50EEEAECC6" authority="Blyth 1846" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1846" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="musculus" subGenus="Mus" subSpecies="bactrianus">
<emphasis id="715ACCDDB5AE81B5DDFBACA8046C732E" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Mus) musculus</emphasis>
subsp. 
<emphasis id="E409FFA786142343CA3214ECA32B2B2F" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">bactrianus</emphasis>
Blyth 1846
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1D92D27071EBDAD22E2542FC6A68E1C8" pageNumber="1386">
Subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="BFD4EB5EA38465A9BBC8D99A2A6EDA8C" authority="Waterhouse 1843" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1843" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="musculus" subGenus="Mus" subSpecies="castaneus">
<emphasis id="2B5E69EC325F7A59BD87A48AE040E886" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Mus) musculus</emphasis>
subsp. 
<emphasis id="4DADD32A2CC0DD870A5D31A73CB92624" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">castaneus</emphasis>
Waterhouse 1843
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7E437E0EA58B3344A9F2D38BC4EF421A" pageNumber="1386">
Subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="BD7409F52948C18254EB361E3F83B334" authority="Schwarz and Schwarz 1943" authorityName="Schwarz and Schwarz" authorityYear="1943" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="musculus" subGenus="Mus" subSpecies="domesticus">
<emphasis id="56FE37561DCADE41B82B23BB0FBFECA0" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Mus) musculus</emphasis>
subsp. 
<emphasis id="8BD7F36E979B206AF2EA4E0A3AB12C80" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">domesticus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E45DC63D319934CE39669306E4DCF5BB" author="Schwarz, E. &amp; H. K. Schwarz" refId="ref322124" refString="Schwarz, E., and H. K. Schwarz. 1943. The wild and commensal stocks of the house mouse, Mus musculus Linneaus. Journal of Mammalogy, 24: 59 - 72." year="1943">Schwarz and Schwarz 1943</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="756D83B365B3EE89258AC9D17185A03E" pageNumber="1386">
Subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="CF400C0D72523BC6040FDEBDA2A99764" authority="Thomas 1919" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1919" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="musculus" subGenus="Mus" subSpecies="gentilulus">
<emphasis id="BCB62D29AA5B30D35C16752486087D23" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Mus) musculus</emphasis>
subsp. 
<emphasis id="5E9CC2CBF656E2F8FAA08AAE671CC0DB" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">gentilulus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="47139EC1AB4AC4BAE076A89C143DE5D2" author="Thomas, O." refId="ref354472" refString="Thomas, O. 1919. On small mammals from &quot; Otro Cerro &quot; north-eastern Rioja, collected by Sr. E. Budin. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 9, 3: 489 - 500." year="1919">Thomas 1919</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72B2246DBC7D61503233E89166866DD4" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="E644B6C7C64749927E42123DD41B24E4" authority="Thomas 1910" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neavei" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="73A2E46F298485C79EC5C7842E64FAD1" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys) neavei</emphasis>
Thomas 1910
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7C92D87D0E172D77F8BBCB8F2127E1B9" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="5DE7008C11BC746875E10CA171790A66" authority="Roberts 1926" authorityName="Roberts" authorityYear="1926" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orangiae" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="318FFFBB55334A4214D0CF038E8E989B" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys) orangiae</emphasis>
Roberts 1926
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A357C9A1BEDC52A1A9F5DC7B6F8B58A0" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="0005170058FB5641BF915399BDBBB677" authority="F. Petter and Genest 1970" authorityName="F. Petter and Genest" authorityYear="1970" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oubanguii" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="5B83193235509E4A8194B0BD265877A0" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys) oubanguii</emphasis>
F. 
<bibRefCitation id="E96F198DA92C8877D5C2ED6DCE3F7478" author="Petter, F. &amp; H. Genest" refId="ref284552" refString="Petter, F., and H. Genest. 1970. Liste preliminaire des rongeurs myomorphes de Republique Centrafricaine. Description de deux souris nouvelles: Mus oubanguii et Mus goundae. Mammalia, 34: 451 - 458." year="1970">Petter and Genest 1970</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D153300FDBA5222CEF3DE509D175719" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="7741BDEE712FC15839ADA196882F881C" authority="Thomas 1916" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1916" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pahari" subGenus="Coelomys">
<emphasis id="32525B3901D65ED6EF854DA7068DB5B2" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Coelomys) pahari</emphasis>
Thomas 1916
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63B76CF10262E0EE8DEB0386914442A7" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="3B1B205E72DC09FF68DAB14FF1886114" authority="Wroughton 1912" authorityName="Wroughton" authorityYear="1912" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phillipsi" subGenus="Pyromys">
<emphasis id="9F990A3717045EF0BAC5E858D2BF0924" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Pyromys) phillipsi</emphasis>
Wroughton 1912
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7765132370DBA1E400B0415C1C85558B" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="21A2682A12B535E1A0BBDABDAC3FDAB3" authority="Bennett 1832" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1832" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platythrix" subGenus="Pyromys">
<emphasis id="A896FA497C512EAE3855C9AB0A448AC6" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Pyromys) platythrix</emphasis>
Bennett 1832
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4BF8FB59A5F795B19BA99E43C6ABEAB9" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="AAD0D3D0D040097DBBE8C9DEFBC1A7D4" authority="Elliot 1839" authorityName="Elliot" authorityYear="1839" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saxicola" subGenus="Pyromys">
<emphasis id="4D3F7779812A8CE4BF392DC169DD8A65" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Pyromys) saxicola</emphasis>
Elliot 1839
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C0A4C191CC5804DF82E0FF2183E5F066" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="C9E08D67B3E789D0DAAC96BCE439DF68" authority="Peters 1876" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="setulosus" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="206C34D9A898638FA6C444763C878FB4" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys) setulosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5DC1DDF4DED4CBB93A1F96A7E6A5B558" author="Peters, W. C. H." refId="ref282280" refString="Peters, W. C. H. 1876. Uber die Pelzrobbe von der Inseln St. Paul und Amsterdam. Monatsberichte der Koniglich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1876: 315 - 316." year="1876">Peters 1876</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F17E79A9A3F585C25F1C364D2396C0C1" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="693C38D428568D5B5C2E2D94B2E7047B" authority="F. Petter 1978" authorityName="F. Petter" authorityYear="1978" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="setzeri" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="6609F214375FDC35116F9FDEF065EAB0" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys) setzeri</emphasis>
F. 
<bibRefCitation id="8AF793F751B008EAFB39F1C7D4707483" author="Petter, F." refId="ref284232" refString="Petter, F. 1978. Epidemiologie de la leishmaniose en Guyane francaise en relation avec l'existance d'une espece nouvelle de rongeurs echimyides, Proechimys cuvieri, sp. n. Compte Rendu Hebdomadaire des seances de l'Academie de Sciences, Paris, ser. D, 287: 261 - 264." year="1978">Petter 1978</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA8D59C7086CD54AD1274E7752B9C9B9" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="25BE0ABC5543651349FD451C455AA1D3" authority="Thomas 1914" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1914" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shortridgei" subGenus="Pyromys">
<emphasis id="5CA41A2CEA32FEB977DCF2505ABE2FF2" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Pyromys) shortridgei</emphasis>
Thomas 1914
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6470EC1A7C7386EA05A33AEDA9944DEF" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="C6743CD044137AE7BA31182D3C003883" authority="Thomas 1909" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sorella" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="87D6A989A4096A62DBF07D08C482AE73" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys) sorella</emphasis>
Thomas 1909
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3AEE89BC5343152128183DE672D02230" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="C61BDF6100E500DC408FB76992CC11FB" authority="Petényi 1882" authorityName="Petényi" authorityYear="1882" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spicilegus" subGenus="Mus">
<emphasis id="594E2CA146B90E10582A07871ED055B2" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Mus) spicilegus</emphasis>
Petényi 1882
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1DDE8BC77AD7995F881C74C6A8589C14" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="DBFA5B65DCFD70F6636D0EA1F1083F87" authority="Lataste 1883" authorityName="Lataste" authorityYear="1883" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spretus" subGenus="Mus">
<emphasis id="7686A3C2625651DD639BA7179D68A459" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Mus) spretus</emphasis>
Lataste 1883
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C543C2E56C46673C2FC51183088AEFA9" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="D1E27359F1A2AB692D34A8FB5F7CB244" authority="Thomas 1903" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1903" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenellus" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="11638BCFFA11E9B39F22052B6B1510B1" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys) tenellus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="98E8D2071D85AB8E60E799B377D61075" author="Thomas, O." refId="ref352582" refString="Thomas, O. 1903. Notes on Neotropical mammals of the genera Felis, Hapale, Oryzomys, Akodon, and Ctenomys, with descriptions of new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 7, 12: 234 - 243." year="1903">Thomas 1903</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="719060F361A8F4476EC1D7A02497FB32" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="1D6E34AB04D6F5CC5FC7D632FA7DDFF1" authority="Blyth 1851" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1851" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="terricolor" subGenus="Mus">
<emphasis id="5A5236FF477B857D54DC32863A66ED96" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Mus) terricolor</emphasis>
Blyth 1851
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1970937EA336DAE979BC7A63DF23F97C" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="A2C6168CFB8BFB4F83391273A3A2DA2F" authority="Thomas 1909" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triton" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="FA9003ED2773C90EFEE26C541B4D17BC" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Nannomys) triton</emphasis>
Thomas 1909
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D677992287AA641CB1FE7940007AC43C" pageNumber="1386">
Species 
<taxonomicName id="BF8D76691733331B057A799EAD18170C" authority="Robinson and Kloss 1919" authorityName="Robinson and Kloss" authorityYear="1919" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulcani" subGenus="Coelomys">
<emphasis id="C5C8DC85B63562E52EC387A73C7DB864" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus (Coelomys) vulcani</emphasis>
Robinson and Kloss 1919
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5AA91F31A605D8ED75620E9A4BFE397A" pageNumber="1386" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="2EF0710EE9FEEB0B76B427AC7F9AA657" pageNumber="1386">
<emphasis id="6A22B998922BBE5A0B5DFF05159623EA" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1386">Discussion:</emphasis>
<paragraph id="98BE300AB138EA117B17B454E08AF810" pageNumber="1386">
<taxonomicName id="36573990B3675DC8347E50D539CACBC4" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75DC5DB7EF56B8E3965F5B76C6392159" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Division. Extant species of 
<taxonomicName id="E1A758765CB531AD67907D9071447242" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D66EB32F4796AAE64EFEDCF0E57C4BB8" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are contained in subgenera 
<taxonomicName id="03864EA16A73B3E92217413FCD0850DC" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Coelomys">
<emphasis id="8177EE138870C102BDB8A8D6A3FB009F" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Coelomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="9BA894B0752208907AD1C6867842EEEE" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="18C8A0DEE24A80221FE435DC7AAC6A79" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="BC0FA94935C92747CBE08A9F2D001396" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="561A68E2892767943BEBF5A0766B648B" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Nannomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="517259CE8DC8518843B98DE8F9AFBFC6" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pyromys">
<emphasis id="C889C25230E3CB66C7C3BE790823D9A2" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Pyromys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, each diagnosed by a suite of discrete morphological traits (see J. 
<collectionCode id="2E9C794E1F890022FEF5B2D9D100195A" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics">T</collectionCode>
. Marshall, Jr., 1977 
<emphasis id="EED9F51AF598A0A5E0F2AA51EE45A51A" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">b</emphasis>
, 1986, for diagnoses of 
<taxonomicName id="74D8BB203DBA276062FC56A2A415A506" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Coelomys">
<emphasis id="030348C81411CECA61BD1155B79F4327" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Coelomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="E243987F1C752DEE234CA8588F277F57" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0BE188EDB06A06C3E37C968A9DC69E73" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="FCD837F897BAE11F98A66450D059FA27" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pyromys">
<emphasis id="D213E694CB4AF5598A3D33893B983269" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Pyromys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; morphological characters distinguishing each subgenus are listed by 
<bibRefCitation id="4A532CF3E2B1F4E01DC1A9A2B31A051F" author="Chevret, P. &amp; P. Jenkins &amp; F. Catzeflis" refId="ref60418" refString="Chevret, P., P. Jenkins, and F. Catzeflis. 2003. Evolutionary systematics of the Indian mouse Mus famulus Bonhote, 1898: Molecular (DNA / DNA hybridization and 12 S rRNA sequences) and morphological evidence. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 137: 385 - 401." year="2003">Chevret et al., 2003</bibRefCitation>
), morphometric features (Macholán, 2001), and biochemical characteristics (Bonhomme, 1986; 
<bibRefCitation id="08DA2CF817D71895DA81B53DC7F0639A" author="She, J. X. &amp; F. Bonhomme &amp; P. Boursot &amp; L. Thaler &amp; F. Catzeflis" refId="ref324944" refString="She, J. X., F. Bonhomme, P. Boursot, L. Thaler, and F. Catzeflis. 1990. Molecular phylogenies in the genus Mus: Comparative analysis of electrophoretic, scnDNA hybridization, and mtDNA RFLP data. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 41: 83 - 103." year="1990">She et al., 1990</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="B01577067EE4BF8416C55064149F8B22" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="25646EC27043E3EA4A36CFEEF2A68AC7" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Nannomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="0C4D8ACA51B2F361BA3A76B543530DE5" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pyromys">
<emphasis id="784BA1311A577FAE33A3384DA86DE25D" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Pyromys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="E2A82279D6A7BC7800BECA662330C016" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Coelomys">
<emphasis id="374F2D9745A78D09761937A7E2BB43FC" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Coelomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
alternatively have been treated as genera (Bonhomme, 1986; 
<bibRefCitation id="5F839E1C4AE5AD0CEFC7F4ED21788B49" author="She, J. X. &amp; F. Bonhomme &amp; P. Boursot &amp; L. Thaler &amp; F. Catzeflis" refId="ref324944" refString="She, J. X., F. Bonhomme, P. Boursot, L. Thaler, and F. Catzeflis. 1990. Molecular phylogenies in the genus Mus: Comparative analysis of electrophoretic, scnDNA hybridization, and mtDNA RFLP data. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 41: 83 - 103." year="1990">She et al., 1990</bibRefCitation>
). The DNA-DNA hybridization and morphological study by 
<bibRefCitation id="E0A88D3F3777F758064B643871167AA0" author="Catzeflis, F. M. &amp; C. Denys" refId="ref55027" refString="Catzeflis, F. M., and C. Denys. 1992. The African Nannomys (Muridae): An early offshoot from the Mus lineage-evidence from scnDNA hybridization experiments and compared morphology. Israel Journal of Zoology, 38: 219 - 231." year="1992">Catzeflis and Denys (1992)</bibRefCitation>
using selected species of subgenera 
<taxonomicName id="2A603CA6AFAB29552D5878A6BD79591F" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="6A6B814327C4C19A386F2DBD30B21A05" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Nannomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="BB00879342BE9F1FCFB719BA3938AD2D" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pyromys">
<emphasis id="1EBC99DD9239DD0E16B8BBAE3C338A2A" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Pyromys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B7ED6E4F78DA758F3F30F82F907A96EA" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Coelomys">
<emphasis id="CF14858A15305DE113F707D4D5A95434" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Coelomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="E32F20C66A62B3622784D0224A6D9FEE" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="823313CB925EDC941192A8B8CA832BF5" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
indicated the two African species sampled are more closely allied to 
<taxonomicName id="69EAAC39A6492EF4C820AED709E014CA" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9DCD7DCF92862D0E6A987E9A5CD5AFB3" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than to other African and European non 
<taxonomicName id="97E948FE42DE14EDCCAB15DB5B1EDE0B" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7DA1381DDA48E31D256CA1E4C0E92DB4" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
genera sampled, and at least as close to subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="82674EE27D3BB9959C749001F444B6EC" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B639B2BCED16BC594A7114861BB964B2" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the subgenera 
<taxonomicName id="56E7CD132E37809B3E35652F4AC3DF1C" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Coelomys">
<emphasis id="8B20884D6765BEDF52AC13141B9F4C6C" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Coelomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="53B06A88B13D5678E7952847CE51E271" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pyromys">
<emphasis id="88A57FB25B99919D4DA1BA166AB5BC8D" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Pyromys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="D31B9ED537D97DFF3AE4D832C7D8A726" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="617DCF3F272BB02C51B832FDE8AB79A3" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Nannomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot;appears to be an offshoot of the Asian mice radiation, and this split could have occurred without important morphological changes at the beginning of the Pliocene&quot; (p. 228). Their study reinforced the inclusion of the suite of endemic African species in 
<taxonomicName id="37C3161777E519B200591ED2618491F2" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="28CC438C880EA16D0709C396D010C8E8" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Results of phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial 12S rDNA gene sequences, which focused on the relationships of Sumatran 
<taxonomicName id="95CAC6E8163673294A1D40DC048FDD68" authorityName="Robinson and Kloss" authorityYear="1916" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crociduroides">
<emphasis id="C17F476114514568A059E9F0A9572D04" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus crociduroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, also demonstrated the monophyly of 
<taxonomicName id="8E0675A69DB6DFAD068B4DC6705551E6" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3E34D599885A42C629226213418571F" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
compared with other murine genera (
<bibRefCitation id="7C4F46857B1A70E6A1998794CA9EF6C8" author="Sourrouille, P. &amp; C. Hanni &amp; M. Ruedi &amp; F. M. Catzeflis" refId="ref335919" refString="Sourrouille, P., C. Hanni, M. Ruedi, and F. M. Catzeflis. 1995. Molecular systematics of Mus crociduroides, an endemic mouse of Sumatra (Muridae: Rodentia). Mammalia, 59 (1): 91 - 102." year="1995">Sourrouille et al., 1995</bibRefCitation>
), as did albumin immunology (
<bibRefCitation id="1C4ED50B99FE21B92DD82E28BAA29AE0" author="Watts, C. H. S. &amp; P. R. Baverstock" refId="ref384505" refString="Watts, C. H. S., and P. R. Baverstock. 1995 b. Evolution in the Murinae (Rodentia) assessed by microcomplement fixation of albumin. Australian Journal of Zoology. 43: 105 - 118." year="1995">
Watts and Baverstock, 1995 
<emphasis id="6AF9C7394B676495EF23324D3D49A8D9" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">b</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
), and analyses of sequences from six genes &quot;representing paternally, maternally, and biparentally inherited regions of the genome&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="F3BFD70BF8FC0F76054BCB5127E0988E" author="Lundrigan, B. L. &amp; S. A. Jansa &amp; P. K. Tucker" refId="ref217846" refString="Lundrigan, B. L., S. A. Jansa, and P. K. Tucker. 2002. Phylogenetic relationships in the genus Mus, based on paternally, maternally, and biparentally inherited characters. Systematic Biology, 5 (3): 410 - 431." year="2002">Lundrigan et al., 2002:410</bibRefCitation>
). Recent analyses of combined morphological traits, DNA/DNA hybridization, and mitochondrial 12S rRNA sequences indicate subgenera 
<taxonomicName id="7D25C1038B1AE1EEBE4350EA5646179B" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B2ECAA0937CA374DE1F330D5AF76DD08" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B01E04AEC51076A819C651639ED0ED56" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="B29E7975B7D20F71F7E2C7B008418E55" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Nannomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="2DACABC392E8B8954C098E63EA82860B" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pyromys">
<emphasis id="2249F80F5EF0F795DF043733C4985C09" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Pyromys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="D081073EB72360622CC8DD496261E677" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Coelomys">
<emphasis id="7191E5603A2FAF2D060939D5437C5EB7" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Coelomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
represent four distinctive monophyletic groups (
<bibRefCitation id="4FA5F4E26C130EB30679F2EB2F089520" author="Chevret, P. &amp; P. Jenkins &amp; F. Catzeflis" refId="ref60418" refString="Chevret, P., P. Jenkins, and F. Catzeflis. 2003. Evolutionary systematics of the Indian mouse Mus famulus Bonhote, 1898: Molecular (DNA / DNA hybridization and 12 S rRNA sequences) and morphological evidence. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 137: 385 - 401." year="2003">Chevret et al., 2003</bibRefCitation>
; also see review by Guénet and Bonhomme, 2003). Results of Lundrigan et al.’s (2002) analyses also recognized the same four clades, but at the same time indicated all four to be in a larger monophyletic cluster relative to 
<taxonomicName id="D790744E55A065DCC7B5C8DC223DCE8A" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1926" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Hylomyscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8794A5F5E0CA017E3C8AE1BF15487784" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Hylomyscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="8F54C2DD4D23F2B88B9AF8221C977B5B" baseAuthorityName="Van der Straeten and Robbins" baseAuthorityYear="1997" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mastomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="47C84CD06917F4B3BA23B829ABBDC63F" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mastomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="173BB2921B1A23172773D88547F4E072" baseAuthorityName="Ellerman" baseAuthorityYear="1961" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rattus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9EBF40E6F83E84A62E9119CEE5643B94" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Rattus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which were used to root the phylogenies. Lindrigan et al. (2002:424) noted that a denser sampling of 
<taxonomicName id="371DCFC457E5D5E7E6811863BE6D6E9A">
<emphasis id="6A22A4914D489A81D14D2B12FCF0CDF6" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
and murine genera are needed to rigorously test the monophyly of 
<taxonomicName id="19F3BABF3DB88326EF346CCCB6C2F896" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E76FB82D5A8057530344C585FBB95122" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, &quot;... But for now there is no phylogenetic justification for excluding 
<taxonomicName id="B413BE3A634B37C0F6FDCCDAD2787DD7" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pyromys">
<emphasis id="7551AC35BA31951DF9B36FEFEC7F514A" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Pyromys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="06599756D315310E4441331132D9CDFF" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Coelomys">
<emphasis id="5BA5BAA28E35B714154AC912B2049C4B" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Coelomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, or 
<taxonomicName id="761DF3DDB61D396534A45E271F6CA77B" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="FE7CEA6123E77F12FD0CCCC3933E5481" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Nannomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the genus 
<taxonomicName id="3B903E75103CA203959C04F6CE0E4917" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="58A693168870A36650A602144516821B" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.&quot; Relevance of metrical, chromosomal, and allozymic variation to systematics of 
<taxonomicName id="A49C3E0D63125B56316D076625ED70D7" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DAAB929013744D8DCA1FF09F780818FD" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, particulary the impulse to elevate subgenera to genera, was discussed by Corbet (1990). Enamel microstructure of incisors and molars in 
<taxonomicName id="F526BAB6F88AC4B912201CD1DEFC2D7D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D32728A4D09F7F7CF322323EB61A529A" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its significance documented by 
<bibRefCitation id="DEC8EC92FAC4B949C02D1AB30E6B9773" author="Patnaik, R." refId="ref274096" refString="Patnaik, R. 2002. Enamel microstructure of some fossil and extant murid rodents of India. Paleontological Research, 6 (3): 239 - 258." year="2002">Patnaik (2002)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="55F799429A979A87264C15B5ABF20C52" pageNumber="1386">
Reviews of variable depth and content are available for Asian (J. 
<collectionCode id="1D32C75187D3ABCA26436EE893CEB55F" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics">T</collectionCode>
. Marshall, Jr., 1977 
<emphasis id="2FBA0806AC52E81271320E22CE059432" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">b</emphasis>
) and European species (J. 
<collectionCode id="64BD483B572AB0E56AAF639537444FFB" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics">T</collectionCode>
. Marshall, Jr., 1981, 1986, 1998; J. 
<collectionCode id="ABA935DB873F9DD1EB53175CD9E5CDB4" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics">T</collectionCode>
. Marshall, Jr. and Sage, 1981; 
<bibRefCitation id="571DEEC085E529ABECCE023DA5516C56" author="Bonhomme, F. &amp; J. Catalan &amp; J. Britton-Davidian &amp; V. M. Chapman &amp; K. Moriwaki &amp; E. Nevo &amp; L. Thaler" refId="ref35693" refString="Bonhomme, F., J. Catalan, J. Britton-Davidian, V. M. Chapman, K. Moriwaki, E. Nevo, and L. Thaler. 1984. Biochemical diversity and evolution in the genus Mus. Biochemical Genetics, 22: 275 - 303." year="1984">Bonhomme et al., 1984</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="174DFD3E0CCF6066F2B10A5A00EF4039" author="Gerasimov, S. &amp; H. Nikolov &amp; V. Mihailova &amp; J. - C. Auffray &amp; F. Bonhomme" refId="ref119568" refString="Gerasimov, S., H. Nikolov, V. Mihailova, J. - C. Auffray, and F. Bonhomme. 1990. Morphometric stepwise discriminant analysis of the five genetically determined European taxa of the genus Mus. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 41: 47 - 64." year="1990">Gerasimov et al., 1990</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="E33216A66A15E65C635C53EAEF4A6E38" author="She, J. X. &amp; F. Bonhomme &amp; P. Boursot &amp; L. Thaler &amp; F. Catzeflis" refId="ref324944" refString="She, J. X., F. Bonhomme, P. Boursot, L. Thaler, and F. Catzeflis. 1990. Molecular phylogenies in the genus Mus: Comparative analysis of electrophoretic, scnDNA hybridization, and mtDNA RFLP data. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 41: 83 - 103." year="1990">She et al., 1990</bibRefCitation>
), and &quot;wild mice&quot; as a popular mammalian model (Guénet and Bonhomme, 2003). Appraisal of fossil evidence and morphological traits for European species summarized by 
<bibRefCitation id="22533D9982115363FFEDB5659680ADF2" author="Thaler, L." refId="ref350767" refString="Thaler, L. 1986. Origin and evolution of mice: An appraisal of fossil evidence and morphological traits. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 127: 3 - 11." year="1986">Thaler (1986)</bibRefCitation>
. A key to European house mice (
<taxonomicName id="A3F1AD4751C08D8668FEAC7A3F055B69" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="musculus">
<emphasis id="D3797BA367D9118810151A29A92EEF37" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. musculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="CA7B40E86D4AB95C29EAA26F30193D1C" authorityName="Lataste" authorityYear="1883" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spretus">
<emphasis id="588A9AD113ECEA58A868E53F14232D64" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. spretus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="E880864F223A05091C1C30E6C0696504" authorityName="Petrov and Ruzic" authorityYear="1983" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macedonicus">
<emphasis id="8F047FAB5C17CBF21BB0A48DE58DD146" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. macedonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="BF987F5167741616B6EE9106E3B46EB6" authorityName="Petényi" authorityYear="1882" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spicilegus">
<emphasis id="E94DF1AD713508F0C85E9837C8CBA9D1" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. spicilegus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) based mostly on cranial and dental traits provided by Macholán (1996 
<emphasis id="799D71AAC260A9F55299A919499FBE8E" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">a</emphasis>
), along with summaries of diagnostic characters, habitats, and geographic ranges. Morphometric analysis of 12 population samples representing those four species were also documented by Macholán (1996 
<emphasis id="8A84C67E68D2BBFD9B33D23C353A179D" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">b</emphasis>
), and he provided results of multivariate analysis of morphometric variation in Asian species of subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="2664876DC7ECA17F429F427B9ADE299D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="69BD244B8B41F5015F2BE490FD853BFE" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and two species of 
<taxonomicName id="4803B21FA47479DBE2D1D859938133CC" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="D4F99B802FA1594D1680BAB6E18B3A1E" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Nannomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and contrasted it with the phylogenies reconstructed from allozymic analyses (Macholán, 2001). Most African species require careful systematic review (see accounts of species in subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="78130AF2E3732ED46BC2CD7D8AA5A850" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="1850380B2C72D8DA0D3921E03C5BEFA3" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Nannomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Ansell (in 
<bibRefCitation id="17B2D59D07FEDE4F9D1E75B49D46DAAA" author="Meester, J. A. J. &amp; I. L. Rautenbach &amp; N. J. Dippenaar &amp; C. M. Baker" refId="ref236076" refString="Meester, J. A. J., I. L. Rautenbach, N. J. Dippenaar, and C. M. Baker. 1986. Classification of southern African mammals. Transvaal Museum Monograph, 5: 1 - 359." year="1986">Meester et al., 1986:280</bibRefCitation>
) believed the African segment of the genus to be &quot;over-split,&quot; but our study of specimens suggests a current underestimate of actual species-diversity.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56881C5A2CF4918F5DD8941881DB0EE6" pageNumber="1386">
Reconstructing evolutionary relationships among species is a prime research goal of 
<taxonomicName id="16AE2138950FFDAF29DB78657AC45062" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A37BEF2705E7803C68B05F701F4B11B4" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
systematists and they are using phylogenetic analyses of an increasing variety of molecular data (sequences from a range of mitochondrial and nuclear genes) along with sophisticated chromosomal information to test the current phylogenetic picture based upon morphological traits. Much of the molecular data is concordant with morphology in supporting current estimate of species affinities, but not all. 
<bibRefCitation id="628862B43072008E5D894210878C87AD" author="Nishioka, Y. &amp; B. M. Dolan &amp; L. Zahed" refId="ref261760" refString="Nishioka, Y., B. M. Dolan, and L. Zahed. 1993. Molecular characterization of a mouse Y chromosomal repetitive sequence amplified in distantly related species in the genus Mus. Genome, 36: 588 - 593." year="1993">Nishioka et al. (1993)</bibRefCitation>
surveyed a repetitive Y chomosomal sequence (1.1 kb long and designated 142.4) among species of 
<taxonomicName id="3AD298967179959DA717C633E405C2D9" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="91222623EAB8EFA69FC6FCE9AB89E21B" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in subgenera 
<taxonomicName id="3AA11D8ABD9BB7B1E3BB82AF745220DC" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="902C12FA6D43E211033929229141837E" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="768AD9E5F799BDF23BEF2600FB00A93D" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pyromys">
<emphasis id="0D1E1B59947C07037659C805A3A26F28" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Pyromys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B99B293B33BEBA6A0EF78CB561329D2E" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Coelomys">
<emphasis id="83622FCFC0B78C3E29E4BC12DC48A916" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Coelomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="927C72DE07775CF72B6141A7C356EB01" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Nannomys">
<emphasis id="D7C668D1865A3E23B424A10AD76BCABC" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Nannomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and found a restriction fragment length polymorphism that was different in 
<emphasis id="2C46AC2A2236F90413CDC8FC818762EA" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">
M. 
<taxonomicName id="8131C319CA492290B374544853A20EED" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="musculus">m. musculus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="0730609AACC76213C6D8F207D0111328" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">
M. m. 
<taxonomicName id="5258BE50B3DE20BD6F57F8FBD24F8F3C" authorityName="Schwarz and Schwarz" authorityYear="1943" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rattus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="domesticus">domesticus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
. Among the other species sampled, however, the accumulation patterns of this repetitive sequence did not correlate with the phylogenetic relationships of species as determined by morphological and other molecular traits, and Nishioka et al. concluded that the 142.4 related sequences are evolutionarily unstable.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="17FA8082BC1E3BF152D2EA5E4CE3C421" pageNumber="1386">
Phylogenetic relationships of 
<taxonomicName id="2B53191016CE2FE6F570E1FCF700B6F1" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1C51CFCBB64470101848BF4DB27D2401" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are unclear. Study of molar traits led 
<bibRefCitation id="B7B6742BE26184EC1D2803F7889376F7" author="Misonne, X." refId="ref243286" refString="Misonne, X. 1969. African and Indo-Australian Muridae: Evolutionary trends. Annales Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Serie IN- 8, Sciences Zoologiques, 172: 1 - 219." year="1969">Misonne (1969)</bibRefCitation>
to place the genus in his 
<taxonomicName id="3D12FB5DB0B8C9B32F12BD21E7B4B16A" baseAuthorityName="Ellerman" baseAuthorityYear="1961" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rattus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="683B9470B03A13690F43234FD54462CE" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Rattus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Division, and to suggest an affinity with the deomyines 
<taxonomicName id="00FE6804D0A25E0E2F76F266F10B344C" baseAuthorityName="Denys" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Acomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5C5FF45557FC4238170A6E839C4ECA27" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Acomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="03B6AB0C25F923C8ADF54564FE15E487" baseAuthorityName="Montgelard" baseAuthorityYear="1992" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Uranomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A5BB0657122AABC3D79BFC03DA805EFC" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Uranomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This grouping is uncorroborated when tested with molecular data, which isolates the latter two genera as a separate group not closely related to any murines (see account of 
<taxonomicName id="58A66AD94C9DAF4F5A924A01C74FA55E" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1888" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Deomyinae">Deomyinae</taxonomicName>
). Cladistic analyses of complete mtDNA cytochrome 
<emphasis id="7A6DB7BC26350C54CF8AADE86EF23513" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">b</emphasis>
sequences (
<bibRefCitation id="2C0366333A0D0E209544139031FDD083" author="Martin, Y. &amp; G. Gerlach &amp; C. Schlotterer &amp; A. Meyer" refId="ref227687" refString="Martin, Y., G. Gerlach, C. Schlotterer, and A. Meyer. 2000. Molecular phylogenyof European muroid rodents based on complete cytochrome b sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 16 (1): 37 - 47." year="2000">Martin et al., 2000</bibRefCitation>
) and sequences from nuclear 
<collectionCode id="5084926952D8DE88C2B36B14D2356DEE">IRBP</collectionCode>
gene and the cytochrome 
<emphasis id="2745E2738E32A0F80D3B110C31EA7D86" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">b</emphasis>
and 12S rRNA mitochondrial markers (
<bibRefCitation id="9773B1427B783F21B441C1F01585A9E3" author="Michaux, J. &amp; P. Chevret &amp; M. - G. Filippucci &amp; M. Macholan" refId="ref240901" refString="Michaux, J., P. Chevret, M. - G. Filippucci, and M. Macholan. 2002 a. Phylogeny of the genus Apodemus with a special emphasis on the subgenus Sylvaemus using the nuclear IRBP gene and two mitochondrial markers: Cytochrome b and 12 S rRNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 23: 123 - 136." year="2002">
Michaux et al., 2002 
<emphasis id="2A5353C6C1B7D5AA3EA9F0C7D9E8A27D" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">a</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
) indicate a tighter link between 
<taxonomicName id="41F2824C7CF37A701175129A07BE2451" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6A30E6B9D690BE7372A2A443284F3CE" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="5D0DC158425E754602D3197F2549E5B4" baseAuthorityName="Tvrtkovic and Dzukic" baseAuthorityYear="1977" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75D5C6255B0D5CF1C6E03622B525815A" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Apodemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its relatives than between 
<taxonomicName id="9D87F9B85211E0EC97EF37754D777FC4" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DC4A6E506852A82BC3D72E7AD1D1C13C" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="C1D31C4B93965BD368C42D10A40F63F6" baseAuthorityName="Ellerman" baseAuthorityYear="1961" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rattus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="ED0FB810CCA8135270E40E92FC98892A" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Rattus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, results corroborated by other molecular studies (see references in 
<bibRefCitation id="9252B159E4523491E0F55E1CA57D06EB" author="Michaux, J. &amp; P. Chevret &amp; M. - G. Filippucci &amp; M. Macholan" refId="ref240901" refString="Michaux, J., P. Chevret, M. - G. Filippucci, and M. Macholan. 2002 a. Phylogeny of the genus Apodemus with a special emphasis on the subgenus Sylvaemus using the nuclear IRBP gene and two mitochondrial markers: Cytochrome b and 12 S rRNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 23: 123 - 136." year="2002">
Michaux et al., 2002 
<emphasis id="BAC6880BB8CF5F8902E288C2E256B39D" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">a</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
). Generic sampling is not dense in these analyses, and the suggested 
<emphasis id="0B28BECBCCF21B7AE0D01658FDDC829B" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus-Apodemus</emphasis>
alliance must be tested by wider taxon and geographic sampling. Albumin immunology, for example, pointed to 
<taxonomicName id="5009FC07FAEF5EA5DC456E8425CEEA8D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="22F02A499C84C7F15FEAD48624B27347" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as &quot;a distinct monogeneric clade arising from the central murine stem... At about the same time as 
<taxonomicName id="A141B57E9DA2BF113EDF8F4802FBAE2B" baseAuthorityName="Tvrtkovic and Dzukic" baseAuthorityYear="1977" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="68421A30F93479C928D358A28902BE7C" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Apodemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the African group [
<taxonomicName id="25B841CDAE5C4CD5C0F21030FF2F17D8" baseAuthorityName="Musser" baseAuthorityYear="1987" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhabdomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="69E0DBD89895610C2757E5441C633424" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Rhabdomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="7108E6E55BE2A5D84F8E368EBAFDCE34" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Grammomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="91B9561CBA70E28CE2615109358B780F" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Grammomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="7604CA53C21E43B356451A21E295B388" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="49AD186F8FCB9E6C5E307F06D92CE87E" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="FA14A6FD567D1207DCEE46DDDA8EFFF3" baseAuthorityName="Ellerman" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thallomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A19873E04516D35236E8803B0C799FA0" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Thallomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B01289667AF0926B209B26D6AA69CDFB" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Praomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="95E89FF8BC1D0B4175F75484261D12AF" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Praomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="9B1281812D38AFE7BB2AE7D692852119" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Hybomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EE628099349DE44DC10BC8E02893CA7E" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Hybomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="51886C1F1A67E92DA923B76DF18A072A" baseAuthorityName="Watts and Baverstock" baseAuthorityYear="1995" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Stochomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4CDE5D465C9F14ABE57C2008CF449298" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Stochomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="79BE5182B8A6662101E2FF80DB8CF6CD" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1926" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Hylomyscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6C0FBD8584047ED16F6009B11DBF453F" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Hylomyscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="6095599A6BB7E24E0224C4A20B6EF614" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Pelomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BEA2A93DF8D247A1EFC4EBF7EEFD0BF5" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Pelomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="DBED01FE22C213511D9066C5A5396622" baseAuthorityName="G. M. Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1939" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Aethomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9758BF44E43765E0D1AFA9BF3889855A" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Aethomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C24514A5505E577D27C4CC0496768982" authorityName="Trouessart" authorityYear="1881" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Lemniscomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2D3EF765A570F6421E9E01B73EAC282" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Lemniscomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="2163D9E797EE061B49F86C9C3FCCFC68" authorityName="F. Cuvier" authorityYear="1824" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Otomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="04442917B151BDC979B90BF5E6C97719" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Otomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
]&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="4CBC2A9E2769EB95658BA6C85E33FD93" author="Watts, C. H. S. &amp; P. R. Baverstock" refId="ref384505" refString="Watts, C. H. S., and P. R. Baverstock. 1995 b. Evolution in the Murinae (Rodentia) assessed by microcomplement fixation of albumin. Australian Journal of Zoology. 43: 105 - 118." year="1995">
Watts and Baverstock, 1995 
<emphasis id="3630F94F9E0C418D51022897508A08F2" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">b</emphasis>
:112
</bibRefCitation>
), which may be a more realistic estimate of evolutionary origin. A species resembling the M1 occlusal pattern of 
<taxonomicName id="0615235E0DB7B0116658CE5579595F1D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E8F8E90707CB7FE358821EC8DA7164D8" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comes from the same C European beds containing the oldest European murines (early Vallesian, 11.1-9.7 million years ago) and is regarded as related to 
<taxonomicName id="1766189B7153FCE7BE91BCE8F1956448" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="38E46473FD8604AC2110CB97057A9FBC" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; it, 
<taxonomicName id="7FC921CF5C6695612F35F42B5CB94DDA" baseAuthorityName="Tvrtkovic and Dzukic" baseAuthorityYear="1977" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3DCB1A0CBA8A8752411E7D1DB77D749E" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Apodemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="9F1DE7DAF9A7BA2715FD0010E8F3A4BF" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Progonomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E6A409D631F2DE7E5DEA82AE7754A0BF" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Progonomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and two other groups comprise the earliest European murine lineages (Freudenthal and Martín Suárez, 1999; 
<bibRefCitation id="09BF53FBBE1087F70A0D122788E0106C" author="Mein, P. &amp; E. Martin Suarez &amp; J. Agusti" refId="ref236607" refString="Mein, P., E. Martin Suarez, and J. Agusti. 1993. Progonomys Schaub, 1938 and Huerzelerimys gen. nov. (Rodentia); their evolution in Western Europe. Scripta Geologica, 103: 41 - 64." year="1993">Mein et al., 1993</bibRefCitation>
). The fate of the 
<taxonomicName id="C88C246F7AB7BA3B0504CDBCF1DCA0B7" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4B9EF11F2AD4A3E8FA04D5655E06F908" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
like form in Europe is unknown because true 
<taxonomicName id="DFABE8222D537A31B980C845FC0446E0" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81835A24915CF6B3AF35ECEB413BD4B1" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is absent from the later European Miocene and Pliocene sediments and appears only in the Pleistocene (
<bibRefCitation id="5756DB98A61E2875FB257449B6CC243E" author="Auffray, J. - C. &amp; F. Vanlerberghe &amp; J. Britton-Davidian" refId="ref15402" refString="Auffray, J. - C., F. Vanlerberghe, and J. Britton-Davidian. 1990 c. The house mouse progression in Eurasia: A palaeontological and archaeozoological approach. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 41: 13 - 25." year="1990">
Auffray et al., 1990 
<emphasis id="C17C5A434321601585E08BEB217B1287" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">c</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="34E92C73955B1D7C75A453DA69AEAEA2" author="Kowalski, K." refId="ref195964" refString="Kowalski, K. 2001. Pleistocene rodents of Europe. Folia Quaternaria, 72: 3 - 389." year="2001">Kowalski, 2001</bibRefCitation>
), but 
<bibRefCitation id="3A08376C2588E3D653DEAC4B3C96DCC3" author="Mein, P. &amp; E. Martin Suarez &amp; J. Agusti" refId="ref236607" refString="Mein, P., E. Martin Suarez, and J. Agusti. 1993. Progonomys Schaub, 1938 and Huerzelerimys gen. nov. (Rodentia); their evolution in Western Europe. Scripta Geologica, 103: 41 - 64." year="1993">Mein et al. (1993)</bibRefCitation>
noted the very close similarity between the Vallesian &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="7D13DC8A1704D7B0597BA17CE6F3BF74" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4893F4A44758DB48705AAE9FF4FC8F6E" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot; and Siwalik 
<taxonomicName id="686E093A85DF973EEF67883F2E003DCA" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Progonomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AA752A8515DD66EF8CF0CD557DFB5DF4" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Progonomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from which 
<bibRefCitation id="7791257CFE6039E98602F3B146D07A91" author="Jacobs, L. L." refId="ref170759" refString="Jacobs, L. L. 1978. Fossil rodents (Rhizomyidae &amp; Muridae) from Neogene Siwalik deposits, Pakistan. Museum of Northern Arizona Press, Bulletin Series, 52: 1 - 103." year="1978">Jacobs (1978)</bibRefCitation>
and others (
<bibRefCitation id="3D72A3F78D3803A7B2DCF9D660925405" author="Jacobs, L. L. &amp; W. R. Downs" refId="ref170824" refString="Jacobs, L. L., and W. R. Downs. 1994. The evolution of murine rodents in Asia. Pp. 149 - 156, in Rodent and lagomorph families of Asian origins and diversification (Y. Tomida, C. k. Li, and T. Setoguchi, eds.). National Science Museum Monographs, No. 8, Tokyo, 195 pp." year="1994">Jacobs and Downs, 1994</bibRefCitation>
) would derive the earliest 
<taxonomicName id="8CDF3B0FA999EBA8BBEB5925F9E4B96E" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="734BFD904A0E537CB58053E0F9E57011" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This phyletic ambiguity surrounding 
<taxonomicName id="309668B82D083660EC342ED32B2F9B7E" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DCC80BEBE103B7470FE1865C1CD8AD73" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
prompts us to isolate it in its own group. Most systematists have interpreted, as all the molecular work has reinforced, the phylogenetic relationship between 
<taxonomicName id="418AA64E387AB60C69EFD28767911E28" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0AA8F8E0ECA90E4EC68C0AB2FB31A1E5" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="8EF7CBC9E15C476F53ABA26A3FE91C1B" baseAuthorityName="Ellerman" baseAuthorityYear="1961" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rattus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BB48885977A410DECD2FF5B6393908B5" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Rattus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be distant, and perhaps instead of focusing interminably and tediously on the imaginary 
<emphasis id="99192E883030399A992789ED17227B2C" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus-Rattus</emphasis>
split (dredged up in most paleontological and molecular works focusing on murine systematics; see also 
<bibRefCitation id="27B8EF0B6C157641BAB89D5E676CA352" author="Adkins, R. M. &amp; A. H. Walton &amp; R. L. Honeycutt" refId="ref1406" refString="Adkins, R. M., A. H. Walton, and R. L. Honeycutt. 2003. High-level systematics of rodents and divergence time estimates based on two congruent nuclear genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 26 (3): 409 - 420." year="2003">Adkins et al., 2003</bibRefCitation>
), researchers can instead look for data signals identifying the closest allies of 
<taxonomicName id="85AD95BDEF511BEE054CFCDEA581F885" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="620AD86E524748A1020CCD32B5E4717E" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and time of its split from the ancestral murine stock.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA31DD2E33BF4EC112C2B9D93FB696B6" pageNumber="1386">
<taxonomicName id="0F635B430B5E23014003A2E618C501F4" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auctor">
<emphasis id="97555B4CC73C71006FC8170D75262990" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus auctor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from late Miocene sediments in the Siwaliks of 
<collectingCountry id="7757BF594379170032F7D7BC5F1F402B" name="Pakistan">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
, is claimed to be the earliest record of the genus (5.7 million years ago; 
<bibRefCitation id="D5A759E4346B32399A5862F49EC3E01D" author="Jacobs, L. L." refId="ref170759" refString="Jacobs, L. L. 1978. Fossil rodents (Rhizomyidae &amp; Muridae) from Neogene Siwalik deposits, Pakistan. Museum of Northern Arizona Press, Bulletin Series, 52: 1 - 103." year="1978">Jacobs, 1978</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="75F8D7171BD28776382FB1D3CED6ED11" author="Jacobs, L. L. &amp; W. R. Downs" refId="ref170824" refString="Jacobs, L. L., and W. R. Downs. 1994. The evolution of murine rodents in Asia. Pp. 149 - 156, in Rodent and lagomorph families of Asian origins and diversification (Y. Tomida, C. k. Li, and T. Setoguchi, eds.). National Science Museum Monographs, No. 8, Tokyo, 195 pp." year="1994">Jacobs and Downs, 1994</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="E38DEF50636E1C5DFA4FD839D312326B" author="Patnaik, R." refId="ref274017" refString="Patnaik, R. 1997. New murids and gerbillids (Rodentia, Mammalia) from Pliocene Siwalik sediments of India. Palaeovertebrata, 26 (1 - 4): 129 - 165." year="1997">Patnaik, 1997</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6628A75754CB962D9FC30183DEAFAD60" author="Patnaik, R. &amp; J. - C. Auffray &amp; J. - J. Jaeger &amp; A. Sahni" refId="ref274183" refString="Patnaik, R., J. - C. Auffray, J. - J. Jaeger, and A. Sahni. 1996. House mouse ancestor from late Pliocene Siwalik sediments of India. Comptes Rendus des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences (Paris), Sciences de la vie / Life sciences, 319: 431 - 424." year="1996">Patnaik et al., 1996</bibRefCitation>
). But at that time the 
<taxonomicName id="FFF5B14FEA25083B4EFBC0288EE68FD6" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5316C04E651FA1E91BA5F3767E0DC54C" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
dental specializations are already apparent and indicate an earlier evolutionary origin (see discussion in 
<bibRefCitation id="4B0011E4416EAE0EBC41F703DCE35D6A" author="Chaimanee, Y." refId="ref56244" refString="Chaimanee, Y. 1998. Plio-Pleistocene rodents of Thailand. Thai Studies in Biodiversity No. 3: 303 pp." year="1998">Chaimanee, 1998</bibRefCitation>
), which may be found in molar samples from early Vallesian (11-10 million years ago) of Europe considered closely related to 
<taxonomicName id="AF7E4FADBCFF4C03E14ED0733997D0E5" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="19D9DC5E2BC5035ACEC15477C3EA76DB" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in morphology, if not a species of 
<taxonomicName id="38D6A591CEDD7C0F27B8F5A13B1F579E" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3CB9AEDA52CD80D4CBFCEB80096273F7" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="713EACF0BC6D53986164DBDCF825C1DE" author="Mein, P. &amp; E. Martin Suarez &amp; J. Agusti" refId="ref236607" refString="Mein, P., E. Martin Suarez, and J. Agusti. 1993. Progonomys Schaub, 1938 and Huerzelerimys gen. nov. (Rodentia); their evolution in Western Europe. Scripta Geologica, 103: 41 - 64." year="1993">Mein et al., 1993</bibRefCitation>
; Suárez and Mein, 1998; those latter authors even noted that 
<taxonomicName id="A9CA5CE711914BC756B315567A4FBC0D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="25210C09DF2E777917D28A50E8E5230F" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, along with 
<taxonomicName id="DB09753609269B9F1395C0F8B8E0912A" baseAuthorityName="Tvrtkovic and Dzukic" baseAuthorityYear="1977" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E8CE5745405CEE443BEB9E2062B9640F" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Apodemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, have the longest time range of any murine, referring to the Vallesian form). 
<bibRefCitation id="96B6355B0FAA1ABEF4EF136782434B66" author="Jacobs, L. L. &amp; W. R. Downs" refId="ref170824" refString="Jacobs, L. L., and W. R. Downs. 1994. The evolution of murine rodents in Asia. Pp. 149 - 156, in Rodent and lagomorph families of Asian origins and diversification (Y. Tomida, C. k. Li, and T. Setoguchi, eds.). National Science Museum Monographs, No. 8, Tokyo, 195 pp." year="1994">Jacobs and Downs (1994)</bibRefCitation>
derive 
<taxonomicName id="F9CC3AE45DE0C3064E9A13C85CA74279" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4559D05B80C0F6244D4C311128F43372" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Asian 
<taxonomicName id="D73A383A3F4E43AFBBC1EA8F43CD0655" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Progonomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="debruijni">
<emphasis id="AA915E05DE3E46FBBFA8D056E623D223" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Progonomys debruijni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or a species similar to it (but 
<bibRefCitation id="A9764F21C0A83866EFB328EF2D56BE32" author="Mein, P. &amp; E. Martin Suarez &amp; J. Agusti" refId="ref236607" refString="Mein, P., E. Martin Suarez, and J. Agusti. 1993. Progonomys Schaub, 1938 and Huerzelerimys gen. nov. (Rodentia); their evolution in Western Europe. Scripta Geologica, 103: 41 - 64." year="1993">Mein et al., 1993</bibRefCitation>
, excluded 
<taxonomicName id="6E8FE02AA0E3CD01141AB52379D726C3" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Progonomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="debruijni">
<emphasis id="D34652A1D19D13C4AC6C3CF3D197961A" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">debruijni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<taxonomicName id="01199F7E183F578D21CBBB63E5323033" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Progonomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0C406393C5F35D479892FC1482AF68BE" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Progonomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). During Pliocene times 
<taxonomicName id="F7D11FD12A09FBB6983AC071A3C231E1" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B18FEF000382C0227058B3441A8CC173" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
samples come from C Asia and Africa (see review in Auffray et al., 1990), and by the Plio-Pleistocene, subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="F4A832EC7FD40B73CFDFE1040BD65912" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9A6AB6CA9B98D8256455BC1189FD9BED" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is represented by a cluster of species from N 
<collectingCountry id="EF0F18AE91506362C8CAD12F82A39140" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
that are dentally similar to the living 
<taxonomicName id="B953429759D920828957617BB11F22DD" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="booduga">
<emphasis id="24476AF37565D82D8FA481EFEF9D8315" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. booduga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="74AD52EAA2853AF462CF10FD5B023A19" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1851" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="terricolor">
<emphasis id="4DF1B8D1F5DCE2FFD30B0C4CC8724AAC" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. terricolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Indian subcontinent (
<bibRefCitation id="A2EB3B85D304BE234520DED4C3C08301" author="Gupta, S. S. &amp; G. V. R. Prasad" refId="ref135575" refString="Gupta, S. S., and G. V. R. Prasad. 2001. Micromammals from the Upper Siwalik subgroup of the Jammu region, Jammu and Kashmir State, India: Some constraints on age. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie Abhandlungen, 220 (2): 153 - 187." year="2001">Gupta and Prasad, 2001</bibRefCitation>
; Kotlia, 1992, 1995; 
<bibRefCitation id="79C3D9D6590C9AC07FA9824E53D8CE5A" author="Patnaik, R." refId="ref274017" refString="Patnaik, R. 1997. New murids and gerbillids (Rodentia, Mammalia) from Pliocene Siwalik sediments of India. Palaeovertebrata, 26 (1 - 4): 129 - 165." year="1997">Patnaik, 1997</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="87D05ABBCCFD22AC3268407011E15689" author="Patnaik, R." refId="ref274052" refString="Patnaik, R. 2001. Late Pliocene micromammals from Tatrot Formation (Upper Siwaliks) exposed near village Saketi, Himachal Pradesh, India. Palaeontographica, Abteilung A, Palaozoologie-Stratigraphie, 261 (1 - 3): 55 - 81." year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="597E61379FDD88653CC3802009690A4B" author="Patnaik, R. &amp; M. Bahadur &amp; T. Sharma &amp; A. Sahni" refId="ref274126" refString="Patnaik, R., M. Bahadur, T. Sharma, and A. Sahni. 1993. A comparative analysis of the molars of Mus booduga, Mus dunni and fossil Mus of the Indian subcontinent: Phylogenetic and palaeobiogeographic implications. Current Science, 65 (10): 782 - 786." year="1993">Patnaik et al., 1993</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="3CBCC7C26511BA7C80F334211546DB27" author="Patnaik, R. &amp; J. - C. Auffray &amp; J. - J. Jaeger &amp; A. Sahni" refId="ref274183" refString="Patnaik, R., J. - C. Auffray, J. - J. Jaeger, and A. Sahni. 1996. House mouse ancestor from late Pliocene Siwalik sediments of India. Comptes Rendus des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences (Paris), Sciences de la vie / Life sciences, 319: 431 - 424." year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
). Recently, a 2-million year old skull (late Pliocene) has been found representing a species (
<taxonomicName id="034B7D3CEBDDB00E55CDB16A63A44CA5" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="linnaeus">
<emphasis id="DBB317CA1F0206E41D588E3FF37D7AF8" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. linnaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) that might be ancestral to 
<taxonomicName id="4AA18038BAF6621E6E087911126ECD26" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="musculus">
<emphasis id="CDE137696D5A7AF16D66F4415711C31B" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. musculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which in the eyes of 
<bibRefCitation id="0D57E32C03FE91CD1AADAF677BB837ED" author="Patnaik, R. &amp; J. - C. Auffray &amp; J. - J. Jaeger &amp; A. Sahni" refId="ref274183" refString="Patnaik, R., J. - C. Auffray, J. - J. Jaeger, and A. Sahni. 1996. House mouse ancestor from late Pliocene Siwalik sediments of India. Comptes Rendus des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences (Paris), Sciences de la vie / Life sciences, 319: 431 - 424." year="1996">Patnaik et al. (1996)</bibRefCitation>
support the out-of-India origin of house mice. 
<bibRefCitation id="AD26E82D637917FFD754C54FFA6A44DD" author="Boursot, P. &amp; W. Din &amp; R. Anand &amp; D. Darviche &amp; B. Dod &amp; F. Von Deimling &amp; G. P. Talwar &amp; F. Bonhomme" refId="ref38144" refString="Boursot, P., W. Din, R. Anand, D. Darviche, B. Dod, F. Von Deimling, G. P. Talwar, and F. Bonhomme. 1996. Origin and radiation of the house mouse: Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 9: 391 - 415." year="1996">Boursot et al. (1996:406)</bibRefCitation>
, e.g., speculated that &quot;This species appears to have originated in the N Indian subcontinent, from where it colonised the Middle East,&quot; which is the hypothesis also favored by 
<bibRefCitation id="4E940BD014C4F36EAD73E67904603861" author="Din, W. &amp; R. Anand &amp; P. Boursot &amp; D. Darviche &amp; B. Dod &amp; E. Jouvin-Marche &amp; A. Orth &amp; G. P. Talwar &amp; P. - A. Cazenave &amp; F. Bonhomme" refId="ref85228" refString="Din, W., R. Anand, P. Boursot, D. Darviche, B. Dod, E. Jouvin-Marche, A. Orth, G. P. Talwar, P. - A. Cazenave, and F. Bonhomme. 1996. Origin and radiation of the house mouse: Clues from nuclear genes. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 9: 519 - 539." year="1996">Din et al. (1996)</bibRefCitation>
, by not by 
<bibRefCitation id="385B12259E51B312355B7A5572088460" author="Prager, E. M. &amp; C. Orrego &amp; R. D. Sage" refId="ref292770" refString="Prager, E. M., C. Orrego, and R. D. Sage. 1998. Genetic variation and phylgeography of Central Asian and other house mice, including a major new mitochondrial lineage in Yemen. Genetics, 150: 835 - 861." year="1998">Prager et al. (1998)</bibRefCitation>
. Elsewhere in Asia, 
<bibRefCitation id="F18641D928ACCA07B138ECAEE9FB9DA2" author="Zheng, S." refId="ref405916" refString="Zheng, S. 1993. [Quaternary rodents of Sichuan-Guizhou area, China.] Science Press, Beijing, 270 pp (in Chinese, with English summary)." year="1993">Zheng (1993)</bibRefCitation>
recorded 
<taxonomicName id="A5F5E7483BAEA2A85D0D813DF31A982E" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="8B62C6152C3FE24636752FCC4CDDFFF3" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
From late Pliocene cave sediments of the Sichuan-Guizhou region in S 
<collectingCountry id="622637DDC316A566A40EC1C3D656D1AD" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
, and 
<bibRefCitation id="D5001EB17A1E87BE06EBC5AFD72543BC" author="Zheng, S. &amp; Z. Zhang &amp; L. Liu" refId="ref406074" refString="Zheng, S., Z. Zhang, and L. Liu. 1997. [Pleistocene mammals from fissure-fillings of Sunjiashan Hill, Shandong, China.] Vertebrata Palasiatica, 35 (3): 201 - 216 (in Chinese with English summary)." year="1997">Zheng et al. (1997)</bibRefCitation>
documented 
<taxonomicName id="7438A5DEBDCFEC763691DD3E8A3AFA27" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="musculus">
<emphasis id="01FD42B57458E6AE73D66FDCD7FF868D" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. musculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Pleistocene fissure deposits in the 
<collectingRegion id="27C7DC146FA79BB9F83DEFD5EB608CC6" country="China" name="Shandong">Shandong region</collectingRegion>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="E451DFF95FFB3F0A2A72AA45D7612579" author="Chaimanee, Y." refId="ref56244" refString="Chaimanee, Y. 1998. Plio-Pleistocene rodents of Thailand. Thai Studies in Biodiversity No. 3: 303 pp." year="1998">Chaimanee (1998:214)</bibRefCitation>
documented four extant Thai species based upon molars recovered from late Pliocene and Pleistocene cave sediments. In her opinion, &quot;Southeast Asia is the center of evolution of [
<taxonomicName id="622C8D5B15573C5BA84180E9AC3A8C58" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A67FAF0589847161A5068CA70E966A98" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
] with four sympatric species occurring [in 
<collectingCountry id="F32FCFE89ABCCA8045A1D156F3A06ADA" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
] since the Pleistocene.&quot; Examples of species in subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="116D678B27534BB8E393200FDDB667B8" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AF164375D7E425EE1FC1AC120E9C6A66" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have also been recovered from early Pleistocene sediments on Java (
<bibRefCitation id="5152536CDEBB1B89DBD351CF2BBF9ED2" author="van der Meulen, A. J. &amp; G. G. Musser" refId="ref364024" refString="van der Meulen, A. J., and G. G. Musser. 1999. New paleontological data from the continental Plio-Pleistocene of Java. Pp. 361 - 368, in Elephants have a snorkel! Papers in honour of Paul Y. Sondaar (J. W. F. Reumer and J. De Vos, eds.). Deinsea, 7: 1 - 422." year="1999">Van der Meulen and Musser, 1999</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A65B8C361E4886AA1B08BAE4C010358" pageNumber="1386">
The extinct 
<taxonomicName id="F55C11FFFA923F09D0E186452A2F309C" authorityName="Bate" authorityYear="1942" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minotaurus">
<emphasis id="162956B80B5C657DCFAEEC3D0452F2D1" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus minotaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is represented by only teeth and mandibular fragments &quot;from a cave deposit in a small limestone ridge between Canea and Suda&quot; on Crete Isl in the Mediterranean (
<bibRefCitation id="DD687DFB858E64846D9951C7F881BE04" author="Bate, D. M. A." refId="ref23260" refString="Bate, D. M. A. 1942 a. New Pleistocene Murinae from Crete. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 11, 9: 41 - 49." year="1942">
Bate, 1942 
<emphasis id="2083BAB5D03CA7F35CC9521F2A6C1107" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">a</emphasis>
:46
</bibRefCitation>
); age range probably late Pleistocene to Holocene (found in Neolithic levels; 
<bibRefCitation id="AAE1B138A6E0DBEBDCDE982F80CF6E96" author="Mayhew, D. F." refId="ref232192" refString="Mayhew, D. F. 1977. The endemic Pleistocene murids of Crete. I. Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Amsterdam, ser. B, 80 (3): 182 - 214." year="1977">Mayhew, 1977</bibRefCitation>
). This is one of the large-bodied species in the genus, approximating the size of the extant Indomalayan 
<taxonomicName id="BE52FCA3990AAF5F93B6F38E9F205CBF" authority="(Bate, 1942 a)" baseAuthorityName="Bate" baseAuthorityYear="1942" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shortridgei">
<emphasis id="CF3933FA9F56C4D1E783AD1C2AF9044C" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus shortridgei</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="BD8514C1971C0C04173EB677B2318667" author="Bate, D. M. A." refId="ref23260" refString="Bate, D. M. A. 1942 a. New Pleistocene Murinae from Crete. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 11, 9: 41 - 49." year="1942">
Bate, 1942 
<emphasis id="8078A6C3442B4C2E37F2815A80B9C4AD" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">a</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="63A7A82EB8A652E2CD3CC3CFFB321A2E" author="Kuss, S. E. &amp; X. Misonne" refId="ref201964" refString="Kuss, S. E., and X. Misonne. 1968. Pleistozane Muriden del Insel Kreta. Neues Jahrbucher fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Abhandlungen, 132 (1): 55 - 69." year="1968">Kuss and Misonne (1968)</bibRefCitation>
suggested a close relationship between 
<taxonomicName id="F4DE72A05C2EA125EB7046DFDC2C435E" authorityName="Bate" authorityYear="1942" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minotaurus">
<emphasis id="58F622C184ECFA3C6DBEDA962DE648FD" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. minotaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the Indomalayan 
<taxonomicName id="00F7731D40D915E1313DA38A11331941" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1916" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pahari">
<emphasis id="DB79BC7F5BF1D94AD930A9D5D61DFFAB" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. pahari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="ACBF93DBD34E72AA6CB04AFD4275C6FD" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mayori">
<emphasis id="1621C4A7FE6FA2B0AEB42D2862A2E6EE" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. mayori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="3F8EB1B4BC61C9D5604DE84FDF232032" baseAuthorityName="Bate" baseAuthorityYear="1942" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shortridgei">
<emphasis id="D9F92B53343191E08095A847D100313B" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. shortridgei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as well as the African 
<taxonomicName id="51727CDABA553E738AB0F56ECC75DCFF" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1906" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bufo">
<emphasis id="B1B4B8D55E7E4A186ED504080A386406" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. bufo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="9879BECA2B15B15D71D5B143F90B6BF2" author="Mayhew, D. F." refId="ref232192" refString="Mayhew, D. F. 1977. The endemic Pleistocene murids of Crete. I. Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Amsterdam, ser. B, 80 (3): 182 - 214." year="1977">Mayhew (1977</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="0D106AB7584E46644C3C759EC0C5B319" author="Mayhew, D. F." refId="ref232233" refString="Mayhew, D. F. 1996. The extinct murids of Crete. Pp. 167 - 171, in Pleistocene and Holocene fauna of Crete and its first settlers (D. S. Reese, ed.). Monographs in World Archaeology No. 28, Prehistory Press, Madison, Wisconsin, 422 pp." year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
) had described 
<taxonomicName id="22AF5B983B65A363DC18DEA522E0784B" authorityName="Mayhew" authorityYear="1977" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bateae">
<emphasis id="5494C8946E9A4470495EE207670EC838" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. bateae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, having molars smaller than 
<taxonomicName id="3CF8B5446FCC8A76BE311340E9B14559" authorityName="Bate" authorityYear="1942" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minotaurus">
<emphasis id="22D95DFBF677793E74F450FFD435D4EB" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. minotaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but larger than 
<taxonomicName id="D677F106C6BB7060154C1F8F58A03AFB" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="musculus">
<emphasis id="D145BE9270749D003FA295A05F5AF648" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. musculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from probable middle Pleistocene sediments on Crete and postulated that it and 
<taxonomicName id="9EED7F5D13D8CF82D66E6BD8D51AA412" authorityName="Bate" authorityYear="1942" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minotaurus">
<emphasis id="C99137B6D55F565575936AF45446B3A9" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. minotaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are part of a single lineage derived from an ancestral population resembling 
<taxonomicName id="9780788DED3068AF09F56302173C7E22" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="musculus">
<emphasis id="EDD359999A0847BB737EB493F7B3C14C" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. musculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Both 
<taxonomicName id="5613B5652BB0FE7696BD92FAA0C8D01F" authorityName="Bate" authorityYear="1942" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minotaurus">
<emphasis id="5D36BC6C3819A502A830DC2F5B75FB37" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. minotaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="9D25CB02DA9514A7FDFCD02AF69AACC6" authorityName="Mayhew" authorityYear="1977" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bateae">
<emphasis id="909057E877FC51B972C5FB54BE17A02F" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">M. bateae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are found in the higher biostratigraphic depositional levels on Crete, always in the zone above those containing the extinct endemic murine 
<taxonomicName id="9DE46BF5CAF85BADCAF42E63F101A72D" authority="(Dermitzakis and de Vos, 1987)" baseAuthorityName="Dermitzakis and de Vos" baseAuthorityYear="1987" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Kritimys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A5AC9099CC12330C8F9E814A661664C9" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Kritimys</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="32073A7DCFD6902EDED03A427688C421" author="Dermitzakis, M. D. &amp; J. de Vos" refId="ref82674" refString="Dermitzakis, M. D., and J. de Vos. 1987. Faunal succession and the evolution of mammals in Crete during the Pleistocene. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie. Abhandlungen, 173 (3): 377 - 408." year="1987">Dermitzakis and de Vos, 1987</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="32E5E286DEF10CB8D5735238C558C166" authorityName="Bate" authorityYear="1942" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minotaurus">
<emphasis id="F85261962F8174CAD2383C7BEF4C2005" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus minotaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was still present in late cave levels along with traces of human activities and probably became extinct after the arrival of humans (about 8000 years before present) and the subsequent introduction of 
<taxonomicName id="5FA93A1D2DFB1FDF0377508EFF1942C5" baseAuthorityName="Ellerman" baseAuthorityYear="1961" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rattus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="386774932548FE93BE578DDA8F4AE3F9" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Rattus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="F3689571C80DCD077DFB4A1B9E5CCF8D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="musculus">
<emphasis id="04B58D73A6773B5EAF3C141FEB9A4E7A" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus musculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which ultimately provided devastating competition (
<bibRefCitation id="F409E1ECC7FE4F4DE8C286772301F9B1" author="Dermitzakis, M. D. &amp; J. de Vos" refId="ref82674" refString="Dermitzakis, M. D., and J. de Vos. 1987. Faunal succession and the evolution of mammals in Crete during the Pleistocene. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie. Abhandlungen, 173 (3): 377 - 408." year="1987">Dermitzakis and de Vos, 1987</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B22969C508B5A2E19FD74BCEBB34BEC5" pageNumber="1386">
Earliest records of 
<taxonomicName id="BB8BF56CB8E0C05D5BDD0842FBAF66C1" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4F9F17DA2865297F531D787392ABE69D" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Subsaharan Africa come from late Pliocene sediments, and samples of the genus have also been obtained from Pleistocene and Holocene strata (
<bibRefCitation id="15DCDA6E2ED6ACCFC41DCE042CBD99D3" author="Avery, D. M." refId="ref16042" refString="Avery, D. M. 1998. An assessment of the lower Pleistocene micromammalian fauna from Swartkrans Members 1 - 3, Gauteng, South Africa. Geobios, 31 (3): 393 - 414." year="1998">Avery, 1998</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="12BFA249CEF271F9A61AD71CD9DEB375" author="Avery, D. M." refId="ref16081" refString="Avery, D. M. 2000. Notes on the systematics of micromammals from Sterkfontein, Gauteng, South Africa. Palaeontologica Africana, 36: 83 - 90." year="2000">2000</bibRefCitation>
; Denys, 1999; Jaeger, 1976; 
<bibRefCitation id="3C280566AE7FB54353FF22DEC48D1986" author="Jaeger, J. - J. &amp; B. Wesselman" refId="ref171554" refString="Jaeger, J. - J., and B. Wesselman. 1976. Fossil remains of micromammals from the Omo Group deposits. Pp. 351 - 360, in Earliest Man and Environments in the Lake Rudolf Basin. Stratigraphy, paleoecology, and evolution (Y. Coppens, F. C. Howell, G. L. Isaac, and R. E. F. Leakey, eds.). University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London, 615 pp." year="1976">Jaeger and Wesselman, 1976</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="5639C594792C5DA032EEE3013B00B253" author="Senut, B. &amp; M. Pickford &amp; P. Mein &amp; G. Conroy &amp; J. Van Couvering" refId="ref323714" refString="Senut, B., M. Pickford, P. Mein, G. Conroy, and J. Van Couvering. 1992. Discovery of 12 new Late Cainozoic fossiliferous sites in palaeokarsts of the Otavi Mountains, Namibia. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences (Paris), 314 (ser. II): 727 - 733." year="1992">Senut et al., 1992</bibRefCitation>
). Geraads (1998) described a Miocene-Pliocene species from 
<collectingCountry id="E3428E0170D310B811989A3954EFB42A" name="Morocco">Morocco</collectingCountry>
that may be the earliest known 
<taxonomicName id="FA9FFEE9E2C2AC3180147896215A048C" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2689D4566C22D8D09004AA7CE8C5DE60" italics="true" pageNumber="1386">Mus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
recorded from Africa. 
<bibRefCitation id="4E7D0B6777E7423E35630E6C1A0BCAED" author="Mein, P. &amp; M. Pickford" refId="ref236473" refString="Mein, P., and M. Pickford. 1992. Gisements karstiques pleistocenes au Djebel Ressas, Tunisie. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris, 315 (2): 247 - 253." year="1992">Mein and Pickford (1992)</bibRefCitation>
discussed species recovered from Pleistocene beds in 
<collectingCountry id="6E87BC0BE550B0C3FF7E94DCC70BD491" name="Tunisia">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>