225 lines
17 KiB
XML
225 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.144.46929" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bd310d40-e11d-467a-9217-08950c10e325" ID-PMC="PMC7093574" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-144-31" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A90ADD7E64BB52F4AABF889E8AC07677" ID-PubMed="32231460" ModsDocID="1314-2003-144-31" checkinTime="1584547034243" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Burgos-Hernandez, Mireya & Castillo-Campos, Gonzalo" docDate="2020" docId="1EC2D51ABA9E54028D0206A9EA3D4758" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 144: 31-55" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 144" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.144.46929" docTitle="Spathacanthus parviflorus Leonard, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washinton 50: 15 - 16. 1937" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="A90ADD7E64BB52F4AABF889E8AC07677" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="A90ADD7E64BB52F4AABF889E8AC07677" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the Mesoamerican genus Spathacanthus (Justicieae, Acanthoideae, Acanthaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="55" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="31" updateTime="1668139747079" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic revision of the Mesoamerican genus Spathacanthus (Justicieae, Acanthoideae, Acanthaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Burgos-Hernandez, Mireya</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Castillo-Campos, Gonzalo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>144</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>31</mods:start>
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<mods:end>55</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.144.46929</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.144.46929</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-144-31</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">A90ADD7E64BB52F4AABF889E8AC07677</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="162630359" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1EC2D51ABA9E54028D0206A9EA3D4758" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1EC2D51ABA9E54028D0206A9EA3D4758" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName LSID="1EC2D51A-BA9E-5402-8D02-06A9EA3D4758" authority="Leonard, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washinton 50: 15 - 16. 1937." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Spathacanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spathacanthus parviflorus" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parviflorus">Spathacanthus parviflorus Leonard, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washinton 50: 15-16. 1937.</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Spathacanthus parviflorus Leonard. T. F. Daniel 8403 (MEXU), Mexico: Chiapas, Reserva de la Biosfera El Triunfo." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.144.46929.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390040" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Figs 8</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Spathacanthus parviflorus Leonard. Image and legend modified from Gibson (1974) Flora of Guatemala 24, part X, page 446. A Habit, x 1 / 2 B flower with bracts and bracteoles, x 1 1 / 2 C corolla opened, with pistil removed, to show didynamous stamens, x 1 1 / 2 D opened calyx, x 1 1 / 2 E capsules with calyces, one opened to show retinacula and seeds, x 1." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.144.46929.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390041" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">, 9</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="31" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="31">
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Guatemala. Quetzaltenango: in heavy forest of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="volcán">volcan</normalizedToken>
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Zunil, 1750 m a.s.l., 7 Aug 1934. A. Skutch 961 (holotype US!; isotypes A!, BM!, L!, NY!, US!).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="31" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="31">
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Small trees or shrubs, up to 8 m tall, branched, internodes glabrous or nearly glabrous. Stems subquadrate to somewhat compressed when young, nodes sparsely pubescent with rigid to flexible eglandular trichomes. Leaves petiolate, petioles 5-45 mm long, blade elliptic to obovate-elliptic, 20-155 mm
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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11-100 mm, apically acute to acuminate, basally acute, marginally entire, both surfaces glabrous or with eglandular trichomes along main veins, these conspicuous on abaxial surface. Inflorescence terminal, rarely axillary, rachis glabrous to pubescent with eglandular trichomas; bracts triangular to subulate, 1.3-6 mm
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.8-1.4 mm, abaxial surface glabrous or pubescent like rachis; bracteoles triangular to subulate, 1-4 mm
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.6-1 mm, abaxial surface glabrous or pubescent like rachis. Flowers pedicellate, pedicels 1-13 mm long, glabrous; calyx yellowish before fruiting, turning green in ripe fruit, 20-30 mm
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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6.5-11 mm, abaxially glabrous, unequally divided into 2 prominent lanceolate-ovate to ovate segments, 25 mm long on posterior side and 7-17 mm on anterior side; anterior segment bilobed, lobes triangular, 0.3-0.7 mm long; the posterior segment trilobed, triangular lobes, 0.6-0.8 mm long; corolla white, 25-30 mm long
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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15-25 mm wide, externally glabrous and internally pubescent, throat 12-18 mm long
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2-6 mm in diameter near midpoint, upper lip 2-3 mm long, lobes rounded, 1.5-3 mm
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.5-2 mm, lower lip 2.5-3.5 mm long, lobes rounded, 1.3 mm
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.5-2.5 mm. Stamens whitish, longer pair 11-15 mm long from the base to the apex of the thecae, shorter pair 8-12 mm long; anthers dithecous, thecae 3-4.5 mm long; style glabrous 10-17 mm long; stigma lobes, 0.4-0.9 mm long. Capsule 37-60 mm long, stipe 20-35 mm long, head 17-25 mm long. Seeds subcircular to subcordate, 6-10 mm long, 6-8 mm wide, surface roughened.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.144.46929.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390040" pageId="0" pageNumber="31" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Figure 8.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Spathacanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spathacanthus parviflorus" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parviflorus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Spathacanthus parviflorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Leonard.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">T.F. Daniel 8403</emphasis>
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(MEXU), Mexico: Chiapas, Reserva de la Biosfera El Triunfo.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.144.46929.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390041" pageId="0" pageNumber="31" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Figure 9.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Spathacanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spathacanthus parviflorus" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parviflorus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Spathacanthus parviflorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Leonard. Image and legend modified from
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<bibRefCitation author="Gibson, ND" journalOrPublisher="Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="31" pagination="328 - 461" refId="B13" refString="Gibson, ND, 1974. Flora of Guatemala: Acanthaceae. Fieldiana. Botany 24: 328 - 461" title="Flora of Guatemala: Acanthaceae. Fieldiana." volume="24" year="1974">Gibson (1974)</bibRefCitation>
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Flora of Guatemala 24, part X, page 446.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">A</emphasis>
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Habit,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">B</emphasis>
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flower with bracts and bracteoles,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">C</emphasis>
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corolla opened, with pistil removed, to show didynamous stamens,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">D</emphasis>
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opened calyx,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">E</emphasis>
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capsules with calyces, one opened to show retinacula and seeds,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="31" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Distribution, habitat and phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Spathacanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spathacanthus parviflorus" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parviflorus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Spathacanthus parviflorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs in Mexico (Veracruz, Chiapas) and Guatemala (Chimaltenango, Quetzaltenango, San Marcos,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Sololá">Solola</normalizedToken>
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and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Suchitepéquez">Suchitepequez</normalizedToken>
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) (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of the Mesoamerican genus Spathacanthus Baillon. A Distribution of S. hahnianus and S. hoffmannii B distribution of S. magdalenae and S. parviflorus." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.144.46929.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390033" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">1B</figureCitation>
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), along streams and flooded areas, mainly in cloud forest, less frequently in other humid forests. It has been collected at 1000 to 2300 m a.s.l. Flowering takes place throughout the year, with ripe fruits from September to February.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="31" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Mexico. Chiapas</emphasis>
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: Mpio. Mapastepec, El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve, along trail from El Paval to camp. El Triunfo, 1940-2030 m a.s.l., 10 Nov 1996, T. Daniel et al. 8403 (ENCB, K, MEXU, MO, NY, US); Mpio. Mapastepec, El Triunfo Reserve. Trail NNW from El Triunfo camp toward Palo Gordo Camp., 1-3 km from El Triunfo camp. El Triunfo Reserve, 2000 m a.s.l., 21 Feb 1990, R.J. Hampshire et al. 522 (MEXU); Reserva El Triunfo (campamento/HQ), near campamento El Triunfo, 2000 m a.s.l., Sep 1989, M. Heath & A. Long MA84 (CHIP, MEXU); Reserva El Triunfo,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="polígono">poligono</normalizedToken>
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1, campamento /HQ - finca Prusia, 1900 m a.s.l., 11 Dec 1989, M. Heath & A. Long 491 (CHAPA, MEXU); between
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cañada">Canada</normalizedToken>
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Honda and El Triunfo, slopes of sierra de Soconusco, 1300-2100 m a.s.l., 06 Nov 1945, E. Xolocotzi & A. Sharp 338 (DS, MEXU); Reserva de la Biosfera El Triunfo,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="polígono">poligono</normalizedToken>
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zona
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<normalizedToken originalValue="núcleo">nucleo</normalizedToken>
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I, 1800 m a.s.l., 06 Aug 2005, N.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
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1149 (MEXU); Reserva El Triunfo, Palo Gordo-finca Catarrinas, M. Heath et al. 738 (CHIP); Mpio. La Concordia, camino entre finca Custepec and San Antonio Miramar (pass), M. Heath & A. Long 834 (CHIP); Reserva de la Biosfera El Triunfo, N. 1850 m a.s.l., 16 Jun 1994,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ramírez-Marcial">Ramirez-Marcial</normalizedToken>
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& P. Quintana-Ascencio 507 (CAS, MEXU); Mpio. Undetermined, Mt. Pistar, 03 Aug 1937, E. Matuda 1696 (F, MO, NY, UT, US).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Veracruz</emphasis>
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: Mpio. Uxpanapa, Arroyo Zarco, 15 km al S de La Laguna, 200 m a.s.l., 24 Nov 2012, G. Castillo-Campos & L.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aragón">Aragon</normalizedToken>
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A. 27651 (XAL).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Guatemala. Chimaltenango</emphasis>
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: SW slope of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="volcán">volcan</normalizedToken>
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Fuego above finca Montevideo, J. Steyermark 52100 (F, US).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Quezaltenango</emphasis>
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: 1400-2250 m a.s.l., 14 Jun 2005, M.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
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563 (MO); Pacific escarpment, 3 km S of Santa
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<normalizedToken originalValue="María">Maria</normalizedToken>
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Planta
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<normalizedToken originalValue="eléctrica">electrica</normalizedToken>
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on Hwy 9S, K. Roe et al. 715 (BM, US);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="volcán">volcan</normalizedToken>
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Zunil, 1737 m a.s.l., 07 Aug 1934, A. Skutch 961 (F, IEB); along Quebrada San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Gerónimo">Geronimo</normalizedToken>
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, finca Pirineos, lower S-facing slopes of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="volcán">volcan</normalizedToken>
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Sta.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="María">Maria</normalizedToken>
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, between Sta.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="María">Maria</normalizedToken>
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de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Jesús">Jesus</normalizedToken>
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and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Calahuaché">Calahuache</normalizedToken>
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, J. Steyermark 33359 (F); lower S-facing slopes of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="volcán">volcan</normalizedToken>
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Santa
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<normalizedToken originalValue="María">Maria</normalizedToken>
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, between Santa
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<normalizedToken originalValue="María">Maria</normalizedToken>
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de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Jesús">Jesus</normalizedToken>
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and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Calahuaché">Calahuache</normalizedToken>
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, J. Steyermark 33507 (F).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">San Marcos</emphasis>
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: La Trinidad, ca. 2 km from finca Armenia above San Rafael, 1100-1250 m a.s.l., 12 Jul 1977, T.B. Croat 40846 (CAS, MEXU, MO); finca Armenia, San Rafael Pie de la Cuesta, 1524 m a.s.l., 06 Jul 1977, J.D. Dwyer 14412 (CAS, MO); finca Armenia, San Rafael Pie de la Cuesta to Carrizal, past finca
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<normalizedToken originalValue="África">Africa</normalizedToken>
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, 1300-1600 m a.s.l., 09 Aug 1980, J.D. Dwyer 15340 (MEXU, MO);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="volcán">volcan</normalizedToken>
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Tajumulco, above finca Porvenir on "Todos Santos Chiquitos", J. Steyermark 37204 (F).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Sololá">Solola</normalizedToken>
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</emphasis>
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: sin localidad, 1000 m a.s.l., Aug 1993, M. Flores, 27 (MO); finca
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Mocá">Moca</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Guatalón">Guatalon</normalizedToken>
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, S slope of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="volcán">volcan</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Atitlán">Atitlan</normalizedToken>
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, W. Hatch & C Wilson 342 (F).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Suchitepéquez">Suchitepequez</normalizedToken>
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</emphasis>
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: Sta.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bárbara">Barbara</normalizedToken>
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, finca Sta. Adelaida, K. Lind 69 (F);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="volcán">volcan</normalizedToken>
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Sta. Clara, between finca El Naranjo and upper slopes, J. Steyermark 46632 (CAS, F, NY, US).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |