172 lines
20 KiB
XML
172 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="3BBEB47500DDB17895640E8BCB747D2C" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2380.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5312376" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629667743400" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Pogue, Michael G." docDate="2010" docId="7156EC101A3BF4643D824D77182EFE4D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02380p075.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2380 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2380.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Lacinipolia laudabilis Laudable Arches" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="8D6F94681A10F4483D154F0A1C46FFFA" masterDocTitle="The Hadeninae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA 2380" masterLastPageNumber="75" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="44" updateTime="1699092986803" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="09D94389D136D6FE061D4DF149B30474">
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<mods:title id="D1DE51348D4046C1EA1E2286BBCED8C8">The Hadeninae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA 2380</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="EC3CBCE950169733B9DE10AF78E57EC4" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C088FA776239B703F947C97DC14D0706">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7099A5AAABDFD9FC79C2B8EA445FDEC5">Pogue, Michael G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="59B90A32E68ADAB3FF2328DDAF29B3B3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="579791398DE00E5CB149847D5F85FF79">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6AF16102168C8A6E6981059989787F57">
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<mods:date id="AA5B45DC5602CE42D8E0C6E4E3AA384D">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="EDC4A2BCAA49E70503C3378A34ADFCF5" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="FED36182300683D95DAD1C0FC053007B">2010-02-26</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="70D3B50358E64173D0DE8F2563B3D1D7" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="CFFEFD590C00730A826B401FD61885C9">2380</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="C27FDE7CFE7507BBD89D745448F0F292">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="55576A52E81A9390500235C4A7510A63">75</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="65257D3CC824F493CBA73E2C40A06294">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2380.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="535E15FAE9E442E19805BB06DCE60CBA">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8BD34AE1D576A32BA0B9DA545E53DBF8" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.2380.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8577CFCF5798E0C1330502563370375C" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F39939C2188C07367395DA09E0B0D684" type="Zenodo-Dep">5312376</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7156EC101A3BF4643D824D77182EFE4D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320344" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5320344" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A3BF4643D824D77182EFE4D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7156EC101A3BF4643D824D77182EFE4D" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<subSubSection id="B1E50E8D1A3BF4633D824D771F67FD6D" box="[151,801,637,663]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A3BF4633D824D771F67FD6D" blockId="43.[151,801,637,698]" box="[151,801,637,663]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<heading id="A208EA6A1A3BF4633D824D771F67FD6D" bold="true" box="[151,801,637,663]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A3BF4633D824D771F67FD6D" bold="true" box="[151,801,637,663]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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39.
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<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A3BF4633DD64D771F67FD6D" ID-CoL="3RR4V" authority="(Guenee) Laudable Arches" authorityName="Laudable Arches" baseAuthorityName="Guenee" box="[195,801,637,663]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lacinipolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laudabilis">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A3BF4633DD64D771D8DFD6D" bold="true" box="[195,459,637,663]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Lacinipolia laudabilis</emphasis>
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(Guenée) Laudable Arches
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B1E50E8D1A3BF4643D824DAA182EFE4D" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="description">
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A3BF4633D824DAA1DDBFD40" blockId="43.[151,801,637,698]" box="[151,413,672,698]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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(
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<figureCitation id="61C441831A3BF4633D8A4DAA1D68FD40" box="[159,302,672,698]" captionStart="FIGURES 73–80" captionStartId="66.[151,269,1675,1699]" captionTargetBox="[280,1299,255,1606]" captionTargetId="figure-194@66.[265,1321,194,1653]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURES 73–80. Adults. 73, Lacinipolia laudabilis, m, Virginia, Fairfax Co., Alexandria (Rose Hill), 1 Sep. 1976, P.A. Opler; 74, Lacinipolia laudabilis, f, South Carolina, Charleston Co., McClellanville, Wedge Plantation, 25 Apr. 1980, D.C. Ferguson; 75, Lacinipolia lorea, m, Tennessee, Blount Co., Tremont Env. Ctr., 1360 ft., 8 June 2002, M.G. Pogue, USNMENT 00153791; 76, Lacinipolia meditata, m, Tennessee, Cocke Co., Foothills Parkway, second overlook East, 21 Sep. 2000, D. & M. Davis, USNMENT 00153309; 77, Lacinipolia olivacea, m, Tennessee, Sevier Co., 1.3 mi W Jct. 441 & Clingmans Dome Road, Road Prong Trail, 5260 ft., 28 July 2003, M.G. Pogue, USNMENT 00156550; 78, Lacinipolia olivacea, f, North Carolina, Haywood Co., Purchase Knob, E of house, forest, 4838 ft., 31 July 2003, M.G. Pogue, USN- MENT 00156911; 79, Lacinipolia olivacea, f, North Carolina, Haywood Co., Purchase Knob, NE of house, field, 4925 ft., 2 Aug. 2003, M.G. Pogue, USNMENT 00218845; 80, Lacinipolia renigera, m, North Carolina, Haywood Co., Purchase Knob, N of house, forest, 4998 ft., 1 Aug. 2003, M.G. Pogue, USNMENT 00218653." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5312400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5312400/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Figs. 73–74</figureCitation>
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, Map 40)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A3BF4633D824DE01D0FFB65" blockId="43.[151,1436,746,1444]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A3BF4633D824DE01D10FCFE" bold="true" box="[151,342,746,772]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Identification:</emphasis>
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Forewing length
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<quantity id="3E07F0E31A3BF4633F224DE01E86FCFE" box="[567,704,746,772]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="12.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="11.0">11–13 mm</quantity>
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. Frons white with two black spots just below antenna and touching eyes but are not contiguous across frons. Patagium is mostly grayish green with a thin distal black border. Forewing ground color is grayish green. Basal line a short curved, white line from costa to Cu vein bordered by black spots with another short curved white line from Cu vein to anal vein bordered by irregular black scale patches. Antemedial line is white and slightly sinuate. Orbicular spot is round, grayish greed and bordered by black scales. Reniform spot has a grayish green center outlined with a white border. Postmedial line is crennulate and white. Median area between antemedial line and postmedial line is black and extends ventrally to approximately midway between Cu and anal veins. Subterminal line is sinuate, white and irregularly bordered with a various amount of black scales being more numerous at costa and above tornus. Fringe is white with black spots giving it a checked appearance. Hindwing is mostly white bordered by a narrow margin of gray scales. The amount of gray scales is variable and some specimens can have a mostly gray hindwing.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A3BF4633DD34BA11D0CFAA3" blockId="43.[151,1436,746,1444]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A3BF4633DD34BA11D83FB3E" box="[198,453,1195,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lacinipolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laudabils">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A3BF4633DD34BA11D83FB3E" box="[198,453,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Lacinipolia laudabils</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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resembles
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<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A3BF4633F5A4BA11EA6FB3E" authorityName="McDunnough Implicit Arches" authorityYear="1937" box="[591,736,1195,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lacinipolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="implicata">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A3BF4633F5A4BA11EA6FB3E" box="[591,736,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">L. implicata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but can be separated by the median black area extending further past the reniform spot and never extending to the posterior margin of the forewing in
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<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A3BF46339E94BDA19D3FB13" box="[1276,1429,1232,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lacinipolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laudabilis">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A3BF46339E94BDA19D3FB13" box="[1276,1429,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">L. laudabilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, whereas in
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<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A3BF4633C314BFF1DFEFAF4" authorityName="McDunnough Implicit Arches" authorityYear="1937" box="[292,440,1269,1294]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lacinipolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="implicata">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A3BF4633C314BFF1DFEFAF4" box="[292,440,1269,1294]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">L. implicata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the black median area only borders the reniform spot distally and extends to the posterior margin of the forewing. The hindwing is much whiter in
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<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A3BF4633EBF4A111878FACE" box="[938,1086,1307,1332]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lacinipolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laudabilis">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A3BF4633EBF4A111878FACE" box="[938,1086,1307,1332]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">L. laudabilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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than the more gray hindwing in
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A3BF4633DA04A4A1D0CFAA3" box="[181,330,1344,1369]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A3BF4633DA04A4A1D00FAA3" authorityName="McDunnough Implicit Arches" authorityYear="1937" box="[181,326,1344,1369]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lacinipolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="implicata">L. implicata</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A3BF4633DD14A6F1E0AFA85" blockId="43.[151,1436,746,1444]" box="[196,588,1381,1407]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A3BF4633DD14A6F1D37FA85" bold="true" box="[196,369,1381,1407]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Flight period:</emphasis>
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Mid-May in Park.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A3BF4633DD14A801952FA5E" blockId="43.[151,1436,746,1444]" box="[196,1300,1418,1444]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A3BF4633DD14A801DF1FA5E" bold="true" box="[196,439,1418,1444]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Collected localities:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="4997575B1A3BF4633CAB4A801952FA5E" box="[446,1300,1418,1444]" county="Cocke Co." location="Foothills Parkway" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tennessee">
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<collectingRegion id="3B3B93E41A3BF4633CAB4A801E7CFA5E" box="[446,570,1418,1444]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
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:
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<collectingCounty id="1021258A1A3BF4633F534A801E82FA5E" box="[582,708,1418,1444]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Cocke Co.</collectingCounty>
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,
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<location id="FC200BDD1A3BF4633FC54A801FE0FA5E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A3BF4643D824D77182EFE4D:FC200BDD1A3BF4633FC54A801FE0FA5E" box="[720,934,1418,1444]" county="Cocke Co." name="Foothills Parkway" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Tennessee">Foothills Parkway</location>
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, 1.3 mi N of 321. (
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<specimenCount id="EFF9968F1A3BF46339924A80194AFA5E" box="[1159,1292,1418,1444]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A3BF4633D8248991EA9F850" blockId="43.[151,751,1939,1963]" box="[151,751,1939,1963]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A3BF4633D8248991CBDF851" bold="true" box="[151,251,1939,1963]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">MAP 40.</emphasis>
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Collecting localities of
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A3BF4633CE948991EA9F850" box="[508,751,1939,1962]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A3BF4633CE948991EADF850" box="[508,747,1939,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lacinipolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laudabilis">Lacinipolia laudabilis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A3CF4643DD14F9D1E15FF48" blockId="44.[151,1436,151,439]" box="[196,595,151,178]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A3CF4643DD14F9D1DD5FF4B" bold="true" box="[196,403,151,177]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Elevation range:</emphasis>
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<quantity id="3E07F0E31A3CF4643C8E4F921DA9FF48" box="[411,495,152,178]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4864" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="ft" value="1800.0">1800ft.</quantity>
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(
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<quantity id="3E07F0E31A3CF4643CEB4F921E0DFF48" box="[510,587,152,178]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.49" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="549.0">549 m</quantity>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A3CF4643DD14FB71E5DFED8" blockId="44.[151,1436,151,439]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A3CF4643DD14FB71D9CFF2D" bold="true" box="[196,474,189,215]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">General distribution:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="4997575B1A3CF4643CF64FB71E50FED8" collectionCode="USNM" county="Distributed" location="Brownsville" municipality="Dallas-Fort Worth area" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maine and Ohio">
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This is a southern species with single specimens from
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<collectingRegion id="3B3B93E41A3CF46439934FB7190BFF2D" box="[1158,1357,189,215]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Maine and Ohio</collectingRegion>
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in the
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<collectionCode id="9FEEC5C31A3CF4643D824FE81CAAFF06" box="[151,236,226,252]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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collection.
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<collectingCounty id="1021258A1A3CF4643C604FE81DBFFF06" box="[373,505,226,252]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Distributed</collectingCounty>
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from
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<collectingRegion id="3B3B93E41A3CF4643F554FE81EF4FF06" box="[576,690,226,252]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Maryland</collectingRegion>
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south to
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<collectingRegion id="3B3B93E41A3CF4643E0B4FE81F34FF06" box="[798,882,226,252]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Florida</collectingRegion>
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and west to eastern
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<collectingRegion id="3B3B93E41A3CF46439754FE818E2FF06" box="[1120,1188,226,252]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Texas</collectingRegion>
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from the
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<collectingMunicipality id="1924C77C1A3CF46438034FE81D51FED8" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Dallas-Fort Worth area</collectingMunicipality>
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south to
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<location id="FC200BDD1A3CF4643C964E021E50FED8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A3BF4643D824D77182EFE4D:FC200BDD1A3CF4643C964E021E50FED8" box="[387,534,264,290]" county="Distributed" municipality="Dallas-Fort Worth area" name="Brownsville" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" stateProvince="Maine and Ohio">Brownsville</location>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A3CF4643DD14E27182EFE4D" blockId="44.[151,1436,151,439]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A3CF4643DD14E271D2CFEBD" bold="true" box="[196,362,301,327]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Larval hosts:</emphasis>
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Little is known about the specific host host plants of this species. Dyar (1903) stated they are a general feeder and
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<bibRefCitation id="9D6E20F71A3CF4643CAA4E581E2FFE96" author="Crumb, E. S." box="[447,617,338,364]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="1 - 356" refId="ref30510" refString="Crumb, E. S. (1956) The larvae of the Phalaenidae. U. S. Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin, 1135, 1 - 356." type="journal article" year="1956">Crumb (1956)</bibRefCitation>
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listed mustard (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A3CF4643E394E581F86FE96" box="[812,960,338,364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="CB8B81141A3CF4643E394E581FD2FE91" box="[812,916,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Brassica</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A3CF4643EDA4E58182CFE96" authorityName="G.T.Burnett" authorityYear="1835" box="[975,1130,338,364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Brassicaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and low plants in a yard and also stated they are probably general feeders on herbs. Larvae obtained from eggs were reared on common dandelion (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A3CF4643C9C4E971F4BFE4D" authority="F. H. Wigg." authorityName="F. H. Wigg." box="[393,781,413,439]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="officinale">
|
||
<emphasis id="CB8B81141A3CF4643C9C4E971EC5FE4C" box="[393,643,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Taraxacum officinale</emphasis>
|
||
F.H. Wigg.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A3CF4643E0C4E971FDDFE4D" box="[793,923,413,439]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9D6E20F71A3CF4643EA74E97181AFE4D" author="Godfrey, G. L." box="[946,1116,413,439]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="1 - 265" refId="ref30677" refString="Godfrey, G. L. (1972) A review and reclassification of larvae of the subfamily Hadeninae (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) of American north of Mexico. U. S. Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin, 1450, 1 - 265." type="journal article" year="1972">Godfrey 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |