325 lines
38 KiB
XML
325 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="9CE1A8D442E5CAD7C823D5FC2F80C139" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.183553" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fd9f79b5-a94f-4d29-b0b2-9a7c891c2854" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="183553" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459921371242" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Montaña, Carmen G., López-Fernández, Hernán & Taphorn, Donald C." docDate="2008" docId="038EC268FFAEFFD43D976569C288976B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01856p040.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1856" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Crenicichla zebrina Montaña, López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2008, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="FFB7BA10FFAFFFD03D006043C3719319" masterDocTitle="A new species of Crenicichla (Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the Ventuari River, Upper Orinoco River Basin, Amazonas State, Venezuela" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1698229276417" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C5E870B44D9954D7C6FC87A5CE50A8A9">
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<mods:title id="CCA61E0B6958E2AB0ACA4B1FB69D6399">A new species of Crenicichla (Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the Ventuari River, Upper Orinoco River Basin, Amazonas State, Venezuela</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A5EA2CE53377FC7F95AF7A8AE86C54C2" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="136CCBA5386787AE403D47BD91078F9D">Montaña, Carmen G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="920653E211347C6338EDB707E956C63B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8421F891C59A8657AFDE1675C1878FF2">López-Fernández, Hernán</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="5D4FAD7E8C1D48BDA86B31D512CB5413">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F3F8697ECFA46F7E3FE5FB549E45894F">Taphorn, Donald C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CF8B93BB38BDEDF44BC732C06FF605EC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B53B1EC3DF494202E39F4C5F3ADA4185">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="CC73F41DC8B2A9C11ED971E56F03FC7D">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="FA31D001313ADA0A11B1E87A135F8019" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.183553</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038EC268FFAEFFD43D976569C288976B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5688410" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119373890" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5688410" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038EC268FFAEFFD43D976569C288976B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038EC268FFAEFFD43D976569C288976B" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
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<subSubSection id="C33D20F5FFAEFFD13D976569C269967E" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B98737EFFAEFFD13D976569C2BE965D" blockId="1.[151,463,1322,1383]" box="[151,463,1322,1348]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
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<heading id="D0D0C412FFAEFFD13D976569C2BE965D" bold="true" box="[151,463,1322,1348]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFAEFFD13D976569C2BE965D" bold="true" box="[151,463,1322,1348]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2708FDFFAEFFD13D976569C2F4965D" ID-CoL="ZCHJ" box="[151,389,1322,1348]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Crenicichla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zebrina" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFAEFFD13D976569C2F4965D" bold="true" box="[151,389,1322,1348]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Crenicichla zebrina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2601217FFAEFFD13C8C6569C2BE965D" box="[396,463,1322,1348]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B98737EFFAEFFD13D97650EC269967E" blockId="1.[151,463,1322,1383]" box="[151,280,1357,1383]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
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(
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<figureCitation id="131C6FFBFFAEFFD13D9F650EC27F967E" box="[159,270,1357,1383]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="3.[151,255,569,593]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,255,1505,1529]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,255,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,197,542]" captionTargetBox-1="[153,1417,669,1504]" captionTargetBox-2="[354,1220,1194,1847]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[151,1436,197,543]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[151,1436,631,1509]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[354,1222,1194,1847]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Crenicichla zebrina. Holotype MCNG 45975, 189.0 mm SL; Venezuela: Amazonas, Orinoco River drainage, lower Ventuari River in front of Cucurital fishing camp." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Crenicichla zebrina. Paratype. Lower pharyngeal tooth plate in occlusal view. ROM 82529, 264.0 mm SL. Scale bar = 5 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Distribution map of Crenicichla zebrina n. sp. lower Ventuari River, Amazonas State, Venezuela." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/183554/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/183555/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/183556/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D20F5FFAEFFD13D9765DEC2569555" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B98737EFFAEFFD13D9765DEC7AA96C5" blockId="1.[151,1436,1437,1986]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
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<typeStatus id="549CCDDCFFAEFFD13D9765DEC27896AE" box="[151,265,1437,1463]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFAEFFD13D9765DEC27896AE" bold="true" box="[151,265,1437,1463]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Holotype</emphasis>
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</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="ED36EBBBFFAEFFD13C1D65DEC20496AE" box="[285,373,1437,1463]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tyz9-grz8" name="Museo de Ciencias Naturales de la UNELLEZ en Guanare" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">MCNG</collectionCode>
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45975, 189.0 mm SL;
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<collectingCountry id="F33033EEFFAEFFD13F9D65DEC06B96AE" box="[669,794,1437,1463]" name="Venezuela" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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: Amazonas, Orinoco River drainage, lower Ventuari River in front of Cucurital fishing camp, 04º07’03”, 66º40’47”, C.G. Montaña,
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<date id="FF9955BEFFAEFFD139376581C7A696C5" box="[1079,1239,1474,1500]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" value="2002-06-26">26 June 2002</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B98737EFFAEFFD13DC565A4C2569555" blockId="1.[151,1436,1437,1986]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
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<typeStatus id="549CCDDCFFAEFFD13DC565A4C2469518" box="[197,311,1511,1537]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="paratype">
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<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFAEFFD13DC565A4C2469518" bold="true" box="[197,311,1511,1537]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Paratype</emphasis>
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</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="ED36EBBBFFAEFFD13C4965ABC2FD951B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" box="[329,396,1512,1538]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" name="Royal Ontario Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">ROM</collectionCode>
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82529 (ex
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<collectionCode id="ED36EBBBFFAEFFD13F1865ABC101951B" box="[536,624,1512,1538]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tyz9-grz8" name="Museo de Ciencias Naturales de la UNELLEZ en Guanare" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">MCNG</collectionCode>
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45803) 1 ex., 264.0 mm SL;
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<collectingCountry id="F33033EEFFAEFFD13EDA65ABC726951B" box="[986,1111,1512,1538]" name="Venezuela" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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: Amazonas, Orinoco River drainage, lower Ventuari River, at 100 of the mouth of Caño Kanaripo, 04º04’58”, 66º50’54”, C.G. Montaña,
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<date id="FF9955BEFFAEFFD13D976671C2529555" box="[151,291,1586,1612]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" value="2002-03-09">9 Mar 2002</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D20F5FFAEFFD13DC56614C605944B" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B98737EFFAEFFD13DC56614C605944B" blockId="1.[151,1436,1437,1986]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFAEFFD13DC56614C24C9568" bold="true" box="[197,317,1623,1649]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C2708FDFFAEFFD13C50661BC14C9568" box="[336,573,1624,1649]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Crenicichla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zebrina">
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<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFAEFFD13C50661BC14C9568" box="[336,573,1624,1649]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Crenicichla zebrina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from all congeners by its pigmentation pattern, which includes the unique combination of a large, more or less oval-shaped humeral spot, and thin, dark vertical bars on the caudal half of the body which are separated by thinner yellowish vertical bars. It further differs from all other species in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2708FDFFAEFFD13C81668BC15895F8" box="[385,553,1736,1762]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Crenicichla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acutirostris">
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<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFAEFFD13C81668BC2E595F8" box="[385,404,1736,1761]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">C</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFAEFFD13CA3668BC15895F8" box="[419,553,1736,1761]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">acutirostris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group except
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<taxonomicName id="4C2708FDFFAEFFD13FD1668BC03295F8" box="[721,835,1736,1762]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Crenicichla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tigrina">
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<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFAEFFD13FD1668BC19595F8" box="[721,740,1736,1761]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">C</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFAEFFD13FF3668BC03295F8" box="[755,835,1736,1761]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">tigrina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by a higher lateral scale count (E1=114 versus 111 or less). It can be distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="4C2708FDFFAEFFD13F4966AEC1CF941F" box="[585,702,1773,1799]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Crenicichla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tigrina">
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<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFAEFFD13F4966AEC12D941F" box="[585,604,1773,1798]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">C</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFAEFFD13F6B66AEC1CF941F" box="[619,702,1773,1798]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">tigrina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by the presence of a large, non-ocellated humeral spot (versus no spot), lower dorsal spine counts (XXII versus XXIII–XXIV), and the presence of alternating light and dark colored bars restricted to approximately the caudal half of the body (vs. bars on all the body in
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<taxonomicName id="4C2708FDFFAEFFD139F1677BC6129448" box="[1265,1379,1848,1874]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Crenicichla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tigrina">
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<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFAEFFD139F1677BC6759448" box="[1265,1284,1848,1873]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">C</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFAEFFD13813677BC6129448" box="[1299,1379,1848,1873]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">tigrina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D20F5FFAEFFD43DC5671EC2A0909B" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B98737EFFAEFFD13DC5671EC70E94DB" blockId="1.[151,1436,1437,1986]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFAEFFD13DC5671EC224946E" bold="true" box="[197,341,1885,1911]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Description</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C2708FDFFAEFFD13C64671EC13D946F" box="[356,588,1885,1910]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Crenicichla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zebrina">
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<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFAEFFD13C64671EC13D946F" box="[356,588,1885,1910]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Crenicichla zebrina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="131C6FFBFFAEFFD13F5C671EC1EE946E" box="[604,671,1885,1911]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,569,593]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,197,542]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,197,543]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Crenicichla zebrina. Holotype MCNG 45975, 189.0 mm SL; Venezuela: Amazonas, Orinoco River drainage, lower Ventuari River in front of Cucurital fishing camp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183554/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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) is described from two specimens collected in the lower Ventuari River, a tributary of the Orinoco River, Amazonas State,
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<collectingCountry id="F33033EEFFAEFFD13E3667C1C0C39485" box="[822,946,1922,1948]" name="Venezuela" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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. All measurements based on the
|
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<typeStatus id="549CCDDCFFAEFFD1383667C1C6ED9485" box="[1334,1436,1922,1948]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(189.0 mm SL) and the
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<typeStatus id="549CCDDCFFAEFFD13CAF67EBC16594DB" box="[431,532,1960,1986]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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(264.0 mm SL). Measurements are given in
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<tableCitation id="C6A546C5FFAEFFD1392167EBC70894DB" box="[1057,1145,1960,1986]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[159,1318,208,956]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometrics of Crenicichla zebrina." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5823F6FFADFFD23D9760D4C1C293B6" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" tableUuid="DF5823F6FFADFFD23D9760D4C1C293B6">Table 1</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF5823F6FFADFFD23D9760D4C1C293B6" ID-Table-UUID="DF5823F6FFADFFD23D9760D4C1C293B6" box="[151,691,151,175]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5823F6FFADFFD23D9760D4C1C293B6" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" targetBox="[159,1318,208,956]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="8B98737EFFADFFD23D9760D4C1C293B6" blockId="2.[151,691,151,175]" box="[151,691,151,175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
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||
<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFADFFD23D9760D4C27393B6" bold="true" box="[151,258,151,175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">TABLE 1</emphasis>
|
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. Morphometrics of
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C2708FDFFADFFD23CD860DBC1DD93B6" box="[472,684,152,175]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Crenicichla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zebrina">
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<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFADFFD23CD860DBC1DD93B6" box="[472,684,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Crenicichla zebrina</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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.
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</paragraph>
|
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B98737EFFADFFD23D9F6093C71890A5" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<table id="F92781DEFFAD002F3D9F6093C65790A5" box="[159,1318,208,956]" gridcols="3" gridrows="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<tr id="3517713CFFAD002F3D9F6093C65793FE" box="[159,1318,208,231]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<th id="76C61840FFAD002F3D9F6093C2B593FE" box="[159,452,208,231]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Measurements</th>
|
||
<th id="76C61840FFAD002F3FD16093C0A693FE" box="[721,983,208,231]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Holotype MCNG-45975</th>
|
||
<th id="76C61840FFAD002F393A6093C65793FE" box="[1082,1318,208,231]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Paratype ROM-82529</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3517713CFFAD002F3D9F60B9C6579208" box="[159,1318,250,273]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<th id="76C61840FFAD002F3D9F60B9C2B59208" box="[159,452,250,273]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">SL mm</th>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F3FD160B9C0A69208" box="[721,983,250,273]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">189.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F393A60B9C6579208" box="[1082,1318,250,273]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">264.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3517713CFFAD002F3D9F6113C657927E" box="[159,1318,336,359]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<th id="76C61840FFAD002F3D9F6113C2B5927E" box="[159,452,336,359]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Body depth</th>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F3FD16113C0A6927E" box="[721,983,336,359]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">33.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F393A6113C657927E" box="[1082,1318,336,359]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">51.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3517713CFFAD002F3D9F6139C6579288" box="[159,1318,378,401]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<th id="76C61840FFAD002F3D9F6139C2B59288" box="[159,452,378,401]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Head length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F3FD16139C0A69288" box="[721,983,378,401]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">54.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F393A6139C6579288" box="[1082,1318,378,401]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">83.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3517713CFFAD002F3D9F61E6C65792A5" box="[159,1318,421,444]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<th id="76C61840FFAD002F3D9F61E6C2B592A5" box="[159,452,421,444]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Caudal-peduncle length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F3FD161E6C0A692A5" box="[721,983,421,444]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">28.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F393A61E6C65792A5" box="[1082,1318,421,444]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">35.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3517713CFFAD002F3D9F6193C65792FE" box="[159,1318,464,487]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<th id="76C61840FFAD002F3D9F6193C2B592FE" box="[159,452,464,487]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Caudal-peduncle depth</th>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F3FD16193C0A692FE" box="[721,983,464,487]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">19.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F393A6193C65792FE" box="[1082,1318,464,487]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">28.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3517713CFFAD002F3D9F61B9C6579108" box="[159,1318,506,529]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<th id="76C61840FFAD002F3D9F61B9C2B59108" box="[159,452,506,529]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Pectoral-fin length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F3FD161B9C0A69108" box="[721,983,506,529]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">30.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F393A61B9C6579108" box="[1082,1318,506,529]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">42.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3517713CFFAD002F3D9F6266C6579125" box="[159,1318,549,572]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<th id="76C61840FFAD002F3D9F6266C2B59125" box="[159,452,549,572]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Pelvic-fin length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F3FD16266C0A69125" box="[721,983,549,572]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">27.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F393A6266C6579125" box="[1082,1318,549,572]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">42.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3517713CFFAD002F3D9F6213C657917E" box="[159,1318,592,615]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<th id="76C61840FFAD002F3D9F6213C2B5917E" box="[159,452,592,615]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Last dorsal-fin spine length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F3FD16213C0A6917E" box="[721,983,592,615]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">15.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F393A6213C657917E" box="[1082,1318,592,615]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">27.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3517713CFFAD002F3D9F62E6C65791A5" box="[159,1318,677,700]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<th id="76C61840FFAD002F3D9F62E6C2B591A5" box="[159,452,677,700]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Snout length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F3FD162E6C0A691A5" box="[721,983,677,700]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">19.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F393A62E6C65791A5" box="[1082,1318,677,700]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">28.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3517713CFFAD002F3D9F6293C65791FE" box="[159,1318,720,743]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<th id="76C61840FFAD002F3D9F6293C2B591FE" box="[159,452,720,743]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Head width</th>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F3FD16293C0A691FE" box="[721,983,720,743]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">21.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F393A6293C65791FE" box="[1082,1318,720,743]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">30.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3517713CFFAD002F3D9F62B9C6579008" box="[159,1318,762,785]" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<th id="76C61840FFAD002F3D9F62B9C2B59008" box="[159,452,762,785]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Orbital diameter</th>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F3FD162B9C0A69008" box="[721,983,762,785]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">10.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F393A62B9C6579008" box="[1082,1318,762,785]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">12.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3517713CFFAD002F3D9F6366C6579025" box="[159,1318,805,828]" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<th id="76C61840FFAD002F3D9F6366C2B59025" box="[159,452,805,828]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Interorbital width</th>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F3FD16366C0A69025" box="[721,983,805,828]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">10.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F393A6366C6579025" box="[1082,1318,805,828]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">17.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3517713CFFAD002F3D9F6313C657907E" box="[159,1318,848,871]" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<th id="76C61840FFAD002F3D9F6313C2B5907E" box="[159,452,848,871]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Preorbital depth</th>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F3FD16313C0A6907E" box="[721,983,848,871]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">5.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F393A6313C657907E" box="[1082,1318,848,871]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">9.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3517713CFFAD002F3D9F6339C6579088" box="[159,1318,890,913]" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<th id="76C61840FFAD002F3D9F6339C2B59088" box="[159,452,890,913]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Upper jaw length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F3FD16339C0A69088" box="[721,983,890,913]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">18.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F393A6339C6579088" box="[1082,1318,890,913]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">29.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3517713CFFAD002F3D9F63E6C65790A5" box="[159,1318,933,956]" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<th id="76C61840FFAD002F3D9F63E6C2B590A5" box="[159,452,933,956]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Lower jaw length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F3FD163E6C0A690A5" box="[721,983,933,956]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">26.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76C61840FFAD002F393A63E6C65790A5" box="[1082,1318,933,956]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">40.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98737EFFADFFD23DC5644EC730967E" blockId="2.[151,1437,1037,1986]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Shape. Body elongate, body depth 17.8–19.3% SL. Head deeper than wide. Caudal peduncle length 1.2 to 1.5 times in depth. Snout long, rounded in dorsal view, pointed in lateral view. Lower jaw slightly prognathous, its articulation anterior to the margin of orbit, ascending premaxillary process reaching vertical line through middle of orbit. Maxilla reaching to vertical line through anterior margin of orbit. Lips moderately wide, lower lip folds separated anteriorly at symphsis; folds of upper lip not continuous but interrupted at the wide symphyseal region; postlabial skin fold margin slightly concave. Orbit supralateral, rising slightly above frontal contour, not visible from ventral view, chiefly in the anterior half of the head. Nostrils dorsolaterally placed, approximately on anterior third of distance between orbit and margin of postlabial skin fold, with low tubular margin but no anterior marginal skin flap. Preopercle without serrations.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98737EFFADFFD23DC56536C02A9566" blockId="2.[151,1437,1037,1986]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Scales. E1 114 (2), scales between upper lateral line and dorsal-fin base 17–18 anteriorly, 9–11 posteriorly; 6 scale rows between lateral lines. Scales on upper lateral line 25–26 and lower lateral line 14–15. Anterior upper lateral-line scales slightly larger and more elongate than adjacent scales. Flank scales ctenoid. Cycloid scales on head, anteriorly on back, along dorsal fin base, chest, and on belly below line from lower edge of pectoral fin base to anal fin origin and near fin base. Predorsal and prepelvic scales small, superficially embedded in skin. Cheek fully scaled; 6 scale rows below eye embedded in skin. Interopercle naked. Circumpeducular scale rows 22 above lateral line, 22 below.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98737EFFADFFD23DC566CEC24695D6" blockId="2.[151,1437,1037,1986]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Fin scales. Scales absent on dorsal, anal, pectoral, and pelvic fins. Caudal fin squamation extending to the middle of fin.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98737EFFADFFD23DC5669EC15594DB" blockId="2.[151,1437,1037,1986]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
Fins. Dorsal XXII-15 (1), XXII-16 (1); anal
|
||
<date id="FF9955BEFFADFFD23FE7669EC05B95EE" box="[743,810,1757,1783]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" value="1911-03">III-11</date>
|
||
(2). First dorsal spine about 1/4–1/5 length of last; spines increasing in length to the last, subequal from about 10th. Soft part of dorsal fin pointed, 7th–8th rays reaching slightly beyond base of caudal fin. Caudal fin rounded. Soft anal fin with acuminate tip, not reaching base of caudal fin. Pectoral fin rounded, reaching halfway to anal-fin origin. Pelvic fin inserted well posterior to vertical through pectoral-fin insertion, with acuminate tip, second ray longest, reaching about halfway to anal-fin origin or slightly beyond.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5823F6FFACFFD33D97627AC06F916A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183554/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" targetBox="[151,1435,197,542]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98737EFFACFFD33D97627AC06F916A" blockId="3.[151,1436,569,627]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFACFFD33D97627AC26B9148" bold="true" box="[151,282,569,593]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFACFFD33C226279C28E9148" box="[290,511,570,593]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2708FDFFACFFD33C226279C28B9148" box="[290,506,570,593]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Crenicichla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zebrina">Crenicichla zebrina</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype MCNG 45975, 189.0 mm SL; Venezuela: Amazonas, Orinoco River drainage, lower Ventuari River in front of Cucurital fishing camp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF5823F6FFACFFD33D9765A2C22B9502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183555/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" targetBox="[153,1417,669,1504]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98737EFFACFFD33D9765A2C22B9502" blockId="3.[151,1436,1505,1563]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFACFFD33D9765A2C26B96E0" bold="true" box="[151,282,1505,1529]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFACFFD33C2165A1C28C96E0" box="[289,509,1506,1529]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2708FDFFACFFD33C2165A1C28996E0" box="[289,504,1506,1529]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Crenicichla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zebrina">Crenicichla zebrina</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Paratype. Lower pharyngeal tooth plate in occlusal view. ROM 82529, 264.0 mm SL. Scale bar = 5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98737EFFACFFD33DC5660CC0F99428" blockId="3.[151,1436,1615,2001]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Teeth. All teeth pointed, erect or slightly recurved. Teeth of outer row (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDFDE9BFFACFFD33905660CC7339570" box="[1029,1090,1615,1641]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" unit="in" value="25.0">25 in</quantity>
|
||
right hemiseries in
|
||
<typeStatus id="549CCDDCFFACFFD3382B660CC6E59570" box="[1323,1428,1615,1641]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) distinctly larger than teeth of inner rows and larger anteriorly than posteriorly. Upper jaw with 5–6 inner rows of conic, slightly recurved teeth; an open space present between right and left hemiseries at symphysis; outer teeth movable, inner teeth depressible. Lower jaw with 4–5 rows of conic teeth, anterior row slightly larger, separated from inner rows by twice as much space as between inner rows, gap at symphysis,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDFDE9BFFACFFD339DF66ACC66A9410" box="[1247,1307,1775,1801]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" unit="in" value="20.0">20 in</quantity>
|
||
right anterior hemiseries (
|
||
<typeStatus id="549CCDDCFFACFFD33C556754C2B39428" box="[341,450,1815,1841]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
), all teeth depressible; of variable size.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98737EFFACFFD33DC5677CC1A19440" blockId="3.[151,1436,1615,2001]" box="[197,720,1855,1881]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Gills. External rakers on first gill arch, 9 (1).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98737EFFACFFD43DC56724C2A193C3" blockId="3.[151,1436,1615,2001]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,152,1138]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Tooth plates. Lower pharyngeal toothplate wide; length of bone 65% of width; dentigerous area 67% of width, 50% of length; 22 teeth in posterior row, 7–8 on median row. Anterior teeth subconical or subcylindrical, slightly laterally compressed and slightly wider at the base, recurved, conic; teeth on antero-lateral margin progressively wider at the base towards caudal edge of plate; postero-median teeth larger, cylindrical with blunt cusps, conic (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C6FFBFFABFFD43C7A6083C2B093C3" box="[378,449,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1505,1529]" captionTargetBox="[153,1417,669,1504]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,631,1509]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Crenicichla zebrina. Paratype. Lower pharyngeal tooth plate in occlusal view. ROM 82529, 264.0 mm SL. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183555/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98737EFFABFFD43DC560ABC1E1921B" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,1138]" box="[197,656,232,258]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Vertebrae. 23+18 = 41 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="549CCDDCFFABFFD43CDB60ABC135921B" box="[475,580,232,258]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
only).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98737EFFABFFD43DC5614CC156915B" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,1138]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFABFFD43DC5614CC2A69230" bold="true" box="[197,471,271,297]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Coloration in alcohol</emphasis>
|
||
. Sides of head, cheek and body brown; snout and upper and lower lips gray. Brown, inverted triangle-shaped blotch below orbit, reaching about half the depth of cheek. Ventrum brown to yellow with pale vertical bars. Dark brown vertical bars on sides from middle of body to caudal fin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C6FFBFFABFFD438436123C6F89263" box="[1347,1417,352,378]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,569,593]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,197,542]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,197,543]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Crenicichla zebrina. Holotype MCNG 45975, 189.0 mm SL; Venezuela: Amazonas, Orinoco River drainage, lower Ventuari River in front of Cucurital fishing camp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183554/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
); bars reach about ¾ of the vertical distance between the dorsal base and the anal base. Pectoral and pelvic fins pale yellow. Dorsal, anal, and caudal fins pale yellow with brown vertical bars and a brown border. Soft anal fin with dark pointed tips. Dark brown to black oval-shaped humeral spot just posterior to the pectoral fin, bisected at about 1/3 of height by upper lateral line. Ocellated black caudal spot located on second lateral bar posterior to the base of caudal fin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98737EFFABFFD43DC5620CC2A0909B" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,1138]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFABFFD43DC5620CC23E9170" bold="true" box="[197,335,591,617]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Live colors</emphasis>
|
||
. Live colors are described from personal observation in the field (CGM) and two photographs of live specimens taken in the field. Background color is dark brown with dark brown or gray vertical bars separated by narrower yellowish to olive bars. There are five thicker vertical bars on the sides, starting behind opercle and extending to caudal end of dorsal fin base. On caudal third of body bars are narrower, closer together and extend onto caudal fin. Between the narrow bars there are fine vertical, yellow to olive green bars. Head and lips are dark gray. Small black spot below orbit. Dorsal, anal and caudal fin with brown vertical bars as on body. Pectoral and pelvic fin without bars, uniformly yellow to olivaceous. Humeral spot black, ocellated with yellow ring.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33D20F5FFABFFD43DC563CCC0C390E3" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98737EFFABFFD43DC563CCC0C390E3" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,1138]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFABFFD43DC563CCC28790B0" bold="true" box="[197,502,911,937]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C6FFBFFABFFD43F0663D3C13D90B3" box="[518,588,912,938]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[354,1220,1194,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[354,1222,1194,1847]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Distribution map of Crenicichla zebrina n. sp. lower Ventuari River, Amazonas State, Venezuela." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183556/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2708FDFFABFFD43F6363D3C03A90B0" box="[611,843,912,937]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Crenicichla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zebrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFABFFD43F6363D3C03A90B0" box="[611,843,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Crenicichla zebrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from the Ventuari River, the largest Venezuelan tributary of the upper Orinoco River basin. The only two known specimens were collected in rocky habitat about
|
||
<quantity id="4CDFDE9BFFABFFD43C8063A3C2DC90E3" box="[384,429,992,1018]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
deep, in clear water with bedrock substrate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33D20F5FFABFFD43DC56444C288976B" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98737EFFABFFD43DC56444C288976B" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,1138]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFABFFD43DC56444C23B9738" bold="true" box="[197,330,1031,1057]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. From the common name
|
||
<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFABFFD43F86644BC1B69738" box="[646,711,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">zebra</emphasis>
|
||
for the striped African equid and the Latin feminine suffix –
|
||
<emphasis id="B953AF6CFFABFFD43D976473C3CD9750" box="[151,188,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">ina</emphasis>
|
||
, referring to the zebra-like pattern of vertical dark bars in the caudal region of the body. To be regarded as an adjective in feminine form.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |