239 lines
20 KiB
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239 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624" ID-PMC="PMC6908509" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-135-105" ID-Pensoft-UUID="833366A1092A506D8C9D379AFC26365D" ID-PubMed="31849562" ModsDocID="1314-2003-135-105" checkinTime="1575564999394" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pereira, Jovani B. S., Giulietti, Ana Maria, Pott, Vali J. & Watanabe, Mauricio T. C." docDate="2019" docId="978D4FE713F75BBE8CF9D39EEB8AB6ED" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 135: 105-117" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 135" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624" docTitle="Isoetes gardneriana Kunze ex A. Braun, Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 4: 330. 1862" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="833366A1092A506D8C9D379AFC26365D" lastPageNumber="105" masterDocId="833366A1092A506D8C9D379AFC26365D" masterDocTitle="Rediscovering two Isoetes species in the Brazilian Amazon and Cerrado after 167 years" masterLastPageNumber="117" masterPageNumber="105" pageNumber="105" updateTime="1668139551366" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Rediscovering two Isoetes species in the Brazilian Amazon and Cerrado after 167 years</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pereira, Jovani B. S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Giulietti, Ana Maria</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pott, Vali J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Watanabe, Mauricio T. C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>135</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>105</mods:start>
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<mods:end>117</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-135-105</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">833366A1092A506D8C9D379AFC26365D</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="160631072" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:978D4FE713F75BBE8CF9D39EEB8AB6ED" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/978D4FE713F75BBE8CF9D39EEB8AB6ED" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="105" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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<taxonomicName LSID="978D4FE7-13F7-5BBE-8CF9-D39EEB8AB6ED" authority="Kunze ex A. Braun, Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 4: 330. 1862." class="Lycopodiopsida" family="Isoetaceae" genus="Isoetes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Isoetes gardneriana" order="Isoetales" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gardneriana">Isoetes gardneriana Kunze ex A. Braun, Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 4: 330. 1862.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="105" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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Stems globose, 2.5-4 cm wide, 3 or 4-lobate. Leaves 1.0-1.8 mm wide at mid length, 32-45 cm long, 30-90 per individual, linear, straight, ascending, apex acute; alae 7-15 cm long, extending from the base 1/5-2/5 of total leaf length, hyaline or light brown, chartaceous, attenuate. Subula present, olive green, trigonal. Labium present, 2.5-3.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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4-6 mm, cordate. Ligule not observed. Velum> 0.4 mm along the lateral edges of the sporangium, rudimentary. Sclerified phyllopodia absent. Sporangium at the base of the leaf, 8-18
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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4.3-7 mm, oblong, hyaline, brown dots absent. Megaspores grey, 490-650
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in equatorial diameter (average = 540
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), trilete; laesures higher than wide, 40-50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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11-16
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; proximal surface tuberculate, macrosculptural projections 20-39
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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13-24
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; equatorial ridges arched, straight; distal surface tuberculate, projections 24-44
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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17-34
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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. Microspores 33-40
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long (average = 37
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), proximal and distal surface smooth or sparsely microechinate.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="105" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Brazil. Province of Goyaz: Missiones Duro, Sept 1841, Gardner 3563, (holotype: B! [B200107577]; isotype: BM [BM000097912,] E! [E00429095], K! [K000574505]).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="105" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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Despite our intensive fieldwork efforts in the Brazilian Cerrado,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. gardneriana" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="gardneriana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">I. gardneriana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was only rediscovered in Terenos in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul at the geographical coordinates
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<geoCoordinate degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="32" value="-20.558887">20°33'32"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="54" direction="west" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="23" value="-54.789722">54°47'23"W</geoCoordinate>
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. This area is located at about 1200 km away from its type location (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Geographic distribution, habit and habitat of Isoetes amazonica and I. gardneriana A location where Isoetes amazonica and I. gardneriana were rediscovered in Brazil (type location of I. gardneriana in blue pentagon) B-C Isoetes amazonica (Pereira 1015, MG): B habitat C habit D-E Isoetes gardneriana (Pereira 1028, MG): D habitat E habit." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362557" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" tableDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624.figure1">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
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). It was collected there by both Vali Pott in September 2010 (Pott 11018, CGMS) and Jovani Pereira in November 2017 (Pereira 1028, MG) after 167 and 175 years, respectively. Although these records were far from the type location, habitat and morphology of this newly collected population are almost identical to the type.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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<taxonomicName class="Lycopodiopsida" family="Isoetaceae" genus="Isoetes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Isoetes gardneriana" order="Isoetales" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gardneriana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Isoetes gardneriana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was found in a pond along with
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<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhynchospora corymbosa" order="Cyperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="corymbosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Rhynchospora corymbosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(L.) Britton,
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Pontederiaceae" genus="Pontederia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pontederia cordata" order="Commelinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Pontederia cordata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L. and
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<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Xyridaceae" genus="Xyris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xyris" order="Commelinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Xyris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp. (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Geographic distribution, habit and habitat of Isoetes amazonica and I. gardneriana A location where Isoetes amazonica and I. gardneriana were rediscovered in Brazil (type location of I. gardneriana in blue pentagon) B-C Isoetes amazonica (Pereira 1015, MG): B habitat C habit D-E Isoetes gardneriana (Pereira 1028, MG): D habitat E habit." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362557" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" tableDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624.figure1">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
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). This pond occurred by the side of a
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“vereda”">"vereda"</normalizedToken>
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, which showed a clay and hydromorphic soil and an open vegetation physiognomy with the presence of numerous
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“buriti”">"buriti"</normalizedToken>
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palms (
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Mauritia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mauritia flexuosa" order="Arecales" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="flexuosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Mauritia flexuosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L.f.) that grow over a dense herbaceous stratum. The life form of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. gardneriana" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="gardneriana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">I. gardneriana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was of a partially submerged aquatic in September, although in November, plants were found both partially and totally submerged (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Geographic distribution, habit and habitat of Isoetes amazonica and I. gardneriana A location where Isoetes amazonica and I. gardneriana were rediscovered in Brazil (type location of I. gardneriana in blue pentagon) B-C Isoetes amazonica (Pereira 1015, MG): B habitat C habit D-E Isoetes gardneriana (Pereira 1028, MG): D habitat E habit." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362557" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" tableDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624.figure1">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
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). The total monthly precipitations were 127 and 315.8 mm in September 2010 and November 2017, respectively (
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<bibRefCitation author="CEMTEC / MS" journalOrPublisher="Biological Conservation" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" publicationUrl="http://www.cemtec.ms.gov.br/boletins-meteorologicos" refId="B2" refString="CEMTEC/MS, 2019. Centro de Monitoramento do Tempo e Clima no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. http://www.cemtec.ms.gov.br/boletins-meteorologicos" title="Centro de Monitoramento do Tempo e Clima no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil." url="http://www.cemtec.ms.gov.br/boletins-meteorologicos" year="2019">CEMTEC/MS 2019</bibRefCitation>
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). The average monthly maximum and minimum temperatures were 32 and 22 °C, respectively (
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<bibRefCitation author="CEMTEC / MS" journalOrPublisher="Biological Conservation" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" publicationUrl="http://www.cemtec.ms.gov.br/boletins-meteorologicos" refId="B2" refString="CEMTEC/MS, 2019. Centro de Monitoramento do Tempo e Clima no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. http://www.cemtec.ms.gov.br/boletins-meteorologicos" title="Centro de Monitoramento do Tempo e Clima no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil." url="http://www.cemtec.ms.gov.br/boletins-meteorologicos" year="2019">CEMTEC/MS 2019</bibRefCitation>
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). The maximum and minimum temperature averages were 32.7 and 19.6 °C, respectively, in September 2010. In November 2017, the average monthly maximum and minimum temperatures were 30.7 and 20 °C, respectively (
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<bibRefCitation author="CEMTEC / MS" journalOrPublisher="Biological Conservation" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" publicationUrl="http://www.cemtec.ms.gov.br/boletins-meteorologicos" refId="B2" refString="CEMTEC/MS, 2019. Centro de Monitoramento do Tempo e Clima no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. http://www.cemtec.ms.gov.br/boletins-meteorologicos" title="Centro de Monitoramento do Tempo e Clima no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil." url="http://www.cemtec.ms.gov.br/boletins-meteorologicos" year="2019">CEMTEC/MS 2019</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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Morphologically, the individuals have ascending leaves, rudimentary vela, elliptic sporangia and 3-lobate corms (or more rarely 4). The megaspores are brown, sparsely verrucate, 490-650
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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diameter (vs. 548-615
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), with knife-like laesurae (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mega- and microspores of Isoetes amazonica and I. gardneriana." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362558" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" tableDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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). The microspores are echinate, 33-40
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long (vs. 34-38
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Mega- and microspores of Isoetes amazonica and I. gardneriana." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362558" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" tableDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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On the other hand, none of the analysed herbarium collections appeared (Balansa 3294, Irwin 31615 and Labiak 5783) to be
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. gardneriana" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="gardneriana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">I. gardneriana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The megaspores of these collections are both qualitatively and quantitatively distinct from the type of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. gardneriana" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="gardneriana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">I. gardneriana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The Balansa and Labiak collections have baculate-tuberculate megaspores and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Irwin’s">Irwin's</normalizedToken>
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collection revealed baculate-clavate megaspores (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Megaspores of the variants of Isoetes panamensis sensu lato." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362559" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" tableDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624.figure3">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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), which confirm that these materials represent variants of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. panamensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="panamensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">I. panamensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">s.l.</emphasis>
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Additionally, the macro-ornamentation projections of the megaspores of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. gardneriana" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="gardneriana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">I. gardneriana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are, in general, narrower and shorter than those found in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. panamensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="panamensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">I. panamensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">s.l.</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Boxplots showing quantitatively the variation in the size of the macro-ornamentation projections of the megaspores of I. gardneriana and I. panamensis sensu lato. In the proximal surface, the projects of the macro-ornamentation are narrower and shorter in I. gardneriana than in I. panamensis s. l. In the distal surface, the macro-ornamentation projections are slightly narrower and considerably shorter in I. gardneriana than in I. panamensis s. l .." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362560" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" tableDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624.figure4">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362559" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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Megaspores of the variants of
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<taxonomicName class="Lycopodiopsida" family="Isoetaceae" genus="Isoetes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Isoetes panamensis" order="Isoetales" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Isoetes panamensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">sensu lato.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362560" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Figure 4.</emphasis>
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Boxplots showing quantitatively the variation in the size of the macro-ornamentation projections of the megaspores of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. gardneriana" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="gardneriana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">I. gardneriana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. panamensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="panamensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">I. panamensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">sensu lato.</emphasis>
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In the proximal surface, the projects of the macro-ornamentation are narrower and shorter in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. gardneriana" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="gardneriana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">I. gardneriana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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than in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. panamensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="panamensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">I. panamensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">s.l.</emphasis>
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In the distal surface, the macro-ornamentation projections are slightly narrower and considerably shorter in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. gardneriana" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="gardneriana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">I. gardneriana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. panamensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="panamensis">I. panamensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
s.l..
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |