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<document id="9F871158E9AF55F36665AD4E7AC233F7" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7666864" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7666864" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1677092103100" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Londt, Jason G. H." docDate="2005" docId="CF1787E3FFC3FFD2EBD1FE5FFD44E53C" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.46.1.203-252.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 46 (1937)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C20B10C002986E51083406A4EACF003A.3:AfrInvertebr.2001-2007.journal_article" docStyleId="C20B10C002986E51083406A4EACF003A" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2001-2007.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Afroholopogon fugax" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="218" masterDocId="332EFF9BFFCDFFDDEA7BFFA3FFACE060" masterDocTitle="A review of afrotropical Afroholopogon Londt, 1994 with the description of a new genus and new species (Diptera: Asilidae: Stenopogoninae)" masterLastPageNumber="252" masterPageNumber="203" pageNumber="217" updateTime="1699455766201" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="2CAEEBC142709EEF602E2D8E6B27C542">A review of afrotropical Afroholopogon Londt, 1994 with the description of a new genus and new species (Diptera: Asilidae: Stenopogoninae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3E883435F0E0D3D77A2197A7D0B17223">Londt, Jason G. H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="5DEDFA7F82E98D0C864175CA2EC4CB5B">African Invertebrates</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="00302A60C7B66371C744C6F62AE45167">
<mods:date id="D4C30FFB74DEA16987F75890DC82C8F9">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A5D17FF25A7BAF8EA8FAE49FA4586AC9">2005-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="73C1A78EC674479A07B5B7A6541F8620">46</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8B0220EDC13726B168DB58F7850C2620">1937</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="0FA4657EFFC3FFD3EBD1FE5FFC99E274" box="[426,821,507,532]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="470136F5FFC3FFD3EBD1FE5FFC99E274" blockId="14.[144,1104,507,1666]" box="[426,821,507,532]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">
<heading id="1C498199FFC3FFD3EBD1FE5FFC99E274" box="[426,821,507,532]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="80BE4D76FFC3FFD3EBD1FE5FFC99E274" authority="(Loew, 1858)" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[426,821,507,532]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Afroholopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fugax">
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3EBD1FE5FFD34E274" box="[426,664,508,532]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">Afroholopogon fugax</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="232F4B04FFC3FFD3E8DDFE58FC81E274" author="LOEW, H." box="[678,813,507,532]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" pagination="337 - 383" refId="ref30158" refString="LOEW, H. 1858. Bidrag till kannedomen om Afrikas Diptera [part]. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps- Akademiens Forhandlingar (Stockholm) 14 (1857): 337 - 383." type="journal article" year="1858">Loew, 1858</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FA4657EFFC3FFD3E875FD82FD7DE25A" box="[526,721,545,570]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" type="description">
<paragraph id="470136F5FFC3FFD3E875FD82FD7DE25A" blockId="14.[144,1104,507,1666]" box="[526,721,545,570]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">
<figureCitation id="DF852A70FFC3FFD3E875FD82FDF9E25A" box="[526,597,545,570]" captionStart="Figs 16" captionStartId="40.[144,182,1563,1583]" captionTargetBox="[143,1104,203,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-19@40.[144,1104,594,893]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figs 16. (1) Diagrammatic representation of how the basal angle of the fourth radial cell (r 4) was measured; (2) Afroholopogon fugax (Loew, 1858), entire male,Akkerendam Nature Reserve;(3) Afroholopogon uranopia sp. n., male head, paratype, Graaff-Reinet; (4) Afroholopogon vumba (Oldroyd, 1974), wing, holotype; (5) Ischiolobos holcocephaloides (Lindner, 1955), left metacoxa, Mkuzi male, showing anterior peg-like process; (6) Ischiolobos mesotopos sp. n., entire male, holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666866" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666866/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">Figs 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DF852A70FFC3FFD3E81AFD82FD06E25A" box="[609,682,545,570]" captionStart="Figs 2032" captionStartId="42.[141,181,1551,1571]" captionTargetBox="[154,1077,202,1522]" captionTargetId="figure-9@42.[154,1079,179,1535]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Figs 2032. Afroholopogon species, male genitalia: (2022) A. capensis (Lindner, 1961), 9 km SW Willowmore: (20) lateral, (21) dorsal, (22) ventral; (2325) A. chirundu sp. n., paratype, Chirundu: (23) lateral, (24) dorsal, (25) ventral; (2629) A. dasys sp. n., paratype, Abd al-Kuri: (26) lateral, (27) right gonocoxite, (28) dorsal, (29) ventral; (3032) A. fugax (Loew, 1858), Willowmore: (30) lateral, (31) dorsal, (32) ventral. Arrows indicate broken gonostylus. Scale lines = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666870" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666870/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">3032</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DF852A70FFC3FFD3E8CEFD82FD7DE25A" box="[693,721,545,570]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[182,215,875,895]" captionTargetBox="[277,1042,198,860]" captionTargetId="figure-9@47.[277,1042,198,860]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig. 77. Southern African distribution of Afroholopogon Londt, 1994 species: africanus closed circle, anassa open circle, chirundu closed square, fugax open square, vumba closed triangle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666880" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666880/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">77</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FA4657EFFC3FFD3EAEBFDE6FD6EE2E8" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="470136F5FFC3FFD3EAEBFDE6FBFCE238" blockId="14.[144,1104,507,1666]" box="[144,1104,580,601]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="67AE11DBFFC3FFD3EAEBFDE6FBFCE238" box="[144,1104,580,601]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">
<treatmentCitation id="C61F10E4FFC3FFD3EAEBFDE6FE67E238" author="LOEW, H." box="[144,459,580,601]" page="350" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" year="1858">
<taxonomicName id="80BE4D76FFC3FFD3EAEBFDE6FE67E238" ID-CoL="3M9KX" authority="Loew, 1858: 350" authorityName="Loew" authorityPageNumber="350" authorityYear="1858" box="[144,459,580,601]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Holopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fugax">
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3EAEBFDE6FE80E239" box="[144,300,581,601]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">Holopogon fugax</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="232F4B04FFC3FFD3EB49FDE7FE67E238" author="LOEW, H." box="[306,459,580,600]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" pagination="337 - 383" refId="ref30158" refString="LOEW, H. 1858. Bidrag till kannedomen om Afrikas Diptera [part]. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps- Akademiens Forhandlingar (Stockholm) 14 (1857): 337 - 383." type="journal article" year="1858">Loew, 1858: 350</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, 351 [1860: 166, 167];
<treatmentCitation id="C61F10E4FFC3FFD3E8E7FDE7FC92E238" author="OLDROYD, H." box="[668,830,580,600]" page="47" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" year="1974">
<bibRefCitation id="232F4B04FFC3FFD3E8E7FDE7FC92E238" author="OLDROYD, H." box="[668,830,580,600]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" pagination="1 - 171" refId="ref30391" refString="OLDROYD, H. 1974. An introduction to the robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) of southern Africa. Annals of the Natal Museum 22 (1): 1 - 171." type="journal article" year="1974">Oldroyd 1974: 47</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 38 entire male; 1980: 362
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="470136F5FFC3FFD3EA8BFDFFFDF1E210" blockId="14.[144,1104,507,1666]" box="[240,605,604,624]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">
(catalogue).
<materialsCitation id="F7D63CA8FFC3FFD3EB1AFDFFFDF5E210" box="[353,601,604,624]" country="South Africa" location="South Africa" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="98058857FFC3FFD3EB1AFDFFFE22E210" box="[353,398,604,624]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<collectingCountry id="3FA97665FFC3FFD3EB98FDFFFDF5E210" box="[483,601,604,624]" name="South Africa" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">South Africa</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="470136F5FFC3FFD3EAEBFDD6FD6EE2E8" blockId="14.[144,1104,507,1666]" box="[144,706,628,649]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">
<taxonomicName id="80BE4D76FFC3FFD3EAEBFDD6FE46E2E8" authority=": Londt 1994: 64" authorityName=": Londt" authorityPageNumber="64" authorityYear="1994" box="[144,490,628,649]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Afroholopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fugax">
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3EAEBFDD6FEFCE2E9" box="[144,336,629,649]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">Afroholopogon fugax</emphasis>
: Londt 1994: 64
</taxonomicName>
, figs 2023 ơ genitalia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FA4657EFFC3FFD2EAEBFD30FD44E53C" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="218" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" type="description">
<paragraph id="470136F5FFC3FFD3EAEBFD30FEFEE2AC" blockId="14.[144,1104,507,1666]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">
Redescription: Based on
<typeStatus id="98058857FFC3FFD3EBDCFD30FDA2E2CC" box="[423,526,659,684]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(a small specimen). Overall appearance as in
<figureCitation id="DF852A70FFC3FFD3EE74FD30FBFCE2CC" box="[1039,1104,659,684]" captionStart="Figs 16" captionStartId="40.[144,182,1563,1583]" captionTargetBox="[143,1104,203,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-19@40.[144,1104,594,893]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figs 16. (1) Diagrammatic representation of how the basal angle of the fourth radial cell (r 4) was measured; (2) Afroholopogon fugax (Loew, 1858), entire male,Akkerendam Nature Reserve;(3) Afroholopogon uranopia sp. n., male head, paratype, Graaff-Reinet; (4) Afroholopogon vumba (Oldroyd, 1974), wing, holotype; (5) Ischiolobos holcocephaloides (Lindner, 1955), left metacoxa, Mkuzi male, showing anterior peg-like process; (6) Ischiolobos mesotopos sp. n., entire male, holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666866" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666866/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
(Akkerendam ơ).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="470136F5FFC3FFD3EAEBFD7AFD74E3F2" blockId="14.[144,1104,507,1666]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3EAEBFD7AFF61E291" box="[144,205,729,753]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">Head</emphasis>
: Antenna: Dark red-brown, fine silver pruinose, white setose; segmental formula 1.0:1.2:4.6:0.2:2.0. Face dark red-brown, entirely strongly silver pruinose, mystax white, strong setae ventrally weaker dorsally but extending over entire face. Face width:head width ratio 1.0:4.9. Frons and vertex dark red-brown, weakly silver pruinose to shiny apruinose, white setose (long ocellars). Occiput dark red-brown, silver pruinose, white setose. Proboscis and palpi red-brown, white setose.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="470136F5FFC3FFD3EAEBFC3DFC53E577" blockId="14.[144,1104,507,1666]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3EAEBFC3DFF4DE3D6" box="[144,225,926,950]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">Thorax</emphasis>
: Mesonotum dark red-brown to black, shiny apruinose except for narrow silver lateral and posterior margin. Setation:
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3E847FC1DFDFAE3B6" box="[572,598,958,982]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">ac</emphasis>
long thin white;
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3E951FC1DFCE8E3B6" box="[810,836,958,982]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">dc</emphasis>
long thin white;
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3EE6CFC1DFB97E3B6" box="[1047,1083,958,982]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">npl</emphasis>
2 white;
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3EA8CFC7DFEBCE396" box="[247,272,990,1014]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">sa</emphasis>
1 long white;
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3EBADFC7DFE5EE396" box="[470,498,990,1014]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">pa</emphasis>
1 long white. Scutellum dark red-brown to black, largely shiny apruinose except for narrow silver anterior margin, disc asetose, margin with 4 thin macrosetae accompanied by fine white setae arranged in two rows. Pleura dark red-brown, entirely weakly silver pruinose, white setose. Wing 3.4 x
<quantity id="80469B10FFC3FFD3E98BFB9DFBE7E437" box="[1008,1099,1086,1111]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
, transparent (slightly milky appearance), microtrichia weak to absent, basal angle of r
<subScript id="DB3A34B0FFC3FFD3EE3CFBCCFBE3E41D" attach="left" box="[1095,1103,1135,1149]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">4</subScript>
32°. Halter pale brown with pale brown (dorsally) and white (ventrally) knob. Legs:
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3EAACFB3DFF5CE4D6" box="[215,240,1182,1206]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">cx</emphasis>
dark red-brown, silver pruinose, white setose; trochanters dark red-brown;
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3EAEBFB1DFF1BE4B6" box="[144,183,1214,1238]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">fem</emphasis>
dark red-brown with narrow brown-yellow distal part, white setose;
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3E9EBFB1DFC01E4B6" box="[912,941,1214,1238]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">tib</emphasis>
brown-yellow, white setose except for a few dark red-brown macrosetae distally;
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3E9B6FB7DFC43E496" box="[973,1007,1246,1270]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">tar</emphasis>
brownyellow and white setose except for some dark red-brown macrosetae ventrally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="470136F5FFC3FFD3EAEBFA87FDCAE65C" blockId="14.[144,1104,507,1666]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3EAEBFA87FF54E55C" box="[144,248,1316,1340]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Terga dark red-brown, shiny apruinose except for narrow silver lateral margins that are more extensive posterolaterally, white setose (tiny setae medially, long setae laterally). Sterna mostly hidden due to curvature of terga, red-brown, silver pruinose, long white setose. Genitalia:
<typeStatus id="98058857FFC3FFD3EBA9FA20FD96E5FC" box="[466,570,1411,1436]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
not dissected, but agrees well with Willowmore ơ illustrated (
<figureCitation id="DF852A70FFC3FFD3EB53FA00FE01E5DC" box="[296,429,1443,1468]" captionStart="Figs 2032" captionStartId="42.[141,181,1551,1571]" captionTargetBox="[154,1077,202,1522]" captionTargetId="figure-9@42.[154,1079,179,1535]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Figs 2032. Afroholopogon species, male genitalia: (2022) A. capensis (Lindner, 1961), 9 km SW Willowmore: (20) lateral, (21) dorsal, (22) ventral; (2325) A. chirundu sp. n., paratype, Chirundu: (23) lateral, (24) dorsal, (25) ventral; (2629) A. dasys sp. n., paratype, Abd al-Kuri: (26) lateral, (27) right gonocoxite, (28) dorsal, (29) ventral; (3032) A. fugax (Loew, 1858), Willowmore: (30) lateral, (31) dorsal, (32) ventral. Arrows indicate broken gonostylus. Scale lines = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666870" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666870/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">Figs 3032</figureCitation>
): Hypopygium rotated through between 90180°;
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3E99FFA07FB84E5DC" box="[996,1064,1444,1468]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">epand</emphasis>
(in dorsal view) deeply incised medially to form two pointed lobes joined narrowly basally;
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3EAEBFA47FF7EE59C" box="[144,210,1508,1532]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">goncx</emphasis>
externally distally bilobed, lobes of distinctive shape;
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3E965FA47FCF8E59C" box="[798,852,1508,1532]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">hypd</emphasis>
(in lateral view) gently curved and projecting distally beyond level attained by
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC3FFD3E89AF9A7FC8FE67C" box="[737,803,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">goncx</emphasis>
, tapering rapidly (in ventral view) to elongated forked medial process.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="470136F5FFC3FFD3EAEBF9EAFBFCE6E2" blockId="14.[144,1104,507,1666]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217">
Variation: Sexes similar. The
<typeStatus id="98058857FFC3FFD3EBAEF9EAFD90E602" box="[469,572,1609,1634]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
male is one of the smallest specimens seen. The female
<typeStatus id="98058857FFC3FFD3EA91F9CAFE2AE6E2" box="[234,390,1641,1666]" pageId="14" pageNumber="217" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
on the same pin is, however, of average size (wing-length
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="470136F5FFC2FFD2EACEFF6DFC4CE127" blockId="15.[181,1143,206,1372]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">
<quantity id="80469B10FFC2FFD2EACEFF6DFEA3E087" box="[181,271,206,231]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" unit="mm" value="5.1">5.1 mm</quantity>
, width 2.0 mm). Both
<typeStatus id="98058857FFC2FFD2E86DFF6DFDEAE087" box="[534,582,206,231]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">type</typeStatus>
specimens appear slightly teneral as most of the other specimens are black rather than dark red-brown in colour. Femora are usually black while tibiae are brown-orange. A little variation has been seen in the shape of the hypandrial fork, in that the length of the terminal fork may vary slightly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="470136F5FFC2FFD2EACEFEF1FDADE11E" blockId="15.[181,1143,206,1372]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">
Type specimens:
<materialsCitation id="F7D63CA8FFC2FFD2EB28FEF1FE51E11E" collectionCode="NHRS" country="South Africa" location="SOUTH AFRICA" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingCountry id="3FA97665FFC2FFD2EB28FEF1FE57E106" box="[339,507,338,358]" name="South Africa" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
: ơ
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC2FFD2E86CFEF2FDC2E105" bold="true" box="[535,622,337,357]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">
<typeStatus id="98058857FFC2FFD2E86CFEF2FDC2E105" box="[535,622,337,357]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
, 1^
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC2FFD2E8D9FEF2FC8AE105" bold="true" box="[674,806,337,357]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">
<typeStatus id="98058857FFC2FFD2E8D9FEF2FC8AE105" box="[674,806,337,357]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(pinned one above the other), 104, 255,
<taxonomicName id="80BE4D76FFC2FFD2EA82FEC9FEF3E11E" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1847" box="[249,351,362,382]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Holopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC2FFD2EA82FEC9FEF3E11E" box="[249,351,362,382]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Holopogon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC2FFD2EB0BFEC9FE06E11E" box="[368,426,362,382]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">fugax</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="21AFAE30FFC2FFD2EBCEFEC9FE5AE11E" box="[437,502,362,382]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rsbi-vwmq" name="Swedish Museum of Natural History, Entomology Collections" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">NHRS</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="470136F5FFC2FFD2EACEFE24FC91E19B" blockId="15.[181,1143,206,1372]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">
Notes:
<bibRefCitation id="232F4B04FFC2FFD2EA8CFE24FE2AE1FB" author="OLDROYD, H." box="[247,390,391,411]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" pagination="1 - 171" refId="ref30391" refString="OLDROYD, H. 1974. An introduction to the robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) of southern Africa. Annals of the Natal Museum 22 (1): 1 - 171." type="journal article" year="1974">Oldroyd (1974)</bibRefCitation>
incorrectly gives the type repository as ZMHB.
<bibRefCitation id="232F4B04FFC2FFD2E93AFE24FC14E1FB" author="LOEW, H." box="[833,952,391,411]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" pagination="337 - 383" refId="ref30158" refString="LOEW, H. 1858. Bidrag till kannedomen om Afrikas Diptera [part]. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps- Akademiens Forhandlingar (Stockholm) 14 (1857): 337 - 383." type="journal article" year="1858">Loew (1858)</bibRefCitation>
described both male and female specimens without designating a type. In 1860 he elaborated on his descriptions, stating that the specimens had been found in copula, but again did not designate a type. These specimens must therefore be considered
<typeStatus id="98058857FFC2FFD2EB65FE6CFEDCE183" box="[286,368,463,483]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
. As there are other species resembling
<taxonomicName id="80BE4D76FFC2FFD2E8A9FE6CFCA8E183" authorityName=": Londt" authorityYear="1994" box="[722,772,463,483]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Afroholopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fugax">
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC2FFD2E8A9FE6CFCA8E183" box="[722,772,463,483]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">fugax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it is essential to designate a
<typeStatus id="98058857FFC2FFD2EE74FE6CFBC9E183" box="[1039,1125,463,483]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
; I hereby designate the male as
<typeStatus id="98058857FFC2FFD2EBBBFE44FDBFE19B" box="[448,531,487,507]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
and the female as
<typeStatus id="98058857FFC2FFD2E8C7FE44FC95E19B" box="[700,825,487,507]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="470136F5FFC2FFD2EAB0FDA7FDF6E218" blockId="15.[181,1143,206,1372]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">
<materialsCitation id="F7D63CA8FFC2FFD2EAB0FDA7FE68E218" country="South Africa" location="Calvinia" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Cape">
Although locality information is not cited on labels, Loew gives Caffraria (Wahlb.) (1858) and (Caffrerei, Wahlberg.) (1860) as the origin of the specimens.This poses a problem.Wahlbergs route is well documented (
<bibRefCitation id="232F4B04FFC2FFD2EAC7FD97FE87E228" author="USHER, P. J." box="[188,299,564,584]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" pagination="459 - 507" refId="ref30457" refString="USHER, P. J. 1972. A review of the South African horsefly fauna (Diptera: Tabanidae). Annals of the Natal Museum 21 (2): 459 - 507." type="journal article" year="1972">Usher, 1972</bibRefCitation>
) and in no way overlaps with the known distribution of the species. I therefore designate a
<typeStatus id="98058857FFC2FFD2EE34FD97FBDAE228" box="[1103,1142,564,584]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">type</typeStatus>
locality where presence of the species has been well established
<collectingCountry id="3FA97665FFC2FFD2E881FDEFFCC2E200" box="[762,878,588,608]" name="South Africa" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="857AF817FFC2FFD2E90EFDEFFC57E200" box="[885,1019,588,608]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Northern Cape</collectingRegion>
,Akkerendam Nat. Res.,
<quantity id="80469B10FFC2FFD2EB6EFDC7FEEFE218" box="[277,323,612,632]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
N of
<location id="4261602EFFC2FFD2EB0CFDC7FE68E218" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF1787E3FFC3FFD2EBD1FE5FFD44E53C:4261602EFFC2FFD2EB0CFDC7FE68E218" box="[375,452,612,632]" country="South Africa" name="Calvinia" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Northern Cape">Calvinia</location>
</materialsCitation>
(3127S 1946E).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="470136F5FFC2FFD2EACEFD21FC76E476" blockId="15.[181,1143,206,1372]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">
Other material studied:
<materialsCitation id="F7D63CA8FFC2FFD2EBE6FD21FE56E2CE" collectingDate="1924-12" collectionCode="CB, R, BMNH" collectorName="S. W. Africa. &amp; E. Turner. &amp; Brit. Mus." country="Namibia" location="Aus" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="3FA97665FFC2FFD2EBE6FD21FDA5E2F6" box="[413,521,642,662]" name="Namibia" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">NAMIBIA</collectingCountry>
: 1ơ,
<location id="4261602EFFC2FFD2E845FD21FDC4E2F6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF1787E3FFC3FFD2EBD1FE5FFD44E53C:4261602EFFC2FFD2E845FD21FDC4E2F6" box="[574,616,642,662]" country="Namibia" name="Aus" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Aus</location>
[2616
<collectionCode id="21AFAE30FFC2FFD2E8D2FD21FD66E2F6" box="[681,714,642,662]" country="Australia" name="The CB Rhizobium Collection" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">CB</collectionCode>
] /
<date id="33001035FFC2FFD2E89FFD21FCE2E2F6" box="[740,846,642,662]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1924-12">
<collectingDate id="2344E9DDFFC2FFD2E89FFD21FCE2E2F6" box="[740,846,642,662]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1924-12">Dec. 1924</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E91AFD21FC71E2F6" box="[865,989,642,662]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">S.W. Africa.</collectorName>
/
<collectionCode id="21AFAE30FFC2FFD2E98AFD21FBA8E2F6" box="[1009,1028,642,662]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2EE7CFD21FBC5E2F6" box="[1031,1129,642,662]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">E. Turner.</collectorName>
/
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2EACEFD39FEB6E2CE" box="[181,282,666,686]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Brit. Mus.</collectorName>
/ 1930-113. (
<collectionCode id="21AFAE30FFC2FFD2EBDCFD39FE5FE2CE" box="[423,499,666,686]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="F7D63CA8FFC2FFD2E87EFD39FC7AE476" collectingDate="1916-01-12" collectingDateMax="2002-09-07" collectingDateMin="1916-01-12" collectionCode="SAMC" collectorName="Van Rhynsdorp &amp; B &amp; P Stuckenberg' &amp; Quickelberge &amp; Londt &amp; S Africa &amp; J. G. H. Londt &amp; Date &amp; Whittington &amp; Valley &amp; Observatory' &amp; Tankwa Karoo &amp; Waterval &amp; Mus. Exped. &amp; Capland &amp; Willowmore &amp; Dr. Brauns. &amp; Resolution &amp; Albany Distr &amp; A. Walton'" country="South Africa" county="North" elevation="1600" latitude="-32.383335" location="Aggenys" longLatPrecision="1211" longitude="20.8" municipality="Postmasburg" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<collectingCountry id="3FA97665FFC2FFD2E87EFD39FD19E2CE" box="[517,693,666,686]" name="South Africa" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
: 1^, 26 mls
<collectingCounty id="AE604E79FFC2FFD2E938FD39FCD7E2CE" box="[835,891,666,686]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">North</collectingCounty>
/ of
<collectingMunicipality id="A765AC8FFFC2FFD2E9D6FD39FB84E2CE" box="[941,1064,666,686]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Postmasburg</collectingMunicipality>
[2819S 2304E] ~ Mus. Staff /
<date id="33001035FFC2FFD2EBE0FD11FE50E2A6" box="[411,508,690,710]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1939-10">
<collectingDate id="2344E9DDFFC2FFD2EBE0FD11FE50E2A6" box="[411,508,690,710]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1939-10">Oct. 1939</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode id="21AFAE30FFC2FFD2E876FD11FDF9E2A6" box="[525,597,690,710]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
); 1^,
<location id="4261602EFFC2FFD2E8E1FD11FD5FE2A6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF1787E3FFC3FFD2EBD1FE5FFD44E53C:4261602EFFC2FFD2E8E1FD11FD5FE2A6" box="[666,755,690,710]" country="South Africa" county="North" latitude="-32.383335" longLatPrecision="1211" longitude="20.8" municipality="Postmasburg" name="Aggenys" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Western Cape">Aggenys</location>
[2912S 1851E] or /
<location id="4261602EFFC2FFD2E9C3FD11FB97E2A6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF1787E3FFC3FFD2EBD1FE5FFD44E53C:4261602EFFC2FFD2E9C3FD11FB97E2A6" box="[952,1083,690,710]" country="South Africa" county="North" latitude="-32.383335" longLatPrecision="1211" longitude="20.8" municipality="Postmasburg" name="Bushmanland" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Western Cape">Bushmanland</location>
/
<location id="4261602EFFC2FFD2EE35FD11FEB5E2BE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF1787E3FFC3FFD2EBD1FE5FFD44E53C:4261602EFFC2FFD2EE35FD11FEB5E2BE" country="South Africa" county="North" latitude="-32.383335" longLatPrecision="1211" longitude="20.8" municipality="Postmasburg" name="Btw Springbok" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Western Cape">Btw Springbok</location>
/ and
<location id="4261602EFFC2FFD2EB2FFD69FE26E2BE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF1787E3FFC3FFD2EBD1FE5FFD44E53C:4261602EFFC2FFD2EB2FFD69FE26E2BE" box="[340,394,714,734]" country="South Africa" county="North" latitude="-32.383335" longLatPrecision="1211" longitude="20.8" municipality="Postmasburg" name="Pella'" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Western Cape">Pella</location>
~ Mus. /
<location id="4261602EFFC2FFD2EB95FD69FDB0E2BE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF1787E3FFC3FFD2EBD1FE5FFD44E53C:4261602EFFC2FFD2EB95FD69FDB0E2BE" box="[494,540,714,734]" country="South Africa" county="North" latitude="-32.383335" longLatPrecision="1211" longitude="20.8" municipality="Postmasburg" name="Staff" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Western Cape">Staff</location>
/
<date id="33001035FFC2FFD2E854FD69FD23E2BE" box="[559,655,714,734]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1939-10">
<collectingDate id="2344E9DDFFC2FFD2E854FD69FD23E2BE" box="[559,655,714,734]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1939-10">Oct. 1939</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode id="21AFAE30FFC2FFD2E8DBFD69FD44E2BE" box="[672,744,714,734]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
); 1ơ,
<location id="4261602EFFC2FFD2E958FD69FC30E2BE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF1787E3FFC3FFD2EBD1FE5FFD44E53C:4261602EFFC2FFD2E958FD69FC30E2BE" box="[803,924,714,734]" country="South Africa" county="North" latitude="-32.383335" longLatPrecision="1211" longitude="20.8" municipality="Postmasburg" name="Knersvlakte" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Western Cape">Knersvlakte</location>
[3115S 1845E].
<location id="4261602EFFC2FFD2EE45FD69FBDAE2BE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF1787E3FFC3FFD2EBD1FE5FFD44E53C:4261602EFFC2FFD2EE45FD69FBDAE2BE" box="[1086,1142,714,734]" country="South Africa" county="North" latitude="-32.383335" longLatPrecision="1211" longitude="20.8" municipality="Postmasburg" name="North" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Western Cape">North</location>
/ of
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2EAA4FD41FED8E296" box="[223,372,738,758]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">
<location id="4261602EFFC2FFD2EAA4FD41FED8E296" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF1787E3FFC3FFD2EBD1FE5FFD44E53C:4261602EFFC2FFD2EAA4FD41FED8E296" box="[223,372,738,758]" country="South Africa" county="North" latitude="-32.383335" longLatPrecision="1211" longitude="20.8" municipality="Postmasburg" name="Van Rhynsdorp" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Western Cape">Van Rhynsdorp</location>
</collectorName>
/
<location id="4261602EFFC2FFD2EBF1FD41FE55E296" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF1787E3FFC3FFD2EBD1FE5FFD44E53C:4261602EFFC2FFD2EBF1FD41FE55E296" box="[394,505,738,758]" country="South Africa" county="North" latitude="-32.383335" longLatPrecision="1211" longitude="20.8" municipality="Postmasburg" name="South-West" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Western Cape">South-West</location>
<collectingRegion id="857AF817FFC2FFD2E87AFD41FD9EE296" box="[513,562,738,758]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Cape</collectingRegion>
/
<date id="33001035FFC2FFD2E833FD41FD5BE296" box="[584,759,738,758]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1964-10-06" valueMax="1964-10-09" valueMin="1964-10-06">
<collectingDate id="2344E9DDFFC2FFD2E833FD41FD5BE296" box="[584,759,738,758]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1964-10-06" valueMax="1964-10-09" valueMin="1964-10-06">69 October 1964</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E975FD41FC6AE296" box="[782,966,738,758]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">B&amp;P Stuckenberg</collectorName>
; 2^,
<location id="4261602EFFC2FFD2EE7CFD41FBDEE296" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF1787E3FFC3FFD2EBD1FE5FFD44E53C:4261602EFFC2FFD2EE7CFD41FBDEE296" box="[1031,1138,738,758]" country="South Africa" county="North" latitude="-32.383335" longLatPrecision="1211" longitude="20.8" municipality="Postmasburg" name="Sth Africa" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Western Cape">Sth Africa</location>
:
<collectingRegion id="857AF817FFC2FFD2EACEFD59FF4AE36E" box="[181,230,762,782]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Cape</collectingRegion>
<location id="4261602EFFC2FFD2EA94FD59FEB0E36E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF1787E3FFC3FFD2EBD1FE5FFD44E53C:4261602EFFC2FFD2EA94FD59FEB0E36E" box="[239,284,762,782]" country="South Africa" county="North" latitude="-32.383335" longLatPrecision="1211" longitude="20.8" municipality="Postmasburg" name="Prov" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Western Cape">Prov</location>
/
<location id="4261602EFFC2FFD2EB48FD59FE1EE36E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF1787E3FFC3FFD2EBD1FE5FFD44E53C:4261602EFFC2FFD2EB48FD59FE1EE36E" box="[307,434,762,782]" country="South Africa" county="North" latitude="-32.383335" longLatPrecision="1211" longitude="20.8" municipality="Postmasburg" name="Hantamsberg" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Western Cape">Hantamsberg</location>
summit /
<date id="33001035FFC2FFD2E861FD59FD2DE36E" box="[538,641,762,782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1986-11-15">
<collectingDate id="2344E9DDFFC2FFD2E861FD59FD2DE36E" box="[538,641,762,782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1986-11-15">15.xi.1986</collectingDate>
</date>
3119BD /
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E88AFD59FCDEE36E" box="[753,882,762,782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Quickelberge</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E9EEFD59FC62E36E" box="[917,974,762,782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Londt</collectorName>
/
<quantity id="80469B10FFC2FFD2E99EFD59FB83E36E" box="[997,1071,762,782]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" unit="m" value="1600.0">
<elevation id="CC93D1C6FFC2FFD2E99EFD59FB83E36E" box="[997,1071,762,782]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
<location id="4261602EFFC2FFD2EE43FD59FBDAE36E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF1787E3FFC3FFD2EBD1FE5FFD44E53C:4261602EFFC2FFD2EE43FD59FBDAE36E" box="[1080,1142,762,782]" country="South Africa" county="North" latitude="-32.383335" longLatPrecision="1211" longitude="20.8" municipality="Postmasburg" name="Rocky" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Western Cape">Rocky</location>
macchia; 6ơ 7^,
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2EB0FFCB1FE60E346" box="[372,460,786,806]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">S Africa</collectorName>
: N
<collectingRegion id="857AF817FFC2FFD2EB8BFCB1FD8DE346" box="[496,545,786,806]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Cape</collectingRegion>
#31 / Akkerendam Nat. Res. /
<locationDeviation id="56B32FD7FFC2FFD2E92DFCB1FBB9E346" box="[854,1045,786,806]" location="Calvinia" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">
<quantity id="80469B10FFC2FFD2E92DFCB1FC24E346" box="[854,904,786,806]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
N of Calvinia
</locationDeviation>
<quantity id="80469B10FFC2FFD2EE65FCB1FBCBE346" box="[1054,1127,786,806]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" unit="m" value="1260.0">
<elevation id="CC93D1C6FFC2FFD2EE65FCB1FBCBE346" box="[1054,1127,786,806]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" unit="m" value="1260.0">1260 m</elevation>
</quantity>
/
<geoCoordinate id="228A5032FFC2FFD2EACEFC89FE8EE35E" box="[181,290,810,830]" degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-31.44861">31°26'55''S</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate id="228A5032FFC2FFD2EB5EFC89FE34E35E" box="[293,408,810,830]" degrees="19" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" precision="15" seconds="22" value="19.772778">19°46'22''E</geoCoordinate>
/
<date id="33001035FFC2FFD2EBD0FC89FD86E35E" box="[427,554,810,830]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1998-11-09" valueMax="1998-11-10" valueMin="1998-11-09">
<collectingDate id="2344E9DDFFC2FFD2EBD0FC89FD86E35E" box="[427,554,810,830]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1998-11-09" valueMax="1998-11-10" valueMin="1998-11-09">910.xi.1998</collectingDate>
</date>
JGH Londt / Karoo vegetation; 8ơ 7^, Sth Africa: N
<collectingRegion id="857AF817FFC2FFD2EE3EFC89FBDAE35E" box="[1093,1142,810,830]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Cape</collectingRegion>
/
<locationDeviation id="56B32FD7FFC2FFD2EAB8FCE1FE29E336" box="[195,389,834,854]" location="Calvinia" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">
<quantity id="80469B10FFC2FFD2EAB8FCE1FF53E336" box="[195,255,834,854]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
S of Calvinia
</locationDeviation>
/
<geoCoordinate id="228A5032FFC2FFD2EBE1FCE1FDAAE336" box="[410,518,834,854]" degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-31.569445">31°34'10''S</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate id="228A5032FFC2FFD2E871FCE1FDD0E336" box="[522,636,834,854]" degrees="19" direction="east" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" precision="15" seconds="56" value="19.732224">19°43'56''E</geoCoordinate>
/
<date id="33001035FFC2FFD2E8EBFCE1FD47E336" box="[656,747,834,854]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="2002-09-07">
<collectingDate id="2344E9DDFFC2FFD2E8EBFCE1FD47E336" box="[656,747,834,854]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="2002-09-07">7.ix.2002</collectingDate>
</date>
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E889FCE1FCDCE336" box="[754,880,834,854]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">J.G.H. Londt</collectorName>
/
<quantity id="80469B10FFC2FFD2E9FFFCE1FC61E336" box="[900,973,834,854]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" unit="m" value="1080.0">
<elevation id="CC93D1C6FFC2FFD2E9FFFCE1FC61E336" box="[900,973,834,854]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" unit="m" value="1080.0">1080 m</elevation>
</quantity>
<location id="4261602EFFC2FFD2E9A8FCE1FBA2E336" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF1787E3FFC3FFD2EBD1FE5FFD44E53C:4261602EFFC2FFD2E9A8FCE1FBA2E336" box="[979,1038,834,854]" country="South Africa" county="North" latitude="-32.383335" longLatPrecision="1211" longitude="20.8" municipality="Postmasburg" name="Sandy" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Western Cape">Sandy</location>
roadside, Data correction / For ix read xi; 2^ 1?, Sth Africa:
<collectingRegion id="857AF817FFC2FFD2E8C5FCF9FD43E30E" box="[702,751,858,878]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Cape</collectingRegion>
Prov /
<locationDeviation id="56B32FD7FFC2FFD2E94FFCF9FC50E30E" box="[820,1020,858,878]" location="Williston" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">
<quantity id="80469B10FFC2FFD2E94FFCF9FCDCE30E" box="[820,880,858,878]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" unit="km" value="47.0">47 km</quantity>
E of Williston
</locationDeviation>
/
<date id="33001035FFC2FFD2EE74FCF9FBD9E30E" box="[1039,1141,858,878]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1986-11-14">
<collectingDate id="2344E9DDFFC2FFD2EE74FCF9FBD9E30E" box="[1039,1141,858,878]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1986-11-14">14.xi.1986</collectingDate>
</date>
3121AB /
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2EB61FCD1FEFFE3E6" box="[282,339,882,902]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Londt</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2EB09FCD1FE5FE3E6" box="[370,499,882,902]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Quickelberge</collectorName>
/
<quantity id="80469B10FFC2FFD2E87CFCD1FDFCE3E6" box="[519,592,882,902]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" unit="m" value="1280.0">
<elevation id="CC93D1C6FFC2FFD2E87CFCD1FDFCE3E6" box="[519,592,882,902]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" unit="m" value="1280.0">1280 m</elevation>
</quantity>
<location id="4261602EFFC2FFD2E82DFCD1FD38E3E6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF1787E3FFC3FFD2EBD1FE5FFD44E53C:4261602EFFC2FFD2E82DFCD1FD38E3E6" box="[598,660,882,902]" country="South Africa" county="North" latitude="-32.383335" longLatPrecision="1211" longitude="20.8" municipality="Postmasburg" name="Rocky" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Western Cape">Rocky</location>
scrubland; 2ơ,
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E941FCD1FC3DE3E6" box="[826,913,882,902]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">S Africa</collectorName>
:
<collectingRegion id="857AF817FFC2FFD2E9E0FCD1FC60E3E6" box="[923,972,882,902]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Cape</collectingRegion>
#27 /
<locationDeviation id="56B32FD7FFC2FFD2EE71FCD1FE8EE3FE" location="Sutherland" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">
<quantity id="80469B10FFC2FFD2EE71FCD1FBEBE3E6" box="[1034,1095,882,902]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
E of Sutherland
</locationDeviation>
/
<geoCoordinate id="228A5032FFC2FFD2EB45FC29FE21E3FE" box="[318,397,906,926]" degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" precision="925" value="-32.383335">32°23'S</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate id="228A5032FFC2FFD2EBEBFC29FE48E3FE" box="[400,484,906,926]" degrees="20" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" precision="925" value="20.8">20°48'E</geoCoordinate>
<quantity id="80469B10FFC2FFD2EB94FC29FD91E3FE" box="[495,573,906,926]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" unit="m" value="1600.0">
<elevation id="CC93D1C6FFC2FFD2EB94FC29FD91E3FE" box="[495,573,906,926]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
/
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E823FC29FD27E3FE" box="[600,651,906,926]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Date</collectorName>
:
<date id="33001035FFC2FFD2E8E2FC29FCA8E3FE" box="[665,772,906,926]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1990-11-26">
<collectingDate id="2344E9DDFFC2FFD2E8E2FC29FCA8E3FE" box="[665,772,906,926]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1990-11-26">26.xi.1990</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E95BFC29FC35E3FE" box="[800,921,906,926]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Whittington</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E9BAFC29FC50E3FE" box="[961,1020,906,926]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Londt</collectorName>
/
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2EE6CFC29FBFBE3FE" box="[1047,1111,906,926]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Valley</collectorName>
nr
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2EACEFC01FE9BE3D6" box="[181,311,930,950]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Observatory</collectorName>
; 1ơ,
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2EB0BFC01FDAFE3D6" box="[368,515,930,950]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Tankwa Karoo</collectorName>
/
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E861FC01FDDCE3D6" box="[538,624,930,950]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Waterval</collectorName>
[3235S 2025E] / C.P. ~
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E90AFC01FC5EE3D6" box="[881,1010,930,950]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Mus. Exped.</collectorName>
/
<date id="33001035FFC2FFD2EE73FC01FBDEE3D6" box="[1032,1138,930,950]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1952-11">
<collectingDate id="2344E9DDFFC2FFD2EE73FC01FBDEE3D6" box="[1032,1138,930,950]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1952-11">Nov. 1952</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode id="21AFAE30FFC2FFD2EAC7FC19FEA8E3AE" box="[188,260,954,974]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
); 2ơ 2^,
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2EB12FC19FE11E3AE" box="[361,445,954,974]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Capland</collectorName>
/
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2EBAAFC19FDE5E3AE" box="[465,585,954,974]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Willowmore</collectorName>
[3317S 2330E] /
<date id="33001035FFC2FFD2E88FFC19FCCCE3AE" box="[756,864,954,974]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1916-11-20">
<collectingDate id="2344E9DDFFC2FFD2E88FFC19FCCCE3AE" box="[756,864,954,974]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1916-11-20">20.11.1916</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E908FC19FC45E3AE" box="[883,1001,954,974]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Dr. Brauns.</collectorName>
; 1ơ,
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2EE5AFC19FBD9E3AE" box="[1057,1141,954,974]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Capland</collectorName>
/
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2EAB9FC71FE96E386" box="[194,314,978,998]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Willowmore</collectorName>
/
<date id="33001035FFC2FFD2EB37FC71FE13E386" box="[332,447,978,998]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1916-12-01">
<collectingDate id="2344E9DDFFC2FFD2EB37FC71FE13E386" box="[332,447,978,998]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1916-12-01">Dec. 1 1916</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2EBA8FC71FDE5E386" box="[467,585,978,998]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Dr. Brauns.</collectorName>
; 1^,
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E8F2FC71FD71E386" box="[649,733,978,998]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Capland</collectorName>
/
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E88BFC71FCC4E386" box="[752,872,978,998]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Willowmore</collectorName>
/
<date id="33001035FFC2FFD2E901FC71FC4AE386" box="[890,998,978,998]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1916-11-25">
<collectingDate id="2344E9DDFFC2FFD2E901FC71FC4AE386" box="[890,998,978,998]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1916-11-25">25.11.1916</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E983FC71FBC2E386" box="[1016,1134,978,998]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Dr. Brauns.</collectorName>
; 1ơ,
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2EA9BFC49FE98E39E" box="[224,308,1002,1022]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Capland</collectorName>
/
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2EB3CFC49FE12E39E" box="[327,446,1002,1022]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Willowmore</collectorName>
/
<date id="33001035FFC2FFD2EBAAFC49FD9EE39E" box="[465,562,1002,1022]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1916-01-12">
<collectingDate id="2344E9DDFFC2FFD2EBAAFC49FD9EE39E" box="[465,562,1002,1022]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1916-01-12">1.12.1916</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E83EFC49FD17E39E" box="[581,699,1002,1022]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Dr. Brauns.</collectorName>
; 1ơ,
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E888FC49FCEBE39E" box="[755,839,1002,1022]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Capland</collectorName>
/
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E921FC49FC7EE39E" box="[858,978,1002,1022]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Willowmore</collectorName>
/
<date id="33001035FFC2FFD2E99EFC49FBE9E39E" box="[997,1093,1002,1022]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1916-05-12">
<collectingDate id="2344E9DDFFC2FFD2E99EFC49FBE9E39E" box="[997,1093,1002,1022]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1916-05-12">5.12.1916</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2EE23FC49FEABE476" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Dr. Brauns.</collectorName>
; 1ơ,
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2EB3BFBA1FE01E476" box="[320,429,1026,1046]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Resolution</collectorName>
[3318S 2632E] /
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E822FBA1FD7AE476" box="[601,726,1026,1046]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Albany Distr</collectorName>
/
<date id="33001035FFC2FFD2E891FBA1FCFAE476" box="[746,854,1026,1046]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1927-10-17">
<collectingDate id="2344E9DDFFC2FFD2E891FBA1FCFAE476" box="[746,854,1026,1046]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" value="1927-10-17">17.10.1927</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<collectorName id="EA4B5323FFC2FFD2E912FBA1FC7AE476" box="[873,982,1026,1046]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">A. Walton</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="470136F5FFC2FFD2EAB0FBBCFB81E4F3" blockId="15.[181,1143,206,1372]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">
Other material recorded:
<bibRefCitation id="232F4B04FFC2FFD2EBD6FBBCFD96E453" author="OLDROYD, H." box="[429,570,1055,1075]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" pagination="1 - 171" refId="ref30391" refString="OLDROYD, H. 1974. An introduction to the robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) of southern Africa. Annals of the Natal Museum 22 (1): 1 - 171." type="journal article" year="1974">Oldroyd (1974)</bibRefCitation>
gives Willowmore (Brauns), Resolution, Albany Dt. (Walton), S.W.Africa: Seeheim (van Son).TRANSVAAL:Kruger National Park (Potgieter &amp; Strydom).The specimens from Willowmore and Resolution are probably correctly identified. The Kruger National Park material is likely, however, to represent another species.
<bibRefCitation id="232F4B04FFC2FFD2E823FBC4FD5BE41B" author="OLDROYD, H." box="[600,759,1127,1147]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" pagination="1 - 171" refId="ref30391" refString="OLDROYD, H. 1974. An introduction to the robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) of southern Africa. Annals of the Natal Museum 22 (1): 1 - 171." type="journal article" year="1974">Oldroyds (1974)</bibRefCitation>
drawing (his fig. 38) does not agree with
<taxonomicName id="80BE4D76FFC2FFD2EACEFBDCFF4BE4F3" authorityName=": Londt" authorityYear="1994" box="[181,231,1151,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Afroholopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fugax">
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC2FFD2EACEFBDCFF4BE4F3" box="[181,231,1151,1171]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">fugax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and is likely to represent a male from Seeheim as it agrees well with
<taxonomicName id="80BE4D76FFC2FFD2E925FBDCFC22E4F3" authorityName="Londt" authorityYear="2005" box="[862,910,1151,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Afroholopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xeros">
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC2FFD2E925FBDCFC22E4F3" box="[862,910,1151,1171]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">xeros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described below.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="470136F5FFC2FFD2EACEFB3DFC23E577" blockId="15.[181,1143,206,1372]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">
Distribution (Table 1), phenology (Table 2) and biology: Fairly widely distributed in the south-western parts of
<collectingCountry id="3FA97665FFC2FFD2EB90FB1DFD2CE4B7" box="[491,640,1214,1239]" name="South Africa" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">South Africa</collectingCountry>
. Found mainly in the Succulent Karoo and Nama-Karoo biomes (
<figureCitation id="DF852A70FFC2FFD2EBD0FB7DFE51E497" box="[427,509,1246,1271]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[182,215,875,895]" captionTargetBox="[277,1042,198,860]" captionTargetId="figure-9@47.[277,1042,198,860]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig. 77. Southern African distribution of Afroholopogon Londt, 1994 species: africanus closed circle, anassa open circle, chirundu closed square, fugax open square, vumba closed triangle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666880" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666880/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">Fig. 77</figureCitation>
). The species flies from October to December. Specimens have been collected among low woody plants in fairly arid areas.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="470136F5FFC2FFD2EACEFA80FD44E53C" blockId="15.[181,1143,206,1372]" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">
Similar species: Superficially similar to
<taxonomicName id="80BE4D76FFC2FFD2E80EFA87FD18E55C" authorityName="Londt" authorityYear="2005" box="[629,692,1316,1340]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Afroholopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argos">
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC2FFD2E80EFA87FD18E55C" box="[629,692,1316,1340]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">argos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="80BE4D76FFC2FFD2E892FA87FC9FE55C" authorityName="Londt" authorityYear="2005" box="[745,819,1316,1340]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Afroholopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspros">
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC2FFD2E892FA87FC9FE55C" box="[745,819,1316,1340]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">aspros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but considered most similar to
<taxonomicName id="80BE4D76FFC2FFD2EAA9FAE7FE9BE53C" authorityName="Londt" authorityYear="2005" box="[210,311,1348,1372]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Afroholopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chirundu">
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC2FFD2EAA9FAE7FE9BE53C" box="[210,311,1348,1372]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">chirundu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="80BE4D76FFC2FFD2EB3EFAE7FE19E53C" authorityName="Londt" authorityYear="2005" box="[325,437,1348,1372]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Afroholopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanystylos">
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC2FFD2EB3EFAE7FE19E53C" box="[325,437,1348,1372]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">tanystylos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="80BE4D76FFC2FFD2EB97FAE7FD84E53C" authorityName="Londt" authorityYear="2005" box="[492,552,1348,1372]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Afroholopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xeros">
<emphasis id="75CAEAE7FFC2FFD2EB97FAE7FD84E53C" box="[492,552,1348,1372]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="218">xeros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see discussion).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>