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<document id="458832EAE6C61236F94BF3A95A8E5DA1" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.158466" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d5d8bbf6-677e-4341-923a-60deb8e2fa0d" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="158466" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461037551613" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Greathead, David J. &amp; Evenhuis, Neal L." docDate="2004" docId="8B54AF764C70FF89FED9FDD76CE9F98A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00773.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 773" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Parisus fucatus Bezzi 1921" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="776DD70E4C66FF91FFD1FFE26F70FFBC" masterDocTitle="New species of Bombylioidea in Mario Bezzis Unpublished Hungarian Museum Manuscript" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1698574864920" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="4BA9163F34A312C93654374D8455FFD1">New species of Bombylioidea in Mario Bezzis Unpublished Hungarian Museum Manuscript</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="99B2A10EF47557F87199F923B64E309D">Greathead, David J.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="8B54AF764C70FF89FED9FDD76CE9F98A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6270410" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119609308" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6270410" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B54AF764C70FF89FED9FDD76CE9F98A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8B54AF764C70FF89FED9FDD76CE9F98A" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<subSubSection id="4BE74DEB4C70FF87FED9FDD76E1EFDC4" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="03421E604C70FF87FED9FDD76D1BFDF3" blockId="22.[264,619,565,632]" box="[264,619,565,591]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="580AA90C4C70FF87FED9FDD76D1BFDF3" bold="true" box="[264,619,565,591]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C70FF87FED9FDD76D1BFDF3" ID-CoL="4DMYP" authority="Bezzi, 1921" authorityName="Bezzi" authorityYear="1921" box="[264,619,565,591]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Parisus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fucatus">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FED9FDD76D1BFDF3" bold="true" box="[264,619,565,591]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FED9FDD76EB4FDF3" bold="true" box="[264,452,565,591]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Parisus fucatus</emphasis>
(Bezzi, 1921)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C70FF87FED9FDBC6E1EFDC4" blockId="22.[264,619,565,632]" box="[264,366,606,632]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
(
<figureCitation id="9BC602E54C70FF87FEC0FDBC6E15FDC4" box="[273,357,606,632]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 16" captionStartId="22.[264,383,290,314]" captionText="FIGURES 11 16. Lectotype specimens of species of Bombyliidae referred to in Bezzis manuscript. 11, Bombylius phaeopterus Bezzi, male habitus (lectotype in BMNH). 12, Bombylius fucatus Bezzi [= Parisus], male habitus (lectotype in MSNM). 13, Pantostomus gibbiventris Bezzi, female habitus (lectotype in MSNM). 14, Tomomyza barbatula Bezzi, male habitus (lectotype in MSNM). 15 16, Tomomyza pallipes Bezzi (lectotype in MSNM). 15, male habitus. 16, wing." pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4BE74DEB4C70FF87FED9FD7D6EBCFA22" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph id="03421E604C70FF87FED9FD7D6D2AFD66" blockId="22.[264,1323,670,1438]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
14.
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C70FF87FEEAFD7D6D69FD04" box="[315,537,671,696]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fucatus">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FEEAFD7D6D69FD04" box="[315,537,671,696]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Bombylius fucatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
1ɗ1Ψ
<collectingCountry id="7BEA5EF04C70FF87FDA9FD7D6C65FD05" box="[632,789,671,697]" name="South Africa" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(Eastern Cape): Willowmore,
<date id="774338A04C70FF87FB47FD7D6B86FD05" box="[1174,1270,671,697]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1907-01-01">1.i.1907</date>
(H. Brauns). MS page 7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C70FF87FEE9FD3D6D1AFD4A" blockId="22.[264,1323,670,1438]" box="[312,618,735,759]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FEE9FD3D6EB5FD4B" bold="true" box="[312,453,735,759]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Bezzi, 1921a</emphasis>
: 14 key only.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C70FF87FEE9FD1F6C0CFCD1" blockId="22.[264,1323,670,1438]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Bezzi, 1922: 72 ex Willowmore
<date id="774338A04C70FF87FD7DFD1F6D9FFCA8" box="[684,751,765,788]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1907-01">i.1907</date>
&amp; 1911 (in HNHM and Bezzi personal collection [= MSNM]).
<typeStatus id="DC46A0C24C70FF87FE08FCF96D40FC8E" box="[473,560,795,818]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
located in MSNM 1ɗ Capland, Willowmore,
<date id="774338A04C70FF87FBFDFCF96B1FFC8E" box="[1068,1135,795,818]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1911-01">i.1911</date>
(H. Brauns) and an orange label 38 Bezzi; also a 1Ψ OFS, Bloemfontein,
<date id="774338A04C70FF87FC27FCDB6B1CFCEC" box="[1014,1132,825,848]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1914-11-23">23.xi.1914</date>
(the latter specimen considered here not a part of the
<typeStatus id="DC46A0C24C70FF87FD2AFCB46C59FCD1" box="[763,809,854,877]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">type</typeStatus>
series).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C70FF87FEE9FC966D2DFC37" blockId="22.[264,1323,670,1438]" box="[312,605,884,907]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Bezzi, 1924: 47 key only.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C70FF87FEE9FC706B7DFBBD" blockId="22.[264,1323,670,1438]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Hesse, 1938: 182 full description of 1ɗ2Ψ from Willowmore formerly in Braunss personal collection (see remarks). Descriptions of other closely allied species:
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C70FF87FB98FC4D6EF4FC58" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calviniensis">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FB98FC4D6EF4FC58" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Bombylius calviniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hesse
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FE01FC2E6D21FC58" bold="true" box="[464,593,972,996]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">SYN. NOV.</emphasis>
(p. 198),
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C70FF87FD69FC2F6C5CFC58" box="[696,812,973,996]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FD69FC2F6C5CFC58" box="[696,812,973,996]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B. imitator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hesse
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FCA9FC2E6C89FC58" bold="true" box="[888,1017,972,996]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">SYN. NOV.</emphasis>
(p. 185),
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C70FF87FBB1FC2F6B95FC58" box="[1120,1253,973,996]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anomalus">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FBB1FC2F6B95FC58" box="[1120,1253,973,996]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B. anomalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hesse
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FEB9FC086E99FBBE" bold="true" box="[360,489,1002,1026]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">SYN. NOV.</emphasis>
(p. 196) here synonymised with
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C70FF87FC98FC086B79FBBD" authority="Bezzi" authorityName="Bezzi" box="[841,1033,1002,1025]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fucatus">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FC98FC086CC0FBBD" box="[841,944,1002,1025]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. fucatus</emphasis>
(Bezzi)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C70FF87FEE9FBEA6B65FB80" blockId="22.[264,1323,670,1438]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Hesse, 1961: 68 discussed variability of
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C70FF87FCD4FBEA6CBBFBA3" box="[773,971,1032,1055]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fucatus">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FCD4FBEA6CBBFBA3" box="[773,971,1032,1055]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Bombylius fucatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FC0DFBEA6B68FBA3" box="[988,1048,1032,1055]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">sensu</emphasis>
Hesse) and synonymised
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C70FF87FEB9FBC76D24FB80" box="[360,596,1061,1084]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudopsis">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FEB9FBC76D24FB80" box="[360,596,1061,1084]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Bombylius pseudopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hesse and
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C70FF87FD1FFBC76C0CFB80" box="[718,892,1061,1084]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="icteroglaenus">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FD1FFBC76C0CFB80" box="[718,892,1061,1084]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B. icteroglaenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hesse with it.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C70FF87FEE9FBA16DDDFBCB" blockId="22.[264,1323,670,1438]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Bowden, 1980: 392 replaced the preoccupied
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C70FF87FC86FBA16B59FBE6" box="[855,1065,1091,1114]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FC86FBA16B59FBE6" box="[855,1065,1091,1114]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Bombylius imitator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hesse with
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C70FF87FB6BFBA16D55FBCB" authority="Bowden" authorityName="Bowden" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erroneus">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FB6BFBA16EB6FBC4" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Bombylius erroneus</emphasis>
Bowden
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2ABA7F094C70FF87FDFDFB826DDDFBCB" box="[556,685,1120,1144]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FDFDFB826DD7FBC4" bold="true" box="[556,679,1120,1144]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">SYN. NOV</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C70FF87FEE9FB9C6C94FB29" blockId="22.[264,1323,670,1438]" box="[312,996,1150,1173]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Greathead, 1995: 59 transferred
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C70FF87FD77FB9C6C1AFB29" box="[678,874,1150,1173]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fucatus">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FD77FB9C6C1AFB29" box="[678,874,1150,1173]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Bombylius fucatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C70FF87FC5DFB9C6CADFB29" box="[908,989,1150,1173]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Parisus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FC5DFB9C6CADFB29" box="[908,989,1150,1173]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Parisus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C70FF87FEE9FB796ED7FB51" blockId="22.[264,1323,670,1438]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Evenhuis &amp; Greathead, 1999: 165 listed only 4
<typeStatus id="DC46A0C24C70FF87FC9BFB796CD8FB0E" box="[842,936,1179,1202]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
in HNHM (destroyed) and replaced the preoccupied
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C70FF87FDC8FB5B6D84FB6C" authority="(Hesse)" baseAuthorityName="Hesse" box="[537,756,1209,1232]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anomalus">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FDC8FB5B6DECFB6C" box="[537,668,1209,1232]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. anomalus</emphasis>
(Hesse)
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C70FF87FCE3FB5B6B9AFB6C" authority="Evenhuis and Greathead" authorityName="Evenhuis and Greathead" box="[818,1258,1209,1232]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Parisus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neoanomalus">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FCE3FB5B6CAAFB6C" box="[818,986,1209,1232]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. neoanomalus</emphasis>
Evenhuis and Greathead
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2ABA7F094C70FF87FB24FB5A6ED7FB51" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FB24FB5A6ED0FB52" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">SYN NOV</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C70FF87FEE9FB116EBCFA22" blockId="22.[264,1323,670,1438]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FEE9FB116E08FAB7" bold="true" box="[312,376,1267,1291]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<typeStatus id="DC46A0C24C70FF87FEE9FB116E08FAB7" box="[312,376,1267,1291]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Types</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: The four
<typeStatus id="DC46A0C24C70FF87FE23FB166D3FFAB7" box="[498,591,1268,1291]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
in HNHM were destroyed in 1956. Another
<typeStatus id="DC46A0C24C70FF87FB90FB166BE4FAB7" box="[1089,1172,1268,1291]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
was found in Bezzis collection in MSNM. The male specimen labelled 38 Bezzi in Brauns's collection is doubtfully a
<typeStatus id="DC46A0C24C70FF87FDE6FACD6DFAFAFA" box="[567,650,1327,1350]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
(see below) and there is even less evidence that Bezzi had seen the two unlabelled female specimens in Brauns's collection. Thus the only remaining specimen that is certainly a
<typeStatus id="DC46A0C24C70FF87FDB5FA886DC7FA3D" box="[612,695,1386,1409]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
is the male in MSNM, which is here designated
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FB15FA886A5AFA3E" bold="true" box="[1220,1322,1386,1410]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<typeStatus id="DC46A0C24C70FF87FB15FA886A5AFA3E" box="[1220,1322,1386,1410]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="9BC602E54C70FF87FEA1FA656ECFFA22" box="[368,447,1415,1438]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 16" captionStartId="22.[264,383,290,314]" captionText="FIGURES 11 16. Lectotype specimens of species of Bombyliidae referred to in Bezzis manuscript. 11, Bombylius phaeopterus Bezzi, male habitus (lectotype in BMNH). 12, Bombylius fucatus Bezzi [= Parisus], male habitus (lectotype in MSNM). 13, Pantostomus gibbiventris Bezzi, female habitus (lectotype in MSNM). 14, Tomomyza barbatula Bezzi, male habitus (lectotype in MSNM). 15 16, Tomomyza pallipes Bezzi (lectotype in MSNM). 15, male habitus. 16, wing." pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4BE74DEB4C70FF86FED9FA206CA3FAFA" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="03421E604C70FF87FED9FA206BE0F8D0" blockId="22.[264,1324,1474,1900]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C70FF87FED9FA206E0AFA60" bold="true" box="[264,378,1474,1500]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Remarks</emphasis>
: The
<typeStatus id="DC46A0C24C70FF87FE18FA206D45FA60" box="[457,565,1474,1500]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
specimen corresponds with the characters in Bezzis (1921a; 1924) keys, except that the underside of the head is pale and not black. Notably, as specified in the keys it does not have dark bristly hairs on the abdomen. The manuscript description is brief but specifies yellow hair (no mention of black); eyes of male narrowly separated; proboscis black above, red beneath; scape of male black, female yellow, remainder of antenna black; thorax black with submedian vittae; scutellum red, base narrowly black; abdomen black with sides narrowly red and sternites with narrow red posterior margins; hair dense, denser at posterior margins of segments; legs yellow, only last two tarsomeres black; hind femora with 68 long yellow ventral bristles; wing of male with base and fore margin very feebly infuscated; cell r5 obtuse and with a long stalk, discal cell with m­m long; r­m crossvein distinctly beyond middle of discal cell.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C71FF86FEE9FEFE6D72FCAA" blockId="23.[264,1324,284,1350]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
The specimens described by Hesse (1938) do have dark bristly hairs on the abdomen. In addition the male has totally black antennae and not reddish scape and pedicel as specified in Bezzis keys but not in his description. Hesse (1938) states that in addition to
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C71FF86FB3AFE8E6ED9FE11" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fucatus">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C71FF86FB3AFE8E6ED9FE11" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Bombylius fucatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Bezzi in Brauns handwriting, the single male bears a label 38 Bezzi (
<figureCitation id="9BC602E54C71FF86FB2AFE766E66FE6A" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[264,367,1585,1609]" captionTargetBox="[265,1321,283,1529]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[265,1321,281,1552]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Examples of Bezzi labels. A, samples of Bezzi handwriting from two determination labels. B, labels from Exoprosopa fuscescens. C, labels from Bombylius braunsi [= Australoechus]. D, labels from Bombylius fucatus [= Parisus]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169593/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
d), which he considered to be in Bezzis handwriting and as proof that it was part of the original batch sent to Bezzi. However, the 38 Bezzi label on the MSNM
<typeStatus id="DC46A0C24C71FF86FBBAFE066BB6FE42" box="[1131,1222,484,510]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
is not in Bezzis handwriting, which suggests that the labels may have been added by Brauns to identify the specimens as, in his opinion, conspecific and labelled by himself before sending the MSNM specimen to Bezzi for identification? Hesse (1938) refers to three unlabelled female specimens (except for the label Bezzi
<date id="774338A04C71FF86FC11FD666C83FD22" box="[960,1011,644,670]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">I. 5</date>
on one of them) from Willowmore in Brauns collection. He found one to be a specimen of
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C71FF86FB5DFD4E6E00FD52" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Parisus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paterculus">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C71FF86FB5DFD4E6A5BFD79" box="[1164,1323,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. paterculus</emphasis>
(Walker)
</taxonomicName>
and the other two
<emphasis id="3189C2724C71FF86FD82FD366DB2FD51" box="[595,706,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. f u c a t u s</emphasis>
, but does not provide any evidence suggesting that Bezzi had seen them.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C71FF86FEE9FCC66E2EFB4A" blockId="23.[264,1324,284,1350]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
The
<typeStatus id="DC46A0C24C71FF86FEBCFCC66EA9FC82" box="[365,473,804,830]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
runs most closely in Hesses (1938) key to
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C71FF86FC06FCC66A57FC82" authority="(Hesse)" baseAuthorityName="Hesse" box="[983,1319,804,830]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Parisus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calviniensis">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C71FF86FC06FCC66BB3FC81" box="[983,1219,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Parisus calviniensis</emphasis>
(Hesse)
</taxonomicName>
. However, it is evident that
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C71FF86FD9DFCAE6DD6FCD9" box="[588,678,844,869]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Parisus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C71FF86FD9DFCAE6DD6FCD9" box="[588,678,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Parisus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. tend to be variable in the degree of reddening of the cuticle and colour of the vestiture as concluded by Hesse (1961) so that the full extent of variation within species can only be decided when large numbers of specimens are available for comparison and that some other species described from single specimens or a few specimens of one sex only may also be synonyms. A number of the species described by Hesse (1938) as near
<emphasis id="3189C2724C71FF86FDF4FBF66DAEFB91" box="[549,734,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. f u c a t u s sensu</emphasis>
Hesse (1938) have virtually identical male genitalia, including
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C71FF86FE7DFBDE6D23FBE9" box="[428,595,1084,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Parisus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calviniensis">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C71FF86FE7DFBDE6D23FBE9" box="[428,595,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. calviniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. An examination of all available material of all the described species in this complex is needed to determine the degree of variation of
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C71FF86FB56FB866B8CFBC1" box="[1159,1276,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fucatus">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C71FF86FB56FB866B8CFBC1" box="[1159,1276,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. fucatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. At present only
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C71FF86FE73FB6E6D3AFB19" box="[418,586,1164,1189]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Parisus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calviniensis">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C71FF86FE73FB6E6D3AFB19" box="[418,586,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. calviniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="3189C2724C71FF86FD8AFB6E6DA4FB19" box="[603,724,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. i m i t a t o r</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C71FF86FCC2FB6E6CD3FB19" box="[787,931,1164,1189]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anomalus">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C71FF86FCC2FB6E6CD3FB19" box="[787,931,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. anomalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can confidently be synonymised with
<emphasis id="3189C2724C71FF86FE94FB566D26FB71" box="[325,598,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. f u c a t u s sensu stricto</emphasis>
in addition to the two species synonymised with it by Hesse (1961).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C71FF86FEE9FAE66CA3FAFA" blockId="23.[264,1324,284,1350]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
The female specimen from Bloemfontein in Bezzis collection is very similar to the
<typeStatus id="DC46A0C24C71FF86FED9FACE6E03FAFA" box="[264,371,1324,1350]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
male and undoubtedly belongs to the same species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4BE74DEB4C71FF89FED9FA9E6B36FAD2" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
<paragraph id="03421E604C71FF86FED9FA9E6EFBF912" blockId="23.[264,1324,1404,1870]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C71FF86FED9FA9E6EE9FA2A" bold="true" box="[264,409,1404,1430]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Description</emphasis>
:
<typeStatus id="DC46A0C24C71FF86FE7DFA9E6D51FA2A" box="[428,545,1404,1430]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
male. Head. Black with yellow­grey tomentum, facial cone and underside ochreous. Hair gleaming yellow and with decumbent scale­like hair on the frons and hind borders of the eyes. Eyes separated by the width of the median ocellus immediately in front of the ocellar triangle diverging sharply to leave a relatively large triangular frontal area above the antennae. Antennal ratio 2.5:1:5 with scape yellow, pedicel brownish yellow, first flagellomere black elongate conical, second barely longer than wide and with a terminal style. Proboscis black but greater part of underside of labium orange. Palpi not visible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C71FF86FEE9F95E6E05F89A" blockId="23.[264,1324,1404,1870]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Thorax. Scutum black, pleura brownish, scutellum red. Hair even in length, dense gleaming yellow, only meron bare, paler on pleura. Bristles inconspicuous barely darker than hair.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C71FF89FEE9F8D66A78FEE2" blockId="23.[264,1324,1404,1870]" lastBlockId="24.[264,1325,284,1390]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Legs. Yellow, including coxae, only fourth and fifth tarsomeres and articulation with trochanter blackened. Long hairs beneath femora, scales and bristles pale yellow. Claws curved beyond the middle, tips black. Pulvilli narrow, about two thirds length of claws.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C7EFF89FEE9FE8E6EB3FD9A" blockId="24.[264,1325,284,1390]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Wing. Base and fore border tinged yellow fading to greyish hyaline at apex and hind margin. Veins brown. Crossvein r­m just beyond middle of discal cell, m­m crossvein oblique to wing margin, slightly longer than r­m. Costal hook and comb yellow, comb weakly developed. Squama yellow with a long fringe of yellow hairs. Haltere yellow, knob paler than stalk.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C7EFF89FEE9FDD66CB4FD22" blockId="24.[264,1325,284,1390]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Abdomen. Black with pale margins to sterna. Dense yellow hair, somewhat denser at hind margins of terga, paler on sterna. Hair not paler towards apex. Genitalia not dissected. Length of body,
<quantity id="C405B3854C7EFF89FE1BFD666D61FD22" box="[458,529,644,670]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
; of proboscis,
<quantity id="C405B3854C7EFF89FD6DFD666C73FD22" box="[700,771,644,670]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
; of wing,
<quantity id="C405B3854C7EFF89FCA8FD666CB1FD22" box="[889,961,644,670]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C7EFF89FEE9FD4E6D87FCDA" blockId="24.[264,1325,284,1390]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Female. Very similar to
<typeStatus id="DC46A0C24C7EFF89FDB3FD4E6DBDFD7A" box="[610,717,684,710]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
except: frons parallel sided, three times width of ocellar triangle; Scutum grey tomentose with a pair darker submedian stripes; hair on pleura paler more whitish; abdominal terga with pale margins and orange at sides; abdominal terga with decumbent yellow hair­like scales at fore margins and dense stiff hairs at hind margins giving a banded appearance.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03421E604C7EFF89FEE9FC966B36FAD2" blockId="24.[264,1325,284,1390]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
The overall appearance of these specimens is similar to many species of
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C7EFF89FB5DFC966A7DFC31" box="[1164,1293,884,909]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Systoechus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C7EFF89FB5DFC966A7DFC31" box="[1164,1293,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Systoechus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in colour and distribution of hair. Hesse (1938) uses the term sericeous to describe the gleaming appearance of the hair, which changes in intensity of colour with the angle and quality of incident light. Specimens from localities in Eastern Cape, previously identified as
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C7EFF89FEF9FBF66EBFFB91" box="[296,463,1044,1069]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Parisus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calviniensis">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C7EFF89FEF9FBF66EBFFB91" box="[296,463,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. calviniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, are very similar to the
<typeStatus id="DC46A0C24C7EFF89FD38FBF66C34FB92" box="[745,836,1044,1070]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
but another series from near Craddock is closer to
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C7EFF89FEA9FBDE6D46FBE9" box="[376,566,1084,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="fucatus" subSpecies="sensu">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C7EFF89FEA9FBDE6D46FBE9" box="[376,566,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. fucatus sensu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hesse in that the males run to
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C7EFF89FC61FBDE6B20FBE9" box="[944,1104,1084,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudopsis">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C7EFF89FC61FBDE6B20FBE9" box="[944,1104,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. pseudopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Hesses (1938) key with the antennae of the males entirely black; the hair longer and very pale whitish yellow on the head and thorax; that on the abdomen includes longer, stiffer, darker hairs at the margins of the terga; and the extreme bases of the fore and mid femora are blackened. Some of the associated females have darker brown hairs at the margins of the terga and both sexes entirely black proboscis. A single male from Carlisle Bridge with a reddish scape is closest to another member of the complex,
<taxonomicName id="C4FD65E34C7EFF89FCBDFACE6B2CFAFA" authority="(Hesse)" baseAuthorityName="Hesse" box="[876,1116,1324,1350]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anomalus">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C7EFF89FCBDFACE6C8BFAF9" box="[876,1019,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. anomalus</emphasis>
(Hesse)
</taxonomicName>
described from a single male from Namaqualand (north western part of Northern Cape).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4BE74DEB4C7EFF89FED9FA466CE9F98A" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="03421E604C7EFF89FED9FA466CE9F98A" blockId="24.[264,1322,1443,1590]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="3189C2724C7EFF89FED9FA466D0EFA02" bold="true" box="[264,638,1444,1470]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Additional material examined</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="7BEA5EF04C7EFF89FD5DFA466C11FA02" box="[652,865,1444,1470]" name="South Africa" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
(Eastern Cape): 1Ψ, Committees Drift,
<date id="774338A04C7EFF89FED9FA2E6EE6FA5A" box="[264,406,1484,1510]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1959-08-17">17.viii.1959</date>
(D.J. Greathead); 1ɗ2Ψ, near Fort Brown,
<date id="774338A04C7EFF89FC79FA2E6B55FA5A" box="[936,1061,1484,1510]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1959-09-30">30.ix.1959</date>
(D.J. Greathead); 2?,
<date id="774338A04C7EFF89FED9FA166EF5F9B2" box="[264,389,1524,1550]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1959-11-20">20.xi.1959</date>
(D.J. Greathead); 3ɗ3Ψ,
<quantity id="C405B3854C7EFF89FD62FA166C68F9B2" box="[691,792,1524,1550]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mi" value="10.0">10 miles</quantity>
E of Craddock,
<date id="774338A04C7EFF89FC0BFA166B28F9B2" box="[986,1112,1524,1550]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1959-09-18">18.ix.1959</date>
(D.J. Greathead); 1ɗ, Carlisle Bridge,
<date id="774338A04C7EFF89FE2BF9FE6D19F98A" box="[506,617,1564,1590]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1959-09-03">3.ix.1959</date>
(D.J. Greathead) all DJG.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>