258 lines
30 KiB
XML
258 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="37460DE9DA2E26919B011A0A79A7ACAE" ID-DOI="10.1206/3961.1" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5370399" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630268866948" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Sinclair, Bradley J. & Grimaldi, David A." docDate="2020" docId="03B94C5BFFED3C6567C53468FD2E7200" docLanguage="en" docName="N3961.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 2020 (3961)" docSource="https://bioone.org/journals/american-museum-novitates/volume-2020/issue-3961/3961.1/Cretaceous-Diversity-of-the-Relict-Genus-Alavesia-Waters-and-Arillo/10.1206/3961.1.full" docStyle="DocumentStyle:26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4.6:AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleId="26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Alavesia zigrasi Sinclair & Grimaldi 2020, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="FF803423FFCC3C46662D3721FC617321" masterDocTitle="Cretaceous diversity of the relict genus Alavesia Waters and Arillo (Diptera: Empidoidea: Atelestidae)" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1699205599378" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="AC0CF7F6E3C7564D5318B2BB7A4F234D">
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<mods:title id="F63CC74A8F98F7AD1C213FFAD597E708">Cretaceous diversity of the relict genus Alavesia Waters and Arillo (Diptera: Empidoidea: Atelestidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="6AEB89FE2FDCB80F702DCBE1754DF6BE" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E6B7181BFDA80427B3084E0F55B0FD58">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="80348ABEAD6C0B63EF17ACB9E5F2098E">Sinclair, Bradley J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="43107B56EBCD68669BC9AF2950F370F1" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1BFD98BB022B9DF1FB8D2F08522AD3E6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="81C075C9C559A9787729D167E2044C87">Grimaldi, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B09E0FEA26EE5C388674AFCECFA96180">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="8CAA9A6B3E7607FE82B12940309CFADB">American Museum Novitates</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="96B9E33620934E10F363C4C1240340A5">
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<mods:date id="AF1274479D534F22A9023099B54B053D">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C54D63FEF7A51EB257319CC818D28C94" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="FCF796AB62B35B64DF59D35A8BF89803">2020-10-06</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="C4BB09AC8A03B4215FF800872A43387E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B05D92CE4DCCDA86BDBCF3659338FD6C">2020</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="DDCA70A1174BDBC1783C0D01F74EC729" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="BAA82CBE182136FF3D773BF6C5AA86AF">3961</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="4030862DEB4142BD881EBFD4296BA6D3">1</mods:start>
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<mods:location id="606DDC44073F568AC861D6D4C783A866">
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<mods:url id="D1BE2A5BCB5A019861217B0975DF4287">https://bioone.org/journals/american-museum-novitates/volume-2020/issue-3961/3961.1/Cretaceous-Diversity-of-the-Relict-Genus-Alavesia-Waters-and-Arillo/10.1206/3961.1.full</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="97ACA17A2ED4571519B39395903E7F13">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FE6B8A8C2ED52D666916390C48A1A74C" type="DOI">10.1206/3961.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4764FC71AE4250A4F3CC6A8451807629" type="ISSN">0003-0082</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B94C5BFFED3C6567C53468FD2E7200" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B94C5BFFED3C6567C53468FD2E7200" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B94C5BFFED3C6567C53468FD2E7200" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<subSubSection id="C30AAEC6FFED3C6767C53468FF217042" box="[488,832,841,868]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFED3C6767C53468FF217042" blockId="33.[488,832,841,868]" box="[488,832,841,868]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<heading id="D0E74A21FFED3C6767C53468FF217042" box="[488,832,841,868]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B964215FFFED3C6767C53468FECC7042" bold="true" box="[488,685,841,868]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1086CEFFED3C6767C53468FEC77042" ID-CoL="89WYQ" authority="Sinclair & Grimaldi, 2020" authorityName="Sinclair & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2020" box="[488,678,841,868]" class="Insecta" family="Atelestidae" genus="Alavesia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zigrasi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B964215FFFED3C6767C53468FEC77042" bold="true" box="[488,678,841,868]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Alavesia zigrasi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2579C24FFED3C676498346BFF217042" box="[693,832,841,868]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30AAEC6FFED3C67679E34A0FF1470BA" box="[435,885,897,924]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFED3C67679E34A0FF1470BA" blockId="33.[435,885,897,924]" box="[435,885,897,924]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<heading id="D0E74A21FFED3C67679E34A0FF1470BA" box="[435,885,897,924]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="7">
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<figureCitation id="132BE1C8FFED3C67679E34A0FE5A70BA" box="[435,571,897,923]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="6.[108,197,1285,1306]" captionTargetBox="[200,1125,232,1256]" captionTargetId="figure-108@6.[108,1212,224,1262]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE. 1. Antennae of Burmese amber Alavesia species, lateral views. All are males except N, O, P. Some antennae were reversed in direction for optimal comparison; longicornuta and longistylata are slightly reconstructed to account for curvature of the stylus. All are to the same scale. Specimen numbers: A. USNM PAL 726867. B. AMNH Bu-494. C. AMNH Bu-496. D. USNM PAL 726868. E. AMNH Bu-KL2-7. F. AMNH Bu-1476. G. JZC Bu-556 (AMNH). H. USNM PAL 726872. K. USNM PAL 726869. L. AMNH Bu-KL7-18. M. JZC Bu-282. N. Undetermined species. O. A. zigrasi. P. A. zigrasi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5370401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5370401/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figures 1M</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132BE1C8FFED3C67646534A0FEED70BA" box="[584,652,897,923]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[108,194,1276,1297]" captionTargetBox="[116,1200,232,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-39@9.[108,1212,224,1244]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Wings of Alavesia spp. in Burmese amber. A. A. spinosa, AMNH Bu-KL7-18. B–D. A. zigrasi, showing some differences in venation among three specimens: B. male; C. male; D. female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5370407" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5370407/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">4B–C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132BE1C8FFED3C6764B434A3FEDC70BD" box="[665,701,898,924]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[108,194,1180,1201]" captionTargetBox="[125,1209,228,1145]" captionTargetId="figure-74@12.[108,1212,224,1152]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male terminalia of three species of Alavesia in Burmese amber, shown in various views, to the same scale. A. A. pankowskiorum, AMNH Bu-KL7-19, lateral view. B. A. pankowskiorum, USNM PAL 726869, anterolateral view. C. A. spinosa, AMNH KL7-18, ventrolateral view, with detail of surstylus tip showing clavate setula. D. A. zigrasi, JZC Bu-281. For abbreviations see figure 6." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5370413" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5370413/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">7D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132BE1C8FFED3C6764E734A0FF6F70BA" box="[714,782,897,923]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="18.[108,194,1562,1583]" captionTargetBox="[108,1212,224,1541]" captionTargetId="figure-78@18.[108,1212,224,1544]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Mouthparts of Burmese amber Alavesia. A. A. zigrasi head, lateral view, AMNH Bu-KL9-21. B. A. zigrasi (same specimen as A), mouthparts, showing labellum with pseudotracheae, labrum, hypopharynx. C. A. longicornuta, holotype, JZC Bu-556, showing setose palps. D. A. longicornuta, paratype, USNM PAL 726871, showing setose palps. E. A. longistylata, USNM PAL 726872, showing slender, setose palps." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5370417" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5370417/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">9A–B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132BE1C8FFED3C67653734A0FF2D70BA" box="[794,844,897,923]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="19.[108,194,960,981]" captionTargetBox="[108,1212,224,936]" captionTargetId="figure-53@19.[108,1212,224,938]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 10. Features of Alavesia spp. A. A. magna, holotype, AMNH Bu-KL2-7, wing base. B. A. pankowskiorum male terminalia, right ventrolateral view, USNM PAL 726869. C. Female terminalia, Alavesia sp., lateral view, JZC Bu-1729. D. A. zigrasi female terminalia, lateral view, AMNH Bu–KL9–21." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5370419" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5370419/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">10D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132BE1C8FFED3C67657434A0FF1470BA" box="[857,885,897,923]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="30.[108,194,1698,1719]" captionTargetBox="[121,1140,224,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-45@30.[108,1154,224,1678]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 16. Alavesia zigrasi in Burmese amber. A. Holotype, JZC Bu-281. B. Male paratype, JZC Bu-282. C. Female paratype, AMNH Bu-KL9-21. D. Female paratype, JZC-165a. E. Female paratype, JZC Bu-165b." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5370429" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5370429/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">16</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30AAEC6FFED3C67668E3498F8FB70D8" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFED3C67668E3498F8FB70D8" blockId="33.[108,1214,953,1768]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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DIAGNOSIS: Large species (fig. 16), wing
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<quantity id="4CE850A8FFED3C6764573498FEB770F5" box="[634,726,953,980]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
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; M
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<subScript id="1794FF08FFED3C6764D634E6FF7870F9" attach="left" box="[763,793,967,984]" fontSize="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">1+2</subScript>
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and R
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<subScript id="1794FF08FFED3C67654934E6FFE370F9" attach="left" box="[868,898,967,984]" fontSize="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">4+5</subScript>
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parallel; cell dm extending well beyond apex of cell cua; crossvein br-m at two-thirds of cell dm; CuA arched apically.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30AAEC6FFED3C64668B3325F8477120" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFED3C67668B3325FEA17792" blockId="33.[108,1214,953,1768]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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DESCRIPTION (based on
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<typeStatus id="54AB43EFFFED3C6767FC3325FE5F773E" box="[465,574,1028,1055]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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):
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<emphasis id="B964215FFFED3C6764793325FEF4773F" box="[596,661,1028,1054]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Male.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B964215FFFED3C6764B33325FF44773F" bold="true" box="[670,805,1028,1054]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Coloration</emphasis>
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of
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<typeStatus id="54AB43EFFFED3C67657C3325FFD9773F" box="[849,952,1028,1054]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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well preserved; body almost entirely dark brown, including pleura and halter. Coxae mostly yellowish, dark area on distal portion of anterior surface. Forefemur yellowish, basal 2/3 of mid and hind femora yellowish, apices brown. Tibiae and tarsi dark brown. Wing slightly tinted, trailing edge lighter. All tergites dark, including epandrium; cerci light.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFED3C67668E339EF8657605" blockId="33.[108,1214,953,1768]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B964215FFFED3C67668E339EFC8D77F8" bold="true" box="[163,236,1215,1241]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Head:</emphasis>
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Scape barely observable; pedicel short, conelike. Postpedicel large, broad (fig. 1M), L/
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<geoCoordinate id="EE249B8AFFED3C6766AA33C5FC8377DF" box="[135,226,1252,1278]" degrees="3.22" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" precision="555" value="-3.22">W 3.22</geoCoordinate>
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. Stylus short, L 0.36
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<emphasis id="B964215FFFED3C6767F433C5FD8B77DF" bold="true" box="[473,490,1252,1278]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">×</emphasis>
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length of postpedicel, with two small basal articles. Palpus broad, rounded apically; labellum with at least 10 pseudotracheae (fig. 9A, B).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFED3C67668B320EFDA676FF" blockId="33.[108,1214,953,1768]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B964215FFFED3C67668B320EFD677668" bold="true" box="[166,262,1327,1353]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Thorax:</emphasis>
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Macrosetae very thickened; acrostichals robust, in biserial rows; dorsocentral setae similar to acrostichals, ending in 2 pairs long prescutellars (posterior pair longest); 1 anterior and 1 posterior postpronotal seta; notopleural setae of variable lengths (3 most posterior ones thick and long); 1 postsutural supraalar seta; 1 postalar seta; 3 pairs scutellar setae, lateral pair 0.6
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<emphasis id="B964215FFFED3C67673B32E5FD4676FF" bold="true" box="[278,295,1476,1502]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">×</emphasis>
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L apical pair.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFED3C67668832C8F86A75B8" blockId="33.[108,1214,953,1768]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B964215FFFED3C67668832C8FC857522" bold="true" box="[165,228,1513,1539]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Legs:</emphasis>
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Forecoxa with short, erect setae on anterior surface, 5–6 of them thick. Forefemur with anteroventral row of short, spinulelike setae; short row of such setae near apices of mid and hind femora. Tibiae with long apical ventral setae: 1-2-2. Hind tibia with dense dorsal row of setae, length about half width of tibia, plus row of ~6 larger, spinelike setae (length slight less than tibial width); posterior surface of hind tibia with fine, brushy setulae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFED3C64668B3185FD817267" blockId="33.[108,1214,953,1768]" lastBlockId="34.[108,1213,225,774]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B964215FFFED3C67668B3185FC90759F" bold="true" box="[166,241,1700,1726]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Wing:</emphasis>
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Length
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<quantity id="4CE850A8FFED3C6767753185FDD4759E" box="[344,437,1700,1727]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
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(fig. 4B, C), vein C terminating slightly beyond M
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<subScript id="1794FF08FFED3C67620D3193F85F75E2" attach="left" box="[1056,1086,1714,1731]" fontSize="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">1+2</subScript>
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; Sc nearly reaching costal margin; R
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<subScript id="1794FF08FFED3C6767B031F6FDDA75C9" attach="left" box="[413,443,1751,1768]" fontSize="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">4+5</subScript>
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parallel to M
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<subScript id="1794FF08FFED3C67647031F6FE1A75C9" attach="left" box="[605,635,1751,1768]" fontSize="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">1+2</subScript>
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; crossvein r-m at distal third of cell dm; apex of M
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<subScript id="1794FF08FFEE3C6466AB37CEFCEE7221" attach="left" box="[134,143,239,256]" fontSize="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">4</subScript>
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slightly closer to M
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<subScript id="1794FF08FFEE3C6467AD37CEFDFE7221" attach="left" box="[384,415,239,256]" fontSize="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">1+2</subScript>
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than to CuA+CuP; CuA oblique, slightly arched, not aligned with bm-m, apex of cell cua acute, cell cua longer than cell bm; apex of CuA+CuP slightly curved at apex. Vein A well developed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFEE3C64668B3670F8477120" blockId="34.[108,1213,225,774]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis id="B964215FFFEE3C64668B3670FD49724A" bold="true" box="[166,296,337,363]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Abdomen:</emphasis>
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Slightly longer than thorax, setae short, spinulelike setae on posterior and lateral margins of sternites 2–5. Segments 1–5 broad, others retracted into segment 5. Terminalia unique (fig. 7D): Epandrium dorsally incomplete, long fringe of ~8 setae on ventral margin. Cercus small; surstylus straight (curved slightly inward), projecting backward, thicker than in other species. Phallus flexed anteroventrad, apex bifid and minutely feathered.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30AAEC6FFEE3C64668E352CFDAB719A" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFEE3C64668E352CFDAB719A" blockId="34.[108,1213,225,774]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<materialsCitation id="3B78F710FFEE3C64668E352CFC92716A" collectionCode="TYPE, MATERIAL" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectionCode id="ED016588FFEE3C64668E352CFD037107" box="[163,354,524,551]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">TYPE MATERIAL</collectionCode>
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:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AB43EFFFEE3C64675D352DFDBE7107" box="[368,479,524,550]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, male JZC Bu-281. The left antenna and distal half of the right foreleg lost
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B78F710FFEE3C64672D3513FDA7719A" collectionCode="AMNH" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AB43EFFFEE3C64672D3513FD15716D" box="[256,372,562,588]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1636C4FFEE3C6467AF3510FE41716A" box="[386,544,561,587]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="female">three females</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED016588FFEE3C64641F3510FEEE716A" box="[562,655,561,587]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
Bu-KL9-21, JZC Bu-165a, JZC Bu-165b), JZC Bu-282 (male), genitalia not well preserved; coloration not preserved, body with some compression; differs from
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AB43EFFFEE3C646746355DFDB371B7" box="[363,466,636,662]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
by venation (fig. 4C): r-m at middle of cell dm, bm-m and m-cu slanted, CuA strongly arched
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30AAEC6FFEE3C64668E35E6FEB877D8" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFEE3C64668E35E6FEF87027" blockId="34.[108,1213,225,774]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">ETYMOLOGY: The specific epithet is named in honour of James Zigras, from whose collection these and other fossil specimens originate.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFEE3C6467D63476FF4C7050" blockId="34.[507,813,855,881]" box="[507,813,855,881]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Undetermined Specimens</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFEE3C64668E34AEF86677A8" blockId="34.[107,1213,911,1758]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
Four pieces of Burmese amber in the AMNH contain specimens that are difficult to identify to species, based on inadequate preservation. All except AMNH KL7-7 were found in a large batch of unprocessed amber (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8180BCFFEE3C64643834F8FF7670D2" author="Grimaldi, D. A. & M. S. Engel & P. C. Nascimbene" box="[533,791,985,1012]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref15656" refString="Grimaldi, D. A., M. S. Engel, and P. C. Nascimbene. 2002. Fossiliferous Cretaceous amber from Myanmar (Burma): its discovery, biotic diversity, and paleontological significance. American Museum Novitates 3361: 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="2002">Grimaldi et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). A significant portion of Burmese amber contains arthropod inclusions that are too distorted by compression for definitive identification; since these usually contain many fine fractures, such pieces are rarely sold commercially, a source of the fossils that will skew the natural abundances of inclusions. The undetermined
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1086CEFFEE3C646731334EFDB777A8" box="[284,470,1135,1161]" class="Insecta" family="Atelestidae" genus="Alavesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964215FFFEE3C646731334EFD1D77A8" box="[284,380,1135,1161]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Alavesia</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are reported here for the sake of completeness.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFEE3C64668B33B5FEB877D8" blockId="34.[107,1213,911,1758]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964215FFFEE3C64668B33B5FD0D778F" bold="true" box="[166,364,1172,1198]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">AMNH Bu-129:</emphasis>
|
||
Possibly male; postpedicel long, slender; R
|
||
<subScript id="1794FF08FFEE3C6465513383FFFB7792" attach="left" box="[892,922,1186,1203]" fontSize="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">4+5</subScript>
|
||
curved, quite divergent from M
|
||
<subScript id="1794FF08FFEE3C6466E433E6FCB377F9" attach="left" box="[201,210,1223,1240]" fontSize="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">1</subScript>
|
||
; CuA arched, not recurved. Amber turbid, fractured; specimen crumpled. Syninclusions:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1086CEFFEE3C64669B33FEFD2A77D8" box="[182,331,1247,1273]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Psychodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female empidoid (?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1086CEFFEE3C64641633FEFEA977D9" authorityName="Grimaldi & Cumming" authorityYear="1999" box="[571,712,1247,1272]" class="Insecta" family="Atelestidae" genus="Neoturonius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964215FFFEE3C64641633FEFEA977D9" box="[571,712,1247,1272]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Neoturonius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30AAEC6FFEE3C65668F3225FD2E7200" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFEE3C64668F3225F8C47648" blockId="34.[107,1213,911,1758]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964215FFFEE3C64668F3225FD3F763F" bold="true" box="[162,350,1284,1310]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">AMNH Bu-769:</emphasis>
|
||
Male, very poor preservation, identifiable as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1086CEFFEE3C64657C3225FFCC763F" authorityName="Sinclair & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2020" box="[849,941,1284,1310]" class="Insecta" family="Atelestidae" genus="Alavesia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964215FFFEE3C64657C3225FFCC763F" box="[849,941,1284,1310]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Alavesia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on basis of very distinctive antennae. Left wing preserved but most venation not visible; CuA recurved. Piece with many fine fractures; fly is partial and crumpled. Syninclusions: particulate debris; undetermined larva.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFEE3C6466893255F8FC76DF" blockId="34.[107,1213,911,1758]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964215FFFEE3C6466893255FD0176AF" bold="true" box="[164,352,1396,1422]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">AMNH Bu-957:</emphasis>
|
||
Like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1086CEFFEE3C64678D3255FE2676AF" box="[416,583,1396,1422]" class="Insecta" family="Atelestidae" genus="Alavesia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipennae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964215FFFEE3C64678D3255FE2676AF" box="[416,583,1396,1422]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">A. brevipennae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a tiny species, postpedicel microtrichose and lanceolate (tapered for entire length), stylus microtrichose; R slightly arched, quite divergent with M
|
||
<subScript id="1794FF08FFEE3C6462713286F8047699" attach="left" box="[1116,1125,1447,1464]" fontSize="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">1</subScript>
|
||
. Unlike in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1086CEFFEE3C6466A1329EFD5276F8" box="[140,307,1471,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Atelestidae" genus="Alavesia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipennae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964215FFFEE3C6466A1329EFCFE76F8" box="[140,159,1471,1497]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B964215FFFEE3C646680329EFD5276F8" box="[173,307,1471,1497]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">brevipennae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
CuA is recurved (vs. acute). Head is deformed, but mouthparts well preserved and visible. Syninclusions: stellate trichomes, 2 fine feather barbs with very fine, short barbules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFEE3C6464BF3286FECE7699" blockId="34.[107,1213,911,1758]" box="[658,687,1447,1464]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<subScript id="1794FF08FFEE3C6464BF3286FECE7699" attach="left" box="[658,687,1447,1464]" fontSize="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">4+5</subScript>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFEE3C64668F3128F80D75B2" blockId="34.[107,1213,911,1758]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B78F710FFEE3C64668F3128FEEC7568" collectionCode="AMNH" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" specimenCode="KL7-7" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964215FFFEE3C64668F3128FD317502" bold="true" box="[162,336,1545,1571]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED016588FFEE3C64668F3128FC9A7502" box="[162,251,1545,1571]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBB65536FFEE3C64672D3128FD2B7502" box="[256,330,1545,1571]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">KL7-7</specimenCode>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A piece that contains
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1636C4FFEE3C6464123128FEF37502" box="[575,658,1545,1571]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1636C4FFEE3C6464EA3128FF447502" box="[711,805,1545,1571]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
of possibly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1086CEFFEE3C64658E312BF8017502" box="[931,1120,1546,1572]" class="Insecta" family="Atelestidae" genus="Alavesia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myanmarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964215FFFEE3C64658E312BF8017502" box="[931,1120,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">A. myanmarensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Species of average size; male postpedicel large, lanceolate
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B78F710FFEE3C6464B5310EF80975B2" collectionCode="R" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" specimenCode="R4" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBB65536FFEE3C6464B5310EFED4756C" box="[664,693,1583,1613]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
R
|
||
<subScript id="1794FF08FFEE3C646486311DFED4756C" attach="left" box="[683,693,1596,1613]" fontSize="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">4</subScript>
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
+5 arched, M
|
||
<subScript id="1794FF08FFEE3C64656D311DFF28756C" attach="left" box="[832,841,1596,1613]" fontSize="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">1</subScript>
|
||
slightly arched, CuA arched (not recurved). Syninclusions indicate a ground-dwelling assemblage: Staphylinid beetle, cecidomyiid midge, 5 mites, soil particles, 3 leaflets (with parallel venation), a thrips, and a male coccoid
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFEE3C64668831BEF8DD75FF" blockId="34.[107,1213,911,1758]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
The following undetermined females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1086CEFFEE3C64645331BEFF567598" box="[638,823,1695,1721]" class="Insecta" family="Atelestidae" genus="Alavesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964215FFFEE3C64645331BEFEBF7598" box="[638,734,1695,1721]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Alavesia</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are reported here for the sake of completeness: JZC Bu-1729 (AMNH) (figs. 1N, 3F, 10C, 11E–F, 17B); USNM PAL 726870
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAFFD4DFFEF3C65664137C0FD2E7200" blockId="35.[108,1212,225,289]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">(USNM) (fig. 17C, E); USNM PAL 726874 (USNM) (figs. 11G, 17D); and USNM PAL 726875 (USNM) (fig. 17F).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |