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<mods:title id="8D9128A9E4037E9FCA9E3D0A4D0E8B22">&lt;p class = &quot; HeadingRunIn &quot; align = &quot; left &quot;&gt; &lt;strong&gt; &lt;em&gt; Cradoscrupocellaria &lt;/ em&gt;, a new bryozoan genus for &lt;em&gt; Scrupocellaria bertholletii &lt;/ em&gt; (Audouin) and related species (Cheilostomata, Candidae): taxonomy, biodiversity and distribution &lt;/ strong&gt; &lt;/ p&gt;</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="A1580641FFD6E37AEDAAFBD7FCC2FBE8" blockId="14.[151,793,1045,1071]" box="[151,793,1045,1071]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="FA10B12DFFD6E37AEDAAFBD7FCC2FBE8" bold="true" box="[151,793,1045,1071]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="4">
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AEDAAFBD7FCC2FBE8" bold="true" box="[151,793,1045,1071]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="66E77DC2FFD6E37AEDAAFBD7FD7CFBE8" ID-CoL="Z4DJ" authority="(Waters, 1909)" authorityName="VIEIRA &amp; JONES &amp; WINSTON" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Waters" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[151,679,1045,1071]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Cradoscrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="serrata" status="n. comb.">
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AEDAAFBD7FE32FBE8" bold="true" box="[151,489,1045,1071]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Cradoscrupocellaria serrata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C5767BB0FFD6E37AECC4FBD7FD44FBE8" author="Waters, A. W." box="[505,671,1045,1071]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="123 - 181" refId="ref39814" refString="Waters, A. W. (1909) Reports on the Marine Biology of the Sudanese Red Sea, from Collections made by Cyril Crossland, M. A., B. Sc., F. Z. S.; together with Collections made in the Red Sea by Dr. R. Hartmeyer. XII. The Bryozoa., Part I. Cheilostomata. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 31, 123 - 181. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1909. tb 00458. x" type="journal article" year="1909">Waters, 1909</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88A06728FFD6E37AEF93FBD7FCC2FBE8" box="[686,793,1045,1071]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="A1580641FFD6E37AEDAAFB9EFCB1FBB5" blockId="14.[151,874,1116,1138]" box="[151,874,1116,1138]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="81F7216FFFD6E37AEDAAFB9EFCB1FBB5" box="[151,874,1116,1138]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<treatmentCitation id="20462050FFD6E37AEDAAFB9EFDE6FBB5" author="Waters, A. W." box="[151,573,1116,1138]" page="133" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1909">
<taxonomicName id="66E77DC2FFD6E37AEDAAFB9EFDE6FBB5" ID-CoL="4VZPB" authority="Waters, 1909: 133" authorityName="Waters" authorityPageNumber="133" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,573,1116,1138]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AEDAAFB9EFEA7FBB6" box="[151,380,1116,1138]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Scrupocellaria serrata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C5767BB0FFD6E37AECBEFB9EFDE6FBB5" author="Waters, A. W." box="[387,573,1116,1138]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="123 - 181" refId="ref39814" refString="Waters, A. W. (1909) Reports on the Marine Biology of the Sudanese Red Sea, from Collections made by Cyril Crossland, M. A., B. Sc., F. Z. S.; together with Collections made in the Red Sea by Dr. R. Hartmeyer. XII. The Bryozoa., Part I. Cheilostomata. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 31, 123 - 181. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1909. tb 00458. x" type="journal article" year="1909">Waters, 1909: 133</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 10, figs 1114. [
<collectingRegion id="6323C8A3FFD6E37AEE36FB9EFCBFFBB5" box="[779,868,1116,1138]" country="Egypt" name="Al Bahr al Ahmar" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
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<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AEDAAFB5CFEDFFB70" bold="true" box="[151,260,1182,1207]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Remarks</emphasis>
. This species is characterized by zooids with 1 inner and 2 outer distal spines, spine-like, sometimes branched scuta, no basal vibracula, serrated rhizoids, and neither frontal nor lateral avicularia, except in ovicelled zooids where distolateral avicularia with large bi- or trifurcated rostra are present.
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="66E77DC2FFD6E37AEDFAFAC9FDD7FAE5" authorityName="VIEIRA &amp; JONES &amp; WINSTON" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Waters" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[199,524,1291,1315]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Cradoscrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AEDFAFAC9FDD7FAE5" box="[199,524,1291,1315]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Cradoscrupocellaria serrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished by the absence of lateral avicularia in non-ovicelled zooids, in having ovicelled zooids with large bi- to trifurcated avicularia, and no basal vibracula. The shape of the large lateral avicularia has been described in four
<taxonomicName id="66E77DC2FFD6E37AEF48FA91FC59FAAC" box="[629,898,1362,1387]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AEF48FA91FCC0FAAC" box="[629,795,1363,1387]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Scrupocellaria</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="66E77DC2FFD6E37AEEAAFA91FA85FAAC" authority="Haswell, 1880" authorityName="Haswell" authorityYear="1880" box="[919,1374,1362,1387]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="obtecta">
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AEEAAFA91FB7AFAAC" box="[919,1185,1363,1387]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Scrupocellaria obtecta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C5767BB0FFD6E37AE98FFA90FA85FAAC" author="Haswell W. A." box="[1202,1374,1362,1387]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="33 - 44" refId="ref37921" refString="Haswell W. A. (1880) On some Polyzoa from the Queensland coast. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 5, 33 - 44." type="journal article" year="1880">Haswell, 1880</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="C5767BB0FFD6E37AEDAAFAB4FEADFA48" author="MacGillivray, P. H." box="[151,374,1398,1423]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="99 - 111" refId="ref38491" refString="MacGillivray, P. H. (1886) Polyzoa. In: McCoy, F. (Ed), Prodomus of the Zoology of Victoria. Government Printer, Melbourne, Decade XIII, pp. 99 - 111." type="journal article" year="1886">MacGillivray 1886</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 126, fig. 5),
<taxonomicName id="66E77DC2FFD6E37AEF72FAB4FC20FA48" authority="Osburn, 1950" authorityName="Osburn" authorityYear="1950" box="[591,1019,1398,1423]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="talonis">
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AEF72FAB4FC8BFA49" box="[591,848,1398,1422]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Scrupocellaria talonis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C5767BB0FFD6E37AEE61FAB4FC20FA48" author="Osburn R. C." box="[860,1019,1398,1423]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 269" refId="ref39021" refString="Osburn R. C. (1950) Bryozoa of the Pacific coast of America, part 1, Cheilostomata - Anasca. Report of the Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 14, 1 - 269." type="journal article" year="1950">Osburn, 1950</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="C5767BB0FFD6E37AE97EFAB4FB05FA48" author="Osburn R. C." box="[1091,1246,1398,1423]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 269" refId="ref39021" refString="Osburn R. C. (1950) Bryozoa of the Pacific coast of America, part 1, Cheilostomata - Anasca. Report of the Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 14, 1 - 269." type="journal article" year="1950">Osburn 1950</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 17, fig. 3),
<taxonomicName id="66E77DC2FFD6E37AEDAAFA59FDB0FA74" authority="Osburn, 1950" authorityName="Osburn" authorityYear="1950" box="[151,619,1434,1459]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="unguiculata">
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AEDAAFA59FE10FA74" box="[151,459,1435,1459]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Scrupocellaria unguiculata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C5767BB0FFD6E37AECEFFA58FDB0FA74" author="Osburn R. C." box="[466,619,1434,1459]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 269" refId="ref39021" refString="Osburn R. C. (1950) Bryozoa of the Pacific coast of America, part 1, Cheilostomata - Anasca. Report of the Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 14, 1 - 269." type="journal article" year="1950">Osburn, 1950</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="C5767BB0FFD6E37AEF9AFA58FCE7FA74" author="Osburn R. C." box="[679,828,1434,1459]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 269" refId="ref39021" refString="Osburn R. C. (1950) Bryozoa of the Pacific coast of America, part 1, Cheilostomata - Anasca. Report of the Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 14, 1 - 269." type="journal article" year="1950">Osburn 1950</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 17, figs 12) and
<taxonomicName id="66E77DC2FFD6E37AE90EFA59FF03FA10" authority="(Hincks, 1882)" baseAuthorityName="Hincks" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="varians">
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AE90EFA59FAEEFA75" box="[1075,1333,1435,1459]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Scrupocellaria varians</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C5767BB0FFD6E37AE879FA58FF0BFA10" author="Hincks T." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="459 - 471" refId="ref38024" refString="Hincks T. (1882) Report of the Polyzoa on the Queen Charlotte Island. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 5, 10, 459 - 471. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938209459751" type="journal article" year="1882">Hincks, 1882</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="C5767BB0FFD6E37AEC2BFA7CFE72FA10" author="Hincks T." box="[278,425,1470,1495]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="459 - 471" refId="ref38024" refString="Hincks T. (1882) Report of the Polyzoa on the Queen Charlotte Island. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 5, 10, 459 - 471. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938209459751" type="journal article" year="1882">Hincks 1882</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 19, fig. 1ab). Both
<taxonomicName id="66E77DC2FFD6E37AEFFEFA7DFCEFFA11" authorityName="Haswell" authorityYear="1880" box="[707,820,1470,1494]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="obtecta">
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AEFFEFA7DFD0AFA11" box="[707,721,1471,1494]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AEFDCFA7CFCEFFA11" box="[737,820,1470,1494]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">obtecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="66E77DC2FFD6E37AEE50FA7DFBCAFA11" authorityName="Osburn" authorityYear="1950" box="[877,1041,1470,1494]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="unguiculata">
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AEE50FA7DFCA0FA11" box="[877,891,1471,1494]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AEEB6FA7CFBCAFA11" box="[907,1041,1470,1494]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">unguiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are distinguished from the present species by their rounded scuta.
<taxonomicName id="66E77DC2FFD6E37AECC8FA21FD35FA3C" authorityName="Osburn" authorityYear="1950" box="[501,750,1507,1531]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="talonis">
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AECC8FA21FD35FA3C" box="[501,750,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Scrupocellaria talonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens are distinguished by their smooth rhizoids, zooids with dimorphic lateral avicularia, the usual presence of 1 inner and 1 outer orificial spines (sometimes these spines are absent) and the inner edge of the opesia has a rare, vestigial spine-like scutum; no ovicells were found in the specimens described by
<bibRefCitation id="C5767BB0FFD6E37AEC8DF98CFD82F9A0" author="Osburn R. C." box="[432,601,1614,1639]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 269" refId="ref39021" refString="Osburn R. C. (1950) Bryozoa of the Pacific coast of America, part 1, Cheilostomata - Anasca. Report of the Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 14, 1 - 269." type="journal article" year="1950">Osburn (1950)</bibRefCitation>
. The scutum and gigantic lateral avicularia of
<taxonomicName id="66E77DC2FFD6E37AE94BF98DFB33F9A1" baseAuthorityName="Hincks" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[1142,1256,1615,1638]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="varians">
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AE94BF98DFB5FF9A1" box="[1142,1156,1615,1638]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AE9A9F98DFB33F9A1" box="[1172,1256,1615,1638]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">varians</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resemble those described for
<taxonomicName id="66E77DC2FFD6E37AEC0FF9B1FE7EF94D" authorityName="VIEIRA &amp; JONES &amp; WINSTON" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Waters" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[306,421,1651,1674]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Cradoscrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AEC0FF9B1FE9EF94D" box="[306,325,1651,1674]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AEC69F9B1FE7EF94D" box="[340,421,1651,1674]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">serrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but
<taxonomicName id="66E77DC2FFD6E37AECE2F9B1FD94F94D" baseAuthorityName="Hincks" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[479,591,1651,1674]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="varians">
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AECE2F9B1FE36F94D" box="[479,493,1651,1674]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AECC6F9B1FD94F94D" box="[507,591,1651,1674]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">varians</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished by its small lateral avicularia, basal vibracula and ovicells with a single pore in the ectooecium.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E9FD55CAFFD6E37AEDFAF978FE10F914" box="[199,459,1722,1747]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="A1580641FFD6E37AEDFAF978FE10F914" blockId="14.[151,1436,1182,1747]" box="[199,459,1722,1747]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="9393DA53FFD6E37AEDFAF978FE82F914" bold="true" box="[199,345,1722,1747]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Distribution</emphasis>
.
<collectingRegion id="6323C8A3FFD6E37AEC5AF978FE1CF914" box="[359,455,1722,1747]" country="Egypt" name="Al Bahr al Ahmar" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>