131 lines
19 KiB
XML
131 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="A4808D0B3ACB51A22E79892089F36B70" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5424.3.3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10821361" ID-ZooBank="524CF65D-F877-42E1-B983-EDC7D3ED1623" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="karina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="karina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="karina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="karina" checkinTime="1710500736614" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gordon, Dennis P., Randolph Quek, Z. B. & Huang, Danwei" docDate="2024" docId="0381104DFFCEB95EEAF0FE3FF1E8FB5F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5424.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5424 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5424.3.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Rhabdopleura compacta Hincks 1880" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="334" masterDocId="FFB86835FFC5B955EA67FFECF562FF83" masterDocTitle="Four new species and a ribosomal phylogeny of Rhabdopleura (Hemichordata: Graptolithina) from New Zealand, with a review and key to all described extant taxa" masterLastPageNumber="357" masterPageNumber="323" pageNumber="334" updateTime="1710798204585" updateUser="karina" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="81C453ED8C2C7980CCF9D98A4F839F74" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="4BB9B5E3D042299C86EAD5C5DE4D2BA5">
|
||
<mods:title id="E2F7E02EE5721DCC15C344C0C38B70C8">Four new species and a ribosomal phylogeny of Rhabdopleura (Hemichordata: Graptolithina) from New Zealand, with a review and key to all described extant taxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="8018F3F82F798FB765EC96524F17B494" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="725770CC871160A1AF5E9A247F9D1BE8">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="3B803BE7E35C4EC22F081091BBECE364">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="B62F5373204DC535CB0ECB306EB9FD25">Gordon, Dennis P.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="DF8953FBAB8FDEE15C3E5DE9247F97A2">National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Private Bay 14901, Kilbirnie, Wellington 6241, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="11E6B593CFB825EF8F36D4CC5D5FD6D6" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="FA130D8DCBBE72B450287E06DF1E3645">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="5533B0BDE2F60E167C379AA0F5A29F86">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="9157C9921819E4DA23D2B403BA993E4F">Randolph Quek, Z. B.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BF5754A454232A60018D674D2F218043" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7998-7052</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="E0887D5A4FEE42C1E95EB2FEAC957BF7">National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Private Bay 14901, Kilbirnie, Wellington 6241, New Zealand & Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7F5783DEB5EB2D4CDC38369BF3EA2FED" type="email">randolphquek@u.nus.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="ADE8AC87976AF1D01C6E5F25ED34A772" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="FA3AB8537F33C44F17602EA7FB3A18AD">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="A3730D3B217BABDD394A2831A1357C46">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="60520462E7707AE2C846ECF41B27F470">Huang, Danwei</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="52FACB745ADDD000B3D142607363963C">National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Private Bay 14901, Kilbirnie, Wellington 6241, New Zealand & Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore & National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Private Bay 14901, Kilbirnie, Wellington 6241, New Zealand & Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, 2 Conservatory Drive, Singapore 117377, Singapore & National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Private Bay 14901, Kilbirnie, Wellington 6241, New Zealand & Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119227, Singapore & National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Private Bay 14901, Kilbirnie, Wellington 6241, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="5A7BE5B6C4A9A851DE6F8C7D9228CD83">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="CED6A09B273FC4B4C72C42D6BE79A0D8" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="D86FBED71C0AC56EA12089B409869036">
|
||
<mods:title id="00113450019A684ED741E47E285EA673">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="49100C66562EC711B310E97B51AF9AA1">
|
||
<mods:date id="23177B6210A1CCC85CF4FA54CFD18BE2">2024</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="C5BEAB1648025A6AB5664807196CF76E" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="13EE09FB8059BBE0961FD42C6D6805AF">2024-03-14</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="F9AFC3508150202DE2FDB4C220FC30C7" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="52EE8E07B1D6C08A72589AE7090793EA">5424</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="CE482F9191EB438D3CE6801EAA15E849" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="EAFDE6C5121EB2B87578692124AB518E">3</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="257F727B36850A0D212E605425C5A116" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="A2558E96A927027488E2254D7DA1A478">323</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="2B3E91989E20392564EF9221613B68F6">357</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="1EC74BF8B2023F4FF497624DC51F1AF3">
|
||
<mods:url id="06CA69D4392E6EBB4AA1DA77B2704D8A">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5424.3.3</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="E6835EBBCD2B9924F904CB71F14203D7">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F52F52A7C348C972EDA88E16E5B6CA9A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5424.3.3</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="66689E659DF2572EC299E0FD076A8E3E" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="15AE24F878977DC4FC340428ED2D9E70" type="Zenodo-Dep">10821361</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="66D43ECCE4128273B0280A1181097DCB" type="ZooBank">524CF65D-F877-42E1-B983-EDC7D3ED1623</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="0381104DFFCEB95EEAF0FE3FF1E8FB5F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10821335" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10821335" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0381104DFFCEB95EEAF0FE3FF1E8FB5F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0381104DFFCEB95EEAF0FE3FF1E8FB5F" lastPageNumber="334" pageId="11" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C332F2D0FFCEB95EEAF0FE3FF79CFE6E" box="[151,766,467,494]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97A15BFFCEB95EEAF0FE3FF79CFE6E" blockId="11.[151,766,467,494]" box="[151,766,467,494]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<heading id="D0DF1637FFCEB95EEAF0FE3FF79CFE6E" bold="true" box="[151,766,467,494]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="334" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFCEB95EEAF0FE3FF79CFE6E" bold="true" box="[151,766,467,494]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C28DAD8FFCEB95EEAF0FE3FF70AFE6E" ID-CoL="6X49Z" authority="Hincks, 1880" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1880" box="[151,616,467,494]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Rhabdopleuridae" genus="Rhabdopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdopleurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="334" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="compacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFCEB95EEAF0FE3FF4DDFE6D" bold="true" box="[151,447,467,494]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="334">Rhabdopleura compacta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9DCAAFFCEB95EEBA1FE3FF70AFE6E" author="Hincks, T." box="[454,616,467,493]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334" refId="ref22515" refString="Hincks, T. (1880) A History of the British Marine Polyzoa. Vols. 1 & 2. Van Voorst, London, cxli + 601 pp. & 83 pls." type="book" year="1880">Hincks, 1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1313BDDEFFCEB95EE810FE3FF794FE6E" box="[631,758,467,493]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1839,1863]" captionTargetBox="[201,1388,286,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-61@12.[186,1401,273,1816]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Original illustrations of three described species of Rhabdopleura characterized by direct-frontal inception of ringed erect tubes (A‒C). Erect-tube inception in R. compacta (D‒F) appears to be a form of indirect erect-tube inception. Note that the direction of zooid budding is the same in A to C. A, Rhabdopleura mirabilis (from Sars 1872, pl. 1, fig. 5). B, Rhabdopleura annulata (from Norman 1921, fig. 4). C, Rhabdopleura recondita (after Beli et al. 2018, fig. 2C). D‒F, Rhabdopleura compacta (respectively after Hincks 1880, pl. 72, fig. 8; Stebbing 1970b, fig. 1; Stebbing 1970a, fig. 3)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10821371" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10821371/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="334">Fig. 5D‒F</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C332F2D0FFCEB95EEAF0FDFAF5B3FDD7" pageId="11" pageNumber="334" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97A15BFFCEB95EEAF0FDFAF5B3FDD7" blockId="11.[151,1437,534,1245]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B40AB06FFCEB95EEAF0FDFAF5B3FDD7" collectionCode="NNE" country="Ireland" elevation="105" location="Off Antrim" municipality="Belfast" pageId="11" pageNumber="334" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFCEB95EEAF0FDFAF455FDB3" bold="true" box="[151,311,534,560]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54931FF9FFCEB95EEAF0FDFAF5B0FDB3" box="[151,210,534,560]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="8EF7F780FFCEB95EEB27FDFAF4A3FDB3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0381104DFFCEB95EEAF0FE3FF1E8FB5F:8EF7F780FFCEB95EEB27FDFAF4A3FDB3" box="[320,449,534,560]" country="Ireland" municipality="Belfast" name="Off Antrim" pageId="11" pageNumber="334">Off Antrim</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33FE1CBFFCEB95EEBA9FDFAF77FFDB3" box="[462,541,534,560]" name="Ireland" pageId="11" pageNumber="334">Ireland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(NE or
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED39399EFFCEB95EE81AFDFBF7D5FDB2" box="[637,695,535,561]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334">NNE</collectionCode>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF33B21FFCEB95EE8B8FDFAF64CFDB3" box="[735,814,534,560]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334">Belfast</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
in “deep water” (c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD00CBEFFCEB95EEE7FFDFAF1EFFDB2" box="[1048,1165,534,561]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.055" metricValueMax="1.65" metricValueMin="0.45999999999999996" pageId="11" pageNumber="334" unit="m" value="105.5" valueMax="165.0" valueMin="46.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00054668FFCEB95EEE7FFDFAF1EFFDB2" box="[1048,1165,534,561]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.055" metricValueMax="1.65" metricValueMin="0.45999999999999996" pageId="11" pageNumber="334" unit="m" value="105.5" valueMax="165.0" valueMin="46.0">46‒165 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
; see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9DCAAFFCEB95EEEA0FDFAF018FDB3" author="Stebbing, A. R. D." box="[1223,1402,534,560]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334" pagination="209 - 221" refId="ref25339" refString="Stebbing, A. R. D. (1970 a) The status and ecology of Rhabdopleura compacta (Hemichordata) from Plymouth. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 50, 209 - 221. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400000722" type="journal article" year="1970">Stebbing 1970a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 211).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C332F2D0FFCEB95EEAA0FDB2F775FCAF" pageId="11" pageNumber="334" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97A15BFFCEB95EEAA0FDB2F775FCAF" blockId="11.[151,1437,534,1245]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFCEB95EEAA0FDB2F40AFDFB" bold="true" box="[199,360,606,632]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334">Key features.</emphasis>
|
||
Inception of ringed erect tubes appears to be indirect. The mature reproductive colony is tiny and compact (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1313BDDEFFCEB95EEB50FD6EF4EDFD1F" box="[311,399,642,668]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,182,1758]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[162,1426,181,1771]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Original illustrations of described species of Rhabdopleura characterized by indirect inception of ringed erect tubes from creeping tubes via an intervening adnate portion that comprises a blind-ending branch. A, Rhabdopleura normani (from Allman 1869, pl. 8, fig. 1). Note that most of the colony is adherent; only the ringed tubes (rt) are erect, the proximal part of each side branch (ppsb) is adherent and the oblique sutures are not shown. B, schematic interpretative depiction of R. normani (after Andres 1977). C, D, Rhabdopleura grimaldii (from Jullien 1890, p. 181); note that ringed erect tubes (rt) are mostly lacking, with only the adherent proximal parts of side branches (ppsb) present. D is a cropped part of C to show the proximal parts of two side branches, with fusellar sutures and Jullien’s putative ‘very fine tubes’ (vft)—actually the side walls of the tapering pectocaulus, the proximal end of which is transparent, hence the apparent gap between it and the pectocaulus of the creeping tube. E, F, Rhabdopleura striata (from Schepotieff 1909, pl. 7, figs 2, 7); E shows longitudinally striated erect parts of side branches; oblique sutures on prostrate parts omitted in E but shown in F, with characteristic web of fusellar sutures (wfs) in branch angles from main creeping tube. G, Rhabdopleura manubialis (from Jullien & Calvet, 1903, pl. 1, fig. 2) with dormant bodies (db)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10821369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10821369/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="334">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
), with mean size <
|
||
<quantity id="4CD00CBEFFCEB95EE817FD6EF7D0FD1E" box="[624,690,642,669]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="334" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
diameter (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9DCAAFFCEB95EE94CFD6EF682FD1F" author="Stebbing, A. R. D." box="[811,992,642,668]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334" pagination="209 - 221" refId="ref25339" refString="Stebbing, A. R. D. (1970 a) The status and ecology of Rhabdopleura compacta (Hemichordata) from Plymouth. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 50, 209 - 221. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400000722" type="journal article" year="1970">Stebbing 1970a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 213) and the adherent tubes closely appressed laterally, each with oblique fusellar sutures. There are up to 30 zooids per colony (average seven). Zooids are lemon-yellow with reddish-brown pigment spots on tentacles and the central part of the cephalic shield, and light green spots on the sides of cephalic shield and along one side of each tentacle. Dormant buds are enclosed in a dark casing (capsule) within the stolon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C332F2D0FFCEB95EEAA0FCDAF1E8FB5F" pageId="11" pageNumber="334" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97A15BFFCEB95EEAA0FCDAF1E8FB5F" blockId="11.[151,1437,534,1245]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFCEB95EEAA0FCDAF421FCD3" bold="true" box="[199,323,822,848]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334">Comment.</emphasis>
|
||
Colony growth in this compact species has been described as monopodial by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9DCAAFFCEB95EEEE9FCDAF0FBFCD3" author="Urbanek, A. & Dilly, P. N." box="[1166,1433,822,848]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334" pagination="201 - 226" refId="ref25723" refString="Urbanek, A. & Dilly, P. N. (2000) The stolon system in Rhabdopleura compacta (Hemichordata) and its phylogenetic implications. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 45, 201 - 226." type="journal article" year="2000">Urbanek & Dilly (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. They described a “permanent terminal zooid” (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C7D49FFCEB95EE8CBFCB6F7BCFCF7" box="[684,734,858,884]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="334">ibid.</emphasis>
|
||
, p. 201) in which the stolon produces buds of regular feeding zooids that “form a chain … at different growth stages situated behind the terminal zooid,” with each bud separating from its neighbour by secreting a transverse partition across the stolon-bearing tube such that each chamber formed in this way becomes a basal part of an individual zooidal tube. Juvenile zooids within such chambers form, by resorption, a circular pore in the upper wall of the tube and, emerging through it, they secrete an erect free portion of the zooidal tube proper. The original drawing by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9DCAAFFCEB95EE8DAFBE2F635FBAB" author="Hincks, T." box="[701,855,1038,1064]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334" refId="ref22515" refString="Hincks, T. (1880) A History of the British Marine Polyzoa. Vols. 1 & 2. Van Voorst, London, cxli + 601 pp. & 83 pls." type="book" year="1880">Hincks (1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 72, fig. 8) and those by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9DCAAFFCEB95EEEF4FBE2F02FFBAB" author="Stebbing, A. R. D." box="[1171,1357,1038,1064]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334" pagination="209 - 221" refId="ref25339" refString="Stebbing, A. R. D. (1970 a) The status and ecology of Rhabdopleura compacta (Hemichordata) from Plymouth. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 50, 209 - 221. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400000722" type="journal article" year="1970">Stebbing (1970a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 2; 1970b, fig. 1) suggest indirect lateral growth or a modified form of it.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9DCAAFFCEB95EE9EAFBDEF135FBCF" author="Stebbing, A. R. D." box="[909,1111,1074,1100]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334" pagination="209 - 221" refId="ref25339" refString="Stebbing, A. R. D. (1970 a) The status and ecology of Rhabdopleura compacta (Hemichordata) from Plymouth. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 50, 209 - 221. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400000722" type="journal article" year="1970">Stebbing’s (1970a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 3) interpretative drawing shows no obvious “permanent terminal zooid” and what may be interpreted as blind-ending side branches are budded laterally not frontally.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9DCAAFFCEB95EEBFCFB96F713FB17" author="Stebbing, A. R. D." box="[411,625,1146,1172]" pageId="11" pageNumber="334" pagination="209 - 221" refId="ref25339" refString="Stebbing, A. R. D. (1970 a) The status and ecology of Rhabdopleura compacta (Hemichordata) from Plymouth. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 50, 209 - 221. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400000722" type="journal article" year="1970">Stebbing’s (1970a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
redescription conforms well with Hinck’s (1880) original description. Owing especially to its tiny compact size (even when in sexually reproductive mode) it is a morphologically highly distinctive species and isolated colonies are unlikely to be confused with any other species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |