735 lines
94 KiB
XML
735 lines
94 KiB
XML
<document id="91FCF400D7DC862614E2B64BA30DC194" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3893.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2bf9de45-df17-4f15-b5be-31d9f26a9621" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="287578" ID-ZooBank="1D415B70-A128-4605-9C60-BDF6E3FE7CF5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460995678348" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Vijayakumar, S. P., Dinesh, K. P., Prabhu, Mrugank V. & Shanker, Kartik" docDate="2014" docId="03EC87DCB838FFE9B0F1FB2E132BFC3B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03893p488.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3893 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Raorchestes primarrumpfi Vijayakumar, Dinesh, Prabhu & Shanker, 2014, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="484" masterDocId="FFD5FFA4B824FFC8B066FFA5167CFFB0" masterDocTitle="Lineage delimitation and description of nine new species of bush frogs (Anura: Raorchestes, Rhacophoridae) from the Western Ghats Escarpment" masterLastPageNumber="488" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="479" updateTime="1698562711362" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="5760EBA01A92B056B26F1EEBE1528D5E">Lineage delimitation and description of nine new species of bush frogs (Anura: Raorchestes, Rhacophoridae) from the Western Ghats Escarpment</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3E9EFF9B72D04BA367353B307143DAD3">Vijayakumar, S. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2691728D0C2040DA32644C658CB7477B">Dinesh, K. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="650776BE7E6D338123B025AC188A428E">Prabhu, Mrugank V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="69509F5097B89AD3BA04EA242D0F50DD">Shanker, Kartik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="72FB4B171B098C64A74199E052EAD54C">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="304264BB8BFDA406B136C00C62DD2A6D">3893</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03EC87DCB838FFE9B0F1FB2E132BFC3B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5691712" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119597299" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5691712" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EC87DCB838FFE9B0F1FB2E132BFC3B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC87DCB838FFE9B0F1FB2E132BFC3B" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="484" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
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<subSubSection id="C35F6541B838FFD4B0F1FB2E1425FB15" box="[151,601,1162,1189]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB838FFD4B0F1FB2E1425FB15" blockId="28.[151,608,1162,1222]" box="[151,601,1162,1189]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
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<heading id="D0B281A6B838FFD4B0F1FB2E1425FB15" bold="true" box="[151,601,1162,1189]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B931EAD8B838FFD4B0F1FB2E1425FB15" bold="true" box="[151,601,1162,1189]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
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9.
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B838FFD4B0D2FB2F1788FB14" ID-CoL="794RS" box="[180,500,1162,1188]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="primarrumpfi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B931EAD8B838FFD4B0D2FB2F1788FB14" bold="true" box="[180,500,1162,1188]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Raorchestes primarrumpfi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20257A3B838FFD4B19DFB2E1425FB15" box="[507,601,1163,1189]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C35F6541B838FFD4B0F1FB08141CFB76" box="[151,608,1197,1222]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB838FFD4B0F1FB08141CFB76" blockId="28.[151,608,1162,1222]" box="[151,608,1197,1222]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
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(
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<figureCitation id="137E2A4FB838FFD4B0F8FB081777FB76" box="[158,267,1197,1222]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1974,1996]" captionTargetBox="[153,1412,218,1973]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,2009]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Geographic distribution of new species of bush frogs (Raorchestes) from Western Ghats. Orange filled circles" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287580/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Figures 2</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="137E2A4FB838FFD4B171FB0B175BFB76" box="[279,295,1198,1222]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. A" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[381,1214,235,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[347,1240,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A maximum likelihood tree for bush frogs, and in the Western Ghats, based on three MtDNA genes: 16 S, Cytb and ND 1. The lineages described are marked in red. Sub-clades are named on the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287581/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">3</figureCitation>
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,
|
||
<figureCitation id="137E2A4FB838FFD4B155FB0B172DFB76" box="[307,337,1198,1222]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,211,1952]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,193,1952]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 13. Raorchestes primarrumpfi sp. nov. (a) profile in life; (b) eye profile in life; (c) dorsal profile of holotype; (d) ventral profile (in life); (e) R. UI 427 (life); (f) R. tinniens (in life); (g) R. UI 427 (eye profile—in life); (h) R. UI 427 (ventral profile—in life)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287591/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">13</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="137E2A4FB838FFD4B13BFB0B1705FB76" box="[349,377,1198,1222]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1771,1793]" captionTargetBox="[300,1266,429,1727]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[257,1339,409,1746]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 14. Separation of male individuals of Raorchestes primarrumpfi sp. nov. (triangle) and Raorchestes UI 427 (circle) in multivariate space. Axes represent principal component scores." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287592/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">14</figureCitation>
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&
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||
<figureCitation id="137E2A4FB838FFD4B1FBFB0817C0FB76" box="[413,444,1197,1222]" captionStart="FIGURE 15. A" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1758,1780]" captionTargetBox="[211,1375,957,1733]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[211,1375,957,1733]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 15. A typical habitat of Raorchestes primarrumpfi sp. nov. Detection of the species was greater in the swampy grasslands. Locality: Avalanche zone, Nilgiri Massif." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287593/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">15</figureCitation>
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;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6C70371B838FFD4B1AEFB081459FB76" box="[456,549,1197,1222]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="10.[119,202,525,547]" captionTargetBox="[119,1832,583,1653]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="TABLE 2. Morphometric measurements for the exemplary specimens of new species of Raorchestes." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3A6642B82EFFC2B011FDA8121DFD92" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" tableUuid="DF3A6642B82EFFC2B011FDA8121DFD92">Tables 2</tableCitation>
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&
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<tableCitation id="C6C70371B838FFD4B22FFB0B142BFB76" box="[585,599,1198,1222]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="32.[151,239,296,319]" captionText="TABLE 3. Extant valid species of Raorchestes in Western Ghats." pageId="28" pageNumber="479">3</tableCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35F6541B838FFD6B0F1FB501500F81C" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="481" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB838FFD4B0F1FB501729FAE6" blockId="28.[151,1436,1269,2018]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
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<emphasis id="B931EAD8B838FFD4B0F1FB501771FABE" bold="true" box="[151,269,1269,1294]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
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<typeStatus id="54FE8868B838FFD4B0F1FB501774FABE" box="[151,264,1269,1294]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
|
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</emphasis>
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ZSI/
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/V/A/881 (
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||
1276), a male (SVL 21.0 mm), collected by S.P. Vijayakumar and Mayavan
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||
<date id="FFFB100AB838FFD4B16BFABF17F9FA82" box="[269,389,1306,1330]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" value="2011-06">June 2011</date>
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||
from a grassland site (
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE71500DB838FFD4B35EFABC15C8FA82" box="[824,948,1305,1330]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" precision="5" value="76.5443">76.5443 E</geoCoordinate>
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), Nilgiri Massif (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137E2A4FB838FFD4B4ECFABC12B0FA82" box="[1162,1228,1305,1330]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1987,2009]" captionTargetBox="[153,1399,236,1986]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,194,2010]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. A map of the Western Ghats showing the major physiographic features referred to in the text." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287579/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Fig 1</figureCitation>
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), Western Ghats, Peninsular
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||
<collectingCountry id="F352765AB838FFD4B172FA98172DFAE6" box="[276,337,1341,1366]" name="India" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">India</collectingCountry>
|
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.
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB838FFD4B0A1FAC41330FA2E" blockId="28.[151,1436,1269,2018]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
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<emphasis id="B931EAD8B838FFD4B0A1FAC41741FACA" bold="true" box="[199,317,1377,1402]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
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<typeStatus id="54FE8868B838FFD4B0A1FAC41744FACA" box="[199,312,1377,1402]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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ZSI/
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<collectionCode id="ED54AE0FB838FFD4B111FAC717B0FACA" box="[375,460,1378,1402]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">WGRC</collectionCode>
|
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/V/A/882 (
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<collectionCode id="ED54AE0FB838FFD4B220FAC714F2FACA" box="[582,654,1378,1402]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">CESF</collectionCode>
|
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441), a male (SVL
|
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<quantity id="4CBD9B2FB838FFD4B30EFAC715AEFACA" box="[872,978,1378,1402]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9899999999999998" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" unit="mm" value="19.9">19.9 mm</quantity>
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), collected by S.P. Vijayakumar,
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||
<date id="FFFB100AB838FFD4B52DFAC716B3FA2E" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" value="2009-08">August 2009</date>
|
||
from a grassland site (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE71500DB838FFD4B1ABFA23143BFA2D" box="[461,583,1414,1438]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" precision="5" value="11.2331">11.2331 N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE71500DB838FFD4B234FA2014B4FA2E" box="[594,712,1413,1438]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" precision="5" value="76.5443">76.5443 E</geoCoordinate>
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), Nilgiri Massif (
|
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<figureCitation id="137E2A4FB838FFD4B3EFFA2015B8FA2E" box="[905,964,1413,1438]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1987,2009]" captionTargetBox="[153,1399,236,1986]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,194,2010]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. A map of the Western Ghats showing the major physiographic features referred to in the text." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287579/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Fig 1</figureCitation>
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), Western Ghats, Peninsular
|
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<collectingCountry id="F352765AB838FFD4B56DFA201334FA2E" box="[1291,1352,1413,1438]" name="India" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">India</collectingCountry>
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.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB838FFD4B0A1FA0F1411F9C7" blockId="28.[151,1436,1269,2018]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EAD8B838FFD4B0A1FA0F17DEFA73" bold="true" box="[199,418,1450,1475]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Lineage diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B838FFD4B1CFFA0F14ACFA72" box="[425,720,1450,1474]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="primarrumpfi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B838FFD4B1CFFA0F14ACFA72" box="[425,720,1450,1474]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Raorchestes primarrumpfi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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<emphasis id="B931EAD8B838FFD4B2BEFA0C154AFA73" bold="true" box="[728,822,1449,1475]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20257A3B838FFD4B2BEFA0C154AFA73" box="[728,822,1449,1475]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
can be phylogenetically diagnosed as belonging to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B838FFD4B0F1FA6B1684FA57" box="[151,248,1486,1511]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="485" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinniens">Tinniens</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade (
|
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<figureCitation id="137E2A4FB838FFD4B12FFA6B17FBFA57" box="[329,391,1486,1511]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. A" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[381,1214,235,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[347,1240,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A maximum likelihood tree for bush frogs, and in the Western Ghats, based on three MtDNA genes: 16 S, Cytb and ND 1. The lineages described are marked in red. Sub-clades are named on the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287581/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Fig 3</figureCitation>
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||
), showing a well supported sister relationship with an another unidentified lineage occurring in sympatry. Despite its shallow genetic divergence (1–2 % on 16S gene) from its sympatric sister lineage, it exhibits high divergence in morphological characteristics both in the multivariate morphological space (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137E2A4FB838FFD4B54CF9B31309F99F" box="[1322,1397,1558,1583]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1771,1793]" captionTargetBox="[300,1266,429,1727]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[257,1339,409,1746]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 14. Separation of male individuals of Raorchestes primarrumpfi sp. nov. (triangle) and Raorchestes UI 427 (circle) in multivariate space. Axes represent principal component scores." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287592/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Fig 14</figureCitation>
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||
) as well in the dorsal and ventral coloration (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137E2A4FB838FFD4B201F99F14CFF9E3" box="[615,691,1594,1619]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,211,1952]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,193,1952]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 13. Raorchestes primarrumpfi sp. nov. (a) profile in life; (b) eye profile in life; (c) dorsal profile of holotype; (d) ventral profile (in life); (e) R. UI 427 (life); (f) R. tinniens (in life); (g) R. UI 427 (eye profile—in life); (h) R. UI 427 (ventral profile—in life)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287591/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Fig 13</figureCitation>
|
||
). Iris coloration and patterns (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137E2A4FB838FFD4B460F99F122CF9E3" box="[1030,1104,1594,1619]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,211,1952]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,193,1952]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 13. Raorchestes primarrumpfi sp. nov. (a) profile in life; (b) eye profile in life; (c) dorsal profile of holotype; (d) ventral profile (in life); (e) R. UI 427 (life); (f) R. tinniens (in life); (g) R. UI 427 (eye profile—in life); (h) R. UI 427 (ventral profile—in life)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287591/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Fig 13</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)) were also found to show distinct differences from its sister lineage.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB838FFD4B0A1F9261449F971" blockId="28.[151,1436,1269,2018]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B838FFD4B0A1F92617FEF92C" bold="true" box="[199,386,1667,1692]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Field diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B838FFD4B1EDF92114C8F92C" box="[395,692,1668,1692]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="primarrumpfi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B838FFD4B1EDF92114C8F92C" box="[395,692,1668,1692]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Raorchestes primarrumpfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B838FFD4B2D8F9261562F92D" bold="true" box="[702,798,1667,1693]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20257A3B838FFD4B2D8F9261562F92D" box="[702,798,1667,1693]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
can be distinguished from the related congeners by the following combination of characters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB838FFD6B0A1F9691466FED4" blockId="28.[151,1436,1269,2018]" lastBlockId="30.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="481" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B838FFD4B0A1F969171DF955" bold="true" box="[199,353,1740,1765]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Morphology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B838FFD4B10CF96814E8F955" box="[362,660,1741,1765]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="primarrumpfi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B838FFD4B10CF96814E8F955" box="[362,660,1741,1765]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Raorchestes primarrumpfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B838FFD4B2F9F969157DF956" bold="true" box="[671,769,1740,1766]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20257A3B838FFD4B2F9F969157DF956" box="[671,769,1740,1766]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
can be distinguished by its (1) shorter tibia length (ShL/ SVL=0.32 (0.31–0.35, n=5) (vs. ShL/SVL=0.45 (0.43–46, n=3) in the unidentified lineage and ShL/SVL=0.41 (0.41–42, n=3) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B838FFD4B116F8B31791F89D" box="[368,493,1814,1837]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinniens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B838FFD4B116F8B31791F89D" box="[368,493,1814,1837]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">R. tinniens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) shorter thigh length (TL/SVL = 0.35, n=5) (vs. TL/SVL=0.45, n=
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B2FB838FFD4B526F8B31312F89E" box="[1344,1390,1813,1838]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
the unidentified lineage and TL/SVL=0.44, n=
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B2FB838FFD4B211F89F14DCF8E2" box="[631,672,1849,1874]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B838FFD4B2C0F89F1561F8E1" box="[678,797,1850,1873]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinniens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B838FFD4B2C0F89F1561F8E1" box="[678,797,1850,1873]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">R. tinniens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (3) smaller size (males) (SVL=20 (18.4–21.0, n=5) (vs. 22 (21–22.8, n=3) in the unidentified lineage); (4) shorter head length (HL/SVL=0.26 (0.24–0.28, n=5) (vs. 0.37 (0.35–0.38, n=3) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B838FFD4B1E7F8271780F829" box="[385,508,1922,1945]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinniens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B838FFD4B1E7F8271780F829" box="[385,508,1922,1945]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">R. tinniens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (5) shorter snout length (SL/SVL=0.11 (0.10–0.13, n=5) (vs. 0.15, n=3) in the unidentified lineage); (6) unique iris coloration, lower part dark maroon and upper half speckled with iridescent golden and silvery colour (vs. uniform brown in the unidentified lineage and uniform brown with golden speckles in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B83AFFD6B0DEFF3C1749FF1F" box="[184,309,152,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="481" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinniens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B83AFFD6B0DEFF3C1749FF1F" box="[184,309,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">R. tinniens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (7) dorsum largely granular, dark olive and with a consistent pattern of three distinct maroon longitudinal discontinuous stripes (vs. highly variable dorsum coloration with no distinct pattern in the related lineages); (8) two distinct maroon blotches on the eyelids extending slightly into inter-orbital space (vs. absent in the other lineages) (9) ventral coloration is white with a bluish wash towards sides (vs. shades of yellow, areolate skin, semi-transparent with yellow blotches in some individuals and shades of yellow with black spots in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B83AFFD6B5E2FE8C146AFED4" authority="Biju and Bossuyt 2009" authorityName="Biju and Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="481" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinniens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B83AFFD6B5E2FE8C168CFED4" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">R. tinniens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB83AFFD6B090FEE9146AFED4" author="Biju" box="[246,534,332,357]" pageId="30" pageNumber="481" refString="Biju, S. D & Bossuyt, F. (2009) Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 155, 374 - 444. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2008.00466. x" type="journal article" year="2009">(Biju and Bossuyt 2009))</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3A6642B839FFD5B0F1F80516BCF844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287591/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="480" targetBox="[153,1433,211,1952]" targetPageId="29">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB839FFD5B0F1F80516BCF844" blockId="29.[151,1436,1952,2036]" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B839FFD5B0F1F8051763F806" bold="true" box="[151,287,1952,1974]" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B839FFD5B143F8051456F806" box="[293,554,1952,1974]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="480" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="primarrumpfi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B839FFD5B143F8051456F806" box="[293,554,1952,1974]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">Raorchestes primarrumpfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B839FFD5B256F8051402F806" bold="true" box="[560,638,1952,1974]" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20257A3B839FFD5B256F8051402F806" box="[560,638,1952,1974]" pageId="29" pageNumber="480" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(a) profile in life; (b) eye profile in life; (c) dorsal profile of holotype; (d) ventral profile (in life); (e)
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B839FFD5B13FF8651713F865" box="[345,367,1984,2005]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">R.</emphasis>
|
||
UI 427 (life); (f)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B839FFD5B279F86514F5F865" box="[543,649,1984,2005]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="480" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinniens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B839FFD5B279F86514F5F865" box="[543,649,1984,2005]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">R. tinniens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in life); (g)
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B839FFD5B36DF865155DF865" box="[779,801,1984,2005]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">R.</emphasis>
|
||
UI 427 (eye profile—in life); (h)
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B839FFD5B414F86512F5F865" box="[1138,1161,1984,2005]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="480">R.</emphasis>
|
||
UI 427 (ventral profile—in life)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF3A6642B83AFFD6B0F1F94E154DF892" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287592/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="481" targetBox="[300,1266,429,1727]" targetPageId="30">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB83AFFD6B0F1F94E154DF892" blockId="30.[151,1436,1770,1826]" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B83AFFD6B0F1F94E175CF8B1" bold="true" box="[151,288,1771,1793]" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
|
||
Separation of male individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B83AFFD6B2E4F94E15F2F8B1" box="[642,910,1771,1793]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="481" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="primarrumpfi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B83AFFD6B2E4F94E15F2F8B1" box="[642,910,1771,1793]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">Raorchestes primarrumpfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B83AFFD6B3F2F94F1597F8B1" bold="true" box="[916,1003,1770,1793]" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20257A3B83AFFD6B3F2F94F1597F8B1" box="[916,1003,1770,1793]" pageId="30" pageNumber="481" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(triangle) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B83AFFD6B4E4F94E1281F8B1" box="[1154,1277,1771,1793]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="481" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B83AFFD6B4E4F94E1281F8B1" box="[1154,1277,1771,1793]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">Raorchestes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
UI 427 (circle) in multivariate space. Axes represent principal component scores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB83AFFD6B0A1F8E91500F81C" blockId="30.[151,1436,1868,2037]" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B83AFFD6B0A1F8E9172EF8D5" bold="true" box="[199,338,1868,1893]" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">Geography.</emphasis>
|
||
Restricted in range to the very high elevations of the Nilgiri Massif (see natural history and distribution for details). Overlaps broadly in its geographical range with an unidentified lineage and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B83AFFD6B49CF8D4130AF838" box="[1274,1398,1905,1928]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="481" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="signatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B83AFFD6B49CF8D41377F838" box="[1274,1291,1905,1928]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">R</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B83AFFD6B57FF8D4130AF838" box="[1305,1398,1905,1928]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">signatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B83AFFD6B0A1F8311757F81D" bold="true" box="[199,299,1940,1965]" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
Observed to be restricted to grasslands and swamps.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35F6541B83AFFD7B0A1F81D1582FC36" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="482" pageId="30" pageNumber="481" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB83AFFD7B0A1F81D131EFEF0" blockId="30.[151,1436,1868,2037]" lastBlockId="31.[151,1437,151,902]" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="482" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B83AFFD6B0A1F81D1559F861" bold="true" box="[199,805,1976,2001]" pageId="30" pageNumber="481">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FE8868B83AFFD6B11EF81D17A2F861" box="[376,478,1976,2001]" pageId="30" pageNumber="481" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(all measurements in mm).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A small sized squat bush frog (SVL = 21.0 mm), width of head broader than head length (HW =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B2FB83AFFD6B218F87914A6F844" box="[638,730,2012,2037]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="30" pageNumber="481" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
; HL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B2FB83AFFD6B354F87915F3F845" box="[818,911,2012,2037]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="30" pageNumber="481" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
), arched, flat dorsally; snout rounded in total profile, slightly protruding beyond mouth. Snout length is equal to diameter of eye (SL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B2FB83BFFD7B4E9FF32129BFF1F" box="[1167,1255,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, EL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B2FB83BFFD7B553FF3D13ECFF00" box="[1333,1424,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Canthus rostralis rounded, loreal region slightly concave. Interorbital space (IUE =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B2FB83BFFD7B42AFF1912D8FF64" box="[1100,1188,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
) flat and sub equal to upper eyelid (UEW =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B2FB83BFFD7B1F2FF451793FF48" box="[404,495,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Interorbital space between posterior margins of the eyes 1.9 times that of anterior margins (IFE = 3.5, IBE =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B2FB83BFFD7B1A1FEA1145EFEAC" box="[455,546,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="6.6">6.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Nostrils oval, nearer to tip of snout. Weak symphysial knob. Pupil horizontal. Tympanum indistinct. Tongue bifid, granular with a papilla. Supratympanic fold from behind eye to shoulder.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB83BFFD7B0A1FEE91580FE1F" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,902]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
|
||
Relative length of fingers I<II<IV<III. Finger tips with small disks (fd3 =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B2FB83BFFD7B464FEE91226FED4" box="[1026,1114,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, fw3 =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B2FB83BFFD7B4CCFEE9137DFED4" box="[1194,1281,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
) with distinct circum–marginal grooves, fingers with dermal fringes on both sides. Webbing on palm absent, subarticular tubercles indistinct, pre-pollex indistinct and supernumerary tubercles absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB83BFFD7B0A1FE1F173BFDD3" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,902]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F352765AB83BFFD7B0A1FE1F1683FE63" box="[199,255,442,467]" name="India" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
limb short, heels fall apart when folded at right angles to the body. Thigh/Femur (TL = 7.0 mm), sub equal to Shank/Tibia (ShL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B2FB83BFFD7B1BDFE7B144EFE47" box="[475,562,478,503]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and foot (FOL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B2FB83BFFD7B299FE7B152AFE47" box="[767,854,478,503]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="6.6">6.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
) but less than heel to tip of fourth toe (TFOL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B2FB83BFFD7B50DFE7A16BBFDAB" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="10.8">10.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Relative toe length I<II<III<V<IV, webbing rudimentary, web formula (I 1-
|
||
<date id="FFFB100AB83BFFD7B451FDA61223FDAA" box="[1079,1119,515,539]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">1 II</date>
|
||
1-
|
||
<date id="FFFB100AB83BFFD7B41DFDA612F0FDAB" box="[1147,1164,515,539]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">2</date>
|
||
III 1½-
|
||
<date id="FFFB100AB83BFFD7B482FDA7136BFDAA" box="[1252,1303,514,539]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">3 IV</date>
|
||
2½-1½ V). Tibiotarsal articulation reaches shoulder region. Outer metatarsal tubercle, supernumerary tubercles and tarsal tubercle absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB83BFFD7B0A1FDCB1582FC36" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,902]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B83BFFD7B0A1FDCB171FFD37" bold="true" box="[199,355,622,647]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Color in life.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsum, background olive with a dark maroon longitudinal disconnected striped pattern, the pattern extending on to outer two fingers on the forelimb and femur, tibia, tarsus and outer toe on the hind limb. Canthus ridge darker extending to the tip of snout and flesh coloured, with olive patches, in a few individuals. Laterally, behind shoulders a distinct flesh coloured patch hidden in resting position; bluish white small blotches along the lateral sides and distinct blotches towards groin and anterior femur on a maroon background, this pattern is variable across individuals. Ventrally white, with a light bluish wash towards lateral edges. Ventral parts of tibia and tarsus with elongated white patches on a fleshy background. Iris, lower 1/3rd dark maroon, upper half speckled with iridescent golden and silvery colour and outer posterior orbital ring blue.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF3A6642B83BFFD7B0F1F97B14CEF8A6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287593/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" targetBox="[211,1375,957,1733]" targetPageId="31">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB83BFFD7B0F1F97B14CEF8A6" blockId="31.[151,1435,1757,1814]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B83BFFD7B0F1F97B175EF944" bold="true" box="[151,290,1758,1780]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
|
||
A typical habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B83BFFD7B265F97B156DF944" box="[515,785,1758,1780]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="primarrumpfi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B83BFFD7B265F97B156DF944" box="[515,785,1758,1780]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Raorchestes primarrumpfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B83BFFD7B37CF978150FF944" bold="true" box="[794,883,1757,1780]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20257A3B83BFFD7B37CF978150FF944" box="[794,883,1757,1780]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Detection of the species was greater in the swampy grasslands. Locality: Avalanche zone, Nilgiri Massif.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35F6541B83BFFE8B0A1F8E01734FEC0" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="483" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB83BFFD7B0A1F8E017E2F816" blockId="31.[151,1436,1861,2031]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B83BFFD7B0A1F8E01732F8EE" bold="true" box="[199,334,1861,1886]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Derived and modified from ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B83BFFD7B2FAF8E3153FF8EE" box="[668,835,1862,1886]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Primarrumpf’,</emphasis>
|
||
a
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F352765AB83BFFD7B339F8E315C5F8EE" box="[863,953,1862,1886]" name="Germany" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">German</collectingCountry>
|
||
term used by geomorphologists to refer to remnant primitive surfaces of Gondwanaland. In the Western Ghats Escarpment, these surfaces occur in the Nilgiri and Anaimalai massifs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB83BFFE8B0A1F8141255FF48" blockId="31.[151,1436,1861,2031]" lastBlockId="32.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="483" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B83BFFD7B0A1F814142EF87A" bold="true" box="[199,594,1969,1994]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Natural history and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
All the calling males were observed amidst dense grass clumps and herbs in the montane grasslands and the detection of this species was higher in swampy grasslands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137E2A4FB83BFFD7B4D0F870137FF85E" box="[1206,1283,2005,2030]" captionStart="FIGURE 15. A" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1758,1780]" captionTargetBox="[211,1375,957,1733]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[211,1375,957,1733]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 15. A typical habitat of Raorchestes primarrumpfi sp. nov. Detection of the species was greater in the swampy grasslands. Locality: Avalanche zone, Nilgiri Massif." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287593/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Fig 15</figureCitation>
|
||
). It exhibits a narrow geographical range and is restricted in distribution to the montane zone (
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B2FB804FFE8B447FF3212BEFF1F" box="[1057,1218,151,176]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2855" metricValueMax="2.359" metricValueMin="2.2119999999999997" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" unit="m" value="2285.5" valueMax="2359.0" valueMin="2212.0">2212−2359 m</quantity>
|
||
, n=13) towards the western edge of the Nilgiri Massif (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137E2A4FB804FFE8B24EFF191419FF64" box="[552,613,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1987,2009]" captionTargetBox="[153,1399,236,1986]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,194,2010]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. A map of the Western Ghats showing the major physiographic features referred to in the text." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287579/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Fig 1</figureCitation>
|
||
&
|
||
<figureCitation id="137E2A4FB804FFE8B2ECFF1914E7FF64" box="[650,667,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1974,1996]" captionTargetBox="[153,1412,218,1973]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,2009]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Geographic distribution of new species of bush frogs (Raorchestes) from Western Ghats. Orange filled circles" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287580/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">2</figureCitation>
|
||
). The higher elevations of the Camels Hump Massif, adjacent to the Nilgiri Massif, might hold a relative of this lineage and needs further exploration.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3A6642B804FFE8B0F1FE8D1533FE8F" box="[151,847,295,319]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F1FE8D1533FE8F" blockId="32.[151,847,295,319]" box="[151,847,295,319]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B0F1FE8D1775FE8F" bold="true" box="[151,265,296,319]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">TABLE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Extant valid species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B26FFE8214F6FE8F" box="[521,650,295,319]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B26FFE8214F6FE8F" box="[521,650,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Western Ghats.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FEFF1734FEC0" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" box="[159,328,346,368]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Sl. No Species</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35F6541B804FFE9B0F9FE21132BFC3B" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="484" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FE2114CCFE5E" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
1
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFE211305FE2A" ID-CoL="4RJ9C" authority="Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh, 2011" authorityName="Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh" authorityYear="2011" box="[252,1401,388,410]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agasthyaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFE211477FE2A" box="[252,523,388,410]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes agasthyaensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B277FE211305FE2A" author="Zachariah" box="[529,1401,388,410]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Zachariah, A., Dinesh, K. P., Kunhikrishnan, E., Das, S., Raju, D., Radhakrishnan, C., Palot, M. J. & Kalesh, S. (2011) Nine new species of frogs of the genus Raorchestes (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from southern Western Ghats, India. BioSystematica, 5 (1), 25 - 48." type="journal article" year="2011">Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
2
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFE0B1571FE74" ID-CoL="4RJ9D" authority="Biju and Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju and Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[252,781,430,452]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="akroparallagi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFE0B1475FE74" box="[252,521,430,452]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes akroparallagi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B273FE0B157AFE74" author="Biju" box="[533,774,430,452]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Biju, S. D & Bossuyt, F. (2009) Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 155, 374 - 444. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2008.00466. x" type="journal article" year="2009">Biju and Bossuyt, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
3
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFE7D14CCFE5E" ID-CoL="6X53Q" authority="Biju and Bossuyt, 2006" authorityName="Biju and Bossuyt" authorityYear="2006" box="[252,688,472,494]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anili">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFE7D17D7FE5E" box="[252,427,472,494]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes anili</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B1DEFE7D14D4FE5E" author="Biju" box="[440,680,472,494]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Biju, S. D. & Bossuyt, F. (2006) Two new species of Philautus (Anura, Ranidae, Rhacophorinae) from the Western Ghats, India. Amphibia-Reptilia, 27, 1 - 9. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853806776051985" type="journal article" year="2006">Biju and Bossuyt, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FDA71452FDA8" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" box="[159,558,514,536]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
4
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFDA717A5FDA8" box="[252,473,514,536]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="archaeos" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFDA717A5FDA8" box="[252,473,514,536]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes archaeos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20257A3B804FFE8B1B9FDA61452FDA8" box="[479,558,515,536]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FD89146AFDF2" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" box="[159,534,556,578]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
5
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFD8917BDFDF2" ID-CoL="4RJ9H" box="[252,449,556,578]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFD8917BDFDF2" box="[252,449,556,578]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes aureus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20257A3B804FFE8B1A1FD88146AFDF2" box="[455,534,557,578]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FDF314FFFDDC" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" box="[159,643,598,620]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
6
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFDF314FFFDDC" ID-CoL="4RJ9J" authority="Gunther, 1876" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1876" box="[252,643,598,620]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beddomii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFDF317A7FDDC" box="[252,475,598,620]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes beddomii</emphasis>
|
||
(Gunther, 1876)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FD24145EFD26" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" box="[159,546,640,662]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
7
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFD2517B1FD26" ID-CoL="4RJ9K" box="[252,461,640,662]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blandus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFD2517B1FD26" box="[252,461,640,662]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes blandus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20257A3B804FFE8B1B5FD24145EFD26" box="[467,546,641,662]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FD0F1498FD70" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" box="[159,740,682,704]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
8
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFD0F1498FD70" ID-CoL="4RJ9L" authority="Biju and Bossuyt, 2005" authorityName="Biju and Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[252,740,682,704]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bobingeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFD0F17A3FD70" box="[252,479,682,704]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes bobingeri</emphasis>
|
||
(Biju and Bossuyt, 2005)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FD7114BFFD5A" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" box="[159,707,724,746]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
9
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFD7114BFFD5A" ID-CoL="4RJ9M" authority="Annandale, 1919" authorityName="Annandale" authorityYear="1919" box="[252,707,724,746]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bombayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFD71147CFD5A" box="[252,512,724,746]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes bombayensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B26BFD7114C0FD5A" author="Annandale" box="[525,700,724,746]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Annandale, N. (1919) The fauna of certain small streams in the Bombay Presidency: Some frogs from streams in the Bombay Presidency. Records of the Indian Museum, 16, 109 - 161." type="journal article" year="1919">Annandale, 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FD5B14E9FCA4" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" box="[159,661,766,788]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
10
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFD5B14E9FCA4" ID-CoL="4RJ9N" authority="Gunther, 1876" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1876" box="[252,661,766,788]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chalazodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFD5B1791FCA4" box="[252,493,766,788]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes chalazodes</emphasis>
|
||
(Gunther, 1876)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FC8D143BFC8E" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" box="[159,583,808,830]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
11
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFC8D143BFC8E" ID-CoL="4RJ9P" authority="Rao, 1937" authorityName="Rao" authorityYear="1937" box="[252,583,808,830]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="charius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFC8D17B5FC8E" box="[252,457,808,830]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes charius</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B1B0FC8D143DFC8E" author="Rao" box="[470,577,808,830]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Rao, C. R. N. (1937) On some new forms of Batrachia from South India. Proceedings of Indian Academy of Sciences, 6, 387 - 427." type="journal article" year="1937">Rao, 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FCF714BDFC22" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
12
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFCF71576FCD8" ID-CoL="4RJ9Q" authority="Biju and Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju and Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[252,778,850,872]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chlorosomma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFCF7147AFCD8" box="[252,518,850,872]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes chlorosomma</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B275FCF7157FFCD8" author="Biju" box="[531,771,850,872]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Biju, S. D & Bossuyt, F. (2009) Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 155, 374 - 444. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2008.00466. x" type="journal article" year="2009">Biju and Bossuyt, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
13
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFCD914BDFC22" ID-CoL="4RJ9R" authority="Biju and Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju and Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[252,705,892,914]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chotta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFCD917C0FC22" box="[252,444,892,914]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes chotta</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B1AFFCD914C6FC22" author="Biju" box="[457,698,892,914]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Biju, S. D & Bossuyt, F. (2009) Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 155, 374 - 444. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2008.00466. x" type="journal article" year="2009">Biju and Bossuyt, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FC0314B9FB8A" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
14
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFC031558FC0C" ID-CoL="4RJ9T" authority="Biju and Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju and Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[252,804,934,956]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chromasynchysi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFC031463FC0C" box="[252,543,934,956]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes chromasynchysi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B24AFC031561FC0C" author="Biju" box="[556,797,934,956]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Biju, S. D & Bossuyt, F. (2009) Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 155, 374 - 444. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2008.00466. x" type="journal article" year="2009">Biju and Bossuyt, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
15
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFC75157BFC56" ID-CoL="6X542" authority="Biju and Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju and Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[252,775,976,998]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coonoorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFC75147FFC56" box="[252,515,976,998]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes coonoorensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B276FC75157CFC56" author="Biju" box="[528,768,976,998]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Biju, S. D & Bossuyt, F. (2009) Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 155, 374 - 444. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2008.00466. x" type="journal article" year="2009">Biju and Bossuyt, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
16
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFC5F134EFBA0" ID-CoL="4RJ9V" authority="Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh, 2011" authorityName="Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh" authorityYear="2011" box="[252,1330,1018,1040]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crustai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFC5F17BFFBA0" box="[252,451,1018,1040]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes crustai</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B1AFFC5F134EFBA0" author="Zachariah" box="[457,1330,1018,1040]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Zachariah, A., Dinesh, K. P., Kunhikrishnan, E., Das, S., Raju, D., Radhakrishnan, C., Palot, M. J. & Kalesh, S. (2011) Nine new species of frogs of the genus Raorchestes (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from southern Western Ghats, India. BioSystematica, 5 (1), 25 - 48." type="journal article" year="2011">Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
17
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFB8114B9FB8A" ID-CoL="4RJ9X" authority="Biju and Bossuyt, 2006" authorityName="Biju and Bossuyt" authorityYear="2006" box="[252,709,1060,1082]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dubois">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFB8117BDFB8A" box="[252,449,1060,1082]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes dubois</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B1ABFB8114C2FB8A" author="Biju" box="[461,702,1060,1082]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Biju, S. D. & Bossuyt, F. (2006) Two new species of Philautus (Anura, Ranidae, Rhacophorinae) from the Western Ghats, India. Amphibia-Reptilia, 27, 1 - 9. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853806776051985" type="journal article" year="2006">Biju and Bossuyt, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FBEB144FFBD4" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" box="[159,563,1102,1124]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
18
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFBEB17A2FBD4" ID-CoL="4RJ9Y" box="[252,478,1102,1124]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="echinatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFBEB17A2FBD4" box="[252,478,1102,1124]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20257A3B804FFE8B182FBEA144FFBD4" box="[484,563,1103,1124]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FBDD1450FB3E" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" box="[159,556,1144,1166]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
19
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFBDD17ABFB3E" ID-CoL="4RJ9Z" box="[252,471,1144,1166]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="emeraldi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFBDD17ABFB3E" box="[252,471,1144,1166]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes emeraldi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20257A3B804FFE8B1BBFBDC1450FB3E" box="[477,556,1145,1166]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FB0714C5FB08" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" box="[159,697,1186,1208]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
20
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFB0714D3FB08" ID-CoL="78SS2" authority="Boulenger, 1882" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1882" box="[252,687,1186,1208]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flaviventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFB071793FB08" box="[252,495,1186,1208]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes flaviventris</emphasis>
|
||
(Boulenger, 1882)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
*
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FB69142EFB52" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" box="[159,594,1228,1250]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
21
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFB691781FB52" ID-CoL="78SRQ" box="[252,509,1228,1250]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flaviocularis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFB691781FB52" box="[252,509,1228,1250]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes flaviocularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20257A3B804FFE8B265FB68142EFB52" box="[515,594,1229,1250]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FB5314EDFA86" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
22
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFB5315EAFABC" ID-CoL="78T3Q" authority="Padhye, Sayyed, Jadhav and Dahanukar, 2013" authorityName="Padhye, Sayyed, Jadhav and Dahanukar" authorityYear="2013" box="[252,918,1270,1292]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ghatei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFB5317C0FABC" box="[252,444,1270,1292]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes ghatei</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B1A4FB5315EAFABC" author="Padhye" box="[450,918,1270,1292]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Padhye, A., Sayyed, A., Jadhav, A. & Dahanukar, N. (2013) Raorchestes ghatei, a new species of shrub frog (Anura: Rhacophoridae) From the Western Ghats of Maharashtra, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 5, 4913 - 4931. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11609 / jott. o 3702.4913 - 31" type="journal article" year="2013">Padhye, Sayyed, Jadhav and Dahanukar, 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
23
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFA8514EDFA86" ID-CoL="78T42" authority="Jerdon, 1853" authorityName="Jerdon" authorityYear="1853" box="[252,657,1312,1334]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glandulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFA85178BFA86" box="[252,503,1312,1334]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes glandulosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Jerdon, 1853)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FAEF1428FA3A" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
24
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFAEF1576FAD0" ID-CoL="794RQ" authority="Biju and Bossuyt, 2005" authorityName="Biju and Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[252,778,1354,1376]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graminirupes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFAEF1479FAD0" box="[252,517,1354,1376]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes graminirupes</emphasis>
|
||
(Biju and Bossuyt, 2005)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
25
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFAD11428FA3A" ID-CoL="794S2" authority="Bossuyt, 2002" authorityName="Bossuyt" authorityYear="2002" box="[252,596,1396,1418]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griet">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFAD117D1FA3A" box="[252,429,1396,1418]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes griet</emphasis>
|
||
(Bossuyt, 2002)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FA3B1403FA1B" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" box="[159,639,1438,1463]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
26
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFA041408FA07" ID-CoL="79542" authority="Rao, 1937" authorityName="Rao" authorityYear="1937" box="[252,628,1441,1463]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hassanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFA04178AFA07" box="[252,502,1441,1463]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes hassanensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B265FA041411FA07" author="Rao" box="[515,621,1441,1463]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Rao, C. R. N. (1937) On some new forms of Batrachia from South India. Proceedings of Indian Academy of Sciences, 6, 387 - 427." type="journal article" year="1937">Rao, 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B21EFA3B1403FA1B" box="[632,639,1438,1451]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">#</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FA6F146EFA50" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" box="[159,530,1482,1504]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
27
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFA6F17C2FA50" ID-CoL="6WSRP" box="[252,446,1482,1504]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indigo" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFA6F17C2FA50" box="[252,446,1482,1504]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes indigo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20257A3B804FFE8B1A2FA6E146EFA50" box="[452,530,1483,1504]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9FA5114A1F9BA" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" box="[159,733,1524,1546]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
28
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AFA5114A1F9BA" ID-CoL="6X4RP" authority="Biju and Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju and Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[252,733,1524,1546]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AFA5117A4F9BA" box="[252,472,1524,1546]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes jayarami</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B183FA5114AAF9BA" author="Biju" box="[485,726,1524,1546]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Biju, S. D & Bossuyt, F. (2009) Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 155, 374 - 444. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2008.00466. x" type="journal article" year="2009">Biju and Bossuyt, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9F9BB14B1F938" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
29
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AF9BB133DF984" ID-CoL="6X53P" authority="Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh, 2011" authorityName="Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh" authorityYear="2011" box="[252,1345,1566,1588]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="johnceei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AF9BB17AFF984" box="[252,467,1566,1588]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes johnceei</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B1BFF9BB133DF984" author="Zachariah" box="[473,1345,1566,1588]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Zachariah, A., Dinesh, K. P., Kunhikrishnan, E., Das, S., Raju, D., Radhakrishnan, C., Palot, M. J. & Kalesh, S. (2011) Nine new species of frogs of the genus Raorchestes (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from southern Western Ghats, India. BioSystematica, 5 (1), 25 - 48." type="journal article" year="2011">Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
30
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AF9ED1310F9EE" ID-CoL="78SRP" authority="Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh, 2011" authorityName="Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh" authorityYear="2011" box="[252,1388,1608,1630]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kadalarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AF9ED1781F9EE" box="[252,509,1608,1630]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes kadalarensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B262F9ED1310F9EE" author="Zachariah" box="[516,1388,1608,1630]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Zachariah, A., Dinesh, K. P., Kunhikrishnan, E., Das, S., Raju, D., Radhakrishnan, C., Palot, M. J. & Kalesh, S. (2011) Nine new species of frogs of the genus Raorchestes (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from southern Western Ghats, India. BioSystematica, 5 (1), 25 - 48." type="journal article" year="2011">Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
31
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AF9D714B1F938" ID-CoL="78T3P" authority="Biju and Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju and Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[252,717,1650,1672]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kaikatti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AF9D717B5F938" box="[252,457,1650,1672]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes kaikatti</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B1B0F9D714BBF938" author="Biju" box="[470,711,1650,1672]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Biju, S. D & Bossuyt, F. (2009) Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 155, 374 - 444. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2008.00466. x" type="journal article" year="2009">Biju and Bossuyt, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9F9391446F96C" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
32
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AF939152FF902" ID-CoL="794RP" authority="Seshadri, Gururaja and Aravind, 2012" authorityName="Seshadri, Gururaja and Aravind" authorityYear="2012" box="[252,851,1692,1714]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kakachi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AF93917B0F902" box="[252,460,1692,1714]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes kakachi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B1B4F939152FF902" author="Seshadri" box="[466,851,1692,1714]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Seshadri, K., Gururaja, K. & Aravind, N. (2012) A new species of Raorchestes (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from midelevation evergreen forests of the southern Western Ghats, India. Zootaxa, 3410, 19 - 34." type="journal article" year="2012">Seshadri, Gururaja and Aravind, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
33
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AF9631799F96C" ID-CoL="6WT44" box="[252,485,1734,1756]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucolatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AF9631799F96C" box="[252,485,1734,1756]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes leucolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20257A3B804FFE8B18DF9621446F96C" box="[491,570,1735,1756]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9F955148FF8B6" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" box="[159,755,1776,1798]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
34
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AF955148FF8B6" ID-CoL="6WSS4" authority="Kuramoto and Joshy, 2003" authorityName="Kuramoto and Joshy" authorityYear="2003" box="[252,755,1776,1798]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luteolus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AF95517B1F8B6" box="[252,461,1776,1798]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes luteolus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B1BCF9551490F8B6" author="Kuramoto" box="[474,748,1776,1798]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Kuramoto, M. & Joshi, S. H. (2003) Two new species of the genus Philautus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from the Western Ghats, Southwestern India. Current Herpetology, 22, 51 - 60. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5358 / hsj. 22.51" type="journal article" year="2003">Kuramoto and Joshy, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9F8BF14C1F8EA" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
35
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AF8BF1332F880" ID-CoL="6X4RS" authority="Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh, 2011" authorityName="Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh" authorityYear="2011" box="[252,1358,1818,1840]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="manohari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AF8BF17A3F880" box="[252,479,1818,1840]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes manohari</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B183F8BF1332F880" author="Zachariah" box="[485,1358,1818,1840]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Zachariah, A., Dinesh, K. P., Kunhikrishnan, E., Das, S., Raju, D., Radhakrishnan, C., Palot, M. J. & Kalesh, S. (2011) Nine new species of frogs of the genus Raorchestes (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from southern Western Ghats, India. BioSystematica, 5 (1), 25 - 48." type="journal article" year="2011">Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
36
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AF8E114C1F8EA" ID-CoL="6X4S4" authority="Biju and Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju and Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[252,701,1860,1882]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marki">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AF8E117C4F8EA" box="[252,440,1860,1882]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes marki</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB804FFE8B1A3F8E114CAF8EA" author="Biju" box="[453,694,1860,1882]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refString="Biju, S. D & Bossuyt, F. (2009) Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 155, 374 - 444. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2008.00466. x" type="journal article" year="2009">Biju and Bossuyt, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE8B0F9F8CB14FFF8CB" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" box="[159,643,1902,1927]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
37
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B804FFE8B09AF8D41404F837" ID-CoL="3QFCL" authority="Jerdon, 1875" authorityName="Jerdon" authorityYear="1875" box="[252,632,1905,1927]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B09AF8D417A3F837" box="[252,479,1905,1927]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Raorchestes montanus</emphasis>
|
||
(Jerdon, 1875)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B21AF8CB14FFF8CB" box="[636,643,1902,1915]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">#</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB804FFE9B407F83F1734FF50" blockId="32.[159,1432,346,1968]" lastBlockId="33.[159,1375,160,854]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="484" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B804FFE8B407F83F13E4F800" box="[1121,1432,1946,1968]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">......continued on the next page</emphasis>
|
||
Sl. No Species
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3A6642B805FFE9B0F9FF0517F1FF06" box="[159,397,160,182]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB805FFE9B0F9FF0517F1FF06" blockId="33.[159,1375,160,854]" box="[159,397,160,182]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B805FFE9B0F9FF051770FF06" bold="true" box="[159,268,160,182]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">TABLE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
(Continued)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB805FFE9B0F9FF51157EFEBA" blockId="33.[159,1375,160,854]" box="[159,770,244,266]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
38
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B805FFE9B09AFF51157EFEBA" ID-CoL="6X544" authority="Biju and Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju and Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[252,770,244,266]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="munnarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B805FFE9B09AFF511781FEBA" box="[252,509,244,266]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Raorchestes munnarensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB805FFE9B26CFF511487FEBA" author="Biju" box="[522,763,244,266]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refString="Biju, S. D & Bossuyt, F. (2009) Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 155, 374 - 444. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2008.00466. x" type="journal article" year="2009">Biju and Bossuyt, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB805FFE9B0F9FEB81483FE83" blockId="33.[159,1375,160,854]" box="[159,767,285,308]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
39
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B805FFE9B09AFEB81483FE83" ID-CoL="78SRS" authority="Biju and Bossuyt, 2005" authorityName="Biju and Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[252,767,285,308]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nerostagona">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B805FFE9B09AFEB81786FE84" box="[252,506,285,308]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Raorchestes nerostagona</emphasis>
|
||
(Biju and Bossuyt, 2005)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB805FFE9B0F9FEED14A6FE38" blockId="33.[159,1375,160,854]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
40
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B805FFE9B09AFEED12EAFEEE" ID-CoL="78SS4" authority="Gururaja, Dinesh, Palot, Radhakrishnan and Ramachandra, 2007" authorityName="Gururaja, Dinesh, Palot, Radhakrishnan and Ramachandra" authorityYear="2007" box="[252,1174,328,350]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ochlandrae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B805FFE9B09AFEED178CFEEE" box="[252,496,328,350]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Raorchestes ochlandrae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB805FFE9B19BFEED12F3FEEE" author="Gururaja" box="[509,1167,328,350]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refString="Gururaja, K. V., Dinesh, K. P., Palot, M. J., Radhakrishnan, C. & Ramachandra, T. V. (2007) A new species of Philautus Gistel (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from southern Western Ghats, India. Zootaxa, 1621, 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="2007">Gururaja, Dinesh, Palot, Radhakrishnan and Ramachandra, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
41
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B805FFE9B09AFED714A6FE38" ID-CoL="78T44" authority="Biju and Bossuyt, 2005" authorityName="Biju and Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[252,730,370,392]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ponmudi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B805FFE9B09AFED717AAFE38" box="[252,470,370,392]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Raorchestes ponmudi</emphasis>
|
||
(Biju and Bossuyt, 2005)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB805FFE9B0F9FE391427FE02" blockId="33.[159,1375,160,854]" box="[159,603,412,434]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
42
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B805FFE9B09AFE39147BFE02" ID-CoL="794RS" box="[252,519,412,434]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="primarrumpfi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B805FFE9B09AFE39147BFE02" box="[252,519,412,434]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Raorchestes primarrumpfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20257A3B805FFE9B26BFE381427FE02" box="[525,603,413,434]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB805FFE9B0F9FE6314ECFD80" blockId="33.[159,1375,160,854]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
43
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B805FFE9B09AFE631367FE6C" ID-CoL="794S4" authority="Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh, 2011" authorityName="Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh" authorityYear="2011" box="[252,1307,454,476]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B805FFE9B09AFE6317D1FE6C" box="[252,429,454,476]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Raorchestes ravii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB805FFE9B1D5FE631367FE6C" author="Zachariah" box="[435,1307,454,476]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refString="Zachariah, A., Dinesh, K. P., Kunhikrishnan, E., Das, S., Raju, D., Radhakrishnan, C., Palot, M. J. & Kalesh, S. (2011) Nine new species of frogs of the genus Raorchestes (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from southern Western Ghats, India. BioSystematica, 5 (1), 25 - 48." type="journal article" year="2011">Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
44
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B805FFE9B09AFE55159BFDB6" ID-CoL="7953S" authority="Biju, Shouche, Dubois, Dutta and Bossuyt, 2010" authorityName="Biju, Shouche, Dubois, Dutta and Bossuyt" authorityYear="2010" box="[252,999,496,518]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="resplendens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B805FFE9B09AFE551789FDB6" box="[252,501,496,518]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Raorchestes resplendens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB805FFE9B19DFE55159BFDB6" author="Biju" box="[507,999,496,518]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refString="Biju, S. D, Shouche, Y., Dubois, A., Dutta, S. & Bossuyt, F. (2010) A ground-dwelling rhacophorid frog from the highest mountain peak of the Western Ghats of India. Current Science, 98, 1119 - 1125." type="journal article" year="2010">Biju, Shouche, Dubois, Dutta and Bossuyt, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
45
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B805FFE9B09AFDBF14ECFD80" ID-CoL="4RJB3" authority="Boulenger, 1882" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1882" box="[252,656,538,560]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="signatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B805FFE9B09AFDBF17ADFD80" box="[252,465,538,560]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Raorchestes signatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Boulenger, 1882)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB805FFE9B0F9FDE114B8FDEA" blockId="33.[159,1375,160,854]" box="[159,708,580,602]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
46
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B805FFE9B09AFDE114B8FDEA" ID-CoL="4RJB5" authority="Biju and Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju and Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[252,708,580,602]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sushili">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B805FFE9B09AFDE117C3FDEA" box="[252,447,580,602]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Raorchestes sushili</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB805FFE9B1AAFDE114C1FDEA" author="Biju" box="[460,701,580,602]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refString="Biju, S. D & Bossuyt, F. (2009) Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 155, 374 - 444. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2008.00466. x" type="journal article" year="2009">Biju and Bossuyt, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB805FFE9B0F9FDCB141AFD68" blockId="33.[159,1375,160,854]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
47
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B805FFE9B09AFDCB1323FD34" ID-CoL="4RJB7" authority="Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh, 2011" authorityName="Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh" authorityYear="2011" box="[252,1375,622,644]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="theuerkaufi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B805FFE9B09AFDCB178CFD34" box="[252,496,622,644]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Raorchestes theuerkaufi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB805FFE9B190FDCB1323FD34" author="Zachariah" box="[502,1375,622,644]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refString="Zachariah, A., Dinesh, K. P., Kunhikrishnan, E., Das, S., Raju, D., Radhakrishnan, C., Palot, M. J. & Kalesh, S. (2011) Nine new species of frogs of the genus Raorchestes (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from southern Western Ghats, India. BioSystematica, 5 (1), 25 - 48." type="journal article" year="2011">Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
48
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B805FFE9B09AFD3D1352FD1E" ID-CoL="4RJB8" authority="Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh, 2011" authorityName="Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh" authorityYear="2011" box="[252,1326,664,686]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thodai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B805FFE9B09AFD3D17C2FD1E" box="[252,446,664,686]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Raorchestes thodai</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB805FFE9B1A2FD3D1352FD1E" author="Zachariah" box="[452,1326,664,686]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refString="Zachariah, A., Dinesh, K. P., Kunhikrishnan, E., Das, S., Raju, D., Radhakrishnan, C., Palot, M. J. & Kalesh, S. (2011) Nine new species of frogs of the genus Raorchestes (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from southern Western Ghats, India. BioSystematica, 5 (1), 25 - 48." type="journal article" year="2011">Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
* 49
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B805FFE9B09AFD67141AFD68" ID-CoL="4RJB9" authority="Jerdon, 1853" authorityName="Jerdon" authorityYear="1853" box="[252,614,706,728]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinniens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B805FFE9B09AFD6717B1FD68" box="[252,461,706,728]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Raorchestes tinniens</emphasis>
|
||
(Jerdon, 1853)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB805FFE9B0F9FD4914B4FCB2" blockId="33.[159,1375,160,854]" box="[159,712,748,770]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
50
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B805FFE9B09AFD4914B4FCB2" ID-CoL="6X4S3" authority="Boulenger, 1891" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1891" box="[252,712,748,770]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="travancoricus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B805FFE9B09AFD491476FCB2" box="[252,522,748,770]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Raorchestes travancoricus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB805FFE9B271FD4914BDFCB2" author="Boulenger" box="[535,705,748,770]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refString="Boulenger, G. (1891) Description of a new species of frog obtained by Mr. HS Ferguson in Travancore, South India. Journal of Bombay Natural History Society, 6, 450." type="journal article" year="1891">Boulenger, 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB805FFE9B0F9FCB31547FC9C" blockId="33.[159,1375,160,854]" box="[159,827,790,812]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
51
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B805FFE9B09AFCB31547FC9C" ID-CoL="4RJBB" authority="Kuramoto and Joshy, 2003" authorityName="Kuramoto and Joshy" authorityYear="2003" box="[252,827,790,812]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberohumerus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B805FFE9B09AFCB31469FC9C" box="[252,533,790,812]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Raorchestes tuberohumerus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB805FFE9B244FCB31548FC9C" author="Kuramoto" box="[546,820,790,812]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refString="Kuramoto, M. & Joshi, S. H. (2003) Two new species of the genus Philautus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from the Western Ghats, Southwestern India. Current Herpetology, 22, 51 - 60. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5358 / hsj. 22.51" type="journal article" year="2003">Kuramoto and Joshy, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB805FFE9B0F9FCE51337FCE6" blockId="33.[159,1375,160,854]" box="[159,1355,832,854]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
52
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D49B805FFE9B09AFCE51337FCE6" ID-CoL="4RJBC" authority="Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh, 2011" authorityName="Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh" authorityYear="2011" box="[252,1355,832,854]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Raorchestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="uthamani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B805FFE9B09AFCE517A1FCE6" box="[252,477,832,854]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Raorchestes uthamani</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B3BB805FFE9B185FCE51337FCE6" author="Zachariah" box="[483,1355,832,854]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refString="Zachariah, A., Dinesh, K. P., Kunhikrishnan, E., Das, S., Raju, D., Radhakrishnan, C., Palot, M. J. & Kalesh, S. (2011) Nine new species of frogs of the genus Raorchestes (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from southern Western Ghats, India. BioSystematica, 5 (1), 25 - 48." type="journal article" year="2011">Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot and Kalesh, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA36CAB805FFE9B0F1FCD1132BFC3B" blockId="33.[151,1367,882,907]" box="[151,1367,882,907]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EAD8B805FFE9B0F1FCD116D8FC3B" bold="true" box="[151,164,884,907]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">*</emphasis>
|
||
species not included in the phylogenetic tree; # details of revalidation will be dealt elsewhere (under preparation)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |