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<document id="AC81A82CA34CEAEA50B7180406B70B52" ID-CLB-Dataset="8839" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4906.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="308129a3-a99f-4012-bb41-d3220692c398" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4434000" ID-ZooBank="09383AAD-8E30-4E50-A533-C6DA4D00E33C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1610443640918" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lobato-Vila, Irene &amp; Pujade-Villar, Juli" docDate="2021" docId="03BF702A9551FF9AFDE5F8987726FB42" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4906.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4906 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Synergus reniformis McCracken &amp; Egbert 1922" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="89" masterDocId="FF8608529505FFC2FD72FF84736DFE73" masterDocTitle="The genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) in the New World: a complete taxonomic revision with a key to species" masterLastPageNumber="121" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="85" updateTime="1701082448047" updateUser="tatiana">
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<mods:title id="CD0EE71B1E5C236B705FC111D0926EF5">The genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) in the New World: a complete taxonomic revision with a key to species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="798969D3375118AE5599B4BAE69609D5">Lobato-Vila, Irene</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1674B25D0AAB97E9DA8B402A90DFD25F">Pujade-Villar, Juli</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="DE83F21C38D6186FBEB047E34018A240">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03BF702A9551FF9AFDE5F8987726FB42" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4447665" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177005145" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4447665" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF702A9551FF9AFDE5F8987726FB42" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BF702A9551FF9AFDE5F8987726FB42" lastPageId="88" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79551FF96FDE5F898719CF945" box="[151,753,1819,1846]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9551FF96FDE5F898719CF945" blockId="84.[151,753,1819,1882]" box="[151,753,1819,1846]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<heading id="D0E176509551FF96FDE5F898719CF945" bold="true" box="[151,753,1819,1846]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9551FF96FDE5F898719CF945" authority="McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,753,1819,1846]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9551FF96FDE5F898719CF945" bold="true" box="[151,753,1819,1846]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9551FF96FDE5F89872E3F946" bold="true" box="[151,398,1819,1846]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Synergus reniformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9551FF96FCE7F898719CF945" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[405,753,1820,1846]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79551FF96FDE5F8C47226F929" box="[151,331,1856,1882]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9551FF96FDE5F8C47226F929" blockId="84.[151,753,1819,1882]" box="[151,331,1856,1882]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
(
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99551FF96FDEDF8C4722EF929" box="[159,323,1856,1882]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 33" captionStart-1="FIGURE 34" captionStartId-0="85.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionStartId-1="86.[151,250,835,859]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetBox-1="[158,1430,181,811]" captionTargetId-0="figure-23@85.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetId-1="figure-28@86.[158,1430,181,811]" captionTargetPageId-0="85" captionTargetPageId-1="86" captionText-0="FIGURE 33. Synergus reniformis. Lectotype of S. reniformis (female): a) lateral habitus and head in frontal view; b) tarsal claw; d) dorsal habitus. Paralectotype of S. reniformis (male): c) head in frontal view; e) lateral habitus. Holotype of S. magnificus (female, USNMENT 00802168): f) lateral habitus; g) tarsal claw; h) head in frontal view; i) head and mesosoma in dorsal view. Paratype of S. magnificus (male): j) lateral habitus." captionText-1="FIGURE 34. Variability of the metasomal punctuation of Synergus reniformis: a) S. magnificus (holotype); b) S. reniformis (lectotype); c) S. reniformis (additional material from Mexico)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434090" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434092" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4434090/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4434092/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Figures 33–34</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79551FF96FDE5F8017142F98B" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9551FF96FDE5F80171CAF9C8" blockId="84.[151,1436,1924,2041]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9551FF96FDE5F80171FCF9EE" authority="McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,657,1924,1949]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9551FF96FDE5F8017208F9EE" box="[151,357,1925,1949]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Synergus reniformis</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB619551FF96FC1FF80071FCF9EE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422392" box="[365,657,1924,1949]" collectionCode="CAS" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9551FF96FC1FF80071FCF9EE" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[365,657,1924,1949]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol. Sci. 3 (1): 53. Type material: CAS (
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9551FF96FDBCF827725DF9C8" box="[206,304,1955,1979]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
),
<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB619551FF96FC30F82771C9F9C8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422388" box="[322,676,1955,1979]" collectionCode="CAS, USNM" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9551FF96FC30F82772B9F9C8" box="[322,468,1955,1979]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99551FF96FC86F8277148F9C8" box="[500,549,1955,1979]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99551FF96FF25F82771C9F9C8" box="[599,676,1955,1979]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9551FF96FDE5F8467142F98B" blockId="84.[151,1436,1924,2041]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9551FF96FDE5F8467283F9A9" authority="Weld, 1957" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,494,1986,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnificus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9551FF96FDE5F8467206F9A9" box="[151,363,1986,2010]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Synergus magnificus</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB619551FF96FC06F8467283F9A9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422381" box="[372,494,1986,2010]" collectionCode="USNM" country="United States of America" location="U. S." pageId="84" pageNumber="85" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9551FF96FC06F8467283F9A9" author="Weld, L. H." box="[372,494,1986,2010]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" refId="ref108990" refString="Weld, L. H. (1957) Cynipid galls of the Pacific slope (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea). Privately printed, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 64 pp." type="book" year="1957">Weld, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Proc.
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9551FF96FF4AF8467103F9A9" box="[568,622,1986,2010]" name="United States of America" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">U. S.</collectingCountry>
Nat. Mus. 107: 107
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9551FF96FE3EF84670C1F9A9" bold="true" box="[844,940,1986,2010]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">syn. nov.</emphasis>
Type material: USNM (
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9551FF96F9DFF8467666F9A9" box="[1197,1291,1986,2010]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
),
<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB619551FF96F86CF84672C7F98A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422432" collectionCode="USNM, CAS, AMNH" country="United States of America" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9551FF96F86CF8467612F9A9" box="[1310,1407,1986,2010]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99551FF96FDB5F865727EF98A" box="[199,275,2017,2041]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99551FF96FC6FF865723CF98A" box="[285,337,2017,2041]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99551FF96FC28F86572C7F98A" box="[346,426,2017,2041]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">AMNH</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
, and FMNH.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6991B49550FF97FDE5F8E171F1F999" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4434090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434090/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" startId="85.[151,250,1893,1917]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1870]" targetPageId="85">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9550FF97FDE5F8E171F1F999" blockId="85.[151,1437,1893,2026]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9550FF97FDE5F8E17275F90E" bold="true" box="[151,280,1893,1917]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">FIGURE 33</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9550FF97FC56F8E27283F90D" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[292,494,1894,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9550FF97FC56F8E27283F90D" box="[292,494,1894,1918]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Synergus reniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Lectotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9550FF97FF0CF8E27192F90D" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[638,767,1894,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9550FF97FF0CF8E271E6F90E" box="[638,651,1894,1917]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9550FF97FFE4F8E27192F90D" box="[662,767,1894,1918]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">reniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(female): a) lateral habitus and head in frontal view; b) tarsal claw; d) dorsal habitus. Paralectotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9550FF97FF72F80E71EEF9D1" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[512,643,1930,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9550FF97FF72F80E7160F9D2" box="[512,525,1930,1953]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9550FF97FF68F80E71EEF9D1" box="[538,643,1930,1954]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">reniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(male): c) head in frontal view; e) lateral habitus. Holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9550FF97F860F80E76F1F9D1" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1957" box="[1298,1436,1930,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnificus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9550FF97F860F80E76F1F9D1" box="[1298,1436,1930,1954]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">S. magnificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(female, USNMENT 00802168): f) lateral habitus; g) tarsal claw; h) head in frontal view; i) head and mesosoma in dorsal view. Paratype of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9550FF97FC60F85672F7F999" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1957" box="[274,410,2002,2026]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnificus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9550FF97FC60F85672F7F999" box="[274,410,2002,2026]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">S. magnificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(male): j) lateral habitus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6991B49553FF94FDE5FCC7707AFD0C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434092" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4434092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434092/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" startId="86.[151,250,835,859]" targetBox="[158,1430,181,811]" targetPageId="86">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9553FF94FDE5FCC7707AFD0C" blockId="86.[151,1437,835,895]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FDE5FCC7724FFD28" bold="true" box="[151,290,835,859]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">FIGURE 34.</emphasis>
Variability of the metasomal punctuation of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94FF84FCC770AEFD28" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[758,963,835,859]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FF84FCC770AEFD28" box="[758,963,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Synergus reniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: a)
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94FE9DFCC77714FD28" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1957" box="[1007,1145,835,859]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnificus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FE9DFCC77714FD28" box="[1007,1145,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">S. magnificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(holotype); b)
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94F86AFCC776F0FD28" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[1304,1437,835,859]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94F86AFCC776F0FD28" box="[1304,1437,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">S. reniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(lectotype); c)
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94FC5EFCE372C2FD0C" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[300,431,871,895]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FC5EFCE372C2FD0C" box="[300,431,871,895]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">S. reniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(additional material from Mexico).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79553FF94FDE5FC2C7200F989" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9553FF94FDE5FC2C77ABFBE5" blockId="86.[151,1439,935,2042]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FDE5FC2C774DFDB1" bold="true" box="[151,1056,935,962]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
Type material of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94FC2CFC2C70F9FDB1" authority="McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[350,916,935,962]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FC2CFC2C7125FDB2" bold="true" box="[350,584,935,962]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Synergus reniformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9553FF94FF3CFC2C70F9FDB1" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[590,916,936,962]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(examined)
</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9553FF94F95EFC2C77A1FDB1" box="[1068,1228,936,962]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59553FF94F9A3FC2C778BFDB1" box="[1233,1254,936,962]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
with the following labels: ‘L.S.Jr.U., Lot. 554, Sub. 251’ (white label) / ‘Type
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59553FF94FE2DFC48701BFD95" box="[863,886,972,998]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
’ (red label) / ‘reniformis’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘Stanford Univ. Coll. L.A.C.M, Access’d 1964’ (white label) / ‘
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9553FF94FEE8FC747762FA79" box="[922,1039,1008,1034]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59553FF94F964FC747746FA79" box="[1046,1067,1008,1034]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94F940FC747223FA5D" authority="McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94F940FC74767EFA79" box="[1074,1299,1008,1034]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Synergus reniformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9553FF94F868FC747223FA5D" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label).
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9553FF94FFC6FB9070C6FA5D" box="[692,939,1044,1070]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPES</typeStatus>
(3ϐ) with the following labels: ‘L.S.Jr.U., Lot. 554, Sub. 251’ (white label) / ‘Type ϐ’ (red label) / ‘
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94FE59FBBC70F2FA21" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[811,927,1080,1106]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FE59FBBC70F2FA21" box="[811,927,1080,1106]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">reniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘Stanford Univ. Coll. L.A.C.M, Access’d 1964’ (white label) / ‘
<collectingRegion id="49D20FDE9553FF94FFC4FBD87040FA05" box="[694,813,1116,1142]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">California</collectingRegion>
Academy of Sciences, Type No. 5812’ (white label) / ‘
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9553FF94FDE9FB047254FAE9" box="[155,313,1152,1178]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
ϐ
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94FC2CFB0470E9FAE9" authority="McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[350,900,1152,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FC2CFB047152FAE9" box="[350,575,1152,1178]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Synergus reniformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9553FF94FF35FB0470E9FAE9" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[583,900,1152,1178]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label) (1ϐ, deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99553FF94FDE5FB2073BFFACD" box="[151,210,1188,1214]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
); ‘L.S.Jr.U., Lot. 554, Sub. 251’ (white label) / ‘ϐ’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘I. McCracken col.’ (white label) / ‘Paratype’ (yellow label) / ‘Ex. gall of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94FFFEFB4C7001FA91" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[652,876,1224,1250]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FFFEFB4C7001FA91" box="[652,876,1224,1250]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Andricus reniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9553FF94F9C5FB4C7673FA91" box="[1207,1310,1224,1250]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
No. 24998
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9553FF94FDE5FB6873ABFB75" box="[151,198,1260,1286]" name="United States of America" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">U.S.</collectingCountry>
N.M’ (red label) / ‘
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94FCD7FB6871EAFB75" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[421,647,1260,1286]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FCD7FB6871EAFB75" box="[421,647,1260,1286]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Synergus reniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
McC &amp; Eg’ (white label with a red frame, handwritten) / ‘
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9553FF94F854FB6873AAFB59" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
ϐ
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94FD9FFA94707BFB59" authority="McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[237,790,1296,1322]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FD9FFA9472A2FB59" box="[237,463,1296,1322]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Synergus reniformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9553FF94FCAAFA94707BFB59" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[472,790,1296,1322]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label) (1ϐ, deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99553FF94F848FA9476FDFB59" box="[1338,1424,1296,1322]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
); ‘L.S.Jr.U., Lot. 554, Sub. 251’ (white label) / ‘ϐ’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘Paratype’ (yellow label) / ‘
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94F845FAB07266FB01" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94F845FAB07266FB01" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Synergus reniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Egbert’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘Beut. Coll. Rec’d1939’ (white label) / ‘
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9553FF94F901FADC767CFB01" box="[1139,1297,1368,1394]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
ϐ
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94F845FADC7121FBE5" authority="McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94F845FADC7266FBE5" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Synergus reniformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9553FF94FC60FAF87121FBE5" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[274,588,1404,1430]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label) (1ϐ, deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99553FF94F916FAF877D7FBE5" box="[1124,1210,1404,1430]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9553FF94FDB5FA24763CF88D" blockId="86.[151,1439,935,2042]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FDB5FA247065FBC9" bold="true" box="[199,776,1439,1466]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
Type material of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94FCFCFA247065FBC9" authority="Weld, 1957" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1957" box="[398,776,1439,1466]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnificus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FCFCFA2471EDFBCA" bold="true" box="[398,640,1439,1466]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Synergus magnificus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9553FF94FFF4FA247065FBC9" author="Weld, L. H." box="[646,776,1440,1466]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" refId="ref108990" refString="Weld, L. H. (1957) Cynipid galls of the Pacific slope (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea). Privately printed, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 64 pp." type="book" year="1957">Weld, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9553FF94FE67FA2470C4FBC9" box="[789,937,1440,1466]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59553FF94FEDCFA2470AEFBC9" box="[942,963,1440,1466]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(examined) with the following labels: ‘Oregon Caves, Ore. el. 6000’ (white label) / ‘
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94FF0AFA407195FBAD" baseAuthorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[632,760,1476,1502]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysolepis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FF0AFA407195FBAD" box="[632,760,1476,1502]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">chrysolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ (white label) / ‘Ex 1822’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘Type No 63004
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9553FF94FC7EFA6C7256F871" box="[268,315,1512,1538]" name="United States of America" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">U.S.</collectingCountry>
N.M’ (red label) / ‘
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94FF63FA6C7195F871" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1957" box="[529,760,1512,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnificus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FF63FA6C7195F871" box="[529,760,1512,1538]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Synergus magnificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Weld’ (white label with a black frame, handwritten) / ‘
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99553FF94F824FA6C738BF855" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">USNMENT</collectionCode>
00802168’ (white label, QR code) / ‘
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9553FF94FF0EF9887184F855" box="[636,745,1548,1574]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59553FF94FF9DF9887069F855" box="[751,772,1548,1574]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94FE78F9887715F854" authority="Weld, 1957" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1957" box="[778,1144,1548,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnificus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FE78F988709DF855" box="[778,1008,1548,1574]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Synergus magnificus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9553FF94FE84F9887715F854" author="Weld, L. H." box="[1014,1144,1548,1575]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" refId="ref108990" refString="Weld, L. H. (1957) Cynipid galls of the Pacific slope (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea). Privately printed, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 64 pp." type="book" year="1957">Weld, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
’ (red label).
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9553FF94F870F98876F0F855" box="[1282,1437,1548,1574]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
(7ϐ &amp;
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59553FF94FD9AF9B47267F838" box="[232,266,1584,1611]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="female">6♀</specimenCount>
) (examined) with the following labels: ‘Idyllwild, Cal.’ (grey label) / ‘1622’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9553FF94FDE9F9D0726FF81D" box="[155,258,1620,1646]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
No. 63004
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9553FF94FCF8F9D072D7F81D" box="[394,442,1620,1646]" name="United States of America" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">U.S.</collectingCountry>
N.M.’ (red label) / ‘USNMENT 00960804’ (white label, QR code) / ‘
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9553FF94F9B5F9D07643F81D" box="[1223,1326,1620,1646]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94F845F9D072F3F8E0" authority="Weld, 1957" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1957" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnificus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94F845F9D0727FF8E1" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Synergus magnificus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9553FF94FC6BF9FC72F3F8E0" author="Weld, L. H." box="[281,414,1656,1683]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" refId="ref108990" refString="Weld, L. H. (1957) Cynipid galls of the Pacific slope (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea). Privately printed, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 64 pp." type="book" year="1957">Weld, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
’ (red label) (6ϐ &amp;
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59553FF94FF01F9FC71FAF8E1" box="[627,663,1656,1682]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
, deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99553FF94FE41F9FC70E4F8E1" box="[819,905,1656,1682]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
); same data, but without the QR code label:
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59553FF94F80BF9FC76F1F8E1" box="[1401,1436,1656,1682]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
(deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99553FF94FC5DF91872E8F8C5" box="[303,389,1692,1718]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
); ‘Mill Valley Marin Co. Cal.’ (white label) / ‘H. B. Leech Collector’ (white label) / ‘Emerged from cynipid gall on
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94FCE2F9447115F8A9" baseAuthorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[400,632,1728,1754]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysolepis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FCE2F9447115F8A9" box="[400,632,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Quercus chrysolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ (white label) / ‘Paratype’ (red label) (1ϐ &amp;
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59553FF94F9FEF94477C2F8A9" box="[1164,1199,1728,1754]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99553FF94F824F94476FCF8A9" box="[1366,1425,1728,1754]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
). Eighty-eight more
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9553FF94FC19F96072BBF88D" box="[363,470,1764,1790]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(sex unknown, not examined) are deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99553FF94FE9BF9607772F88D" box="[1001,1055,1764,1790]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
(
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99553FF94F95DF9607728F88D" box="[1071,1093,1764,1790]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">R</collectionCode>
. Zuparko pers. comm.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9553FF94FDB5F88C7200F989" blockId="86.[151,1439,935,2042]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FDB5F88C7298F951" bold="true" box="[199,501,1800,1826]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Other material examined</emphasis>
(2ϐ &amp;
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59553FF94FF3FF88C711CF951" box="[589,625,1800,1826]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="female">7♀</specimenCount>
). Material deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99553FF94FE0FF88C70A3F951" box="[893,974,1800,1826]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
with the following labels: ‘Kyburz, Cal.’ (grey label) / ‘
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94FC4CF8A87148F935" baseAuthorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[318,549,1836,1862]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysolepis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FC4CF8A87148F935" box="[318,549,1836,1862]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Quercus chrysolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ (white label) / ‘1622’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94F90BF8A87631F935" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[1145,1372,1836,1862]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94F90BF8A87631F935" box="[1145,1372,1836,1862]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Synergus reniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
McC &amp; Egb’ (white label with a black frame, handwritten) (
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59553FF94FE70F8D4704FF919" box="[770,802,1872,1898]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
); ‘Tahoe City Cal., Aug. 38’ (grey label) / ‘vaccinifolia’ (grey label) / ‘1622’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94FFBBF8F070B7F9FD" authority="Mc" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[713,986,1908,1934]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FFBBF8F070C6F9FD" box="[713,939,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Synergus reniformis</emphasis>
Mc
</taxonomicName>
+E, det. Weld’ (white label with a black frame, handwritten) (2ϐ &amp;
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59553FF94FCA1F81C729AF9C1" box="[467,503,1944,1970]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
). New material reared from galls collected in
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9553FF94F97BF81C7732F9C1" box="[1033,1119,1944,1970]" name="Mexico" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Mexico</collectingCountry>
with the following location data:
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9553FF94FDA6F838727AF9A5" box="[212,279,1980,2006]" name="Mexico" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">MEX</collectingCountry>
: P393, Sierra de San Pedro Mártir (B.C.),
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94FF9AF8387020F9A5" box="[744,845,1980,2006]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FF9AF8387020F9A5" box="[744,845,1980,2006]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Andricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
?
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FE2DF83870B0F9A5" box="[863,989,1980,2006]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">truckeensis</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9553FF94FE98F83877E1F9A5" baseAuthorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[1002,1164,1980,2006]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysolepis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9553FF94FE98F83877E1F9A5" box="[1002,1164,1980,2006]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Q. chrysolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (
<date id="FFA8E7FC9553FF94F9D2F8387674F9A4" box="[1184,1305,1980,2007]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="2018-04-07">07.iv.2018</date>
)
<date id="FFA8E7FC9553FF94F855F83876F5F9A5" box="[1319,1432,1980,2006]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="2018-05-03">03.v.2018</date>
, S. Ordaz leg. (
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59553FF94FC49F8647233F989" box="[315,350,2016,2042]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79552FF95FDB5FF1271C0FFFA" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9552FF95FDB5FF1271C0FFFA" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9552FF95FDB5FF127257FEC3" bold="true" box="[199,314,150,176]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Diagnosis</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9552FF95FC3AFF137145FEC2" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[328,552,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9552FF95FC3AFF137145FEC2" box="[328,552,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Synergus reniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily separated from other species by having tarsal claws simple, without a basal lobe, and a large size, with females ranging from 3.0 to 6.0 mm in length and males, from 2.0 to 5.0 mm. It is also characterized by having the mesopleuron entirely sculptured, including the speculum; hyaline wings and radial cell of fore wing at least 2.7 times as long as wide; F1 as long as F2; POL longer than OOL; notauli complete, reaching the posterior margin of pronotum; first metasomal segment dorsally with striae reaching the half of its length, anterior half smooth (sometimes completely smooth); and syntergum posteriorly with or without punctures, if present then forming either a patch or a band.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79552FF9AFDB5FE1673B6FFDE" lastPageId="88" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9552FF95FDB5FE167200FFDF" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,365,402,428]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9552FF95FDB5FE167200FFDF" bold="true" box="[199,365,402,428]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Redescription</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9552FF95FDB5FE32705DFFA2" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,816,438,465]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9552FF95FDB5FE3272CEFFA2" bold="true" box="[199,419,438,465]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">FEMALE. Length</emphasis>
. Body length 3.0–6.0 mm (n = 15).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9552FF95FDB5FE5E72AFFC82" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9552FF95FDB5FE5E7266FF87" bold="true" box="[199,267,474,500]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Color</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99552FF95FC6EFE5F7167FF85" box="[284,522,475,502]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="85.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-23@85.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 33. Synergus reniformis. Lectotype of S. reniformis (female): a) lateral habitus and head in frontal view; b) tarsal claw; d) dorsal habitus. Paralectotype of S. reniformis (male): c) head in frontal view; e) lateral habitus. Holotype of S. magnificus (female, USNMENT 00802168): f) lateral habitus; g) tarsal claw; h) head in frontal view; i) head and mesosoma in dorsal view. Paratype of S. magnificus (male): j) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434090/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 33a, c, d, g, h, i</figureCitation>
). Lower face and gena yellow, except for a black stripe that sometimes appears running from toruli to the oral fovea (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99552FF95FF4BFE7B71F6FC69" box="[569,667,511,538]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="85.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-23@85.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 33. Synergus reniformis. Lectotype of S. reniformis (female): a) lateral habitus and head in frontal view; b) tarsal claw; d) dorsal habitus. Paralectotype of S. reniformis (male): c) head in frontal view; e) lateral habitus. Holotype of S. magnificus (female, USNMENT 00802168): f) lateral habitus; g) tarsal claw; h) head in frontal view; i) head and mesosoma in dorsal view. Paratype of S. magnificus (male): j) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434090/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 33h</figureCitation>
); frons, vertex and occiput, black. Antenna testaceous to dark brown. Mesosoma mainly black; pronotum from almost completely yellow (only with some black spots laterally and dorsally) to black; mesopleuron from almost completely yellow (only tinged with black posteriorly and ventrally) to black; mesopleural triangle and tegulae always yellow; mesosoma dorsally and propodeum always black. Metasoma reddish brown to chestnut, with the basal edge and the hypopygium yellowish, to dark yellow laterally and ventrally, only infuscate anterodorsally. Legs yellow, basal half of hind and mid coxae (rarely the first pair), black. Wings hyaline, veins dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9552FF95FDB5FD7F7088FA46" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9552FF95FDB5FD7F726AFD66" bold="true" box="[199,263,763,789]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Head</emphasis>
. In frontal view (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99552FF95FCB9FD7F7128FD65" box="[459,581,763,790]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="85.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-23@85.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 33. Synergus reniformis. Lectotype of S. reniformis (female): a) lateral habitus and head in frontal view; b) tarsal claw; d) dorsal habitus. Paralectotype of S. reniformis (male): c) head in frontal view; e) lateral habitus. Holotype of S. magnificus (female, USNMENT 00802168): f) lateral habitus; g) tarsal claw; h) head in frontal view; i) head and mesosoma in dorsal view. Paratype of S. magnificus (male): j) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434090/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 33c, d</figureCitation>
) trapezoid, about 1.2 times as wide as high, gena not broadened behind eye. Face faintly pubescent, lower face with striae radiating from clypeus. Clypeus indistinct, ventral margin straight, not projected over mandibles. Malar space about 0.4 times as long as height of eye. Anterior tentorial pits visible; pleurostomal and epistomal sulcus absent. Transfacial line slightly shorter than height of eye. Toruli situated midheight of eye; distance between torulus and eye shorter than diameter of torulus; distance between toruli clearly shorter than diameter of toruli. Frons (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99552FF95FF30FC2B71D6FDB9" box="[578,699,943,970]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="85.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-23@85.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 33. Synergus reniformis. Lectotype of S. reniformis (female): a) lateral habitus and head in frontal view; b) tarsal claw; d) dorsal habitus. Paralectotype of S. reniformis (male): c) head in frontal view; e) lateral habitus. Holotype of S. magnificus (female, USNMENT 00802168): f) lateral habitus; g) tarsal claw; h) head in frontal view; i) head and mesosoma in dorsal view. Paratype of S. magnificus (male): j) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434090/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 33c, d</figureCitation>
) coriaceous with scarce small punctures and weak wrinkles; frontal carinae narrow and weak, branched before reaching lateral ocelli. Head in dorsal view is about 2.3 times as wide as long. Vertex (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99552FF95FC23FC7372C6FA61" box="[337,427,1015,1042]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="85.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-23@85.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 33. Synergus reniformis. Lectotype of S. reniformis (female): a) lateral habitus and head in frontal view; b) tarsal claw; d) dorsal habitus. Paralectotype of S. reniformis (male): c) head in frontal view; e) lateral habitus. Holotype of S. magnificus (female, USNMENT 00802168): f) lateral habitus; g) tarsal claw; h) head in frontal view; i) head and mesosoma in dorsal view. Paratype of S. magnificus (male): j) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434090/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 33i</figureCitation>
) coriaceous with small punctures and weak wrinkles. POL: OOL: LOL = 8.5: 6.5: 4 and diameter of lateral ocelli, 5. Occiput coriaceous with some small punctures.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9552FF95FDB5FBBA718DFAB6" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9552FF95FDB5FBBA7243FA2B" bold="true" box="[199,302,1086,1112]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Antenna</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99552FF95FC4DFBBB72F3FA29" box="[319,414,1087,1114]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="85.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-23@85.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 33. Synergus reniformis. Lectotype of S. reniformis (female): a) lateral habitus and head in frontal view; b) tarsal claw; d) dorsal habitus. Paralectotype of S. reniformis (male): c) head in frontal view; e) lateral habitus. Holotype of S. magnificus (female, USNMENT 00802168): f) lateral habitus; g) tarsal claw; h) head in frontal view; i) head and mesosoma in dorsal view. Paratype of S. magnificus (male): j) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434090/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 33f</figureCitation>
). 14-segmented; filiform, not broadened apically; pubescence dense and short. Scape plus pedicel about as long as F1; pedicel almost 1.3 times as long as wide; F1 about as long as F2 or F1 slightly longer than F2, F2 and F3 subequal; the following segments progressively shorter. Last flagellar segment about 4.0 times as long as wide and almost 2.0 times as long as F11.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9552FF95FDB5FB4B774DF8EA" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9552FF95FDB5FB4B7228FA9A" bold="true" box="[199,325,1231,1257]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Mesosoma</emphasis>
. About 1.1 times as long as high in lateral view, including nucha, with short and not dense pubescence (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99552FF95FD94FB777230FB7D" box="[230,349,1267,1294]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="85.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-23@85.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 33. Synergus reniformis. Lectotype of S. reniformis (female): a) lateral habitus and head in frontal view; b) tarsal claw; d) dorsal habitus. Paralectotype of S. reniformis (male): c) head in frontal view; e) lateral habitus. Holotype of S. magnificus (female, USNMENT 00802168): f) lateral habitus; g) tarsal claw; h) head in frontal view; i) head and mesosoma in dorsal view. Paratype of S. magnificus (male): j) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434090/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 33a, f</figureCitation>
). Ratio of length of pronotum medially/laterally: 0.26. Pronotal plate indistinct. Lateral pronotum coriaceous, basally with some weak wrinkles; lateral carina absent, lateral margins of pronotum rounded seen from above. Mesoscutum (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99552FF95FCBBFABF712DFB25" box="[457,576,1339,1366]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="85.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-23@85.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 33. Synergus reniformis. Lectotype of S. reniformis (female): a) lateral habitus and head in frontal view; b) tarsal claw; d) dorsal habitus. Paralectotype of S. reniformis (male): c) head in frontal view; e) lateral habitus. Holotype of S. magnificus (female, USNMENT 00802168): f) lateral habitus; g) tarsal claw; h) head in frontal view; i) head and mesosoma in dorsal view. Paratype of S. magnificus (male): j) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434090/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 33d, i</figureCitation>
) about 1.2 times as wide as long, coriaceous with very delicate discontinuous transversal elements not forming true carinae; anterior parallel lines shallow, reaching 1/3 of the mesoscutum; notauli complete, but shallowly impressed and less visible in the anterior 1/3, interrupted by the sculpture, wider and convergent posteriorly; median mesoscutal line inconspicuous or at most visible as a small triangular incision; parapsidal lines weakly impressed, narrow, surpassing tegulae. Mesoscutellum (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99552FF95F911FA4F77B6FB95" box="[1123,1243,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="85.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-23@85.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 33. Synergus reniformis. Lectotype of S. reniformis (female): a) lateral habitus and head in frontal view; b) tarsal claw; d) dorsal habitus. Paralectotype of S. reniformis (male): c) head in frontal view; e) lateral habitus. Holotype of S. magnificus (female, USNMENT 00802168): f) lateral habitus; g) tarsal claw; h) head in frontal view; i) head and mesosoma in dorsal view. Paratype of S. magnificus (male): j) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434090/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 33d, i</figureCitation>
) about 1.2 times as long as wide, wrinkled, interspaces coriaceous; circumscutellar carina weak but visible, obscured by wrinkles; scutellar foveae ovate to subtriangular, moderately large, shallow, weakly sculptured bottom, the posterior margin not well defined and separated by a narrow carina. Mesopleuron (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99552FF95FE0AF9B37083F821" box="[888,1006,1591,1618]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="85.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-23@85.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 33. Synergus reniformis. Lectotype of S. reniformis (female): a) lateral habitus and head in frontal view; b) tarsal claw; d) dorsal habitus. Paralectotype of S. reniformis (male): c) head in frontal view; e) lateral habitus. Holotype of S. magnificus (female, USNMENT 00802168): f) lateral habitus; g) tarsal claw; h) head in frontal view; i) head and mesosoma in dorsal view. Paratype of S. magnificus (male): j) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434090/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 33a, f</figureCitation>
) finely, regularly and densely striated, interspaces smooth. Metapleural sulcus reaching 3/4 of mesopleural height. Propodeum pubescent and alutaceous; propodeal carinae slightly curved outwards. Nucha sulcate dorsally and laterally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9552FF95FDB5F92773D8F892" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9552FF95FDB5F9277392F8CE" bold="true" box="[199,255,1699,1725]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Legs</emphasis>
. Tarsal claws simple, without a basal lobe (in some specimens, with an inconspicuous tooth) (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99552FF95F847F92773C5F892" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="85.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-23@85.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 33. Synergus reniformis. Lectotype of S. reniformis (female): a) lateral habitus and head in frontal view; b) tarsal claw; d) dorsal habitus. Paralectotype of S. reniformis (male): c) head in frontal view; e) lateral habitus. Holotype of S. magnificus (female, USNMENT 00802168): f) lateral habitus; g) tarsal claw; h) head in frontal view; i) head and mesosoma in dorsal view. Paratype of S. magnificus (male): j) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434090/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 33b, g</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9552FF95FDB5F96E7024F93E" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9552FF95FDB5F96E727EF977" bold="true" box="[199,275,1770,1796]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Wings</emphasis>
. Fore wing pubescent with short marginal setae, slightly longer than the body length (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99552FF95F9B8F96F762DF975" box="[1226,1344,1771,1798]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="85.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-23@85.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 33. Synergus reniformis. Lectotype of S. reniformis (female): a) lateral habitus and head in frontal view; b) tarsal claw; d) dorsal habitus. Paralectotype of S. reniformis (male): c) head in frontal view; e) lateral habitus. Holotype of S. magnificus (female, USNMENT 00802168): f) lateral habitus; g) tarsal claw; h) head in frontal view; i) head and mesosoma in dorsal view. Paratype of S. magnificus (male): j) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434090/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 33a, f</figureCitation>
). Radial cell closed, about 2.7–2.9 times as long as wide; areolet visible, well pigmented. Rs+M visible, well pigmented, not reaching the basal vein. Basal cell with sparsely spaced setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9552FF9AFDB5F8D3775DFE8A" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="88.[151,1437,151,1330]" lastPageId="88" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9552FF95FDB5F8D3722EF902" bold="true" box="[199,323,1879,1905]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Metasoma</emphasis>
. Slightly longer than head plus mesosoma and almost 1.4 times as long as high in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99552FF95F81DF8D373B4F9E5" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="85.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-23@85.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 33. Synergus reniformis. Lectotype of S. reniformis (female): a) lateral habitus and head in frontal view; b) tarsal claw; d) dorsal habitus. Paralectotype of S. reniformis (male): c) head in frontal view; e) lateral habitus. Holotype of S. magnificus (female, USNMENT 00802168): f) lateral habitus; g) tarsal claw; h) head in frontal view; i) head and mesosoma in dorsal view. Paratype of S. magnificus (male): j) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434090/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 33a, f</figureCitation>
). First metasomal segment sulcate dorsally and laterally but sulci incomplete, not reaching the anterior margin of the segment (in some specimens, completely smooth). Syntergum smooth, anterolateral pubescence composed of a few setae and posteriorly usually with an incomplete band of micropunctures extended laterally about 1/3 of its length, less extended dorsally (with very few or without micropunctures, smooth, in some specimens); strongly dorsodistally incised (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB9955DFF9AFCE0FF3F7298FEA5" box="[402,501,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="85.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-23@85.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 33. Synergus reniformis. Lectotype of S. reniformis (female): a) lateral habitus and head in frontal view; b) tarsal claw; d) dorsal habitus. Paralectotype of S. reniformis (male): c) head in frontal view; e) lateral habitus. Holotype of S. magnificus (female, USNMENT 00802168): f) lateral habitus; g) tarsal claw; h) head in frontal view; i) head and mesosoma in dorsal view. Paratype of S. magnificus (male): j) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434090/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Fig. 33d</figureCitation>
), not pointed; following segments with minute micropunctures. Hypopygial spine almost 2.0 times as long as wide and with a few lateral setae; without apical setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955DFF9AFDB5FE8673B6FFDE" blockId="88.[151,1437,151,1330]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFDB5FE867276FF6F" bold="true" box="[199,283,258,284]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">MALE</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="132DDDB9955DFF9AFC5EFE8772C9FF6D" box="[300,420,259,286]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="85.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-23@85.[151,1436,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 33. Synergus reniformis. Lectotype of S. reniformis (female): a) lateral habitus and head in frontal view; b) tarsal claw; d) dorsal habitus. Paralectotype of S. reniformis (male): c) head in frontal view; e) lateral habitus. Holotype of S. magnificus (female, USNMENT 00802168): f) lateral habitus; g) tarsal claw; h) head in frontal view; i) head and mesosoma in dorsal view. Paratype of S. magnificus (male): j) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434090/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Fig. 33e, j</figureCitation>
). Similar to female, except for the following: body length 2.0–5.0 mm (n = 12). Antenna 15-segmented; F1 slightly curved, almost not incised medially nor broadened, longer apically after the incision than basally. Malar space 0.6 times as long as height of eye. Metasoma shorter than head plus mesosoma. Antenna yellow; pronotum almost completely yellow; metasoma dorsally black, ventrally yellow; sometimes only hind coxae, black.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B7955DFF9AFDB5FE3271C1FF85" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955DFF9AFDB5FE3271C1FF85" blockId="88.[151,1437,151,1330]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFDB5FE327234FFA3" bold="true" box="[199,345,438,464]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Distribution</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC955DFF9AFC18FE3372CBFFA2" box="[362,422,439,465]" name="United States of America" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">USA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49D20FDE955DFF9AFCC1FE337148FFA2" box="[435,549,439,465]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">California</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49D20FDE955DFF9AFF2DFE3371DEFFA2" box="[607,691,439,465]" country="United States of America" name="Oregon" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Oregon</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD955DFF9AFFB7FE337029FFA2" author="Weld, L. H." box="[709,836,438,465]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="ref108990" refString="Weld, L. H. (1957) Cynipid galls of the Pacific slope (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea). Privately printed, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 64 pp." type="book" year="1957">Weld 1957</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD955DFF9AFE20FE3377E1FFA2" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[850,1164,439,465]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert 1922</bibRefCitation>
; authors). First time recorded from
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC955DFF9AFC5AFE5F72EFFF86" box="[296,386,475,501]" name="Mexico" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Mexico</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49D20FDE955DFF9AFCFEFE5F7155FF86" box="[396,568,475,501]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Baja California</collectingRegion>
(authors).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B7955DFF9AFDB5FE7A765FFCF5" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955DFF9AFDB5FE7A765FFCF5" blockId="88.[151,1437,151,1330]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFDB5FE7A724CFC6B" bold="true" box="[199,289,510,536]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Biology</emphasis>
. Originally reared from galls of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AFFD2FE7B705CFC6A" box="[672,817,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Disholcaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFFD2FE7B705CFC6A" box="[672,817,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Disholcaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
?
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AFE35FE7B767AFC6A" authority="(McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922)" baseAuthorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[839,1303,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFE35FE7B70D6FC6A" box="[839,955,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">reniformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD955DFF9AFEBEFE7B7662FC6A" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[972,1295,511,537]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
on
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AF835FE7B712DFC4E" authority="(McCracken &amp; Egbert 1922)" baseAuthorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" baseAuthorityYear="1922" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vaccinifolia">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AF835FE7B7399FC4E" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Q. vaccinifolia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD955DFF9AFC71FDA77155FC4E" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[259,568,547,573]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert 1922</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, and from galls of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AFE60FDA7701AFC4E" box="[786,887,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFE60FDA7701AFC4E" box="[786,887,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Andricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
?
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFEF8FDA77765FC4E" box="[906,1032,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">truckeensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD955DFF9AF964FDA777A4FC4D" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[1046,1225,547,574]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref101564" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead, 1896</bibRefCitation>
) on
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AF989FDA7724AFC12" authority="(Weld 1957)" baseAuthorityName="Weld" baseAuthorityYear="1957" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysolepis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AF989FDA776F0FC4E" box="[1275,1437,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Q. chrysolepis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD955DFF9AFDD2FDC37273FC12" author="Weld, L. H." box="[160,286,582,609]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="ref108990" refString="Weld, L. H. (1957) Cynipid galls of the Pacific slope (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea). Privately printed, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 64 pp." type="book" year="1957">Weld 1957</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The new material found in
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC955DFF9AFF11FDC371D4FC12" box="[611,697,583,609]" name="Mexico" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Mexico</collectingCountry>
was reared from galls of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AFEABFDC37753FC12" box="[985,1086,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFEABFDC37753FC12" box="[985,1086,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Andricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
?
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AF920FDC377BDFC12" box="[1106,1232,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">truckeensis</emphasis>
on
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AF988FDC376F0FC12" baseAuthorityName="Weld" baseAuthorityYear="1957" box="[1274,1437,583,609]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysolepis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AF988FDC376F0FC12" box="[1274,1437,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Q. chrysolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(authors). Also collected from unknown galls on
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AFFCEFDEF7033FCF6" baseAuthorityName="Weld" baseAuthorityYear="1957" box="[700,862,619,645]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysolepis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFFCEFDEF71BDFCF6" box="[700,720,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Q</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFFACFDEF7033FCF6" box="[734,862,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">chrysolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AFEE6FDEF7756FCF6" baseAuthorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[916,1083,619,645]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vaccinifolia">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFEE6FDEF70C5FCF6" box="[916,936,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Q</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFEC5FDEF7756FCF6" box="[951,1083,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">vaccinifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC955DFF9AF9FAFDEF77D3FCF6" box="[1160,1214,619,645]" name="United States of America" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">USA</collectingCountry>
(authors).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B7955DFF9AFDB5FD0B7726FB42" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955DFF9AFDB5FD0B728CFD4A" blockId="88.[151,1437,151,1330]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFDB5FD0B7259FCDA" bold="true" box="[199,308,655,681]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AFC36FD0B714BFCDA" baseAuthorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[324,550,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFC36FD0B714BFCDA" box="[324,550,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Synergus reniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described from 7ϐ and
<specimenCount id="9D100AB5955DFF9AFE03FD0B70F9FCDA" box="[881,916,655,681]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD955DFF9AFED1FD0B7667FCDA" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[931,1290,654,681]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert 1922: 54</bibRefCitation>
). We located and examined 3ϐ and
<specimenCount id="9D100AB5955DFF9AFCEBFD3772D1FCBE" box="[409,444,691,717]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
belonging to the type series:
<specimenCount id="9D100AB5955DFF9AFE7EFD377042FCBE" box="[780,815,691,717]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
and 1ϐ deposited in CAS with a ‘Type’ red label, and 2ϐ deposited in USNM with a ‘Paratype’ yellow label. As we cannot know which of the specimens deposited in CAS is the
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E955DFF9AFC68FD7F7212FD66" box="[282,383,763,789]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, since it is not stated in the original description, we designated as
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E955DFF9AF91FFD7F77B9FD66" box="[1133,1236,763,789]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of the type series the female deposited in CAS.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955DFF9AFDB5FCC770DEFDD6" blockId="88.[151,1437,151,1330]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AFDB5FCC772C3FD2E" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1957" box="[199,430,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnificus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFDB5FCC772C3FD2E" box="[199,430,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Synergus magnificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB61955DFF9AFCC6FCC770C2FDD6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422320" collectionCode="USNM, CAS" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" specimenCount="134" specimenCount-female="14" typeStatus="paratype">
was described from about
<specimenCount id="9D100AB5955DFF9AFFABFCC77012FD2E" box="[729,895,835,861]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="generic">120 specimens</specimenCount>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD955DFF9AFEFEFCC7772EFD2E" author="Weld, L. H." box="[908,1091,834,861]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="ref108990" refString="Weld, L. H. (1957) Cynipid galls of the Pacific slope (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea). Privately printed, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 64 pp." type="book" year="1957">Weld 1957: 108</bibRefCitation>
). We located and examined 7ϐ and
<specimenCount id="9D100AB5955DFF9AFDB5FCE37387FDF2" box="[199,234,871,897]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="female">7♀</specimenCount>
belonging to the type series: 6ϐ and
<specimenCount id="9D100AB5955DFF9AFFFDFCE371DCFDF2" box="[655,689,871,897]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="female">6♀</specimenCount>
deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F9955DFF9AFE3AFCE370F1FDF2" box="[840,924,871,897]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
, and 1ϐ and
<specimenCount id="9D100AB5955DFF9AF943FCE37739FDF2" box="[1073,1108,871,897]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F9955DFF9AF998FCE3764EFDF2" box="[1258,1315,871,897]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
, as well as eighty-eight more
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E955DFF9AFC14FC0F72BCFDD6" box="[358,465,907,933]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F9955DFF9AFF15FC0F71F0FDD6" box="[615,669,907,933]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
that were not examined
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955DFF9AFDB5FC2B76EAFAD2" blockId="88.[151,1437,151,1330]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
The
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E955DFF9AFD89FC2B7246FDBA" box="[251,299,943,969]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">type</typeStatus>
specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AFCBDFC2B7105FDBA" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1957" box="[463,616,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnificus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFCBDFC2B7105FDBA" box="[463,616,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">S. magnificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are generally darker than those of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AFE87FC2B77EBFDBA" baseAuthorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[1013,1158,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFE87FC2B77EBFDBA" box="[1013,1158,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">S. reniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, even though specimens within both
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E955DFF9AFC6DFC577222FD9E" box="[287,335,979,1005]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">type</typeStatus>
series show a moderate degree of color variability. Despite this, both species share all other diagnostic morphological traits, including having the tarsal claws simple or with an inconspicuous tooth. Furthermore, they were obtained from similar galls (as stated by
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD955DFF9AFFB9FB9F7771FA46" author="Melika, G. &amp; Abrahamson, W. G." box="[715,1052,1051,1077]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="150 - 190" refId="ref104326" refString="Melika, G. &amp; Abrahamson, W. G. (2002) Review of the world genera of oak cynipid wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). In: Melika, G. &amp; Thuroczy, C. (Eds.), Parasitic Wasps: Evolution, Systematics, Biodiversity and Biological Control. Agroinform Kiadoi &amp; Nyomda Kft., Budapest, pp. 150 - 190." type="book chapter" year="2002">Melika &amp; Abrahamson (2002)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD955DFF9AF955FB9F760BFA46" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[1063,1382,1051,1077]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert (1922)</bibRefCitation>
suggest that
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AFD8EFBBB721DFA2A" baseAuthorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[252,368,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFD8EFBBB721DFA2A" box="[252,368,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">reniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
might be a variety of
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFF17FBBB718EFA2A" box="[613,739,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">truckeensis</emphasis>
, both probably belonging to a still undescribed genus, according to
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD955DFF9AFDACFBE772B7FA0E" author="Dailey, D. C. &amp; Menke, A. S." box="[222,474,1123,1149]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="170 - 174" refId="ref102433" refString="Dailey, D. C. &amp; Menke, A. S. (1980) Nomenclatorial notes on North American Cynipidae (Hymenoptera). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 56, 170 - 174." type="journal article" year="1980">Dailey &amp; Menke 1980</bibRefCitation>
) on oaks from the
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AFFDEFBE7702EFA0E" box="[684,835,1123,1149]" class="Malacostraca" genus="Protobalanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFFDEFBE7702EFA0E" box="[684,835,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Protobalanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
section in
<collectingRegion id="49D20FDE955DFF9AFECFFBE77742FA0E" box="[957,1071,1123,1149]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">California</collectingRegion>
and its surroundings. Hence, we propose here
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AFC5CFB0371F0FAD2" authority="Weld, 1957" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1957" box="[302,669,1158,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnificus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFC5CFB03717BFAD2" box="[302,534,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Synergus magnificus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD955DFF9AFF6FFB0371F0FAD2" author="Weld, L. H." box="[541,669,1158,1185]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="ref108990" refString="Weld, L. H. (1957) Cynipid galls of the Pacific slope (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea). Privately printed, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 64 pp." type="book" year="1957">Weld, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AFE10FB0376EEFAD2" authority="McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[866,1411,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFE10FB03772FFAD2" box="[866,1090,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Synergus reniformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD955DFF9AF93BFB0376EEFAD2" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[1097,1411,1159,1185]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955DFF9AFDE5FB2F7726FB42" blockId="88.[151,1437,151,1330]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
This species shows a high degree of variability in the metasomal punctuation.
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD955DFF9AFE89FB2F77D2FAB6" author="Weld, L. H." box="[1019,1215,1194,1221]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="ref108990" refString="Weld, L. H. (1957) Cynipid galls of the Pacific slope (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea). Privately printed, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 64 pp." type="book" year="1957">Weld (1957: 108)</bibRefCitation>
recorded that while some specimens show a conspicuous punctuation on the syntergum posteriorly, others have it almost smooth. Both the
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E955DFF9AFDB2FB777396FB7E" box="[192,251,1267,1293]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">types</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AFC52FB7772DAFB7E" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1957" box="[288,439,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnificus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFC52FB777243FB7E" box="[288,302,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFC4EFB7772DAFB7E" box="[316,439,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">magnificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955DFF9AFC9FFB777110FB7E" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[493,637,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955DFF9AFC9FFB777110FB7E" box="[493,637,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">S. reniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
examined have the syntergum micropunctate (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB9955DFF9AF9FAFB77766FFB7D" box="[1160,1282,1267,1294]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="86.[151,250,835,859]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,811]" captionTargetId="figure-28@86.[158,1430,181,811]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 34. Variability of the metasomal punctuation of Synergus reniformis: a) S. magnificus (holotype); b) S. reniformis (lectotype); c) S. reniformis (additional material from Mexico)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434092/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Fig. 34a, b</figureCitation>
), whereas the specimens found in
<collectingRegion id="49D20FDE955DFF9AFC0AFA937149FB42" box="[376,548,1303,1329]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Baja California</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC955DFF9AFF40FA9371E6FB41" box="[562,651,1303,1330]" name="Mexico" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Mexico</collectingCountry>
) have the syntergum smooth (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB9955DFF9AFEAFFA937753FB42" box="[989,1086,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="86.[151,250,835,859]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,811]" captionTargetId="figure-28@86.[158,1430,181,811]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 34. Variability of the metasomal punctuation of Synergus reniformis: a) S. magnificus (holotype); b) S. reniformis (lectotype); c) S. reniformis (additional material from Mexico)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434092/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Fig. 34c</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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