292 lines
36 KiB
XML
292 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="BE231FB79102D2F92B38E62FCA7E4A31" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.430.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13879373" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1727836120937" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kumar, Pankaj, Bouamanivong, Somsanith, Fischer, Gunter A. & Gale, Stephan W." docDate="2020" docId="03A687CAFFA5D735FF3CF843FB49F892" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.430.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 430 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.430.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Didymoplexiella laosensis S. W. Gale & Kumar 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="FF9FFFB2FFA4D731FFB4FFD7FFD6FFA2" masterDocTitle="Didymoplexiella laosensis (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Gastrodieae), a new holomycotrophic orchid from Lao PDR" masterLastPageNumber="8" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1727840656788" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="49ECF404C45D63F6797273FC7DFBB9A6">
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<mods:title id="E3F76AA29C35B445958EEBA98CB252BD">Didymoplexiella laosensis (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Gastrodieae), a new holomycotrophic orchid from Lao PDR</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="39D19AE9D47CC549310AED05DFC07515" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7B591CEC6D75B79F76E03E92819B1EA4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D78F38F330CE5AF0B54F22D58E12ECB7">Kumar, Pankaj</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AE6EC24F491AA5CC6432A9835E9C4EFF">Flora Conservation Department, Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, Lam Kam Road, Lam Tsuen, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong S. A. R., People’s Republic of China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="47BF0AACA3C501531373E9BBCE6E6814" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5F04784E2172CBEB09AEB8F9A4E6C2E0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B71632E850C6AB684BEE75F57B6A9E08">Bouamanivong, Somsanith</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6238FCFB6D30FBA95986FB5FA82F45F9">Ministry of Science and Technology, Biotechnology and Ecology Institute, Vientiane, Laos</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="6BC76BB0AC46F1FCD943C645AA5ADA4D" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="BE4C1B9FB63D54D781714D97EF07BFF4">
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<mods:roleTerm id="78EB7F709BA4A19C264B36D912FD4A4D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7840EA084F16C17BE7EB28D27EDF9433">Fischer, Gunter A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="09BE32DDAD4DC55095D29B626C328239">Flora Conservation Department, Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, Lam Kam Road, Lam Tsuen, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong S. A. R., People’s Republic of China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="D0E7BE6448449D55328CE334F023F8CF" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9563843B8F8A386DD222DAF3F929C051">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F1AF9BB46182062AC6E798317ABEF40E">Gale, Stephan W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D5727DD974755D3B0CD3E121D0C24C48">Flora Conservation Department, Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, Lam Kam Road, Lam Tsuen, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong S. A. R., People’s Republic of China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E0A44D5B345FB0B761E7002B32C1A2B8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6A39AF1D677BB7D7CDAEC2434645F80A">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="094404935BC552F51BDA09E8625BFF1B">
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<mods:date id="589BFC4F8630940FBE2D1EE4AA576CB0">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3AC9F262C29DBC23B4CAF0DEA3EBA26F">2020-01-23</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="3B3023397EB24E6C4ABCD3CEF1145A6A" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="1B6C0C9DFC6B46006AC67D709437FF5D">430</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DE7F231599A589FE79C94F6194CF595B">1</mods:number>
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<mods:location id="6820A50309BE9C6B02F7EE2EFEEF0611">
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<mods:url id="1AF9F65FF9EEE64466166DB9C1702263">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.430.1.1</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="A2D5E535A555F321B3A92252091B83F2">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="47A369FE59AB98817204CD638067C5DB" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.430.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="26648E8BE957B8C85CFB6E648F2AD614" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="028C351BE8CCA1EB659D102F9EB64183" type="Zenodo-Dep">13879373</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03A687CAFFA5D735FF3CF843FB49F892" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687CAFFA5D735FF3CF843FB49F892" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687CAFFA5D735FF3CF843FB49F892" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection id="C3156557FFA5D730FF3CF843FC5CF80C" box="[136,906,1940,1967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB036DCFFA5D730FF3CF843FC5CF80C" blockId="1.[136,906,1940,1967]" box="[136,906,1940,1967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<heading id="D0F881B0FFA5D730FF3CF843FC5CF80C" box="[136,906,1940,1967]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D5FFFA5D730FF3CF843FD41F80D" ID-CoL="9V6PT" authority="S.W.Gale & Kumar" authorityName="S. W. Gale & Kumar" authorityYear="2020" box="[136,663,1940,1967]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Didymoplexiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA5D730FF3CF843FE65F80D" bold="true" box="[136,435,1940,1967]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Didymoplexiella laosensis</emphasis>
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||
S.W.Gale & Kumar
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA5D730FD29F842FD24F80C" box="[669,754,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24857B5FFA5D730FD29F842FD24F80C" box="[669,754,1941,1966]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="13342A59FFA5D730FCB5F843FC98F80C" box="[769,846,1940,1966]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[216,1373,197,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-29@2.[203,1385,187,1925]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Didymoplexiella laosensis. A. Plants in habitat. B. Tuber and roots with orange nodules. C. Inflorescence. D. Side view of flower. E. Front view of flower. F. Fused dorsal sepal and petals. G. Fused lateral sepals. H. Labellum. I. Side view of column. J. Front view of column. K. Operculum. L. Pollinarium (one pollinium missing on either side, cf. Fig. 2-K). M. Gynostemium with ovary, pedicel and pollinia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13879375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13879375/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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&
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<figureCitation id="13342A59FFA5D730FCC6F843FC57F80C" box="[882,897,1940,1966]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,199,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[203,1385,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Didymoplexiella laosensis. A. Inflorescence. B. Tuber and roots. C. Fused dorsal sepal and petals. D. Fused lateral sepals. E. Labellum. F. Gynostemium with ovary and pedicel. G. Front view of column. H. Side view of column. I. Oblique view of column. J. Operculum. K. Pollinarium. (Drawn by Pankaj Kumar from specimen HNL-KFBG 0007.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13879377" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13879377/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">2</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3156557FFA5D730FF3CF86BFCB7F857" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB036DCFFA5D730FF3CF86BFCB7F857" blockId="1.[136,1451,1980,2038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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Type:―
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<collectingCountry id="F318764CFFA5D730FF6CF86BFECFF873" box="[216,281,1980,2001]" name="Laos" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">LAOS</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="49CBF83EFFA5D730FE96F86BFE08F870" box="[290,478,1980,2002]" country="Laos" name="Viangchan" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Vientiane Province</collectingRegion>
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: Vang Vieng District, Phone Ngueng Area,
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<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA5D730FC32F86BFC12F873" box="[902,964,1980,2001]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="280.0">280 m</quantity>
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elevation,
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<date id="FFB1101CFFA5D730FB84F86BFB6CF873" box="[1072,1210,1980,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2012-04-26">26 April 2012</date>
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,
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<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA5D730FB71F86BFDCFF857" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Gale, Kumar, Santainsy and Phunthavong HNL-KFBG 0007</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54B4887EFFA5D730FD91F837FDADF854" box="[549,635,2016,2038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="ED1EAE19FFA5D730FD35F837FD6FF857" box="[641,697,2016,2037]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7txf-ypk5" name="Conseil National des Sciences" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">HNL</collectionCode>
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!,
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<typeStatus id="54B4887EFFA5D730FD72F837FCDDF854" box="[710,779,2016,2038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="ED1EAE19FFA5D730FCA5F837FC81F857" box="[785,855,2016,2037]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/300g-kc4n" name="Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">KFBG</collectionCode>
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!)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="DF706654FFA6D733FF3CF876FED7F781" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13879375" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13879375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13879375/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" startId="2.[136,229,1953,1975]" targetBox="[216,1373,197,1919]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
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||
<paragraph id="8BB036DCFFA6D733FF3CF876FED7F781" blockId="2.[136,1451,1953,2083]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA6D733FF3CF876FF28F814" bold="true" box="[136,254,1953,1975]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D5FFFA6D733FEB2F876FDD5F814" authorityName="S. W. Gale & Kumar" authorityYear="2020" box="[262,515,1953,1974]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Didymoplexiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laosensis">
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<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA6D733FEB2F876FDD5F814" box="[262,515,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Didymoplexiella laosensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
. A. Plants in habitat. B. Tuber and roots with orange nodules. C. Inflorescence. D. Side view of flower. E. Front view of flower. F. Fused dorsal sepal and petals. G. Fused lateral sepals. H. Labellum. I. Side view of column. J. Front view of column. K. Operculum. L. Pollinarium (one pollinium missing on either side,
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<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA6D733FC77F83EFC0AF85C" box="[963,988,2025,2046]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">cf.</emphasis>
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Fig. 2-K). M. Gynostemium with ovary, pedicel and pollinia.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="DF706654FFA7D732FF3CF876FC31F85C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13879377" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13879377" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13879377/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[136,229,1953,1975]" targetBox="[229,1359,199,1888]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
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||
<paragraph id="8BB036DCFFA7D732FF3CF876FC31F85C" blockId="3.[136,1452,1953,2047]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA7D732FF3CF876FF29F814" bold="true" box="[136,255,1953,1975]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D5FFFA7D732FEB2F876FDD2F814" authorityName="S. W. Gale & Kumar" authorityYear="2020" box="[262,516,1953,1974]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Didymoplexiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laosensis">
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<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA7D732FEB2F876FDD2F814" box="[262,516,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Didymoplexiella laosensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. A. Inflorescence. B. Tuber and roots. C. Fused dorsal sepal and petals. D. Fused lateral sepals. E. Labellum. F. Gynostemium with ovary and pedicel. G. Front view of column. H. Side view of column. I. Oblique view of column. J. Operculum. K. Pollinarium. (Drawn by Pankaj Kumar from specimen
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<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA7D732FC99F83EFC0FF85C" box="[813,985,2025,2046]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">HNL-KFBG 0007</emphasis>
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.)
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</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3156557FFA0D735FF3CFF49FA44FB0A" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8BB036DCFFA0D735FF3CFF49FC34FE87" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1841]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FF3CFF49FEF7FF1A" bold="true" box="[136,289,158,184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Diagnosis:—</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D5FFFA0D735FE95FF49FD9FFF1A" authorityName="S. W. Gale & Kumar" authorityYear="2020" box="[289,585,158,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Didymoplexiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laosensis">
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<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FE95FF49FD9FFF1A" box="[289,585,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Didymoplexiella laosensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is similar in morphology and colouration to
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D5FFFA0D735FBFDFF48FB61FF1A" authorityName="Ridley" authorityYear="1891" box="[1097,1207,159,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Leucolena" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ornata">
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<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FBFDFF48FB61FF1A" box="[1097,1207,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D. ornata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D5FFFA0D735FB72FF48FA81FF1A" authorityName="Seidenfaden" authorityYear="1972" baseAuthorityName="Rolfe ex Downie" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[1222,1367,159,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Didymoplexiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="siamensis">
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<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FB72FF48FA81FF1A" box="[1222,1367,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D. siamensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D5FFFA0D735FA24FF48FF2BFF7E" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1920" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Didymoplexis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichechus">
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<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FA24FF48FF2BFF7E" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D. trichechus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. However, the lateral sepals of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D5FFFA0D735FDC4FF14FD2AFF7E" authorityName="S. W. Gale & Kumar" authorityYear="2020" box="[624,764,194,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Didymoplexiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laosensis">
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<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FDC4FF14FD2AFF7E" box="[624,764,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D. laosensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have a rounded apex; the fleshy, longitudinal callus on the labellum terminates more than
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<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FE52FF31FDEAFEA3" box="[486,572,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
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before the apex of the midlobe; and the projecting labellum side lobes exceed the midlobe and are truncate-rounded and irregularly denticulate at the apex.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB036DCFFA0D735FF09FEF9FEEDFBBA" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1841]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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Leafless,holomycotrophic terrestrial herb,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FD26FEF9FCF1FEEB" box="[658,807,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.915" metricValueMax="4.52" metricValueMin="3.31" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="cm" value="39.15" valueMax="45.2" valueMin="33.1">33.1–45.2cm</quantity>
|
||
tall.Rhizome horizontal or ascending, tuberous,irregularly fusiform, 5.8–7.5 long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FE27FE85FDC6FECF" box="[403,528,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="cm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.8 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, slightly fleshy, several-noded, beige. Roots 4–7, arising from base of subterranean stem immediately above rhizome apex, slender, wiry, up to about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FBADFEA1FB84FE33" box="[1049,1106,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="cm" value="6.0">6 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, sometimes bearing 1 or more globose, orange root nodules. Peduncle erect, slender, 4- or 5-noded, glabrous,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FB9BFE4DFB10FE17" box="[1071,1222,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.195" metricValueMax="3.52" metricValueMin="2.87" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="cm" value="31.95" valueMax="35.2" valueMin="28.7">28.7–35.2 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, 2.0–3.0 mm in diameter, beige to dark brown. Floral rachis 6.5–10.0 cm long, elongating during anthesis, laxly to sub-densely 16–20- flowered; floral bracts ovate-triangular, 1.0–2.0 mm long, acute, dark brown. Flowers resupinate, opening acropetally one or two at a time, white flushed pale lilac, the inner surface of the lateral sepals streaked orange-rose at base, the lip lilac, the column with a blue-violet tinge; pedicel and ovary 6.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FC27FDFDFC3CFDE7" box="[915,1002,554,581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="9.5">9.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, brown; dorsal sepal connate with the petals for 2/3 of its length, forming a hood over the column, elliptic-obovate,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FBA0FD99FB4CFDCB" box="[1044,1178,590,617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="8.8" metricValueMin="7.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="8.8" valueMin="7.2">7.2–8.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 3.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FAA5FD99FAB1FDCB" box="[1297,1383,590,617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, 3-veined, free apical portion ovate, obtuse, outer surface slightly verrucose towards the apex; lateral sepals connate for 2/3 of their length, longitudinally deflexed from their common margin, broadly elliptic-obovate,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FB52FD41FABAFD13" box="[1254,1388,662,689]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.4" metricValueMin="6.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="8.4" valueMin="6.6">6.6–8.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FF3CFD6DFEC6FD77" box="[136,272,698,725]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="2.95" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.8">2.8–3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, 3-veined, free apical portion broadly ovate, rounded, outer surface slightly verrucose towards the apex; petals broadly oblong-ovate, slightly oblique, 8.0–9.0 mm long, 4.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FC73FD09FBCAFD5B" box="[967,1052,734,761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="4.4">4.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, 2-veined, free apical portions broadly ovate, apical margins erose; labellum projecting forwards, obtriangular when flattened,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FB6AFCD5FABFFCBF" box="[1246,1385,770,797]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.949999999999999" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="5.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="5.949999999999999" valueMax="6.6" valueMin="5.3">5.3–6.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FF3CFCF1FEC6FCE3" box="[136,272,806,833]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="4.85" valueMax="5.2" valueMin="4.5">4.5–5.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, distinctly 3-lobed above the middle, bearing a long, narrow, raised, fleshy callus extending from a pair of small gland-like domes at the base to midway along the mid-lobe; mid-lobe quadrate, minutely erose along the apical margin; side lobes oblong, 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FD8DFCB9FD59FC2B" box="[569,655,878,905]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FD6CFCB9FCB6FC2B" box="[728,864,878,905]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2999999999999998" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="1.2999999999999998" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, distinctly longer than the mid-lobe, deflexed, truncate-rounded, apical margin irregularly denticulate. Column erect, slightly arched, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FB33FC45FB1FFC0F" box="[1159,1225,914,941]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, with a pair of prominent, decurved, fang-like stelidia ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FDC5FC61FD1FFC73" box="[625,713,950,977]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long at the apex, foot absent; anther hemi-spherical, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FAE0FC61FA7AFC73" box="[1364,1452,950,977]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
across; pollinia 4, in 2 pairs; stigma ventral, slightly raised, with a prominent rostellum along apex. Capsule fusiform, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FF1BFC29FF2DFBBB" box="[175,251,1022,1049]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="cm" value="1.2">1.2 cm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB036DCFFA0D735FF09FBF5FA9AFBC2" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1841]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FF09FBF5FDF7FB9E" bold="true" box="[189,545,1058,1084]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Other specimens examined:―</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F318764CFFA0D735FD95FBF5FDB8FB9E" box="[545,622,1058,1084]" name="Laos" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">LAOS</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CBF83EFFA0D735FDC2FBF5FC98FB9E" box="[630,846,1058,1084]" country="Laos" name="Viangchan" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Vientiane Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Vang Vieng District, Phou Din Deng,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FB47FBF5FAEFFB9F" box="[1267,1337,1058,1085]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.53" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="353.0">353 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation,
|
||
<date id="FFB1101CFFA0D735FF3CFB91FEF1FBC2" box="[136,295,1094,1120]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2012-04-30">30 April 2012</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FE86FB91FB26FBC2" box="[306,1264,1094,1121]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fischer, Gale, Kumar, Bouamanivong, Santainsy and Phunthavong HNL-KFBG 0282</emphasis>
|
||
(HNL!)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB036DCFFA0D735FF09FBBDFE08FB26" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1841]" box="[189,478,1130,1156]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FF09FBBDFE8AFB26" bold="true" box="[189,348,1130,1156]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Flowering:—</emphasis>
|
||
April–May.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB036DCFFA0D735FF09FB59FA44FB0A" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1841]" box="[189,1426,1166,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FF09FB59FEE8FB0A" bold="true" box="[189,318,1166,1192]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Habitat:—</emphasis>
|
||
Plants growing in organic debris between rocky crevices under broadleaf forest on limestone karst.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3156557FFA0D735FF09FB65FB49F892" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB036DCFFA0D735FF09FB65FB75FB6E" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1841]" box="[189,1187,1202,1229]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FF09FB65FEB2FB6E" bold="true" box="[189,356,1202,1228]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Etymology:—</emphasis>
|
||
The species is named in honour of the country in which it was discovered.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB036DCFFA0D735FF09FB01FA90FAFE" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1841]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FF09FB01FE7CFB52" bold="true" box="[189,426,1238,1264]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Taxonomic notes:—</emphasis>
|
||
Recognition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D5FFFA0D735FDE2FB00FD08FB52" authorityName="S. W. Gale & Kumar" authorityYear="2020" box="[598,734,1238,1264]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Didymoplexiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laosensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FDE2FB00FD08FB52" box="[598,734,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D. laosensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
brings the total number of species in the genus to eight. All share a similar column and column-foot structure, on the basis of which they can be readily distinguished from members of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D5FFFA0D735FF77FAC9FE8BFA9A" authorityName="Griffith" authorityYear="1844" box="[195,349,1310,1336]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Didymoplexis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FF77FAC9FE8BFA9A" box="[195,349,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Didymoplexis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D5FFFA0D735FE22FAC9FD89FA9A" authorityName="Seidenfaden" authorityYear="1997" box="[406,607,1310,1336]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Didymoplexiopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FE22FAC9FD89FA9A" box="[406,607,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Didymoplexiopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Flower colour is variable and so cannot be used for species delimitation. The structure and outline of the labellum are therefore the most important features for identification (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13342A59FFA0D735FB40FA95FAEEFAFE" box="[1268,1336,1346,1372]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1103,1125]" captionTargetBox="[156,1433,193,1053]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[151,1436,190,1079]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of flower and labellum of Didymoplexiella laosensis with those of morphologically similar members of the genus.A–B. Didymoplexiella laosensis. C–D.Didymoplexiella siamensis. E–F.Didymoplexiella ornata. G–H.Didymoplexiella trichechus. Photo credits:A. Stephan Gale; C. Pankaj Kumar; E. Ong Poh Teck; G. Tsukaya Hirokazu.All line drawings drawn by P. Kumar (D drawn from fresh specimen collected in Hong Kong; F drawn from colour photographs of plants in Malaysia provided by Ong Poh Teck and from original description (Ridley 1891); H redrawn from Tsukaya et al. (2014) from Borneo)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13879379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13879379/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB036DCFFA0D735FF09FAB1FB49F892" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1841]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FF09FAB1FDDAFA22" bold="true" box="[189,524,1382,1408]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Conservation assessment:—</emphasis>
|
||
Three scattered populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D5FFFA0D735FCD5FAB1FB50FA22" authorityName="S. W. Gale & Kumar" authorityYear="2020" box="[865,1158,1382,1408]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Didymoplexiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laosensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FCD5FAB1FB50FA22" box="[865,1158,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Didymoplexiella laosensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were found in Vang Vieng District of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CBF83EFFA0D735FEB1FA5DFE09FA06" box="[261,479,1418,1444]" country="Laos" name="Viangchan" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Vientiane Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
, central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F318764CFFA0D735FDF6FA5CFDAAFA07" box="[578,636,1419,1445]" name="Laos" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The extensive limestone karst landscape of the region offers hope that additional populations may yet be found but further surveys are needed to confirm this. The Extent of Occurrence and Area of Occupancy (AOO) are estimated to be <
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FD52FA05FCCBFA4E" box="[742,797,1490,1516]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C7A9B94FFA0D735FCA8FA05FCF2FA42" attach="left" box="[796,804,1490,1504]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2</superScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B39FFA0D735FCEAFA05FC4EFA4E" box="[862,920,1490,1516]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C7A9B94FFA0D735FC2CFA05FC76FA42" attach="left" box="[920,928,1490,1504]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2</superScript>
|
||
, respectively (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4B2DFFA0D735FBF2FA05FB1FFA4E" author="Moat, J." box="[1094,1225,1490,1516]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refId="ref4310" refString="Moat, J. (2007) Conservation assessment tools extension for Arc View 3. x, version 1.2. GIS Unit, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available from: http: // www. rbgkew. org. uk / gis / cats (accessed 10 October 2019)" type="url" year="2007">Moat 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). On the strength of current knowledge, the total population size is estimated to amount to fewer than 500 mature individuals. Being a holomycotroph, species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D5FFFA0D735FE76F9CDFDADF996" authorityName="Garay" authorityYear="1954" box="[450,635,1562,1588]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Didymoplexiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FE76F9CDFDADF996" box="[450,635,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Didymoplexiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are expected to be highly specific in their mycorrhizal symbiosis and therefore also their habitat (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4B2DFFA0D735FE70F9E9FD1BF9FA" author="Jacquemyn, H. & Waud, M. & Merckx, V. S. F. T. & Brys, R. & Tyteca, D. & Hedren, M. & Lievens, B." box="[452,717,1598,1625]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refId="ref3794" refString="Jacquemyn, H., Waud, M., Merckx, V. S. F. T., Brys, R., Tyteca, D., Hedren, M. & Lievens, B. (2016) Habitat-driven variation in mycorrhizal communities in the terrestrial orchid genus Dactylorhiza. Scientific Reports 6: 37182. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / srep 37182" type="journal volume" year="2016">
|
||
Jacquemyn
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FDF9F9E8FD56F9FA" box="[589,640,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Clearance of broadleaf forest across the seasonal Asian tropics continues to endanger the unique biota of the region (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4B2DFFA0D735FD54F9B5FC19F9DE" author="Clements, R. & Sodhi, N. S. & Schilthuizen, M. & Peter, K. L. N." box="[736,975,1634,1661]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="733 - 742" refId="ref3172" refString="Clements, R., Sodhi, N. S., Schilthuizen, M. & Peter, K. L. N. (2006) Limestone karsts of Southeast Asia: Imperiled arks of biodiversity. BioScience 56 (9): 733 - 742. https: // doi. org / 10.1641 / 0006 - 3568 (2006) 56 [733: LKOSAI] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Clements
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FCE7F9B4FC53F9DE" box="[851,901,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), with natural regeneration and restoration of limestone floras being regarded as especially difficult (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4B2DFFA0D735FCAFF951FBCEF902" author="Urich, P. B. & Reeder, P." box="[795,1048,1670,1696]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="493 - 506" refId="ref5074" refString="Urich, P. B. & Reeder, P. (1999) Plantation Forestry in Tropical Limestone Uplands: Environmental Constraints and Opportunities. The Professional Geographer 51 (4): 493 - 506. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / 0033 - 0124.00186" type="journal article" year="1999">Urich & Reeder 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, the immediate threat to this species is habitat destruction due to mining (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4B2DFFA0D735FD0AF97DFC4BF966" author="Day, M. J. & Urich, P. B." box="[702,925,1706,1732]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="61 - 70" refId="ref3247" refString="Day, M. J. & Urich, P. B. (2000) An assessment of protected karst landscapes in Southeast Asia. Cave and Karst Science 27: 61 - 70." type="journal article" year="2000">Day & Urich 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Part of the limestone mountain range where
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D5FFFA0D735FF3CF918FEC4F94A" authorityName="S. W. Gale & Kumar" authorityYear="2020" box="[136,274,1742,1768]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Didymoplexiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laosensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FF3CF918FEC4F94A" box="[136,274,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D. laosensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was discovered was leased to a cement production company by the Lao government in 2015. Presently, only 10% of the limestone karst area of central and northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F318764CFFA0D735FC8FF924FCA7F8AF" box="[827,881,1779,1805]" name="Laos" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||
is under statutory protection (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4B2DFFA0D735FB73F925FA76F8AE" author="Delang, C. O. & Toro, M. & Phommachanh, M. C." box="[1223,1440,1778,1804]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="150 - 164" refId="ref3283" refString="Delang, C. O., Toro, M. & Phommachanh, M. C. (2013) Coffee, mines and dams: conflicts over land in the Bolaven Plateau, southern Lao PDR. The Geographical Journal 179: 150 - 164. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1475 - 4959.2012.00481. x" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Delang
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEACEFFA0D735FA96F924FA8DF8AE" box="[1314,1371,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Applying
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4B2DFFA0D735FF4DF8C1FE59F892" author="IUCN Standards & Petitions Committee" box="[249,399,1814,1840]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refId="ref3740" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2019) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: https: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed on 6 October 2019)" type="book" year="2019">IUCN (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
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guidelines, the species is assessed as Endangered (EN B1+B2ab(iii)).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |