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<document id="D6BD70982806C2B397C01DF17A75BB7D" ID-CLB-Dataset="53645" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.542.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8b5747ec-68d6-4c6a-a1a0-c0c1152b45cc" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6415487" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1649141163832" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Grings, Martin &amp; Boldrini, Ilsi Iob" docDate="2022" docId="8F4F879B0B76164778DDFC3C232DF7A1" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.542.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 542 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.2.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Sida cerradoensis Krapovickas 1969" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="111" masterDocId="7376FFE30B7016417855FFC2275AFFA9" masterDocTitle="Synopsis of Sida (Malvoideae, Malvaceae) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="135" masterPageNumber="105" pageNumber="111" updateTime="1699319296881" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="052C20E0DCD379DE7B8368B96C2B23FB">Synopsis of Sida (Malvoideae, Malvaceae) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="24B281E99FFD77DF3F29C66433E55FB7">Grings, Martin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7D442809155258D07A31FDAF64A950BC">Boldrini, Ilsi Iob</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="8F4F879B0B76164778DDFC3C232DF7A1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415528" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194464323" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6415528" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F4F879B0B76164778DDFC3C232DF7A1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8F4F879B0B76164778DDFC3C232DF7A1" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
<subSubSection id="4FFC65060B76164778DDFC3C24E8FBB1" box="[136,946,1022,1049]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0759368D0B76164778DDFC3C24E8FBB1" blockId="6.[136,1452,1022,2057]" box="[136,946,1022,1049]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
2.
<taxonomicName id="C0E64D0E0B76164778F2FC3C25CBFBB1" ID-CoL="4X7S2" authority="Krapovickas (1969: 11)" authorityName="Krapovickas" authorityPageNumber="11" authorityYear="1969" box="[167,657,1022,1049]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerradoensis">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B76164778F2FC3C262DFBB0" bold="true" box="[167,375,1022,1049]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Sida cerradoensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B76164779D4FC3C25CBFBB1" author="Krapovickas, A." box="[385,657,1022,1048]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref19319" refString="Krapovickas, A. (1969) Notas citotaxonomicas sobre Malvaceas. Bonplandia 3: 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.30972 / bon. 32 - 41441" type="journal article" year="1969">Krapovickas (1969: 11)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="9FDD2A080B7616477AF7FC3C241CFBB1" box="[674,838,1022,1048]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,187,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[190,1398,187,1893]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. A–F. Sida anomala. A. Flower. B. Branch with flowers buds and leaves. C. Schizocarp. D. Branch leaves and stipules. E. Adaxial surface of leaf. F. Abaxial surface of leaf. G–L. Sida cerradoensis. G. Flower. H. Schizocarps and flower. I. Adaxial surface of leaf. J. Abaxial surface of leaf. K. Sulcate petiole. L. Schizocarp. M–Q. Sida confusa. M. Abaxial surface of leaf. N. Adaxial surface of leaf. O. Flower. P. Branch with schizocarp and leaves. Q. Peduncle and immature schizocarp. Photographs by Martin Grings and Marcio Verdi (O)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415489/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Figures 1G–L</figureCitation>
,
<geoCoordinate id="62D2504A0B7616477B00FC3C24FFFBB1" box="[853,933,1022,1048]" degrees="2, 14" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" precision="555" value="2.14">
<figureCitation id="9FDD2A080B7616477B00FC3C243FFBB1" box="[853,869,1022,1048]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[262,1350,253,1898]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[199,1389,190,1947]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Distribution map of Sida anomala, S. cerradoensis, S. confusa, S. cordifolia, S. dubia, S. farroupilhensis and S. lonchitis in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415491/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9FDD2A080B7616477B21FC3C24FFFBB1" box="[884,933,1022,1048]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="26.[136,229,1957,1979]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,245,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-54@26.[196,1391,245,1933]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 14. Mericarps. A. Sida anomala. B. Sida confusa. C. Sida farroupilhensis. D. Sida glaziovii. E. Sida cerradoensis. F. Sida cordifolia. G. Sida dubia. H. Sida linifolia. I. Sida lonchitis. J. Sida nemorensis. K. Sida paradoxa. L. Sida planicaulis. M. Sida potentilloides.N. Sida reitzii. O. Sida regnellii. P. Sida rhombifolia.Q. Sida riedelii. R. Sida rubifolia.S. Sida spinosa.T. Sida tuberculata. U. Sida urens. V. Sida viarum. Photographs by Martin Grings." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415519" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415519/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">14E</figureCitation>
</geoCoordinate>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4FFC65060B7616477BEEFC3D27BDFB00" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0759368D0B7616477BEEFC3D27BDFB00" blockId="6.[136,1452,1022,2057]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
Type:—
<taxonomicName id="C0E64D0E0B7616477C42FC3C25DDFB95" authority="Hassler (1910 a: 38)" authorityName="Hassler" authorityPageNumber="38" authorityYear="1910" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="potentilloides" subSpecies="elata">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477C42FC3C23B1FBB1" box="[1047,1259,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Sida potentilloides</emphasis>
A.
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B7616477D4EFC3C2657FB95" author="Saint-Hilaire, A. de &amp; Jussieu, A. de &amp; Cambessedes, J." pageId="6" pageNumber="111" refId="ref20318" refString="Saint-Hilaire, A. de, Jussieu, A. de &amp; Cambessedes, J. (1825) Flora Brasiliae Meridionalis (quarto ed). A. Belin Bibliopolam, Parisiis, 395 pp." type="book" year="1825">Saint-Hilaire (1825: 178)</bibRefCitation>
subsp.
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477931FBE026C6FB95" box="[356,412,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">elata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B76164779F1FBE025DDFB95" author="Hassler, E." box="[420,647,1058,1084]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" pagination="34 - 47" refId="ref19077" refString="Hassler, E. (1910 a) Ex herbario hassleriano: novitates paraguariensis. IV. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 8: 34 - 47." type="journal article" year="1910">Hassler (1910a: 38)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="D85D882F0B7616477AC6FBE12459FB94" box="[659,771,1059,1085]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
(designated here):—
<collectingCountry id="7FF1761D0B7616477BB9FBE023D3FB94" box="[1004,1161,1058,1085]" name="Paraguay" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">PARAGUAY</collectingCountry>
. Sierra do
<collectingRegion id="C522F86F0B7616477D57FBE0222DFB95" box="[1282,1399,1058,1084]" country="Paraguay" name="Amambay" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Amambay</collectingRegion>
,
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477DD3FBE122CCFB94" box="[1414,1430,1059,1085]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">“</emphasis>
in campis ‘Serrados”, Jul.,
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B76164779F3FB842514FBC9" box="[422,590,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Hassler 10552</emphasis>
(P barcode 02285398! [digital image]; isolectotypes LIL 393646! [digital image], NY barcode 00222039! [digital image], UC barcode 941206! [digital image], MPU barcode 016973! [digital image]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4FFC65060B76164778E8FB70264FF9F1" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0759368D0B76164778E8FB702494FA28" blockId="6.[136,1452,1022,2057]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B76164778E8FB702699FB65" bold="true" box="[189,451,1202,1228]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Nomenclatural notes:</emphasis>
—
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B76164779B5FB702581FB65" author="Brandao, J. L. &amp; Baracho, G. S. &amp; De Sales, M. F. &amp; Filho, M. P. V." box="[480,731,1202,1228]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" pagination="205 - 227" refId="ref18144" refString="Brandao, J. L., Baracho, G. S., De Sales, M. F. &amp; Filho, M. P. V. (2017) Synopsis of Sida (Malvaceae, Malvoideae, Malveae) in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Phytotaxa 307 (3): 205 - 227. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 307.3.5" type="journal article" year="2017">
Brandão
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477A1CFB7125DFFB65" box="[585,645,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">et al.</emphasis>
(2017)
</bibRefCitation>
presented the type of the species as a
<typeStatus id="D85D882F0B7616477CFEFB70224AFB65" box="[1195,1296,1202,1228]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, deposited in herbarium P. However, there are several specimens from the collection
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477BEBFB14233EFB59" box="[958,1124,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
Hassler
<quantity id="C01E9B680B7616477C4BFB14233EFB59" box="[1054,1124,1238,1264]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.680208" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" unit="in" value="10552.0">10552</quantity>
</emphasis>
in other herbaria, and so all specimens are
<typeStatus id="D85D882F0B7616477963FB3926C6FABC" box="[310,412,1275,1301]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
. According to the International Code of Nomenclature of algae, fungi and plants, 2018, from
<date id="7358104D0B7616477893FADD2626FA91" box="[198,380,1310,1337]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" value="2001-01-01">January 1, 2001</date>
, a lectotypification will only be effective when accompanied by the term “
<typeStatus id="D85D882F0B7616477C90FADC2264FA91" box="[1221,1342,1310,1336]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="lectotype">lectotypus</typeStatus>
” or by its abbreviation or its equivalent in a modern language (Art. 9.23,
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B7616477B0EFA802360FAF5" author="Turland, N. J. &amp; Wiersema, J. H. &amp; Barrie, F. R. &amp; Greuter, W. &amp; Hawksworth, D. L. &amp; Herendeen, P. S. &amp; Knapp, S. &amp; Kusber, W. - H. &amp; Li, D. - Z. &amp; Marhold, K. &amp; May, T. W. &amp; McNeill, J. &amp; Monro, A. M. &amp; Prado, J. &amp; Price, M. J. &amp; Smith, G. F." box="[859,1082,1346,1373]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" refId="ref20537" refString="Turland, N. J., Wiersema, J. H., Barrie, F. R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D. L., Herendeen, P. S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W. - H., Li, D. - Z., Marhold, K., May, T. W., McNeill, J., Monro, A. M., Prado, J., Price, M. J. &amp; Smith, G. F. (Eds.) (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashutten, 304 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.12705 / Code. 2018" type="book" year="2018">
Turland
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477BEEFA8124B4FAF5" box="[955,1006,1346,1372]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
), and when including the phrase “designated here” (Art. 7.11). Therefore, a lectotypification was necessary.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0759368D0B76164778E8FA48264FF9F1" blockId="6.[136,1452,1022,2057]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B76164778E8FA4826D4FA0D" bold="true" box="[189,398,1418,1444]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Taxonomic notes:</emphasis>
—The species belongs to Sect.
<taxonomicName id="C0E64D0E0B7616477ABEFA482431FA0D" authorityName="Fryxell" authorityYear="1985" baseAuthorityName="de Candolle" box="[747,875,1418,1444]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Cordifoliae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477ABEFA482431FA0D" box="[747,875,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Cordifoliae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B7616477B2DFA482332FA0D" author="Monteiro-Filho, H. C." box="[888,1128,1418,1444]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" refId="ref19920" refString="Monteiro-Filho, H. C. (1936) Monografia da Malvaceae Brasileiras. Fasc. I. O genero Sida. Revisao das especies brasileiras. 1 ª Parte. Chave das especies sul americanas e novidades brasileiras. Ministerio da Agricultura, Departamento Nacional de Producao Vegetal, Servico de Plantas Texteis, Rio de Janeiro, 56 pp." type="book" year="1936">Monteiro-Filho 1936</bibRefCitation>
, Brandão
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477C8DFA49224DFA0D" box="[1240,1303,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">et. al.</emphasis>
2017) (
<tableCitation id="4A6403360B7616477D39FA4827CFFA61" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,224,340,364]" captionTargetBox="[144,1440,425,1289]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Sections of Sida with species occurring in Rio Grande do Sul state, and their diagnostic features, according to Fryxell (1985) and Krapovickas (2003)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/539966050B72164378DDFE962568FE39" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" tableUuid="539966050B72164378DDFE962568FE39">Table 1</tableCitation>
), and is easily distinguished from related species by the presence of two long aristae in the mericarps, undulate (wavy) leaf margin, apex of the calyx and leaf margins dark-red or violaceous-purplish, calyx with trichomes
<quantity id="C01E9B680B7616477DD4FA1027ECF9B8" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
, and sulcate petioles (
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B76164779E4FA3425D9F9B9" author="Krapovickas, A." box="[433,643,1526,1552]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref19319" refString="Krapovickas, A. (1969) Notas citotaxonomicas sobre Malvaceas. Bonplandia 3: 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.30972 / bon. 32 - 41441" type="journal article" year="1969">Krapovickas 1969</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B7616477AC5FA34242FF9B9" author="Brandao, J. L. &amp; Baracho, G. S. &amp; De Sales, M. F. &amp; Filho, M. P. V." box="[656,885,1526,1552]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" pagination="205 - 227" refId="ref18144" refString="Brandao, J. L., Baracho, G. S., De Sales, M. F. &amp; Filho, M. P. V. (2017) Synopsis of Sida (Malvaceae, Malvoideae, Malveae) in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Phytotaxa 307 (3): 205 - 227. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 307.3.5" type="journal article" year="2017">
Brandão
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477AA2FA35246AF9B9" box="[759,816,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
). Another diagnostic feature of this species are its relatively large, 16
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477931F9D9262DF99D" box="[356,375,1563,1588]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">×</emphasis>
<quantity id="C01E9B680B761647792AF9D8268BF99C" box="[383,465,1562,1589]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
, yellow-orange (sometimes salmon) petals, often with a red adaxial basal spot (
<figureCitation id="9FDD2A080B7616477D03F9D82791F9F1" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,187,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[190,1398,187,1893]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. A–F. Sida anomala. A. Flower. B. Branch with flowers buds and leaves. C. Schizocarp. D. Branch leaves and stipules. E. Adaxial surface of leaf. F. Abaxial surface of leaf. G–L. Sida cerradoensis. G. Flower. H. Schizocarps and flower. I. Adaxial surface of leaf. J. Abaxial surface of leaf. K. Sulcate petiole. L. Schizocarp. M–Q. Sida confusa. M. Abaxial surface of leaf. N. Adaxial surface of leaf. O. Flower. P. Branch with schizocarp and leaves. Q. Peduncle and immature schizocarp. Photographs by Martin Grings and Marcio Verdi (O)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415489/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Figures 1G–L</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9FDD2A080B7616477882F9FC2653F9F1" box="[215,265,1598,1624]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="26.[136,229,1957,1979]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,245,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-54@26.[196,1391,245,1933]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 14. Mericarps. A. Sida anomala. B. Sida confusa. C. Sida farroupilhensis. D. Sida glaziovii. E. Sida cerradoensis. F. Sida cordifolia. G. Sida dubia. H. Sida linifolia. I. Sida lonchitis. J. Sida nemorensis. K. Sida paradoxa. L. Sida planicaulis. M. Sida potentilloides.N. Sida reitzii. O. Sida regnellii. P. Sida rhombifolia.Q. Sida riedelii. R. Sida rubifolia.S. Sida spinosa.T. Sida tuberculata. U. Sida urens. V. Sida viarum. Photographs by Martin Grings." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415519" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415519/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">14E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4FFC65060B76164778E8F9A026ADF8D1" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0759368D0B76164778E8F9A026ADF8D1" blockId="6.[136,1452,1022,2057]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B76164778E8F9A025B4F9D5" bold="true" box="[189,750,1634,1660]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Distribution, habitat and conservation status:</emphasis>
—This species is known from
<collectingCountry id="7FF1761D0B7616477C0EF9A023EAF9D5" box="[1115,1200,1634,1660]" name="Bolivia" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="7FF1761D0B7616477C95F9A12272F9D4" box="[1216,1320,1635,1661]" name="Paraguay" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="7FF1761D0B7616477D32F9A022F1F9D5" box="[1383,1451,1634,1660]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B76164778C5F944266CF909" author="Hassler, E." box="[144,310,1670,1696]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" pagination="34 - 47" refId="ref19077" refString="Hassler, E. (1910 a) Ex herbario hassleriano: novitates paraguariensis. IV. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 8: 34 - 47." type="journal article" year="1910">
Hassler 1910
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B761647797CF944266CF909" author="Krapovickas, A." box="[297,310,1670,1696]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref19319" refString="Krapovickas, A. (1969) Notas citotaxonomicas sobre Malvaceas. Bonplandia 3: 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.30972 / bon. 32 - 41441" type="journal article" year="1969">a</bibRefCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
, Krapovickas 1969,
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B7616477A71F9442452F909" author="Zuloaga, F. O. &amp; Morrone, O. &amp; Belgrano M. J." box="[548,776,1670,1696]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" pagination="1 - 3348" refId="ref20813" refString="Zuloaga, F. O., Morrone, O. &amp; Belgrano M. J. (2008) Catalogo de las plantas vasculares del Cono Sur (Argentina, sur de Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay). Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1 - 3348." type="journal article" year="2008">
Zuloaga
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477ADCF945259EF909" box="[649,708,1670,1696]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B7616477B41F9442359F909" author="Alverson, W. S. &amp; Michel, L. R. C. de &amp; Dorr, L. J. &amp; Fryxell, P. A. &amp; Krapovickas, A. &amp; Meneses, Q. R. I." box="[788,1027,1670,1696]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" pagination="786 - 819" refId="ref17710" refString="Alverson, W. S., Michel, L. R. C. de, Dorr, L. J., Fryxell, P. A., Krapovickas, A. &amp; Meneses, Q. R. I. (2014) Malvaceae. In: Jorgensen, P. M., Nee, M. H. &amp; Beck, S. G. (Eds.) Catalogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia, Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden. Missouri Botanical Garden Press., St. Louis, pp. 786 - 819." type="book chapter" year="2014">
Alverson
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477BD1F94524E5F909" box="[900,959,1670,1696]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B7616477C44F94423FEF909" author="Bovini, M. G." box="[1041,1188,1670,1696]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" refId="ref18092" refString="Bovini, M. G. (2020) Sida in Lista de Especies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http: // floradobrasil. jbrj. gov. br / jabot / floradobrasil / FB 9206 (accessed 7 July 2020)" type="url" year="2020">Bovini 2020</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="7FF1761D0B7616477C8FF944227BF909" box="[1242,1313,1670,1696]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, the species occurs in North, Northeast, Central-West, Southeast and South regions, but not in all states (
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B7616477CD0F968224DF96D" author="Bovini, M. G." box="[1157,1303,1706,1732]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" refId="ref18092" refString="Bovini, M. G. (2020) Sida in Lista de Especies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http: // floradobrasil. jbrj. gov. br / jabot / floradobrasil / FB 9206 (accessed 7 July 2020)" type="url" year="2020">Bovini 2020</bibRefCitation>
). In Southern
<collectingCountry id="7FF1761D0B76164778DDF90C2796F941" box="[136,204,1742,1768]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Brazil</collectingCountry>
occurs in
<collectingRegion id="C522F86F0B7616477910F90C26CEF941" box="[325,404,1742,1768]" country="Brazil" name="Parana" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Paraná</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="C522F86F0B76164779F4F90C251DF941" box="[417,583,1742,1768]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
(first record) and
<collectingRegion id="C522F86F0B7616477B4CF90C24B5F941" box="[793,1007,1742,1768]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
(first record) states, found only in two localities in the latter, in Coastal grassland (
<figureCitation id="9FDD2A080B7616477A25F9302588F8A5" box="[624,722,1778,1804]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[262,1350,253,1898]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[199,1389,190,1947]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Distribution map of Sida anomala, S. cerradoensis, S. confusa, S. cordifolia, S. dubia, S. farroupilhensis and S. lonchitis in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415491/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Figure 2</figureCitation>
), in ruderal environments and anthropized grasslands. According to
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B76164778F3F8D42667F899" author="IUCN &amp; Cambridge, UK" box="[166,317,1814,1840]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" refId="ref19221" refString="IUCN (2017) Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. Version 13. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommitttee. Available from: http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed 3 November 2019)" type="url" year="2017">IUCN (2017)</bibRefCitation>
criteria, the species is here considered Least Concern (LC) with an EOO of 4,253,166.732 Km² and an AOO about 1,200 Km² and because it is a species that also occupies ruderal environments. Furthermore, it does not meet the criterion B(b) and B(c).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4FFC65060B76164778E8F840232DF7A1" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0759368D0B76164778E8F840232DF7A1" blockId="6.[136,1452,1022,2057]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B76164778E8F84026A1F835" bold="true" box="[189,507,1922,1948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Representative specimens:</emphasis>
—
<materialsCitation id="B78E3CD00B7616477A4DF840256BF869" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3746876320" collectingDate="2015-11-21" collectionCode="J" country="Brazil" latitude="-29.856945" location="Lagoa do Peixoto" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-50.234722" municipality="Osorio" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">
<collectingCountry id="7FF1761D0B7616477A4DF84025DAF835" box="[536,640,1922,1948]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="C522F86F0B7616477AD9F840243FF835" box="[652,869,1922,1948]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="E73DACF70B7616477B24F840249AF835" box="[881,960,1922,1948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Osório</collectingMunicipality>
, próximo a
<location id="023960560B7616477C1FF841224FF835" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F4F879B0B76164778DDFC3C232DF7A1:023960560B7616477C1FF841224FF835" box="[1098,1301,1922,1949]" country="Brazil" latitude="-29.856945" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-50.234722" municipality="Osorio" name="Lagoa do Peixoto" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Lagoa do Peixoto</location>
,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="62D2504A0B76164778DDF864264FF868" box="[136,277,1958,1985]" degrees="50" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" precision="15" seconds="05" value="-50.234722">50º14’05”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="7358104D0B7616477972F864254AF868" box="[295,528,1958,1985]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" value="2015-11-21">
<collectingDate id="631CE9A50B7616477972F864254AF868" box="[295,528,1958,1985]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" value="2015-11-21">21 November 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7616477A74F865256BF869" box="[545,561,1959,1984]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477A74F865256BF869" box="[545,561,1959,1984]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">J</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477A64F865256FF869" box="[561,565,1959,1984]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="B78E3CD00B7616477A17F8652595F84D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3746876316" collectingDate="2020-01" collectionCode="HUCS, M" country="Brazil" county="Gaio" latitude="-29.34443" location="Campo Bonito Olhos" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-49.774498" municipality="Torres" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477A17F86525A4F869" box="[578,766,1958,1985]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
<collectingCounty id="EE384E010B7616477A17F8652520F868" box="[578,634,1959,1985]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Gaio</collectingCounty>
et al. 496
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7616477B41F864243FF869" box="[788,869,1958,1984]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">HUCS</collectionCode>
);
<collectingMunicipality id="E73DACF70B7616477B2BF8652492F868" box="[894,968,1959,1985]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Torres</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="023960560B7616477B8FF864238CF869" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F4F879B0B76164778DDFC3C232DF7A1:023960560B7616477B8FF864238CF869" box="[986,1238,1958,1984]" country="Brazil" county="Gaio" latitude="-29.34443" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-49.774498" municipality="Torres" name="Campo Bonito Olhos" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Campo Bonito Olhos</location>
d’água, WGS 84
<geoCoordinate id="62D2504A0B76164778DDF8082675F84C" box="[136,303,1994,2021]" degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" precision="1" seconds="39.95" value="-29.34443">29°20’39.95”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="62D2504A0B7616477963F80826B3F84D" box="[310,489,1994,2020]" degrees="49" direction="west" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" precision="1" seconds="28.19" value="-49.774498">49°46’28.19”W</geoCoordinate>
, 1º
<date id="7358104D0B7616477A44F80925F3F84D" box="[529,681,1994,2021]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" value="2020-01">
<collectingDate id="631CE9A50B7616477A44F80925F3F84D" box="[529,681,1994,2021]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" value="2020-01">January 2020</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7616477AE1F8092595F84D" box="[692,719,1995,2020]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477AE1F8092595F84D" box="[692,719,1995,2020]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">M</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477A9AF8092589F84D" box="[719,723,1995,2020]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="B78E3CD00B7616477A8CF80924EAF84D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3746876334" box="[729,944,1994,2021]" collectionCode="ICN" country="Brazil" location="Grings" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477A8CF8092439F84D" box="[729,867,1994,2021]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
<location id="023960560B7616477A8CF809247DF84C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F4F879B0B76164778DDFC3C232DF7A1:023960560B7616477A8CF809247DF84C" box="[729,807,1995,2021]" country="Brazil" name="Grings" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Grings</location>
2119
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7616477B27F80824F2F84D" box="[882,936,1994,2020]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/xsgz-nxkh" name="Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">ICN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="B78E3CD00B7616477BEFF8082424F7A0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3746876342" collectionCode="L, A" country="Brazil" latitude="-26.959446" location="Centro" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-49.04" municipality="Ascurra" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Catarina">
<collectingRegion id="C522F86F0B7616477BEFF8082338F84D" box="[954,1122,1994,2020]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="E73DACF70B7616477C3FF808239CF84D" box="[1130,1222,1994,2020]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Ascurra</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="023960560B7616477C85F8082245F84D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F4F879B0B76164778DDFC3C232DF7A1:023960560B7616477C85F8082245F84D" box="[1232,1311,1994,2020]" country="Brazil" latitude="-26.959446" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-49.04" municipality="Ascurra" name="Centro" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" stateProvince="Santa Catarina">Centro</location>
, próximo do trevo de acesso para a BR-470, 78 m,
<geoCoordinate id="62D2504A0B7616477A67F82C25EFF7A0" box="[562,693,2030,2057]" degrees="26" direction="south" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" precision="15" seconds="34" value="-26.959446">26º57’34”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="62D2504A0B7616477AEEF82C2412F7A1" box="[699,840,2030,2056]" degrees="49" direction="west" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" precision="15" seconds="24" value="-49.04">49º02’24”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477B06F82D2424F7A0" box="[851,894,2031,2057]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7616477B06F82D243CF7A0" box="[851,870,2031,2057]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7616477B3FF82D2424F7A0" box="[874,894,2031,2057]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477B2BF82D24D8F7A0" box="[894,898,2031,2057]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="B78E3CD00B7616477BDCF82D2329F7A1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3746876476" box="[905,1139,2030,2056]" collectionCode="FURB" country="Brazil" location="Funez" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Catarina">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7616477BDCF82D2357F7A1" box="[905,1037,2030,2056]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
<location id="023960560B7616477BDCF82D2497F7A1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F4F879B0B76164778DDFC3C232DF7A1:023960560B7616477BDCF82D2497F7A1" box="[905,973,2031,2056]" country="Brazil" name="Funez" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" stateProvince="Santa Catarina">Funez</location>
4628
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7616477C49F82C2331F7A1" box="[1052,1131,2030,2056]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15851" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15851" name="Universidade Regional de Blumenau" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="Herbarium">FURB</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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