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<document id="FA1ED0AC4CFBA13FBDB265B318921FFA" ID-CLB-Dataset="45809" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3795.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2bcd6ed0-4654-46e4-b143-b4be68096725" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="231263" ID-ZooBank="2A90C789-0A57-4905-9253-F00DD530E340" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460418548571" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Santarém, Maria Clara Alves, Trindade, Rosimeire Lopes Da, Silva, Tiago Do Nascimento Da, Castellón, Eloy Guillermo, Patiu, Cátia Antunes De Mello &amp; Felippe-Bauer, Maria Luiza" docDate="2014" docId="03CB1921FF8BA0453EB3FA8A9F77FBF4" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03795p274.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3795 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Culicoides reticulatus Lutz" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="259" masterDocId="FFF26159FF89A0413E24FFF89B47FE59" masterDocTitle="New Neotropical Culicoides and redescription of Culicoides reticulatus Lutz (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="255" pageNumber="257" updateTime="1698329361210" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="6F10C3E2EA3F41A02A4DF17E3A0EF85C">New Neotropical Culicoides and redescription of Culicoides reticulatus Lutz (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0934795A63CB6076162AD439F8413963">Santarém, Maria Clara Alves</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DEE0AA5FADCA88A53CF00487B658D527">Trindade, Rosimeire Lopes Da</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9840618F6F3673151A701C30DFC0730C">Silva, Tiago Do Nascimento Da</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="222FFDAFE13B62D9B125760B14332C05">Castellón, Eloy Guillermo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D6140580ABA53A4E15A62CF820BF8FD6">Patiu, Cátia Antunes De Mello</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="96BC4C893E48C93D3F257BCB45D67358">Felippe-Bauer, Maria Luiza</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C378FBBCFF8BA0433EB3FA8A9A2DFBF7" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDDA837FF8BA0433EB3FA8A99D3FBD4" blockId="2.[151,660,1394,1454]" box="[151,660,1394,1421]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">
<heading id="D0951F5BFF8BA0433EB3FA8A99D3FBD4" bold="true" box="[151,660,1394,1421]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C62D3B4FF8BA0433EB3FA8A9AA6FBD4" ID-CoL="8BPBV" authority="Lutz" authorityName="Lutz" box="[151,481,1394,1421]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulatus">
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8BA0433EB3FA8A9ADAFBD5" bold="true" box="[151,413,1394,1420]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">Culicoides reticulatus</emphasis>
Lutz
</taxonomicName>
, redescription
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDA837FF8BA0433EB3FA6D9A2DFBF7" blockId="2.[151,660,1394,1454]" box="[151,362,1429,1454]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">
<figureCitation id="1359B4B2FF8BA0433EB3FA6D9B99FBF7" box="[151,222,1429,1454]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1829,1851]" captionTargetBox="[267,1327,305,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[245,1342,303,1804]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Culicoides reticulatus Lutz. Female: A. Wing; C. Eyes separation, anterior view; D. Antenna; E. Spermathecae; F. Palpus; G. Femora and tibiae of fore-, mid- and hind legs (left to right), lateral view. Male: B. Wing; H. Palpus; I. Terminalia; J. Aedeagus; K. Parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231264/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
AK;
<figureCitation id="1359B4B2FF8BA0433F0CFA6D9A2DFBF7" box="[296,362,1429,1454]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1130,1152]" captionTargetBox="[251,1318,251,1062]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[249,1337,245,1064]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 9. Geographical distribution of Culicoides reticulatus and the seven new related species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231272/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C62D3B4FF8BA0433EB3FA259954FBAA" ID-CoL="8BPBV" authority="Lutz, 1913: 49" authorityName="Lutz" authorityPageNumber="49" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,531,1501,1523]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulatus">
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8BA0433EB3FA259A31FBAB" box="[151,374,1501,1522]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">Culicoides reticulatus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC38E26FF8BA0433F59FA269954FBAA" author="Lutz" box="[381,531,1501,1523]" page="49" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" year="1913">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433F59FA269AA8FBAA" author="Lutz" box="[381,495,1501,1523]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Lutz, A. (1913) Contribuicao para o estudo das Ceratopogoninas hematofagas do Brazil. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 5, 45 - 73. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / s 0074 - 02761913000100005" type="journal article" year="1913">Lutz, 1913</bibRefCitation>
: 49
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(female;
<collectingCountry id="F375E8A7FF8BA0433C53FA2599F2FBAA" box="[631,693,1501,1523]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">Brazil</collectingCountry>
- Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Bahia; fig. wing, male, larva; bionomy, larva in crab holes in mangrove edge; in part material from Bahia);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC38E26FF8BA0433DBDFA049F0EF84B" author="Rieth" box="[921,1097,1532,1554]" page="417" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" year="1915">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433DBDFA049F52F84B" author="Rieth" box="[921,1045,1532,1554]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Rieth, J. T. (1915) Die Metamorphose der Culicoidien (Ceratopogoninen). Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Suppl. 2, 377 - 443." type="book chapter" year="1915">Rieth, 1915</bibRefCitation>
: 417
</treatmentCitation>
(bionomics data, based on
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433B49FA059BBAF869" author="Lutz" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Lutz, A. (1913) Contribuicao para o estudo das Ceratopogoninas hematofagas do Brazil. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 5, 45 - 73. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / s 0074 - 02761913000100005" type="journal article" year="1913">Lutz 1913</bibRefCitation>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC38E26FF8BA0433F36F9E29947F869" author="Costa" box="[274,512,1562,1584]" page="413" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" year="1937">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433F36F9E29A89F869" author="Costa" box="[274,462,1562,1584]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Costa Lima, A. M. (1937) Chave das especies de Culicoides da Regiao Neotropica (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 32, 411 - 422. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / s 0074 - 02761937000300003" type="journal article" year="1937">Costa Lima, 1937</bibRefCitation>
: 413
</treatmentCitation>
(key);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC38E26FF8BA0433C6AF9E2985FF869" author="Barbosa" box="[590,792,1562,1584]" page="261" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" year="1943">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433C6AF9E299A1F869" author="Barbosa" box="[590,742,1562,1584]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Barbosa, F. A. S. (1943) Descricao de Culicoides recifensis n. sp. e do macho de Culicoides reticulatus Lutz. Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 3, 261 - 264." type="journal article" year="1943">Barbosa, 1943</bibRefCitation>
: 261
</treatmentCitation>
(male, female;
<collectingCountry id="F375E8A7FF8BA0433D9AF9E298BBF869" box="[958,1020,1562,1584]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">Brazil</collectingCountry>
- Pernambuco; figs. wing, palpus, male terminalia);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC38E26FF8BA0433F60F9C29AB7F816" author="Vargas" box="[324,496,1593,1615]" page="43" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" year="1945">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433F60F9C29A8BF816" author="Vargas" box="[324,460,1593,1615]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Vargas, L. (1945) Nota sobre ceratopogonidos y Culicoides. Revista del Instituto de salubridad y enfermedades tropicales, 6, 42 - 49." type="journal article" year="1945">Vargas, 1945</bibRefCitation>
: 43
</treatmentCitation>
(in list);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC38E26FF8BA0433C75F9C19846F816" author="Barbosa" box="[593,769,1593,1615]" page="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" year="1947">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433C75F9C199AFF816" author="Barbosa" box="[593,744,1593,1615]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Barbosa, F. A. S. (1947) Culicoides (Diptera: Heleidae) da regiao neotropical. Anais da Sociedade de Biologia de Pernambuco, 7, 3 - 30." type="journal article" year="1947">Barbosa, 1947</bibRefCitation>
: 5
</treatmentCitation>
, 25 (key, distrib.);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC38E26FF8BA0433DE0F9C19F33F816" author="Macfie" box="[964,1140,1593,1615]" page="73" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" year="1948">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433DE0F9C19F17F816" author="Macfie" box="[964,1104,1593,1615]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Macfie, J. W. S. (1948) Some species of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the State of Chiapas, Mexico. Annals of tropical medicine and parasitology, 48, 67 - 87." type="journal article" year="1948">Macfie, 1948</bibRefCitation>
: 73
</treatmentCitation>
(key);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC38E26FF8BA0433A9BF9C29E3FF816" author="Vargas" box="[1215,1400,1593,1615]" page="205" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" year="1949">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433A9BF9C29E00F816" author="Vargas" box="[1215,1351,1593,1615]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Vargas, L. (1949) Lista de los Culicoides del mundo (Diptera: Heleidae). Revista de la Sociedad Mexicana de Historia Natural, 10, 191 - 218." type="journal article" year="1949">Vargas, 1949</bibRefCitation>
: 205
</treatmentCitation>
(in list);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC38E26FF8BA0433ED9F9A09AEFF837" author="Ortiz" box="[253,424,1624,1646]" page="464" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" year="1950">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433ED9F9A09A31F837" author="Ortiz" box="[253,374,1624,1646]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Ortiz, I. (1950) Informes sobre una nueva especie y lista de los machos cuyas genitalias son conocidas. Revista de sanidad y asistencia social, 15, 461 - 465." type="journal article" year="1950">Ortiz, 1950</bibRefCitation>
: 464
</treatmentCitation>
(distrib.);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC38E26FF8BA0433C33F9A0998CF837" author="Iriarte" box="[535,715,1624,1646]" page="398" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" year="1950">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433C33F9A099DDF837" author="Iriarte" box="[535,666,1624,1646]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Iriarte, D. R. (1950) Contribucion al estudio de las ceratopogoninas hematofagas senaladas en Venezuela. Boletin del laboratorio de la Clinica Luis Razetti, 15, 344 - 413." type="journal article" year="1950">Iriarte, 1950</bibRefCitation>
: 398
</treatmentCitation>
(in list);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC38E26FF8BA0433D0BF9A1988AF837" author="Fox" box="[815,973,1624,1646]" page="254" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" year="1955">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433D0BF9A198DCF837" author="Fox" box="[815,923,1624,1646]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Fox, I. (1955) A catalogue of the bloodsucking midges of the Americas (Culicoides, Leptoconops and Lasiohelea) with keys to the subgenera and neartic species, a geographic index, and bibliography. The journal of agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico, 39, 214 - 285." type="journal article" year="1955">Fox, 1955</bibRefCitation>
: 254
</treatmentCitation>
(in list);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC38E26FF8BA0433A14F9A09FBAF837" author="Forattini" box="[1072,1277,1624,1646]" page="432" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" year="1957">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433A14F9A09F8BF837" author="Forattini" box="[1072,1228,1624,1646]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Forattini, O. P. (1957) Culicoides da Regiao Neotropical (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Arquivos de Higiene e Saude Publica da Universidade de Sao Paulo, 11, 161 - 524." type="journal article" year="1957">Forattini, 1957</bibRefCitation>
: 432
</treatmentCitation>
(in neotropical catalog; figs.; in part specimens from Bahia and Pernambuco);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC38E26FF8BA0433D70F98E9F2EF8D5" author="Spinelli" box="[852,1129,1654,1676]" page="56" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" year="1986">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433D70F98E9F02F8D5" author="Spinelli" box="[852,1093,1654,1676]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Spinelli, G. R. &amp; Wirth, W. W. (1986) Clave para la identificacion de las especies del genero Culicoides Latreille presentes al sur de la cuenca amazonica. Nuevas citas y notas sinonimicas (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 44, 49 - 73." type="journal article" year="1986">Spinelli &amp; Wirth, 1986</bibRefCitation>
: 56
</treatmentCitation>
(key, fig. wing);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC38E26FF8BA0433B3BF98E9A65F8F2" author="Wirth" page="42" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" year="1988">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433B3BF98E9BBAF8F2" author="Wirth" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Wirth, W. W., Dyce, A. L. &amp; Spinelli, G. R. (1988) An atlas of wing photographs, with a summary of the numerical characters of the neotropical species of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 25, 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1988">
Wirth
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8BA0433B45F98F9ED7F8D5" box="[1377,1424,1655,1676]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">et al</emphasis>
., 1988
</bibRefCitation>
: 42
</treatmentCitation>
(in Atlas; fig. wing; distrib.; in part material from
<collectingCountry id="F375E8A7FF8BA0433D19F96D983AF8F2" box="[829,893,1685,1707]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, not Pará);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC38E26FF8BA0433DDDF96D9E52F8F2" author="Borkent" box="[1017,1301,1685,1707]" page="80" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433DDDF96D9FA8F8F2" author="Borkent" box="[1017,1263,1685,1707]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Borkent, A. &amp; Wirth, W. W. (1997) World Species of Biting Midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 233, 1 - 257." type="journal article" year="1997">Borkent &amp; Wirth, 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 80
</treatmentCitation>
(in catalog);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC38E26FF8BA0433EE3F94C9AABF893" author="Borkent" box="[199,492,1716,1738]" page="41" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433EE3F94C9A8DF893" author="Borkent" box="[199,458,1716,1738]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Borkent, A. &amp; Spinelli, G. R. (2000) Catalog of New World Biting Midges South of the United States (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Contributions on Entomology Internacional, 4, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="2000">Borkent &amp; Spinelli, 2000</bibRefCitation>
: 41
</treatmentCitation>
(in catalog; distrib.; in part material from Bahia and Pernambuco);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC38E26FF8BA0433AB2F94C9BA7F8B1" author="Borkent" page="74" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433AB2F94C9EDFF893" author="Borkent" box="[1174,1432,1716,1738]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Borkent, A. &amp; Spinelli, G. R. (2007) Neotropical Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Insecta). In: Adis, J., Arias, J. R., Rueda-Delgado, G. &amp; Wantzen, K. M. (Eds.), Aquatic Biodiversity in Latin America (ABLA). Pensoft, Sofia-Moscow, pp. 1 - 198" type="book chapter" year="2007">Borkent &amp; Spinelli, 2007</bibRefCitation>
: 74
</treatmentCitation>
(in catalog; distrib. in part material from Bahia and Pernambuco);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC38E26FF8BA0433DA2F92A9F7AF8B1" author="Borkent" box="[902,1085,1746,1768]" page="99" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8BA0433DA2F92A9F5CF8B1" author="Borkent" box="[902,1051,1746,1768]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" refString="Borkent, A. (2014) World Species of Biting Midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Accessed in February 2014. Available from: http: / / www. inhs. illinois. edu / research / FLYTREE / CeratopogonidaeCatalog. pdf (accessed 8 April 2014)" type="journal article" year="2014">Borkent, 2014</bibRefCitation>
: 99
</treatmentCitation>
(in catalog).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C378FBBCFF8BA0433EB3F8ED9996F9C3" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDDA837FF8BA0433EB3F8ED9996F9C3" blockId="2.[151,1437,1813,2018]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8BA0433EB3F8ED9A56F977" bold="true" box="[151,273,1813,1838]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Female: This species is distinguished by the following combination of characters: large sized species; eyes separated by diameter of ½ ommatidium; palpus with shallow, rounded sensory pit in middle portion; PR 2.63.0 (n=6); proboscis long. Male: parameres stem, slightly sinuous in median portion, without ventral lobe; basal arch of aedeagus extending ½ of total length.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C378FBBCFF8BA0453EE3F85D9893FA78" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="259" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDDA837FF8BA0423EE3F85D9AE7FEA1" blockId="2.[151,1437,1813,2018]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="258" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8BA0433EE3F85D9A62F9E7" bold="true" box="[199,293,1957,1982]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">Female.</emphasis>
Head. Brown. Eyes bare (
<figureCitation id="1359B4B2FF8BA0433C79F85D99DFF9E7" box="[605,664,1957,1982]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1829,1851]" captionTargetBox="[267,1327,305,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[245,1342,303,1804]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Culicoides reticulatus Lutz. Female: A. Wing; C. Eyes separation, anterior view; D. Antenna; E. Spermathecae; F. Palpus; G. Femora and tibiae of fore-, mid- and hind legs (left to right), lateral view. Male: B. Wing; H. Palpus; I. Terminalia; J. Aedeagus; K. Parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231264/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">Fig.1</figureCitation>
C), separated by a distance equal to a diameter of ½ ommatidium. Pedicel brown, flagellum (
<figureCitation id="1359B4B2FF8BA0433FEAF8319940F9BB" box="[462,519,1993,2018]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1829,1851]" captionTargetBox="[267,1327,305,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[245,1342,303,1804]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Culicoides reticulatus Lutz. Female: A. Wing; C. Eyes separation, anterior view; D. Antenna; E. Spermathecae; F. Palpus; G. Femora and tibiae of fore-, mid- and hind legs (left to right), lateral view. Male: B. Wing; H. Palpus; I. Terminalia; J. Aedeagus; K. Parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231264/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">Fig.1</figureCitation>
D) pale brown; AR 1.01.4 (1.02, n=5); sensilla coeloconica on flagellomeres 1,68. Palpus (
<figureCitation id="1359B4B2FF8AA0423F67FF6F9A3BFEE9" box="[323,380,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1829,1851]" captionTargetBox="[267,1327,305,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[245,1342,303,1804]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Culicoides reticulatus Lutz. Female: A. Wing; C. Eyes separation, anterior view; D. Antenna; E. Spermathecae; F. Palpus; G. Femora and tibiae of fore-, mid- and hind legs (left to right), lateral view. Male: B. Wing; H. Palpus; I. Terminalia; J. Aedeagus; K. Parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231264/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Fig.1</figureCitation>
F) brown; 3rd segment fusiform, slightly swollen in middle length, with a shallow, rounded sensory pit in middle portion; PR 2.63.0 (2.8, n=6). Proboscis long; P/H ratio 1.141.17 (1.16, n=4); mandible with 2325 (n=4) teeth.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1DF8BFFF8AA0423EB3F8DD9ADFF920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231264/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" targetBox="[267,1327,305,1792]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BDDA837FF8AA0423EB3F8DD9ADFF920" blockId="3.[151,1436,1829,1913]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8AA0423EB3F8DD9A54F963" bold="true" box="[151,275,1829,1851]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C62D3B4FF8AA0423F3DF8DD9975F962" authority="Lutz." authorityName="Lutz." box="[281,562,1829,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulatus">
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8AA0423F3DF8DD9AB0F963" box="[281,503,1829,1850]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Culicoides reticulatus</emphasis>
Lutz.
</taxonomicName>
Female: A. Wing; C. Eyes separation, anterior view; D. Antenna; E. Spermathecae; F. Palpus; G. Femora and tibiae of fore-, mid- and hind legs (left to right), lateral view. Male: B. Wing; H. Palpus; I. Terminalia; J. Aedeagus; K. Parameres.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDDA837FF8DA0453EE3FF6F9E53FC14" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1453]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
Thorax. Dark brown. Scutum without distinct pattern in slide mounted specimens. Wing (
<figureCitation id="1359B4B2FF8DA0453B20FF6F9E7AFEE9" box="[1284,1341,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1829,1851]" captionTargetBox="[267,1327,305,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[245,1342,303,1804]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Culicoides reticulatus Lutz. Female: A. Wing; C. Eyes separation, anterior view; D. Antenna; E. Spermathecae; F. Palpus; G. Femora and tibiae of fore-, mid- and hind legs (left to right), lateral view. Male: B. Wing; H. Palpus; I. Terminalia; J. Aedeagus; K. Parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231264/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Fig.1</figureCitation>
A) with contrasting pattern: second radial cell including dark spot; pale spot over R-M extending from M1 to costal margin, subdivided; r3 with four small and separated pale spots: first, rounded, between the second radial cell and M1; second, poststigmatic extending behind second radial cell, abutting wing margin; third, in the middle of cell, rounded, smaller than second one; fourth, distal pale spot slightly reaching wing margin; m1 with two pale spots, the distal one far from wing margin and greater than the proximal one; m2 with four pale spots: one proximal, near CuA, two between the medial and mediocubital forks and a distal one not reaching the wing margin; cua1 with a rounded pale spot in the middle of cell; anal cell with a faint basal pale area and one distal pale spot near mediocubital fork; wing base with a faint pale spot on M; M1, M2 and CuA1 with pale apices; macrotrichia scarcely distributed on distal half of wing; wing length 1.30 (n=4) mm; breadth 0.570.59 (0.55, n=4) mm; CR 0.64 (n=4). Halter knob brown, stem pale. Legs (
<figureCitation id="1359B4B2FF8DA0453C10FDE89929FC70" box="[564,622,528,553]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1829,1851]" captionTargetBox="[267,1327,305,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[245,1342,303,1804]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Culicoides reticulatus Lutz. Female: A. Wing; C. Eyes separation, anterior view; D. Antenna; E. Spermathecae; F. Palpus; G. Femora and tibiae of fore-, mid- and hind legs (left to right), lateral view. Male: B. Wing; H. Palpus; I. Terminalia; J. Aedeagus; K. Parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231264/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Fig.1</figureCitation>
G) mostly brown; femora with subapical pale bands, tibiae with subbasal pale bands; hind tibia pale apically; hind tibial comb with four spines, the one nearest the spur longest.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDA837FF8DA0453EE3FDA098B6FCCD" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1453]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
Abdomen. Brown. Two subequal ovoid spermathecae (
<figureCitation id="1359B4B2FF8DA0453D1CFDA0983EFC28" box="[824,889,600,625]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1829,1851]" captionTargetBox="[267,1327,305,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[245,1342,303,1804]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Culicoides reticulatus Lutz. Female: A. Wing; C. Eyes separation, anterior view; D. Antenna; E. Spermathecae; F. Palpus; G. Femora and tibiae of fore-, mid- and hind legs (left to right), lateral view. Male: B. Wing; H. Palpus; I. Terminalia; J. Aedeagus; K. Parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231264/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
E), measuring 46.4 µm (n=5) by 32.8 µm (n=4) and 43.5 µm (n=4) by 31 µm (n=2). Rudimentary third spermatheca present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDA837FF8DA0453EE3FD589A82FD81" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1453]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8DA0453EE3FD589A4CFCE0" bold="true" box="[199,267,672,697]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Male.</emphasis>
Similar to female with usual sexual differences. AR 0.93 (n=1). Palpus (
<figureCitation id="1359B4B2FF8DA0453A12FD589F28FCE0" box="[1078,1135,672,697]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1829,1851]" captionTargetBox="[267,1327,305,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[245,1342,303,1804]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Culicoides reticulatus Lutz. Female: A. Wing; C. Eyes separation, anterior view; D. Antenna; E. Spermathecae; F. Palpus; G. Femora and tibiae of fore-, mid- and hind legs (left to right), lateral view. Male: B. Wing; H. Palpus; I. Terminalia; J. Aedeagus; K. Parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231264/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Fig.1</figureCitation>
H) with 3rd segment short, two round sensory pits; PR1.6 (n=1). Wing length 1.03 (n=1) mm, breadth 0.43 (n=1) mm, CR 0.63 (n=1), pattern of pale spots as in figure 1B. Terminalia (
<figureCitation id="1359B4B2FF8DA0453C5EFD1099F1FD58" box="[634,694,744,769]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1829,1851]" captionTargetBox="[267,1327,305,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[245,1342,303,1804]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Culicoides reticulatus Lutz. Female: A. Wing; C. Eyes separation, anterior view; D. Antenna; E. Spermathecae; F. Palpus; G. Femora and tibiae of fore-, mid- and hind legs (left to right), lateral view. Male: B. Wing; H. Palpus; I. Terminalia; J. Aedeagus; K. Parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231264/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
Fig.
<date id="FFDC8EF7FF8DA0453C88FD1099F1FD58" box="[684,694,744,769]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">1</date>
</figureCitation>
I): tergite 9 not observable in slide mounted specimen; sternite 9 straight on distal margin; gonocoxite
<date id="FFDC8EF7FF8DA0453C62FCF59926FD7C" box="[582,609,781,805]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">2x</date>
longer than greatest breadth, ventral and dorsal root slender, elongated; gonostylus tapering distally, distal portion slightly curved. Parameres (
<figureCitation id="1359B4B2FF8DA0453D98FCC898B2FD10" box="[956,1013,816,841]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1829,1851]" captionTargetBox="[267,1327,305,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[245,1342,303,1804]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Culicoides reticulatus Lutz. Female: A. Wing; C. Eyes separation, anterior view; D. Antenna; E. Spermathecae; F. Palpus; G. Femora and tibiae of fore-, mid- and hind legs (left to right), lateral view. Male: B. Wing; H. Palpus; I. Terminalia; J. Aedeagus; K. Parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231264/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Fig.1</figureCitation>
K) separated, each with a sclerotized basal knob; stem long, curved near base and slightly sinuous in median portion, without ventral lobe; apical portion tapered, abruptly bent, without lateral fringe of spicules. Aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="1359B4B2FF8DA0453DEBFC809F4EFDC8" box="[975,1033,888,913]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1829,1851]" captionTargetBox="[267,1327,305,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[245,1342,303,1804]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Culicoides reticulatus Lutz. Female: A. Wing; C. Eyes separation, anterior view; D. Antenna; E. Spermathecae; F. Palpus; G. Femora and tibiae of fore-, mid- and hind legs (left to right), lateral view. Male: B. Wing; H. Palpus; I. Terminalia; J. Aedeagus; K. Parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231264/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Fig.1</figureCitation>
J) Y-shaped, lateral arms strongly sclerotized, basal arch triangular extending ½ of total length; distal portion slender, tapering to blunt tip without median or distal processes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDA837FF8DA0453EE3FC1C9893FA78" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1453]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8DA0453EE3FC1C9A81FDA4" bold="true" box="[199,454,996,1021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54D91695FF8DA0453FE9FC1D9942FDA4" box="[461,517,997,1021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Type</typeStatus>
series,
<specimenCount id="9D6463BEFF8DA0453C7DFC1D99E0FDA4" box="[601,679,996,1021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D6463BEFF8DA0453C97FC1D9858FDA4" box="[691,799,996,1021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" type="female">7 females</specimenCount>
on one microscope slide, labeled &quot;
<taxonomicName id="4C62D3B4FF8DA0453A82FC1D9A54FA78" authority="Lutz, 1913" authorityName="Lutz" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulatus">
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8DA0453A82FC1D9EDBFDA4" box="[1190,1436,997,1021]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Culicoides reticulatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8DA0453EB3FBF19A54FA78" author="Lutz" box="[151,275,1033,1057]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" refString="Lutz, A. (1913) Contribuicao para o estudo das Ceratopogoninas hematofagas do Brazil. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 5, 45 - 73. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / s 0074 - 02761913000100005" type="journal article" year="1913">Lutz, 1913</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Bahia, A. Lutz prep.&quot; (CCER n.2983- Costa Lima collection).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C378FBBCFF8DA0453EE3FBD499CAFAD5" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDDA837FF8DA0453EE3FBD499CAFAD5" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1453]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8DA0453EE3FBD49963FA1C" bold="true" box="[199,548,1068,1093]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Distribution and bionomics.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C62D3B4FF8DA0453C17FBD59877FA1C" box="[563,816,1069,1093]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulatus">
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8DA0453C17FBD59877FA1C" box="[563,816,1069,1093]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Culicoides reticulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is now restricted to Brazilian states of Bahia and Pernambuco (
<figureCitation id="1359B4B2FF8DA0453F17FBA89A3EFA30" box="[307,377,1104,1129]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1130,1152]" captionTargetBox="[251,1318,251,1062]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[249,1337,245,1064]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 9. Geographical distribution of Culicoides reticulatus and the seven new related species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231272/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). It is associated to mangrove areas from these states and cited by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8DA0453A55FBA99FB0FA30" author="Lutz" box="[1137,1271,1105,1129]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" refString="Lutz, A. (1913) Contribuicao para o estudo das Ceratopogoninas hematofagas do Brazil. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 5, 45 - 73. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / s 0074 - 02761913000100005" type="journal article" year="1913">Lutz (1913)</bibRefCitation>
biting human, horses and cow in the vicinity of these areas.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C378FBBCFF8DA0453EE3FB609F77FBF4" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDDA837FF8DA0453EE3FB6099C1FAA0" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1453]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8DA0453EE3FB609A02FAE8" bold="true" box="[199,325,1176,1201]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Discussion</emphasis>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8DA0453F77FB60997CFAE8" box="[339,571,1176,1201]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" refString="Forattini, O. P., Rabello, E. X. &amp; Patolli, D. (1960) Sobre as formas imaturas de Culicoides reticulatus Lutz e de Stilobezzia panamensis Lane e Forattini (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 9, 1 - 4." type="journal article">
Forattini
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8DA0453F9DFB619AAEFAE8" box="[441,489,1177,1201]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">et al</emphasis>
(1960)
</bibRefCitation>
captured larva and pupa of
<taxonomicName id="4C62D3B4FF8DA0453D56FB6198ADFAE8" box="[882,1002,1177,1201]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8DA0453D56FB6198ADFAE8" box="[882,1002,1177,1201]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Culicoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in mangrove areas and described them as
<taxonomicName id="4C62D3B4FF8DA0453E98FB459A1DFA8C" box="[188,346,1213,1237]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulatus">
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8DA0453E98FB459A1DFA8C" box="[188,346,1213,1237]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">C. reticulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
without correlation with adult stage. Due to incertitude if this description is related to
<taxonomicName id="4C62D3B4FF8DA0453BA6FB459A0DFAA1" authority="Lutz" authorityName="Lutz" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulatus">
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8DA0453BA6FB459A49FAA0" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">C. reticulatus</emphasis>
Lutz
</taxonomicName>
, we don't consider it herein.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDDA837FF8DA0453EE3FAFD9F77FBF4" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1453]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
In this study, all material identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C62D3B4FF8DA0453C5AFAFD985FFB44" box="[638,792,1285,1309]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulatus">
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8DA0453C5AFAFD985FFB44" box="[638,792,1285,1309]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">C. reticulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Amazon region (Amazonas, Pará and Roraima States) present important differences from
<taxonomicName id="4C62D3B4FF8DA0453C51FAD19801FB19" authority="Lutz" authorityName="Lutz" box="[629,838,1321,1345]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulatus">
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8DA0453C51FAD1984BFB18" box="[629,780,1321,1345]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">C. reticulatus</emphasis>
Lutz
</taxonomicName>
and, constitutes five new species as described below. Then, we think that the bionomic data cited by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8DA0453C94FAB59897FB3C" author="Veras" box="[688,976,1356,1381]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" refString="Veras &amp; Castellon (1998) Diversity and seasonality of species of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in the Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve, Brazilian Amazon. Neotropica, 44, 81 - 86." type="journal article" year="1998">Veras &amp; Castellón (1998)</bibRefCitation>
for
<taxonomicName id="4C62D3B4FF8DA0453A25FAB59FDEFB3C" box="[1025,1177,1357,1381]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulatus">
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8DA0453A25FAB59F53FB3D" box="[1025,1044,1357,1380]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8DA0453A06FAB59FDEFB3C" box="[1058,1177,1357,1381]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">reticulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Amazonas State, as well as the records published by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8DA0453C05FA889869FBD0" author="Wirth" box="[545,814,1392,1417]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" refString="Wirth, W. W. &amp; Blanton, F. S. (1973) A review of the maruins or biting midges of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in the Amazon Basin. Amazoniana, 4, 405 - 470." type="journal article" year="1973">Wirth &amp; Blanton (1973)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFF3D5C6FF8DA0453D47FA889F12FBD0" box="[867,1109,1392,1417]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" refString="Castellon, E. G., Ferreira, R. L. M. &amp; Silva, M. N. T. (1993) Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in the Brazilian Amazon. IV. Species collected with CDC light trap in the Ducke Forest Reserve (DFR), Amazon State, Brazil. Acta Amazonica, 23, 309 - 310." type="journal article">
Castellón
<emphasis id="B9167425FF8DA0453DF0FA899F43FBD0" box="[980,1028,1393,1417]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">et al</emphasis>
(1993)
</bibRefCitation>
for this species in Amazonas and Para states, cannot be considered due to the misidentification of these species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>