113 lines
16 KiB
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113 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="63B4EB140D736C76726D5C436C71A32B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4858.1.11" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4411478" ID-ZooBank="93DB37F6-2564-4E3A-AA25-4A842994BE68" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609608099647" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gale, Andrew S." docDate="2020" docId="0397B63B5276FFDFFF13FE4565D8FC2D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4858.1.11.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4858 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hyalinothricinae Fisher 1911" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="148" masterDocId="FFAECE435272FFDBFF84FFBB6517FF88" masterDocTitle="The fossil record of the asteroid (Echinodermata) family Chaetasteridae Sladen 1889 and subfamily Hyalothricinae Fisher, 1911" masterLastPageNumber="150" masterPageNumber="144" pageNumber="148" updateTime="1698829810915" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="8EF2972A18BE8C80F21D72A5E6449C85">The fossil record of the asteroid (Echinodermata) family Chaetasteridae Sladen 1889 and subfamily Hyalothricinae Fisher, 1911</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="6E5CE39EF7BAE942C4B9EEBD51A5E818" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3172CB28CC1AC242CA5EDABA68C0527E">Gale, Andrew S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E386EAC04E3AE7EE4A762C9B572D6149">School of the Environment, Geography and Geological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Burnaby Building, Burnaby Road, Portsmouth PO 13 QL U. K. & Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 75 BD U. K.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="2E57FE6B49EA7F2253E5F7B71EAD714E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="8140B6D26186EB823F1EFDCDAA89CB79">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="27E6C1063B4265B322D427D881490E12">2020-09-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DBEAB824D23C9CD2BEB3EAD7F21A8725">4858</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="EB3AD72CFE824E2388EEA40D961BE658" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4858.1.11</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="27E967E591D7A0E3E520E92938E75224" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0397B63B5276FFDFFF13FE4565D8FC2D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4510554" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4510554" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0397B63B5276FFDFFF13FE4565D8FC2D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0397B63B5276FFDFFF13FE4565D8FC2D" lastPageNumber="148" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">
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<subSubSection id="C32454A65276FFDFFF13FE456798FD90" box="[151,655,510,536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B81072D5276FFDFFF13FE456798FD90" blockId="4.[151,655,510,536]" box="[151,655,510,536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">
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<heading id="D0C9B0415276FFDFFF13FE456798FD90" bold="true" box="[151,655,510,536]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B94ADB3F5276FFDFFF13FE456798FD90" bold="true" box="[151,655,510,536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">
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Subfamily
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E7CAE5276FFDFFE9BFE456798FD90" ID-CoL="844TH" authority="Fisher, 1911" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1911" box="[287,655,510,536]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hyalinothricinae">
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Hyalinothricinae
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAF7ADC5276FFDFFE7EFE456798FD90" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[506,655,510,536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" pagination="659 - 664" refId="ref2558" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1911) Hyalinothrix, a new genus of starfishes from the Hawaiian Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 39, 659 - 664, pls. 69 - 71. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.39 - 1807.659" type="journal article" year="1911">Fisher, 1911</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32454A65276FFDFFF13FDFC671BFD0D" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B81072D5276FFDFFF13FDFC671BFD0D" blockId="4.[151,1437,583,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">
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<emphasis id="B94ADB3F5276FFDFFF13FDFC6474FDE9" bold="true" box="[151,355,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Included genera.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E7CAE5276FFDFFEE9FDFC6781FDE9" authority="Fisher, 1911" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1911" box="[365,662,583,609]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ganeriidae" genus="Hyalinothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94ADB3F5276FFDFFEE9FDFC64EBFDE9" box="[365,508,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Hyalinothrix</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAF7ADC5276FFDFFD82FDFC6781FDE9" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[518,662,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" pagination="659 - 664" refId="ref2558" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1911) Hyalinothrix, a new genus of starfishes from the Hawaiian Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 39, 659 - 664, pls. 69 - 71. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.39 - 1807.659" type="journal article" year="1911">Fisher, 1911</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E7CAE5276FFDFFD21FDFC66A9FDE9" authority="Jangoux, 1984" authorityName="Jangoux" authorityYear="1984" box="[677,958,583,609]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Seriaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94ADB3F5276FFDFFD21FDFC661DFDE9" box="[677,778,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Seriaster</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAF7ADC5276FFDFFC91FDFC66A9FDE9" author="Jangoux, M." box="[789,958,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" pagination="279 - 293" refId="ref2891" refString="Jangoux, M. (1984) asterides littoraux de Nouvelle-Caledonie. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Series 4, 6 A (Zoologie, Biologie et Ecologie animale), 2, 279 - 293." type="journal article" year="1984">Jangoux, 1984</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E7CAE5276FFDFFC49FDFC61F8FDE9" authority="Fisher, 1913" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1913" box="[973,1263,583,609]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ganeriidae" genus="Tarachaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94ADB3F5276FFDFFC49FDFC6144FDE9" box="[973,1107,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Tarachaster</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAF7ADC5276FFDFFBDAFDFC61F8FDE9" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[1118,1263,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" pagination="201 - 224" refId="ref2613" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1913) New starfishes from the Phillippine Islands, Celebes and the Moluccas. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 46, 201 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.46 - 2022.201" type="journal article" year="1913">Fisher, 1913</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E7CAE5276FFDFFB7AFDFC6403FD0D" authority="Hess, 1970" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1970" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Chaetasterina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94ADB3F5276FFDFFB7AFDFC608AFDE9" box="[1278,1437,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Chaetasterina</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAF7ADC5276FFDFFF13FDD06403FD0D" author="Hess, H." box="[151,276,619,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" pagination="1069 - 1091" refId="ref2858" refString="Hess, H. (1970) Schlangensterne and Seesterne aus dem oberen Hauterivian " Pierre Jaune " von St-Blaise bei Neuchatel. Eclogae geologiae Helvetica, 63, 1069 - 1091." type="journal article" year="1970">Hess, 1970</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAF7ADC5276FFDFFEA6FDD06717FD0D" author="Mah, C. L. & Fujita, T." box="[290,512,619,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" pagination="67 - 100" refId="ref3021" refString="Mah, C. L. & Fujita, T. (2020) New species and occurrences of Japanese Solasteridae and Ganeriidae including a new species of Paralophaster from the Pacific with an overview of Hyalinothrix. Zootaxa, 4750 (1), 67 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4750.1.4" type="journal article" year="2020">Mah & Fujita 2020</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32454A65276FFDFFF43FD3561B8FD45" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B81072D5276FFDFFF43FD3561B8FD45" blockId="4.[151,1437,583,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">
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<emphasis id="B94ADB3F5276FFDFFF43FD356455FD20" bold="true" box="[199,322,654,680]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Abactinals small, paxillose, imbricating; supero- and inferomarginals small, of equal size. All external ossicles bear a tuft of densely packed, glassy spines, positioned on a raised central region.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32454A65276FFDFFF43FD6C65D8FC2D" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B81072D5276FFDFFF43FD6C65D8FC2D" blockId="4.[151,1437,583,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">
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<emphasis id="B94ADB3F5276FFDFFF43FD6C642CFD79" bold="true" box="[199,315,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Remarks.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E7CAE5276FFDFFEC2FD6C64C2FD79" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1911" box="[326,469,727,753]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ganeriidae" genus="Hyalinothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94ADB3F5276FFDFFEC2FD6C64C2FD79" box="[326,469,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Hyalinothrix</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was removed from the
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E7CAE5276FFDFFD77FD6C6118FD79" authority="Sladen, 1889" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[755,1039,727,753]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ganeriidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">
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Ganeriidae
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAF7ADC5276FFDFFCFDFD6C6118FD79" author="Sladen W. P." box="[889,1039,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" pagination="1 - 935" refId="ref3176" refString="Sladen W. P. (1889) The Asteroidea. Report of the scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, Zoology, 30, 1 - 935, pls. 1 - 118." type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and the subfamily
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E7CAE5276FFDFFB72FD6C608BFD79" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1911" box="[1270,1436,727,753]" class="Asteroidea" family="Chaetasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hyalothricinae">Hyalothricinae</taxonomicName>
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placed in the family
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E7CAE5276FFDFFE01FD406711FC9D" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[389,518,763,789]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Asterinidae</taxonomicName>
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on the basis of molecular evidence, supported by some morphological features, notably the imbricating abactinal plates and the presence of paxillae similar to those developed in some asterinids (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAF7ADC5276FFDFFF1BFCF8646BFCD5" author="Mah, C. L. & Fujita, T." box="[159,380,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" pagination="67 - 100" refId="ref3021" refString="Mah, C. L. & Fujita, T. (2020) New species and occurrences of Japanese Solasteridae and Ganeriidae including a new species of Paralophaster from the Pacific with an overview of Hyalinothrix. Zootaxa, 4750 (1), 67 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4750.1.4" type="journal article" year="2020">Mah & Fujita 2020</bibRefCitation>
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). The genus has well-developed, but small supero- and inferomarginals (
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<figureCitation id="13051BA85276FFDFFB20FCF861ECFCD5" box="[1188,1275,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1838,1862]" captionTargetBox="[180,1405,188,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-22@3.[174,1414,181,1814]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. A, B, Arthraster dixoni Forbes, 1848, small individual, in abactinal (A) and actinal (B) views; Middle Turonian, Dieppe, France; Collection of Nicolas Cottard, Offranville, Normany, France. C–I, Chaetasterina gracilis Hess, 1970. Holotype (NMB Hess A 94), Upper Hauterivian, Neuchâtel, Switzerland, original of Hess (1970: figs 9–14, pl. 3: fig. 5); C, abactinal view; D, actinal view; E–G enlargement of abactinal ossicles; H, I, enlargement of adambulacrals (ad) and inferomarginal (im). J–M, Hyalinothrix sp., Recent, Philippines, AS Gale coll. J, actinal view; K, abactinal view; L, enlargement of ossicles of denuded ambulacral groove; M, enlargement of denuded abactinal surface." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411482/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Fig. 2L</figureCitation>
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); the paxillose abactinal ossicles possess imbricating basal processes and form a tessellation around the large popular pores (
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<figureCitation id="13051BA85276FFDFFAEBFCDC65D5FC2D" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1838,1862]" captionTargetBox="[180,1405,188,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-22@3.[174,1414,181,1814]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. A, B, Arthraster dixoni Forbes, 1848, small individual, in abactinal (A) and actinal (B) views; Middle Turonian, Dieppe, France; Collection of Nicolas Cottard, Offranville, Normany, France. C–I, Chaetasterina gracilis Hess, 1970. Holotype (NMB Hess A 94), Upper Hauterivian, Neuchâtel, Switzerland, original of Hess (1970: figs 9–14, pl. 3: fig. 5); C, abactinal view; D, actinal view; E–G enlargement of abactinal ossicles; H, I, enlargement of adambulacrals (ad) and inferomarginal (im). J–M, Hyalinothrix sp., Recent, Philippines, AS Gale coll. J, actinal view; K, abactinal view; L, enlargement of ossicles of denuded ambulacral groove; M, enlargement of denuded abactinal surface." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411482/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Fig. 2M</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |