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115 lines
12 KiB
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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="264788" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.98847" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2aaa4e51-ec7b-4d32-ba88-5d690b8f2a01" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2032-3921-3-276" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BC5E6BD70022518ABF185FC3C18147CE" ModsDocID="2032-3921-156-3-276" checkinTime="1693470036859" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rasaminirina, Fitiavana & Larridon, Isabel" docDate="2023" docId="04B51F7C434C5149B81747CAB30C83E9" docLanguage="en" docName="PlantEcolEvol 156(3): 276-310" docOrigin="Plant Ecology and Evolution 156 (3)" docPubDate="2023-08-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.98847" docTitle="Carex L. (Linnaeus 1753" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="BC5E6BD70022518ABF185FC3C18147CE" lastPageNumber="276" masterDocId="BC5E6BD70022518ABF185FC3C18147CE" masterDocTitle="The genera of Cyperaceae of Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="310" masterPageNumber="276" pageNumber="276" updateTime="1720463581714" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:mods id="F1CC915257FBC8063BD2240218263BF9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="493CEF076C7E84E449CB07EB0BAD6991">
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<mods:title id="E0CB019C7D78C6F4542ECA876C83A1D5">The genera of Cyperaceae of Madagascar</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="58694287E36DA9EABF793AAEABC5AED2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2A0BA59FAE8376226249F307EE786AED">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F042C50E3CD9B4EB0D19E7C0A775CF11">Rasaminirina, Fitiavana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FCC776E5128C74AE08900F12A87FEC02" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0162-7975</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="19E2A8FC0BBE14442698EA5502727D13">University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="134D07030082654E083016675C037C08" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="448664FACE628880AE7B7FD56001398A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="44357ECDA680147A73F8154F9A666BDF">Larridon, Isabel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="278BFBA32205687ABD2D189FE4DED785" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0285-722X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="74DFA3F377EB36798C5FFE0622080F61">Kew Madagascar Conservation Centre, Antananarivo, Madagascar & Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="787ED97C72E3200E5978F63C8B34556F" type="email">i.larridon@kew.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4B4595B95D47757A372F4115E8D8E3B2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="2070356B9590B6EF21DC3B055FE44E45">Plant Ecology and Evolution</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E73319C149856629EDB2324CB8B2C63E">
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<mods:date id="53B28C6EE3AED36572443D31306B648C">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="54D723E61BDAD0CBE58E775463C65A78">2023-08-29</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="3A9C5E2194BDEB2F01B05069B4934544" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B44B8E892991C07C7ACEB8559C8988FC">156</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="A1ED06C284C32ECB79A3EF0FAC529808" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="05CAA0F8CE90F979E28796AC8C80788B">3</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="FEF61D63514AEC847843A7C456E13E1F">276</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="7E6085CAC74537FF65F77A6D41048A27">310</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="EC5C0464E39A98DC0DD77554B225C011">http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.98847</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="E2F63F6B9588278D70436960188D5DC5">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FD102057C386EB76D02E04B6D7928BF7" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.98847</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="04B51F7C434C5149B81747CAB30C83E9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212738604" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:04B51F7C434C5149B81747CAB30C83E9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/04B51F7C434C5149B81747CAB30C83E9" lastPageNumber="276" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
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<subSubSection id="87C4396E009E9D427DA3167ABC69C4B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0B7D4DED4DD0CB036A5B63530865C184" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
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<taxonomicName id="DEDADA925AA93E25973C23FF38722436" ID-CoL="8VRHY" LSID="04B51F7C-434C-5149-B817-47CAB30C83E9" authority="L. (Linnaeus 1753: 972)" authorityName="L. (Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carex" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Carex L. (Linnaeus 1753: 972)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FBBEADB19A65F47AF80B744BC6805964" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="77FE1529B880B5044994FDAAEBB61026" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
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<taxonomicName id="02F23A317E10B401AB82808BAAAE985D" authorityName="C.G.D.Nees" authorityYear="1832" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenoxiphium" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Schoenoxiphium" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Schoenoxiphium</taxonomicName>
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Nees (
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<bibRefCitation id="19CADA4DE2C91399FFF6289867A689E0" author="Nees von Esenbeck, CG" journalOrPublisher="Linnaea" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" pagination="491 - 537" refId="B34" refString="Nees von Esenbeck, CG, 1832. Cyperaceae Capenses Ecklonianae. Linnaea 7 (4): 491 - 537" title="Cyperaceae Capenses Ecklonianae." volume="7" year="1832">Nees von Esenbeck 1832</bibRefCitation>
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: 531)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="73CB02C15393582BF6FC823B2B0C391D" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="ABBD487DA3F2B566B826E2D4B9AD3BD8" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9ACD37457ECAA676B9322ED7E5C26877" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
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<taxonomicName id="CBFD70767360B770320865611D5F2DD3" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carex hirta" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirta">
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<emphasis id="F14DDC856FEBD3A24A053A6ABEAAC086" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Carex hirta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="850244015242B05841D664B82A2AD13B" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9122CE981B1A3D253285330AAE378BD8" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Description of the genus.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5495C66E1B5D7534CA51A6AB861EDF4B" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Generally perennials, rarely annuals, caespitose or rhizomatous, sometimes forming a compact tussock. Culms central or lateral, mostly scapose, rarely with nodes, simple, smooth or scabrid. Leaves generally present, glabrous or rarely hairy, sheath often surrounding culm, ligule or sometimes contraligule present at the junction of the sheath and the blade. Primary bracts leaf-like or not, sheathing or not. Partial inflorescences spike-like, unisexual or bisexual, with few to many spirally arranged bracts (or glumes), either subtending a female spikelet or a male floret. Inflorescence terminal, rarely pseudolateral, paniculate, often partly or completely contracted, rarely corymbose or anthelate with few to numerous spikes, less frequently reduced to a single spike, cladoprophylls sometimes swollen at the base, utriculiform and subtending a female floret; inflorescence mostly bisexual, rarely unisexual or florets dioecious. Spikes male, female, or bisexual, and then mostly male florets apically, rarely basally, or intermingled; female spikelet reduced to the rachilla and a utriculiform, flower-bearing prophyll, completely enclosing the rachilla. Glumes 0 or 1. Floret unisexual; staminate flowers without scales; pistillate flowers with 1 scale with fused margins (perigynium) enclosing flower, open only at apex. Bristles absent. Stamens 1-3, filaments distinct, anthers linear. Style 2-3-fid, exserted, base not distinct, rarely thickened, persistent. Nutlets often obovoid, trigonous, or dorsiventrally compressed, sometimes remarkably malformed.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="111E6027251FA1E1426E98E36729D780" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="C00746A663B4029FE3AEE5A88B21EAFD" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="43CF5928E8676DCD93F0AB191A1E796A" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
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<taxonomicName id="C54978396FA6C19C96BE191DF27584E1" authorityName="L. (Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carex" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="BA77FBECE671A4CF2AE41B665C66BAAD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Carex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a cosmopolitan genus (
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<bibRefCitation id="AC374070858E3FFFCCB4A120196D597B" author="Persoon, CH" journalOrPublisher="3 e Aufl. O. R. Reisland, Leipzig" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" publicationUrl="http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" refId="B39" refString="2022. . http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" url="http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" year="2022">POWO 2022</bibRefCitation>
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). It grows in humid forest, wet grassland, in freshwater wetlands, on sand or rocks, usually at higher elevation.
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<taxonomicName id="F441CC55337F0CC24595D5A5F5EF1CF5" authorityName="L. (Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carex" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="50F8AEE62EFFE5D6F35A9C141ECC0273" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Carex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation id="86C38292789B0D4ACA609D0C3813A8B3" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A. Rhynchospora angolensis; photo taken in the Itremo Massif Protected Area by Fitiavana. Rasaminirina. B. Carex sp.; photo taken in the Mantadia National Park by Vida. Svahnstrom." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.98847.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/898163" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">12B</figureCitation>
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) occurs throughout Madagascar; 30 species are known.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="1ED6A5723E5A8B80C538F428054F1BEB" doi="10.5091/plecevo.98847.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/898163" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
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<paragraph id="3AEFF062963C8E589639952077155636" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
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<emphasis id="427F3756D79B6DFF16A9DD4C810FAAC1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Figure 12.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="85B0F61BCF8D9C1332E1BCD7DA63836C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">A</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="E456E49656D0E92D2ACDA19CF7F2480D" authorityName="Turrill" authorityYear="1914" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhynchospora angolensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angolensis">
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<emphasis id="A9B3F31C35DF6E9AA37F4A9D3E9EA82E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Rhynchospora angolensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; photo taken in the Itremo Massif Protected Area by Fitiavana. Rasaminirina.
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<emphasis id="2CF5E758E4902E3BFC1A5F315F6E0A76" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">B</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="AA1598BF5884998BCCBD23DC3A2F2221" authorityName="L. (Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carex" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B3ABC6F0E40B93AB930CC5712127253C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Carex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.; photo taken in the Mantadia National Park by Vida. Svahnstrom.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |