341 lines
28 KiB
XML
341 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.995.55981" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5511845a-acc4-48f1-8393-122e0e6774f5" ID-PMC="PMC7688620" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-995-15" ID-Pensoft-UUID="3BDC6A2E542F5B90BBF409B8C6D97139" ID-PubMed="33281467" ID-ZooBank="8E2B2797295F49B1B39C726F5DE1986C" ModsDocID="1313-2970-995-15" checkinTime="1605780368637" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Johnson, Andrew J., Li, You, Mandelshtam, Michail Yu., Park, Sangwook, Lin, Ching-Shan, Gao, Lei & Hulcr, Jiri" docDate="2020" docId="7C5D35EF576D588184C49EEE523738EE" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 995: 15-66" docOrigin="ZooKeys 995" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.995.55981" docTitle="Cryphalus paramangiferae Johnson 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="C5D52474-B833-4564-AE40-FD56BEBA6155" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="3BDC6A2E542F5B90BBF409B8C6D97139" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="3BDC6A2E542F5B90BBF409B8C6D97139" masterDocTitle="East Asian Cryphalus Erichson (Curculionidae, Scolytinae): new species, new synonymy and redescriptions of species" masterLastPageNumber="66" masterPageNumber="15" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1668169932632" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>East Asian Cryphalus Erichson (Curculionidae, Scolytinae): new species, new synonymy and redescriptions of species</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Johnson, Andrew J.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3139-2257</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">andrewjavanjohnson@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Li, You</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9952-9542</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Mandelshtam, Michail Yu.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Forest Protection, Wood Science and Game Management, Saint-Petersburg State Forest Technical University named after S. M. Kirov, Institutskii per., 5; 194021, Saint-Petersburg, Russia</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Park, Sangwook</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Research Institute of Forest Insect Diversity, Namyangju, 12113, South Korea</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Lin, Ching-Shan</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Gao, Lei</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Ecological Landscaping of Challenging Urban Sites, Shanghai 200232, China</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Hulcr, Jiri</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA & Department of Entomology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8706-4618</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>995</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>15</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>66</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.995.55981</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.995.55981</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-995-15</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">8E2B2797295F49B1B39C726F5DE1986C</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">3BDC6A2E542F5B90BBF409B8C6D97139</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="170399005" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C5D52474-B833-4564-AE40-FD56BEBA6155" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7C5D35EF576D588184C49EEE523738EE" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="7C5D35EF-576D-5881-84C4-9EEE523738EE" authority="Johnson" authorityName="Johnson" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cryphalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryphalus paramangiferae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paramangiferae" status="sp. nov.">Cryphalus paramangiferae Johnson</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="15">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Proventriculus of A Cryphalus artocarpus, UFFE: 33165 B C. dilutus, UFFE: 34684 C C. dorsalis, UFFE: 25581 D C. gnetivorus, UFFE: 31753 E C. itinerans, UFFE: 33178 F C. kyotoensis, UFFE: 33232 G C. lipingensis, UFFE: 28048 H C. mangiferae, UFFE: 34966 I C. meridionalis, UFFE: 28061 J C. morivorus, UFFE: 27604 K C. paramangiferae, UFFE: 34965." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.995.55981.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/476775" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figures 2K</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Aedeagus of A Cryphalus artocarpus, UFFE: 33165 B C. dilutus, UFFE: 34684 C C. dorsalis, UFFE: 25581 D C. gnetivorus, UFFE: 31753 E C. itinerans, UFFE: 33178 F C. kyotoensis, UFFE: 31745 G C. lipingensis, UFFE: 28048 H C. mangiferae, UFFE: 34966 I C. meridionalis, UFFE: 28061 J C. morivorus, UFFE: 27604 K C. paramangiferae, UFFE: 34965." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.995.55981.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/476776" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">, 3K</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Cryphalus paramangiferae A, C, E, G, H holotype, female, UFFE: 34967 B, D, F, I paratype, male, UFFE: 34969." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.995.55981.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/476788" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">, 15A-I</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Type material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
China • 1 ♀
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||
; Fujian, Quanzhou, Yongchun, Diyiyan;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.3169" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="25.3169">25.3169°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="118.2751" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="118.2751">118.2751°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 26 Nov. 2015; You Li leg.; ex.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Mangifera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mangifera indica" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Mangifera indica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; IOZ(E)225765; ex v12347; UFFE:34967; (IOZ) • 1 ♂
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Paratype</emphasis>
|
||
; same collection data; IOZ(E)225766; UFFE:34969; (IOZ) • 1 ♀, 1 ♂
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Paratypes</emphasis>
|
||
; same collection data; pair in gallery with larvae; 1 larva used for DNA extraction without voucher; DNA: 28S:MG051113; UFFE:22108; (UFFE) • 5 ♀♀, 5 ♂♂
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Paratypes</emphasis>
|
||
; same collection data; ex v12352; UFFE:34970; (NHMUK, 1♀, 1♂; FSCA, 1♀, 1♂; MZB, 1♀, 1♂; NIAES, 1♀, 1♂; NMNS, 1♀, 1♂) • 6 ♀♀, 6 ♂♂
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Paratypes</emphasis>
|
||
; Fujian, Quanzhou,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nan’an">Nan'an</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Pushan village;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.1189" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="25.1189">25.1189°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="118.4276" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="118.4276">118.4276°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 01 May 2017; You Li leg.; ex.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Mangifera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mangifera indica" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Mangifera indica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; UFFE:34974; (RIFID, 1♀, 1♂; UFFE, 3♀♀, 3♂♂; USNM, 1♀, 1♂; ZIN, 1♀, 1♂).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Other material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
China • 1 ♂; Fujian, Quanzhou, Yongchun, Diyiyan;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.3172" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="25.3172">25.3172°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="118.2798" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="118.2798">118.2798°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 17 Nov. 2015; You Li leg.; ex.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Mangifera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mangifera indica" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Mangifera indica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; UFFE:22062; (UFFE) • 1 ♂; Fujian, Quanzhou, Yongchun, Diyiyan;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.3169" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="25.3169">25.3169°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="118.2751" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="118.2751">118.2751°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 26 Nov. 2015; You Li leg.; ex.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Mangifera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mangifera indica" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Mangifera indica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; ex v12348; dissected; UFFE:34909 (UFFE) • 1 ♂; same collection data; destructively extracted; DNA: 28S:MG051111; UFFE:25415; (UFFE) • 1 ♂; same collection data; UFFE:34968; (UFFE) • 3; Fujian, Quanzhou,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nan’an">Nan'an</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Pushan village;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.1189" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="25.1189">25.1189°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="118.4276" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="118.4276">118.4276°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 28 Apr. 2017; You Li leg.; ex.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Mangifera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mangifera indica" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Mangifera indica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; UFFE:26956 (UFFE) • 1 ♂; same collection data; dissected; mango 5; UFFE:34965 • 2 ♀♀; Guangdong, Shenzhen, Yantian;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.5889" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="22.5889">22.5889°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="114.2842" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="114.2842">114.2842°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 08 Apr. 2017; Wei Lin leg.; EtOH trap; UFFE:33204; (UFFE).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="type locality">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
China, Fujian, Quanzhou, Yongchun, Diyiyan; (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.317" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="25.317">25.317°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="118.275" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="118.275">118.275°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
This species is distinguished from other similar
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1836" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cryphalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryphalus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Cryphalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the frons with an aciculate texture, the frons of the male which also has a shining patch in the median made from a fine file-like structure, the pronotal disc which is long, and has fine hair-like setae with some bifurcating setae on baso-lateral areas, the elytral striae which are barely impressed, and the striae 1, 2 and 3 which on the declivity, is barely apparent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
This species is externally very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. mangiferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="mangiferae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C. mangiferae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They can be distinguished by the frons of the male (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. paramangiferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="paramangiferae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C. paramangiferae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: with fine shining file like structure versus
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. mangiferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="mangiferae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C. mangiferae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: identical to female), by a subtle difference in the vestiture of the pronotum (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. paramangiferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="paramangiferae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C. paramangiferae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: very fine and hair like versus
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. mangiferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="mangiferae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C. mangiferae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: coarse hair like), by a subtle difference in striae 1, 2, and 3 on the declivity (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. paramangiferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="paramangiferae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C. paramangiferae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: slightly impressed and barely apparent with some ground vestiture between punctures versus
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. mangiferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="mangiferae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C. mangiferae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: apparent without ground vestiture between punctures), by the setae near the dorso-anterior corner of the metaventrite (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. paramangiferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="paramangiferae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C. paramangiferae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: fewer than 10 multifurcate setae not distinct from hair-like setae versus
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. mangiferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="mangiferae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C. mangiferae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 20 or more multifurcate setae, all distinctly smaller than other setae), and by the spinulae on the ejaculatory duct inside the aedeagus (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. paramangiferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="paramangiferae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C. paramangiferae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: large spinulae versus
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. mangiferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="mangiferae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C. mangiferae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: many small spinulae).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Length 1.4-1.9 mm (Holotype 1.8 mm). Proportions 2.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as wide. Frons with converging aciculations and weakly emarginated at epistoma. Antennal funiculus usually with 4 segments. Antennal club with three evenly procurved sutures, slightly wider at apex. Pronotal profile widest in line with summit, approx. 0.85
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as wide. Pronotal margin armed with four to six serrations, the median pair larger and near contiguous. Pronotal declivity with more than 60 asperities (holotype has 68). Pronotal disc approximately one third of the length, gently sloped. Pronotal vestiture entirely fine hair-like, some bifurcating setae bifurcating in baso-lateral area. Suture between pronotum and elytra weakly sinuate. Scutellum shaped as a rounded triangle, almost semi-circular, with sparse, pale, hair-like setae. Elytra 1.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as pronotum, usually slightly darker colour than pronotum, medium-brown, broadly rounded with no clear transition to the declivity. Striae weakly visible as rows of punctures and hair like setae, slightly impressed. Interstrial bristles erect, curving posteriorly, slightly wider at base. Interstrial ground vestiture near triangular, dagger-like, tapering to a fine point, longer on declivity, ground vestiture on basal third are usually a light brown/cold colour. Protibiae and protarsi with only straight, hair-like setae. Mesocoxae moderately separated, much more than metacoxae. Ventrites with mostly hair-like setae. Last abdominal ventrite with margin of rounded tubercles. Proventriculus sutural teeth very weakly sclerotised, barely visible, rounded, in multiple irregular rows each side of suture. Apical teeth in multiple rows, extending almost the width of a segment. Closing teeth long, barely branched, extending beyond masticatory brush with fine, pointed branched tips. Masticatory brush slightly shorter than apical plate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Male.</emphasis>
|
||
Similar to female except: Length 1.4-1.9 mm. Frons with similar aciculations to females, but upper levels with glabrous patch with extremely fine transverse aciculations. Pronotal profile slightly more triangular, widest nearer base. Pronotal vestiture with fine hair-like setae and some bifurcating setae on baso-lateral areas. Protibiae and protarsi with coarse, curved setae on proximal edge of protibia and on the first few tarsi. Last abdominal ventrite very weakly emarginated. Aedeagus shorter, penis body sclerotised, only slightly tapered to a broadly rounded point at apex, ejaculatory duct with very large, rose-thorn-shaped spinulae, especially along portion inside penis body, end plates large and strongly sclerotised. Penis apodemes 1.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as penis body. Tegmen broad, with very short apodemes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">China (Fujian, Guangdong)</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
The name is derived from a combination of the Ancient Greek
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="παρά">παρά</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, meaning near, next to or besides, and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="mangiferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="mangiferae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">mangiferae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the specific epithet of the species
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1914" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cryphalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryphalus mangiferae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mangiferae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Cryphalus mangiferae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species which is phylogenetically and morphologically very similar. It is invariable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="suggested vernacular name">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Suggested vernacular name.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Chinese:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="伪芒果梢小蠹">伪芒果梢小蠹</normalizedToken>
|
||
; English: False mango bark beetle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="recorded plant hosts">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Recorded plant hosts.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1836" family="Anacardiaceae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="family">Anacardiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Mangifera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mangifera indica" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Mangifera indica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixx010" author="Johnson, AJ" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Diversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 10" refId="B22" refString="Johnson, AJ, Knizek, M, Atkinson, TH, Jordal, BH, Ploetz, RC, Hulcr, J, 2017. Resolution of a Global Mango and Fig. Pest Identity Crisis. Insect Systematics and Diversity 1 (2): 1 - 10, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixx010" title="Resolution of a Global Mango and Fig. Pest Identity Crisis." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixx010" volume="1" year="2017">Johnson et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted a high genetic diversity of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1914" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cryphalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryphalus mangiferae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mangiferae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Cryphalus mangiferae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Asia, suggesting that there are likely cryptic and near-cryptic species present. Two of the specimens used in the molecular study (specimen 54 and 71) are of this newly described species, from the type locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
The morphological differences are sexual characters, likely to be a reproductive barrier between the two species. In a location near the type locality (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nan’an">Nan'an</normalizedToken>
|
||
), a sample reared from one log was of a mixture of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. mangiferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="mangiferae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C. mangiferae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. paramangiferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="paramangiferae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C. paramangiferae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, though no obvious differences in the biology were noted. All individuals collected in pairs corroborate these differences.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
None of the examined types of synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. mangiferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="mangiferae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C. mangiferae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have the fine hair-like setae on the pronotum or less distinct striae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Based on the key for Chinese
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1836" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cryphalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryphalus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Cryphalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tsai, P-H" journalOrPublisher="Acta Entomologica Sinica" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" pagination="597 - 624" refId="B46" refString="Tsai, P-H, Li, C-L, 1963. Research on the Chinese bark-beetles of the genus Cryphalus Er. with descriptions of new species. Acta Entomologica Sinica 12 (5-6): 597 - 624" title="Research on the Chinese bark-beetles of the genus Cryphalus Er. with descriptions of new species." volume="12" year="1963">Tsai and Li (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, specimens of this species would fail on couplet 2/3, because the male frons does not have a prominent carina and the spinulae on the ejaculatory duct are distinctly spine-like rather than setiform.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.995.55981.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/476788" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" start="Figure 15" startId="F15">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figure 15.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Johnson" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cryphalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryphalus paramangiferae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paramangiferae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Cryphalus paramangiferae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A, C, E, G, H</emphasis>
|
||
holotype, female, UFFE:34967
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">B, D, F, I</emphasis>
|
||
paratype, male, UFFE:34969.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |