276 lines
31 KiB
XML
276 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="434DCDD383F58847D3108096572F40D7" ID-CLB-Dataset="46365" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3768.2.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="60a3e9ad-086f-4df2-a5e7-0445601b9267" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="227977" ID-ZooBank="FA258098-7021-40F7-B341-D339DE5C0EA6" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460388452354" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Duellman, William E., Barley, Anthony J. & Venegas, Pablo J." docDate="2014" docId="03BF701EAD3D4E0DCDCEFBAEFEECFD57" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03768p177.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3768 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Gastrotheca monticola" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="164" masterDocId="FF860866AD3E4E08CD59FFB2FFA5FFFF" masterDocTitle="Cryptic species diversity in marsupial frogs (Anura: Hemiphractidae: Gastrotheca) in the Andes of northern Peru" masterLastPageNumber="177" masterPageNumber="159" pageNumber="162" updateTime="1698297961614" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F76F0E18EBB2A4F93C37CA310DDC25F0">
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<mods:title id="90A3B70162D688C48B8C5DC7F559C02D">Cryptic species diversity in marsupial frogs (Anura: Hemiphractidae: Gastrotheca) in the Andes of northern Peru</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="005AE2EC52C08F915CEFC80199E36BA7" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="4768107403D4F6FE17C78B482FEABDFE">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6FB66B73F90D5E9EBE3E12DAA2929F88">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F82F720B0A8DAAE39526D47705A09927">Duellman, William E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="E5D496C887FB49C8DFCC97013007A93C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B56BF1AE6E37C33161230616294E794C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B3025EDD495E5F4AEE02535FA06F9216">Barley, Anthony J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="C237787D2488F8CA3F04CD7CD6B63A11" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="53AA3F3172203E2F00E6BB35DA31C14B">
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<mods:roleTerm id="77630659808F7E7751D2BA48DD53D3BE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2FA9E68820B43427CBD5450F7CB77D16">Venegas, Pablo J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="72C73AA87A7F222D7A0EB3AD68BED49C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="C205EDD10AC32ADF27ED34FB77FD0E5B">
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<mods:title id="F9A6B327660E4E2195D8FCC717ECEF99">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="CE678E3B049E83602AF7701082A97993">
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<mods:date id="35B9E96C98E9F1B40F7BF5BE4D8F0DE2">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="54A6FE9312BC9220F6CA4159EB453062" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A0053B735C245B3A5AFA292677CC4168">3768</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="0574CE533AB5BECCC9DD5E56F3C6912E" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="D5E3EB9DAAAB137A70009336F0F5A6B1">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="D0C8529A687BBD3E44B3A2F6FC5BF21C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="40FB7B78DA3F77463F7D8573790041EE" type="CLB-Dataset">46365</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0A76756CA99895DC21555A690BC3C6DC" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3768.2.4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F8CD913A60C1E4A5003E7A0A57ED6D36" type="GBIF-Dataset">60a3e9ad-086f-4df2-a5e7-0445601b9267</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03BF701EAD3D4E0DCDCEFBAEFEECFD57" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5678744" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119416087" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5678744" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF701EAD3D4E0DCDCEFBAEFEECFD57" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BF701EAD3D4E0DCDCEFBAEFEECFD57" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">
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<subSubSection id="C30C9283AD3D4E0BCDCEFBAEFDCEFBCA" box="[151,619,1051,1078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C108AD3D4E0BCDCEFBAEFDCEFBCA" blockId="3.[151,619,1051,1078]" box="[151,619,1051,1078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">
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<heading id="D0E17664AD3D4E0BCDCEFBAEFDCEFBCA" bold="true" box="[151,619,1051,1078]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BCDCEFBAEFDCEFBCA" bold="true" box="[151,619,1051,1078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">
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Redefinition of
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3D4E0BCC01FBA9FDCEFBCA" ID-CoL="6JY8J" box="[344,619,1051,1077]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BCC01FBA9FDCEFBCA" bold="true" box="[344,619,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">Gastrotheca monticola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C9283AD3D4E0BCDCEFBD1FCFEFAF4" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C108AD3D4E0BCDCEFBD1FCFEFAF4" blockId="3.[151,1436,1122,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">
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<collectingCountry id="F3018198AD3D4E0BCDCEFBD1FF13FB84" box="[151,182,1123,1147]" name="American Samoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">As</collectingCountry>
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shown in the phylogenetic analysis, topotypic
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3D4E0BCFBAFBD0FC4DFB84" box="[739,1000,1122,1147]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BCFBAFBD0FC4DFB84" box="[739,1000,1122,1147]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">Gastrotheca monticola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are in the same clade as those from Pomacochas, from where a large series is available for the following redefinition; however, there is considerable variation in dorsal coloration (
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<figureCitation id="132DDD8DAD3D4E0BCCB2FB18FD94FB3C" box="[491,561,1194,1219]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1673,1695]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1650]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Three previously described species of Gastrotheca from northern Peru. A – C. G. monticola: A. KU 219768, female, 62.1 mm SVL, from 1.8 km N Huancabamba, 1980 m, Piura, Peru; B. KU 219770, female, 60.2 mm SVL, from 4 km N Huancabamba, 1900 m, Piura, Peru; photos by E. R. Wild. C. MHNC 6742, male, 56.5 mm SVL, from Kuelap, 2920 m, Amazonas, Peru; photo by J. C. Chaparro. D. G. dysprosita, KU 212078, male, 60.5 mm SVL, from west slope Abra Barro Negro, 17 km (by road) WSW of Leimebamba, 3440 m, Amazonas, Peru; photo by W. E. Duellman. E and F. G. lateonota: E. KU 181730, female 62.1 mm SVL, KU 181732, female, 50.4 mm SVL, both from El Tambo, 2770 m, Piura, Peru; photos by W. E. Duellman." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227979/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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). Also, the analysis shows that specimens from
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<collectingCountry id="F3018198AD3D4E0BC912FB18FB0DFB3C" box="[1099,1192,1194,1219]" name="Ecuador" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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are distinct; for these the name
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3D4E0BCC52FB7CFD9EFB18" authority="Parker" authorityName="Parker" box="[267,571,1230,1255]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lojana">
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BCC52FB7CFE42FB18" box="[267,487,1230,1255]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">Gastrotheca lojana</emphasis>
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Parker
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</taxonomicName>
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is available. This species is being redefined by Carvajal-Endara
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BC86FFB7DFAD7FB18" box="[1334,1394,1230,1255]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">et al.</emphasis>
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(in prep.) and, except for the sequence data, is not included herein.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C9283AD3D4E0DCD9EFAAEFCDBFE52" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C108AD3D4E0BCD9EFAAEFCA6F97B" blockId="3.[151,1436,1122,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BCD9EFAAEFEE4FACA" bold="true" box="[199,321,1308,1333]" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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A moderately large species—SVL 49.0–
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<quantity id="4CEE6CEDAD3D4E0BCE56FAAEFCD7FACB" box="[783,882,1308,1333]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.57" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="55.7">55.7 mm</quantity>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BCED4FAA9FC3EFAC8" bold="true" box="[909,923,1307,1335]" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">x</emphasis>
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= 51.7 ± 2.62,
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BC91AFAAFFBF4FACB" box="[1091,1105,1309,1332]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">n</emphasis>
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=
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<specimenCount id="9D100A81AD3D4E0BC936FAAEFB73FACA" box="[1135,1238,1308,1333]" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" type="male">11 males</specimenCount>
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), 48.0–
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<quantity id="4CEE6CEDAD3D4E0BC870FAAEFA29FACB" box="[1321,1420,1308,1333]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.63" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="66.3">66.3 mm</quantity>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BCDC5FAF5FF0FFA9C" bold="true" box="[156,170,1351,1379]" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">x</emphasis>
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= 58.4 ± 5.11,
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BCC01FAFBFEC3FA9F" box="[344,358,1353,1376]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">n</emphasis>
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=
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<specimenCount id="9D100A81AD3D4E0BCCDEFAFAFDA1FA9E" box="[391,516,1352,1377]" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" type="female">16 females</specimenCount>
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)—with (1) tibia length 47–55% SVL, about same length as foot; (2) interorbital distance much greater than width of upper eyelid; (3) skin on dorsum shagreen to finely granular, not co-ossified with skull, lacking transverse ridges; (4) supraciliary processes absent; (5) heel lacking calcar or tubercle; (6) tympanic annulus smooth; (7) Finger I slightly shorter than II with discs slightly wider than digits; (8) fingers unwebbed; (9) webbing extending maximally to penultimate subarticular tubercle on Toes IV and V; (10) dorsum green or brown with darker middorsal mark extending to sacrum or paravertebral marks usually connected in occipital region; (11) head markings consisting of dark canthal stripe and pale labial stripe; (12) pale dorsolateral stripe usually absent; (13) flanks and anterior and posterior surfaces of thighs with dark markings; (14) venter cream with dark spots; (15) brood pouch single, dorsal.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA9C108AD3D4E0DCD9EF93CFCDBFE52" blockId="3.[151,1436,1122,2028]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,680]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3D4E0BCD9EF93CFE6CF958" box="[199,457,1678,1703]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BCD9EF93CFE6CF958" box="[199,457,1678,1703]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">Gastrotheca monticola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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most closely resembles four other species in northern
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<collectingCountry id="F3018198AD3D4E0BC966F922FBD3F958" box="[1087,1142,1680,1703]" name="Peru" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">Peru</collectingCountry>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3D4E0BC9DBF93CFAFFF958" box="[1154,1370,1678,1703]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aratia">
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BC9DBF93CFAFFF958" box="[1154,1370,1678,1703]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">Gastrotheca aratia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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lacks black spots on the flanks and anterior and posterior surfaces of the thighs (Table 1); the nuptial excrescences are unpigmented. Additionally, the following phenotypic characters (although partially overlapping) can help distinguishing these species. Specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3D4E0BCFD6F94EFD52F8EC" box="[655,759,1788,1811]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aratia">
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BCFD6F94EFD52F8EC" box="[655,759,1788,1811]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">G. aratia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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usually lack a pale supracloacal stripe (absent in 67% of specimens studied) and are smaller (SVLs of males =
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<quantity id="4CEE6CEDAD3D4E0BCE4FF8ACFC64F8C8" box="[790,961,1822,1847]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.925" metricValueMax="5.57" metricValueMin="4.279999999999999" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="49.25" valueMax="55.7" valueMin="42.8">42.8–55.7 mm</quantity>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3D4E0BCE8EF8ACFB7CF8C8" box="[983,1241,1822,1847]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aguaruna">
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BCE8EF8ACFB7CF8C8" box="[983,1241,1822,1847]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">Gastrotheca aguaruna</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs by being much smaller (SVLs of males =
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<quantity id="4CEE6CEDAD3D4E0BCF54F8F1FD16F8A4" box="[525,691,1859,1884]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.42" metricValueMax="4.68" metricValueMin="4.16" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="44.2" valueMax="46.8" valueMin="41.6">41.6–46.8 mm</quantity>
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) than
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3D4E0BCFA5F8F6FC2BF8A3" box="[764,910,1859,1884]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BCFA5F8F6FC2BF8A3" box="[764,910,1859,1884]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">G. monticola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and also by lacking a pale supracloacal stripe and black spots on the flanks and anterior and posterior surfaces of the thighs, and by having a green vocal sac.
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3D4E0BCDCEF839FE04F85B" box="[151,417,1931,1956]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dysprosita">
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BCDCEF839FE04F85B" box="[151,417,1931,1956]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">Gastrotheca dysprosita</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is like
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3D4E0BCF5BF83EFD33F85B" box="[514,662,1931,1956]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BCF5BF83EFD33F85B" box="[514,662,1931,1956]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">G. monticola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in having a bluntly rounded snout in profile but differs from
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3D4E0BC8DDF83EFEA2F838" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BC8DDF83EFEA2F838" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">G. monticola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by having a green dorsum with a narrow, diffuse, yellow middorsal stripe and green flanks with small yellow spots; furthermore,
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3D4E0BCC94F866FDC5F813" box="[461,608,2003,2028]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dysprosita">
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<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3D4E0BCC94F866FDC5F813" box="[461,608,2003,2028]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="162">G. dysprosita</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has coarsely granular skin on the dorsum and a granular tympanic annulus and lacks a dark canthal stripe and pale labial stripe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDD8DAD3A4E0CCE10F836FC2BF863" box="[841,910,1924,1949]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1673,1695]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1650]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Three previously described species of Gastrotheca from northern Peru. A – C. G. monticola: A. KU 219768, female, 62.1 mm SVL, from 1.8 km N Huancabamba, 1980 m, Piura, Peru; B. KU 219770, female, 60.2 mm SVL, from 4 km N Huancabamba, 1900 m, Piura, Peru; photos by E. R. Wild. C. MHNC 6742, male, 56.5 mm SVL, from Kuelap, 2920 m, Amazonas, Peru; photo by J. C. Chaparro. D. G. dysprosita, KU 212078, male, 60.5 mm SVL, from west slope Abra Barro Negro, 17 km (by road) WSW of Leimebamba, 3440 m, Amazonas, Peru; photo by W. E. Duellman. E and F. G. lateonota: E. KU 181730, female 62.1 mm SVL, KU 181732, female, 50.4 mm SVL, both from El Tambo, 2770 m, Piura, Peru; photos by W. E. Duellman." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227979/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3A4E0CCEFAF836FB3BF862" box="[931,1182,1924,1949]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateonota">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3A4E0CCEFAF836FB3BF862" box="[931,1182,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Gastrotheca lateonota</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3A4E0CC9A9F837FA25F862" box="[1264,1408,1924,1949]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3A4E0CC9A9F837FA25F862" box="[1264,1408,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">G. monticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in size and most proportions, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3A4E0CCCA8F81AFDDFF83F" box="[497,634,1959,1984]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateonota">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3A4E0CCCA8F81AFDDFF83F" box="[497,634,1959,1984]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">G. lateonota</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3A4E0CCE57F81AFC38F83F" box="[782,925,1959,1984]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3A4E0CCE57F81AFC38F83F" box="[782,925,1959,1984]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">G. monticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a truncate snout in profile, smooth skin on the dorsum, and a nearly uniform grayish brown venter. Six other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3A4E0CC91FF87EFB75F81A" box="[1094,1232,1996,2021]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3A4E0CC91FF87EFB75F81A" box="[1094,1232,1996,2021]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Gastrotheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inhabit the Andes in northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3018198AD3B4E0DCC45FF2AFEF6FF50" box="[284,339,152,175]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Of these,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3B4E0DCC95FF2AFD55FF4F" box="[460,752,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3B4E0DCC95FF2AFDE9FF4F" box="[460,588,152,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruana">G. peruana</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3B4E0DCF01FF2AFD49FF4F" box="[600,748,151,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phalarosa">G. phalarosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3B4E0DCE71FF2AFC73FF4F" box="[808,982,151,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phelloderma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3B4E0DCE71FF2AFC73FF4F" box="[808,982,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">G. phelloderma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have pustular skin on the dorsum. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3B4E0DC8DDFF2AFEAAFF2A" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ossilaginis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3B4E0DC8DDFF2AFEAAFF2A" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">G. ossilaginis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the skin on the head is co-ossified with the underlying bones of the skull.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3B4E0DC908FF0EFA8DFF2A" box="[1105,1320,188,213]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abdita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3B4E0DC908FF0EFA8DFF2A" box="[1105,1320,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">Gastrotheca abdita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs by having an acuminate snout in dorsal view, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3B4E0DCFC7FF52FCB5FF07" box="[670,784,223,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3B4E0DCFC7FF52FCB5FF07" box="[670,784,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">G. galeata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs by having a spatulate labium; the latter two species also produce eggs that undergo direct development.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3B4E0DCFB9FEB6FC45FEE2" box="[736,992,260,285]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3B4E0DCFB9FEB6FC45FEE2" box="[736,992,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">Gastrotheca monticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3B4E0DC9FEFEB7FEADFEBF" authority="Duellman and Hillis" authorityName="Duellman and Hillis" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="litonedis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3B4E0DC9FEFEB7FA82FEE2" box="[1191,1319,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">G. litonedis</emphasis>
|
||
Duellman and Hillis
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3B4E0DCC1CFE9AFDA7FEBF" authority="Parker" authorityName="Parker" box="[325,514,295,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lojana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3B4E0DCC1CFE9AFE0AFEBF" box="[325,431,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">G. lojana</emphasis>
|
||
Parker
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3018198AD3B4E0DCFCEFE95FD5DFEBF" box="[663,760,295,320]" name="Ecuador" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
; both of these species differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3B4E0DC9D4FE9AFABAFEBF" box="[1165,1311,295,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3B4E0DC9D4FE9AFABAFEBF" box="[1165,1311,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">G. monticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having Fingers I and II equal in length, whereas Finger I is shorter than Finger II in
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3B4E0DCEB1FEFFFBDBFE9A" box="[1000,1150,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3B4E0DCEB1FEFFFBDFFE9A" box="[1000,1146,332,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">G. monticola</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3B4E0DC844FEFFFA39FE9A" box="[1309,1436,332,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="litonedis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3B4E0DC844FEFFFA39FE9A" box="[1309,1436,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">G. litonedis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has smooth skin on the dorsum and a uniformly pale grayish brown venter, in contrast to shagreen to granular skin on the dorsum and a cream venter with dark spots in
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3B4E0DCFB1FE27FCDBFE52" box="[744,894,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3B4E0DCFB1FE27FCDEFE52" box="[744,891,404,429]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">G. monticola</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF699180AD3A4E0CCDCEF93BFEE5F8A8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227979/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1650]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C108AD3A4E0CCDCEF93BFEE5F8A8" blockId="4.[151,1436,1673,1879]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3A4E0CCDCEF93BFEB2F961" bold="true" box="[151,279,1673,1695]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Three previously described species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3A4E0CCFE5F93BFC9DF960" box="[700,824,1673,1695]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3A4E0CCFE5F93BFC9DF960" box="[700,824,1673,1695]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Gastrotheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from northern Peru. A–C.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3A4E0CC939F938FB40F960" box="[1120,1253,1673,1695]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3A4E0CC939F938FB40F960" box="[1120,1253,1673,1695]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">G. monticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: A. KU 219768, female, 62.1 mm SVL, from 1.8 km N Huancabamba, 1980 m, Piura, Peru; B. KU 219770, female, 60.2 mm SVL, from 4 km N Huancabamba, 1900 m, Piura, Peru; photos by E. R. Wild. C. MHNC 6742, male, 56.5 mm SVL, from Kuelap, 2920 m, Amazonas, Peru; photo by J. C. Chaparro. D.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3A4E0CCF20F954FCA3F904" box="[633,774,1765,1787]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3A4E0CCF20F954FCA4F904" box="[633,769,1765,1787]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dysprosita">G. dysprosita</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
KU 212078, male, 60.5 mm SVL, from west slope Abra Barro Negro, 17 km (by road) WSW of Leimebamba, 3440 m, Amazonas, Peru; photo by W. E. Duellman. E and F.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3A4E0CC9A2F8B6FADAF8E5" box="[1275,1407,1796,1818]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3A4E0CC9A2F8B6FADCF8E5" box="[1275,1401,1796,1818]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateonota">G. lateonota</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
E. KU 181730, female 62.1 mm SVL, KU 181732, female, 50.4 mm SVL, both from El Tambo, 2770 m, Piura, Peru; photos by W. E. Duellman.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30C9283AD3B4E0DCD9EFE05FEECFD57" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C108AD3B4E0DCD9EFE05FEECFD57" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3B4E0DCD9EFE05FE5FFE2F" bold="true" box="[199,506,439,464]" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D1AAD3B4E0DCF5DFE05FCAAFE2F" box="[516,783,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BA8BAD3B4E0DCF5DFE05FCAEFE2F" box="[516,779,439,464]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">Gastrotheca monticola</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
as recognized here, is known from elevations of
|
||
<quantity id="4CEE6CEDAD3B4E0DC80FFE0AFF48FE0B" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.93" metricValueMax="1.96" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" unit="m" value="1930.0" valueMax="1960.0" valueMin="1900.0">1900– 1960 m</quantity>
|
||
in the vicinity of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7FAAAD3B4E0DCCBDFE6FFDB1FE0A" box="[484,532,477,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in the valley of the Río Huancabamba, which flows southward into the Río Chamaya, a tributary of the Río Marañón. The species occurs at Ayabaca (
|
||
<quantity id="4CEE6CEDAD3B4E0DC96FFDB2FB34FDE7" box="[1078,1169,512,536]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" unit="m" value="2700.0">2700 m</quantity>
|
||
) northwest of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7FAAAD3B4E0DC835FDB2FA39FDE7" box="[1388,1436,512,536]" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality. Its range extends southeastward to several localities at elevations of
|
||
<quantity id="4CEE6CEDAD3B4E0DCEA6FD96FB3EFDC3" box="[1023,1179,548,573]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7975000000000003" metricValueMax="3.2350000000000003" metricValueMin="2.3600000000000003" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" unit="m" value="2797.5" valueMax="3235.0" valueMin="2360.0">2360–3235 m</quantity>
|
||
in the northern part of the Cordillera Central in Departamento Amazonas. Individuals have been found in arboreal bromeliads by day; the species thrives in anthropogenic conditions, as was evident of individuals found at night on trees within the village of Pomacochas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |