265 lines
30 KiB
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265 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.79.e64325" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a68ac12f-87f8-412b-83e6-86b3f20109f6" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183550475" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1864-8312-79-309" ID-Pensoft-UUID="EA5AA50B7FC95C85A3A4B20F6A751940" ID-ZooBank="E4C130CF221E4C43BC7BD1083120CFD9" ModsDocID="1864-8312-79-309" checkinTime="1626449887957" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Li, Ning, Wang, Ji-Shen & Hua, Bao-Zhen" docDate="2021" docId="9754D376323A5163BBC37F4827A87CCD" docLanguage="en" docName="ArthropodSystPhyl 79: 309-342" docOrigin="Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 79" docPubDate="2021-07-15" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.79.e64325" docTitle="Panorpa gaokaii Li & Wang & Hua 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="EA5AA50B7FC95C85A3A4B20F6A751940" lastPageNumber="309" masterDocId="EA5AA50B7FC95C85A3A4B20F6A751940" masterDocTitle="Morphological phylogenetic analyses and taxonomic revision of the Panorpa davidi group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae)" masterLastPageNumber="342" masterPageNumber="309" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" updateTime="1632023702204" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Morphological phylogenetic analyses and taxonomic revision of the Panorpa davidi group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Li, Ning</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Ning Li [liningning @ nwafu. edu. cn]; Ji-Shen Wang [wangjishen 826 @ gmail. com]</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wang, Ji-Shen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Ning Li [liningning @ nwafu. edu. cn]; Ji-Shen Wang [wangjishen 826 @ gmail. com]</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hua, Bao-Zhen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Ning Li [liningning @ nwafu. edu. cn]; Ji-Shen Wang [wangjishen 826 @ gmail. com]</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">huabzh@nwafu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-07-15</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>79</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>309</mods:start>
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<mods:end>342</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.79.e64325</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.79.e64325</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1864-8312-79-309</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">E4C130CF221E4C43BC7BD1083120CFD9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">EA5AA50B7FC95C85A3A4B20F6A751940</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="183550475" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9754D376323A5163BBC37F4827A87CCD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9754D376323A5163BBC37F4827A87CCD" lastPageNumber="309" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
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<taxonomicName LSID="9754D376-323A-5163-BBC3-7F4827A87CCD" authority="Li & Wang & Hua, 2021" authorityName="Li & Wang & Hua" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Panorpidae" genus="Panorpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Panorpa gaokaii" order="Mecoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaokaii" status="sp. nov.">Panorpa gaokaii</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Live adult habitus and habitat of Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov. A - B Male, lateral and dorsal views. C. Habitat in Shennongjia, Hubei. Photos by Kai Gao." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567053" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Figs 13</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">, 14</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
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This species can be recognized by the following features: (1) frons and occiput yellowish brown (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14A-C</figureCitation>
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); (2) vertex with broad black transverse band passing through ocellar triangle, extending to inner margins of compound eyes (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14A-C</figureCitation>
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); (3) forewing with pterostigma brown; apical band indistinctly faint brown, greatly reduced; other bands and spots absent (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Live adult habitus and habitat of Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov. A - B Male, lateral and dorsal views. C. Habitat in Shennongjia, Hubei. Photos by Kai Gao." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567053" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">13A-B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14A-B</figureCitation>
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); in males, (4) meso- and metanotum pale brown, with broad pale yellow mesal stripe extending to T3 (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Live adult habitus and habitat of Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov. A - B Male, lateral and dorsal views. C. Habitat in Shennongjia, Hubei. Photos by Kai Gao." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567053" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">13B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14A</figureCitation>
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); (5) A6 uniformly black, projected on dorsal apex with sparse long brown setae (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14D</figureCitation>
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); (6) gonocoxites bearing cluster of black setae on inner apex (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14F-G</figureCitation>
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); (7) parameres crossed, twisted in S-shape, reaching apex of gonocoxites (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14H</figureCitation>
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); in females, (8) medigynium with main plate broad, long, twice as long as wide; a pair of large lateral basal plates reaching three-fourths of length of main plate; posterior arms half length of main plate; axis extended beyond main plate for half of its length anteriorly, extruded posteriorly (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14K-L</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567053" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Figure 13.</emphasis>
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Live adult habitus and habitat of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Li & Wang & Hua" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Panorpidae" genus="Panorpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Panorpa gaokaii" order="Mecoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaokaii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Panorpa gaokaii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">A</emphasis>
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-
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">B</emphasis>
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Male, lateral and dorsal views.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">C</emphasis>
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. Habitat in Shennongjia, Hubei. Photos by Kai Gao.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">The specific epithet is dedicated to Kai Gao, the collector of the type specimens, for his support to this research.</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Figure 14.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Li & Wang & Hua" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Panorpidae" genus="Panorpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Panorpa gaokaii" order="Mecoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaokaii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Panorpa gaokaii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">A</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">C</emphasis>
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-
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">I</emphasis>
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. Male.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">A</emphasis>
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. Habitus, dorsal view.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">C</emphasis>
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. Head, frontal view.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">D</emphasis>
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. Habitus, lateral view.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">E</emphasis>
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-
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">G</emphasis>
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. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">H</emphasis>
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-
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">I</emphasis>
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. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">B</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">J</emphasis>
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-
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">L</emphasis>
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. Female.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">B</emphasis>
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. Habitus, dorsal view.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">J</emphasis>
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. Terminalia, ventral view.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">K</emphasis>
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-
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">L</emphasis>
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. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3323412368" collectingDate="2018-07-01" collectorName="Kai Gao" country="CHINA" elevation="1800" location="Shennongjia National Nature Reserve" specimenCount="♂" stateProvince="Hubei Prov." typeStatus="Holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<collectingCountry name="China">CHINA</collectingCountry>
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-
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
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<collectingRegion country="China" name="Hubei">Hubei Prov.</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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;
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9754D376323A5163BBC37F4827A87CCD:E7860B1C335006F0727674E502EF28EA" country="CHINA" name="Shennongjia National Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Hubei Prov.">Shennongjia National Nature Reserve</location>
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;
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<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="1800.0">
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.
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</elevation>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2018-07-01">1 Jul. 2018</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>Kai Gao</collectorName>
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leg.
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3323412301" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Kai Gao" country="CHINA" elevation="1800" location="Hubei Prov." specimenCount="17" specimenCount-female="10" specimenCount-male="7" stateProvince="Hubei Prov." typeStatus="Paratypes">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
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<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<collectingCountry name="China">CHINA</collectingCountry>
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-
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
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<collectingRegion country="China" name="Hubei">Hubei Prov.</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<specimenCount type="male">7 ♂♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">10 ♀♀</specimenCount>
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; same data as holotype
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Measurements.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Male: FL = 13.3-14.3 mm, FW = 3.7-3.9 mm; HL = 12.0-13.0 mm, HW = 3.5-3.6 mm. Female: FL = 13.9-14.2 mm, FW = 3.7-3.8 mm; HL = 2.8-13.1 mm, HW = 3.4-3.5 mm.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Male: Head</emphasis>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Live adult habitus and habitat of Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov. A - B Male, lateral and dorsal views. C. Habitat in Shennongjia, Hubei. Photos by Kai Gao." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567053" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">13A-B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14A, C</figureCitation>
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): Frons and occiput yellowish brown; vertex with broad black transverse band passing through ocellar triangle and extending to inner margins of compound eyes. Rostrum yellow, with labrum brown; labial and maxillary palps yellowish brown basally, gradually darkening toward apex, with apical segment dark brown. Antennal scape ununiformly brownish black; pedicel and flagellum dark brown, filiform, with 35-39 flagellomeres.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Thorax</emphasis>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Live adult habitus and habitat of Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov. A - B Male, lateral and dorsal views. C. Habitat in Shennongjia, Hubei. Photos by Kai Gao." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567053" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">13A-B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14A, D</figureCitation>
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): Pronotum unevenly pale brown, with two dark-brown transverse stripes, bearing 10-14 black setae along anterior margin; meso- and metanotum pale brown, with broad pale to pale yellow mesal stripe. Pleura pale yellow. Legs yellowish brown with tarsi darkened toward apices.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Wings</emphasis>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Live adult habitus and habitat of Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov. A - B Male, lateral and dorsal views. C. Habitat in Shennongjia, Hubei. Photos by Kai Gao." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567053" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">13A-B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14A</figureCitation>
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): Membrane hyaline. Forewing with pterostigma reddish brown. Apical band indistinctly faint brown, greatly reduced, arranged between R2a1 and R5 or M1. Hindwing similar to forewing, but slightly smaller with reduced markings.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Abdomen</emphasis>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Live adult habitus and habitat of Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov. A - B Male, lateral and dorsal views. C. Habitat in Shennongjia, Hubei. Photos by Kai Gao." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567053" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">13A-B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14A, D</figureCitation>
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): T2 and T3 unevenly pale with lateral and posterior margins dark brown. Notal organ of T3 flat rectangular, covering acute postnotal organ on anterior portion of T4. T4-T6 black brown. A6 projected on dorsal apex with long brown setae. A7 and A8 elongate, uniformly yellow, constricted basally.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Genitalia</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14E-I</figureCitation>
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): Genital bulb oval, yellow. Epandrium broad basally, bearing dense setae distally, with deep terminal emargination. Cercus long clavate, slightly expanded towards apex. Hypandrium with shortened basal stalk; hypovalves long and broad, reaching apex of gonocoxites; each hypovalve rounded at apex, bearing long dense setae along apical half and shorter setae along basal half on inner margin. Gonocoxites bearing cluster of stout black setae on inner apex. Gonostylus with large basal cup and obtuse triangular median tooth. Parameres twisted in S-shape, crossed mesally, bearing dense short spines on inner margin. Dorsal valves of aedeagus slender, strongly curved ventrally; with circular dorsal process on middle portion. Ventral valves shortened. Lateral process distinctly triangled. -
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Female</emphasis>
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: Similar to male in body coloration except, T3 uniformly dark brown in most females and small portion pale in a few specimens. Wing markings similar to males (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14B</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Genitalia</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14J-L</figureCitation>
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): Subgenital plate broad subbasally, narrowing into subtriangular and indistinctly distal emarginate, bearing long setae on caudal and lateral margins. Medigynium with well-developed main plate, nearly rectangular, twice as long as wide; lateral basal plates broad, long, reaching three-fourths length of main plate, each basal plate formed by two pieces of sclerotized structures basally connected by membrane; posterior arms half length of main plate, forming deep U-shaped emargination; axis elongated, bifurcated anteriorly, extended beyond main plate for half of its length, with posterior slightly extruded.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">China: Hubei.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
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This new species resembles
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<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. bashanicola" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="bashanicola">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">P. bashanicola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in appearance, but can be readily differentiated from the latter by the following characters: (1) wing with apical band narrow (cf. absence); (2) 1A ending beyond (cf. before) the origin of Rs; (3) forewing usually longer than 13 mm (cf. shorter than 13 mm).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |