124 lines
14 KiB
XML
124 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document id="81AF997B4CF67AFF2B8A5F58171881B0" ID-CLB-Dataset="34806" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.543.6300" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4cdb06af-7b47-4eb1-8428-1246ce24b387" ID-PMC="PMC4714329" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-543-129" ID-PubMed="26798288" ID-ZooBank="6207EFB5986A488E9DCF398870405E4D" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-543-129" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 543" ModsDocTitle="Systematics and biology of XylocopasubgenusSchonnherria (Hymenoptera, Apidae) in Argentina" checkinTime="1451243645828" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lucia, Mariano, Gonzalez, Victor H. & Abrahamovich, Alberto H." docDate="2015" docId="B145CF469F78D0F393777B1356C3A8E4" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 543: 129-167" docOrigin="ZooKeys 543" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.543.6300" docTitle="Xylocopa chrysopoda Schrottky 1902" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="139" masterDocId="077FFFC2FFF3053EFFEE63450E2CFF82" masterDocTitle="Systematics and biology of XylocopasubgenusSchonnherria (Hymenoptera, Apidae) in Argentina" masterLastPageNumber="167" masterPageNumber="129" pageNumber="136" updateTime="1701374044163" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="F4672CD366889345B693FBD6CD8EF295" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="2BB45B5FCCBC5394C59A0AE1CA9DB63F">
|
||
<mods:title id="E6C49136CBFA88D018725B88F81C74FA">Systematics and biology of XylocopasubgenusSchonnherria (Hymenoptera, Apidae) in Argentina</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="66840A0970515A620D89CABF89722FB6" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="E5E0C5E3CC2C75680536B81EFCCC17C0">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="973274D8B8A1BB87EBD282DD549F87DC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="BF7DAF65AA66426432E7EBD26D1597B8">Lucia, Mariano</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="4147311EB1E46AC88EE25D4E408A20FF" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="8A35F3ED600FD8E54407861C8564F396">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="5FB9FA1514F52154AAA969144EB564B2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="78774D8D301B10ADD7CDFEDF40995AE1">Gonzalez, Victor H.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="29333B9DB6288DE604C6CBFC78337732" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="AD601BAD427739CF657859217EB2020E">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="BCB700B8868718519A4050727DD2D076">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="305F8CD62C66C253CFB71E4473AF6CBA">Abrahamovich, Alberto H.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="7390BECEAC8DD96BEBD6585A52F36BD8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="5CB8F9AC8AD1B8B0DD1FDAC6D3A6FF0F" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="D597B6B37950A85F3DE37DF538227F69">
|
||
<mods:title id="69CE4A40138F2C2D02BC857F7110E73E">ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="6CD1E4703F235E62D8D76BC0DA52EBE6">
|
||
<mods:date id="E94C7E95C29DAC2E2DB07A664247B032">2015</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="F55AB6D44EA3B1CC9742B45F0BDAD655" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="581EB376084B675B78EAF1E103360E56">543</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="A6AB07C69F4549934E71B384EC201C3D" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="1F3C3C881D5CABAFFBF21D8BE843B785">129</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="93300E5BE84FEA31DEA8C0E492FB938F">167</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="A14CACA2E21FC86C1FC4538917665722">
|
||
<mods:url id="5B3143B12F45DCE4F7E43E2894C54729">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.543.6300</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="3215E56BED7492F526C2F15FDC79EF4A">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B014738B10D0F25AE03948E2F42320FE" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.543.6300</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="14CA873AB0CD0F82D4BBDF4DCDB83838" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-543-129</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="64ED71B94913C1BEC8C5198E5685B2E7" type="ZooBank">6207EFB5986A488E9DCF398870405E4D</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="B145CF469F78D0F393777B1356C3A8E4" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127878657" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B145CF469F78D0F393777B1356C3A8E4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B145CF469F78D0F393777B1356C3A8E4" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="7" pageNumber="136">
|
||
<subSubSection id="D6B1CEE119F31E6898EA4D706855A6C3" pageId="7" pageNumber="136" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="4BF1A70DB847D2BFAD50E75DE0238B92" pageId="7" pageNumber="136">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Apidae</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EDD11BB0EDE4C720254F7E4C5C02FA83" pageId="7" pageNumber="136" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="4CD5B2144305C4EE7E41C171C0B9A875" pageId="7" pageNumber="136">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4316FD5A93DA4D0A125E4804C8ED45E8" ID-CoL="5CKR7" authority="Schrottky, 1902" authorityName="Schrottky" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylocopa chrysopoda" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysopoda">Xylocopa chrysopoda Schrottky, 1902</taxonomicName>
|
||
Figures 8, 20, 26, 31, 36, 41, 58
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5571FA4F1460FA9453753C979D7877BF" pageId="8" pageNumber="137" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="0AF762D8C5F235635361503C4B42EDA8" pageId="8" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2A2D558AAA5473FB8AA8EDE5E2AB33E0" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylocopa chrysopoda" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysopoda">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="8EFC4A9038FAEC13A42D268520DBE134" pageId="8" pageNumber="137" start="start">Xylocopa</pageBreakToken>
|
||
chrysopoda
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Schrottky, 1901: 214 (nomen nudum)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="68711323ABA45A6D4EB73343584B3DA9" pageId="8" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7ECC24D5AFA56251B46804F0A0DE59A4" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylocopa chrysopoda" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysopoda">Xylocopa chrysopoda</taxonomicName>
|
||
Schrottky, 1902: 475 (holotype: MZUSP; ♂,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9A10C06BE733630C2D0597702EBD43DE" originalValue="Jundiaí">Jundiai</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A8AED6D6BEC654905656A9FC92DA0EFA" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Paulo, Brazil) (examined)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C6A71A488E9CD227544E4FDBF85074C8" pageId="8" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9864B6082391B79FC6811B36F0381ACB" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylocopa (Ioxylocopa) chrysopoda" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysopoda" subGenus="Ioxylocopa">Xylocopa (Ioxylocopa) chrysopoda</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BB54524008076DD23D7FEE1DC6BF15FB" author="Hurd, Jr PD" journalOrPublisher="University of California Publications in Entomology" pageId="28" pageNumber="157" pagination="1 - 365" title="A classification on the large carpenter bees (Xylocopini) (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)." volume="29" year="1963">Hurd and Moure 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 116.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D10D5B0ECA7269628F4F091E7FD4429D" pageId="8" pageNumber="137" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="B7A744D0272178CD7B979B9DD40EA7AE" pageId="8" pageNumber="137">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BF3838E40F640CE7A6F363A384A79D6D" pageId="8" pageNumber="137">
|
||
This species is known only from the male. It can be distinguished from other Argentinean species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6858448157592935D969C2E2D4BF3EA1" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Scarabaeoidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scarabaeoidea (Schonnherria)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Schonnherria">Schonnherria</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the following combination of characters: small body size (body length 17.0-17.7); integument dark brown to black throughout, at most with faint metallic highliths on metasomal terga; compound eyes not enlarged, parallel or nearly so (Fig. 8); metasomal terga uniformly punctate, punctures separated by 1-2 times a puncture width, with distinctly long (≥ 2.0 OD) setae on discs (Fig. 20).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="394962AE2D4E24E077681811DB1B9BF3" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="8" pageNumber="137" type="male">
|
||
<paragraph id="A50632178924CB8C4343DB4EDD4BA46C" pageId="8" pageNumber="137">Male.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9F40CC0B5F05467D2EC3EAA061932AC0" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="8" pageNumber="137">
|
||
Body length 17.3 (17.0-17.7); head length 3.5 (3.5-3.6); head width 4.4; mesosoma width 6.0; metasoma width 6.7 (6.6-6.8); forewing length 14; forewing width 3.5 (3.4-3.6). Coloration. Integument dark brown to black except tarsi light reddish brown and cream to yellow maculations as follows: outer surface of mandible (except margins), clypeus, supraclypeal area basally, and paraocular area (except on upper one-third) (Fig. 8). Wings sybhyaline, yellowish, with weak coppery highlights. Pubescence. Long, dense, predominantly yellowish, setae dark brown to black on vertex, metafemur basally, dorsal surface of metatibia, and discs of T2-T7 (variably mixed with yellowish setae) (Fig. 20). Sculpturing. Integument largely imbricate among punctures, nearly smooth and shiny on outer surface of mandible, labrum, maculate areas of face, and discs of mesoscutum and mesocutellum. Upper paraocular area, frons, and interocellar area with coarse, contiguous punctures; vertex and gena with punctures sparser than on upper paraocular area. Discs of mesoscutum and mesoscutellum largely impunctate, otherwise punctures shallower than and about as dense as those on vertex. Discs of metasomal terga uniformly punctate, setiferous punctures circular to ovoid, separated by 1-2 times a puncture width, distal margins impunctate (Fig. 20); sterna more densely punctate than on terga. Structure. Head broader than long (1.2-1.3:1); compound eyes not enlarged, parallel or nearly so (Fig. 8); proportion of upper to lower interocular distance 0.9-1:1; upper interocular distance 6.3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7F2DC16E4358CF39D312DF2B9DA603AF" originalValue="–6.9×">-6.9x</normalizedToken>
|
||
OD; middle interocular distance 2.60; distance between median ocellus and posterior margin of vertex 2.6-2.7 OD; orbitoccipital distance 0.60; lateral ocelli on supraorbital line; interocellar distance to ocelocular distance 1.2-1.3:1; interocellar to ocelloccipital 0.5-1.1:1; ocellocular to alveolocellar 0.5-0.6:1; orbitoccipital to ocellocular
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="F485F60E9EB39BE4F3EAAA630B035780" pageId="9" pageNumber="138" start="start">1.2</pageBreakToken>
|
||
-1.5:1; alveolocular to interalveolar 1.1-1.2:1; clypeoalveolar distance 1.5 times longitudinal diameter of antennal socket; clypeocellar distance to distance between median ocellus and posterior margin of head 1.4-1.5:1; frontal carina elevated, short 0.8-0.9; clypeus broader than long, 0.6:1; proportion of length of scape, pedicel and F1-F4: 2.3:0.4:1:0.4:0.5:0.6, respectively. Mesoscutellum nearly flat, exposed, along
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="3922AD6B7EC5C500DFDE1962C6D5EACB" pageId="10" pageNumber="139" start="start">same</pageBreakToken>
|
||
inclined plane with metanotum and base of propodeum; metatibia apically swollen on inner surface. Genitalia as in Figs 26, 31, 36, 41.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D02DAACD92E92D359E1D6DA97F79EE36" pageId="10" pageNumber="139" type="female">
|
||
<paragraph id="162E45902AF0580C85CFD390DEEAF82A" pageId="10" pageNumber="139">Female.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC520BC6D7B65330162543FE9D5D45BC" pageId="10" pageNumber="139">Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A138A3EF32DAD95B8ED3A6D3194B2FED" pageId="10" pageNumber="139" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="B454CD65464B4B35D194B69635BDC16F" pageId="10" pageNumber="139">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B0DF947D30A8E32CF9CC5A4DBC0171CA" pageId="10" pageNumber="139">This species is known only from Brazil and the province of Misiones in Argentina, the latter area included in the Paranaense biogeographic province (Fig. 58).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BD600F5BE376C93B573B6A86BDA14B06" pageId="10" pageNumber="139" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph id="3CCA387A1827EBA9B8BC16A4B3BAFEC3" pageId="10" pageNumber="139">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5E27BBE7D8FAC1BB34265F4A58A4AFBF" pageId="10" pageNumber="139">
|
||
Schrottky (1912) suggested that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37E1CC363AA75D55D8385B0D78E874D8" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylocopa chrysopoda" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysopoda">Xylocopa chrysopoda</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1A96A94177FE1D10A8001F85D1FE6B12" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylocopa pulchra" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchra">Xylocopa pulchra</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species currently known from the female sex. As for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ECD93CD5C8CA50414FD2E8E594FCBD2F" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylocopa bambusae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bambusae">Xylocopa bambusae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, these two species are rarely collected and are currently known from a limited number of specimens. We did not collect nor examine specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01CE136AD6D444864BA40C1B0B41E842" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylocopa chrysopoda" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysopoda">Xylocopa chrysopoda</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Argentina captured in the last 100 years.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |