217 lines
18 KiB
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217 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365" ID-GBIF-Dataset="447d0c45-35c7-4aaa-b3b3-acbf7069da06" ID-PMC="PMC7082394" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-142-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" ID-PubMed="32210671" ModsDocID="1314-2003-142-1" checkinTime="1584104974826" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Klopper, Ronell R., Crouch, Neil R., Smith, Gideon F. & van Wyk, Abraham E." docDate="2020" docId="E85C9979E4FC58B2A6BE4FE851804E0E" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 142: 1-88" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 142" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365" docTitle="Aloe viridiana Gideon F. Sm. & Figueiredo 2018" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" masterDocTitle="A synoptic review of the aloes (Asphodelaceae, Alooideae) of KwaZulu-Natal, an ecologically diverse province in eastern South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668139702755" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A synoptic review of the aloes (Asphodelaceae, Alooideae) of KwaZulu-Natal, an ecologically diverse province in eastern South Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Klopper, Ronell R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crouch, Neil R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, Gideon F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>van Wyk, Abraham E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>142</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>88</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-142-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="162486996" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E85C9979E4FC58B2A6BE4FE851804E0E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E85C9979E4FC58B2A6BE4FE851804E0E" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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E
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<taxonomicName LSID="E85C9979-E4FC-58B2-A6BE-4FE851804E0E" authority="Gideon F. Sm. & Figueiredo" authorityName="Gideon F. Sm. & Figueiredo" authorityYear="2018" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe viridiana" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viridiana">Aloe viridiana Gideon F.Sm. & Figueiredo</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="syn">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Syn.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe greenii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="greenii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe greenii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Baker, nom. illegit.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Green's aloe (English); groenaalwyn (Afrikaans); icena (isiZulu).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Acaulescent plants; rosettes suckering to form large dense groups, erect, 0.15-0.25 m high.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
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densely rosulate, suberect to spreading-recurved, bright green, obscurely lineate, with many confluent oblong white spots forming irregular transverse wavy bands, bands broader and more pronounced on lower surface, broadly linear-lanceolate, gradually attenuate,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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40-50 cm long, 7-8 cm wide; margin with deltoid, pale brown to pink teeth, 3-4 mm long, 8-10 mm apart; exudate clear, drying yellow.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescence</emphasis>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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1.0-1.3 m high, erect, 5- to 7-branched from above middle, lower branches sometimes rebranched.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Racemes</emphasis>
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oblong-cylindrical, 15-25 cm long, rather dense.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Floral bracts</emphasis>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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10 mm long, 2-3 mm wide.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pedicels</emphasis>
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7-10 mm long.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">perianth</emphasis>
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light to dark flesh pink, with powdery bloom, 28-30 mm long,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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7 mm across ovary, abruptly constricted above ovary to form globose basal swelling, widening towards mouth, slightly decurved; outer segments free for 7-10 mm;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">stamens</emphasis>
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exserted 1-2 mm;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">style</emphasis>
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exserted 2-4 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="flowering time">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowering time.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">January-March.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">On stony soil, in low-lying flat sandy areas, often in deep shade or semi-shade in dry thorny woodland.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnostic characters.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gideon F. Sm. & Figueiredo" authorityYear="2018" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe viridiana" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viridiana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe viridiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from other maculate aloes in KwaZulu-Natal (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Reynolds" authorityYear="1937" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe dewetii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dewetii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe dewetii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authority="subsp. maculata" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe maculata subsp. maculata" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="maculata" subSpecies="maculata">Aloe maculata subsp. maculata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Reynolds" authorityYear="1937" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe mudenensis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mudenensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe mudenensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenland" authorityYear="2020" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe parvibracteata" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parvibracteata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe parvibracteata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="I. Verd. & D. S. Hardy" authorityYear="1965" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe prinslooi" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="prinslooi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe prinslooi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Reynolds" authorityYear="1936" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe pruinosa" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pruinosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe pruinosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Reynolds" authorityYear="1937" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe suffulta" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suffulta">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe suffulta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Reynolds" authorityYear="1937" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe umfoloziensis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="umfoloziensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe umfoloziensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gideon F. Sm. & N. R. Crouch" authorityYear="2006" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe vanrooyenii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vanrooyenii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe vanrooyenii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) by the rosettes that sucker profusely to form large groups. It is further characterised by the recurved leaves (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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40-50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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7-8 cm), with spots on both surfaces, but with the markings more pronounced on the lower surface. The 5- to 7-branched inflorescence (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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1.0-1.3 m high), that is without a grey bloom, has oblong-cylindrical (15-25 cm long), rather dense racemes, with pedicels 7-10 mm long. Flowers are light to dark flesh pink, with a powdery bloom, 28-30 mm long and with a globose basal swelling (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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7 mm diameter).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Least Concern (
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<bibRefCitation author="Raimondo, D" journalOrPublisher="South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B37" refString="Raimondo, D, Von Staden, L, Foden, W, Victor, JE, Helme, NA, Turner, RC, Kamundi, DA, Manyama, PA, 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria." title="Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria." year="2009">Raimondo et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Fairly widespread, but uncommon, in eastern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Possibly also in southern Mozambique (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Aloe viridiana. Photo: N. R. Crouch." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/388274" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48</figureCitation>
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). This aloe is not encountered in large numbers where it occurs in the wild.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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This aloe has been known under the name
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe greenii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="greenii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe greenii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Baker. However, this validly published name (
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<bibRefCitation author="Baker, JG" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/14234page/159/mode/1up" refId="B1" refString="Baker, JG, 1880. Aloegreenii. Native probably of the Cape. Nat. Ord. Liliaceae. - Tribe Aloineae. Curtis's Botanical Magazine, ser. 3, 36: tab. 6520. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/14234page/159/mode/1up" title="Aloegreenii. Native probably of the Cape. Nat. Ord. Liliaceae. - Tribe Aloineae. Curtis's Botanical Magazine, ser. 3, 36: tab. 6520." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/14234page/159/mode/1up" year="1880">Baker 1880</bibRefCitation>
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) is a later illegitimate homonym, as the combination was earlier published as
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe greenii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="greenii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe greenii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Green ex Rob. in 1875. The name published by
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<bibRefCitation author="Robinson, W" journalOrPublisher="South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/82631page/93/mode/1up" refId="B39" refString="Robinson, W, 1875. AloeGreenii (Green). Societies and Exhibitions. Royal Horticultural Society. July 21st and 22nd. The Garden (an illustrated weekly journal of gardening in all its branches. London.) VIII: 77-78. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/82631page/93/mode/1up" title="AloeGreenii (Green). Societies and Exhibitions. Royal Horticultural Society. July 21 st and 22 nd. The Garden (an illustrated weekly journal of gardening in all its branches. London.) VIII: 77 - 78." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/82631page/93/mode/1up" year="1875">Robinson (1875)</bibRefCitation>
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cannot, with certainty, be applied to any known maculate aloe owing to the very short descriptive text accompanying the name; however, it was nonetheless validly published.
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n36.2018.a16" author="Smith, GF" journalOrPublisher="Bradleya" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="212 - 217" refId="B43" refString="Smith, GF, Figueiredo, E, 2018. Aloe viridiana Gideon F.Sm. & Figueiredo (Asphodelaceae: Alooideae), a replacement name for the illegitimate Aloe greenii Baker, a maculate aloe endemic to KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, with notes on the nomenclature of this species. Bradleya 36: 212 - 217, DOI: https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n36.2018.a16" title="Aloe viridiana Gideon F. Sm. & Figueiredo (Asphodelaceae: Alooideae), a replacement name for the illegitimate Aloe greenii Baker, a maculate aloe endemic to KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, with notes on the nomenclature of this species." url="https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n36.2018.a16" volume="36" year="2018">Smith and Figueiredo (2018)</bibRefCitation>
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provided the necessary replacement name,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gideon F. Sm. & Figueiredo" authorityYear="2018" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe viridiana" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viridiana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe viridiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, for material of this KwaZulu-Natal aloe, so providing nomenclatural certainty for material thus far known as
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. greenii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="greenii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. greenii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Baker.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/388274" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 48" startId="F48">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 48.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gideon F. Sm. & Figueiredo" authorityYear="2018" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe viridiana" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viridiana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe viridiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Photo: N.R. Crouch.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |