300 lines
34 KiB
XML
300 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="62E194C2278251915E9C242A8844BBBF" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5175660" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5175660" ID-ZooBank="7A36CC95-71CD-42F0-A746-F1AC883A9E08" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628341629607" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="F, Guillermo González, Bermúdez, Rodrigo López & Kondo, Takumasa" docDate="2012" docId="038287F3FFD1FFA1FF24FBD2AD72FA48" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.0268.1-6.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2012 (268)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC.3:InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleId="6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Delphastus quinculus Gordon" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="3" masterDocId="FFBBFF8BFFD2FFA5FFE4FFB3AE38FFD6" masterDocTitle="First report of Delphastus quinculus Gordon and Diomus seminulus (Mulsant) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) feeding on eggs and first-instar nymphs of Crypticerya multicicatrices Kondo and Unruh (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae)" masterLastPageNumber="6" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1699045661740" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:title id="3D9BACAC3EF0C6383320D6EEFD1595FA">First report of Delphastus quinculus Gordon and Diomus seminulus (Mulsant) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) feeding on eggs and first-instar nymphs of Crypticerya multicicatrices Kondo and Unruh (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D6613857B2830726C9E886F2AE35D717">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4B2282B97EC8327065F6A42217C43E98">F, Guillermo González</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E5660FA3C0F407B41C13C4A75F86FC87">Bermúdez, Rodrigo López</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="216B1C7786798156623761618B591E07">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="AB2CEFEAA2E8670ED8D1D9E700BA5A61">Kondo, Takumasa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9519501F02E8AC2B6FB05B810AA937F0">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="454ECB0E99901F802C723DE7E07C7FD9">
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<mods:date id="0722E1D9C75C2AF278ABE88FE087E62F">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1082D0E3E0E60627C1C0796943FADE1A">2012-12-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BF056937400000B6CBE577EE9CCC640A">2012</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="473293EEB45BE168780DB706C433F3D8">268</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="A2D71A39F1B685AB40701798A98A9608" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5175660</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038287F3FFD1FFA1FF24FBD2AD72FA48" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038287F3FFD1FFA1FF24FBD2AD72FA48" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038287F3FFD1FFA1FF24FBD2AD72FA48" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection id="C331656EFFD1FFA6FF24FBD2ACD9FBAF" box="[192,737,1121,1145]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD1FFA6FF24FBD2ACD9FBAF" blockId="3.[192,737,1121,1145]" box="[192,737,1121,1145]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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<heading id="D0DC8189FFD1FFA6FF24FBD2ACD9FBAF" bold="true" box="[192,737,1121,1145]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD1FFA6FF24FBD2ACD9FBAF" bold="true" box="[192,737,1121,1145]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD1FFA6FF24FBD2AC65FBAF" authority="Gordon" authorityName="Gordon" box="[192,605,1121,1145]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Delphastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quinculus">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD1FFA6FF24FBD2AFD4FBAF" bold="true" box="[192,492,1121,1145]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Delphastus quinculus</emphasis>
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Gordon
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13102A60FFD1FFA6FD89FBD2ACE1FBAF" box="[621,729,1121,1145]" captionStart-0="Figure 1" captionStart-1="Figure 2" captionStartId-0="4.[191,275,912,934]" captionStartId-1="5.[193,280,647,669]" captionTargetBox-0="[212,1429,210,894]" captionTargetBox-1="[192,816,192,632]" captionTargetId-0="figure-338@4.[192,1440,192,900]" captionTargetId-1="figure-595@5.[192,816,192,632]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="Figure 1. Delphastus quinculus Gordon. A–D: habitus; E: abdomen (ventral view); F–G: male sipho; H–K: male tegmen; L: female coxites; M–N: female spermatheca. Photos by G. González." captionText-1="Figure 2. Delphastus quinculus Gordon (see arrow) Known hosts. Tetranychus sp. (Acari: Tetranych- feeding on eggs inside ovisac of Crypticerya multicicatrices idae) and Aleurodicus cocois (Curtis) (Hemiptera: Kondo and Unruh. Notice that the coccinellid has eaten Aleyrodidae) on banana and plantain; Lepidosapart of the wax of the ovisac in order to get access to the phes beckii (Newman) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), eggs that are held inside it. Photo by R. López Bermúdez. Aphis spiraecola Patch and Toxoptera aurantii" figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5175662" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5175664" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5175662/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5175664/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Fig. 1–2</figureCitation>
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||
)
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C331656EFFD1FFA6FF24FB11AC8AFB6C" box="[192,690,1186,1210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD1FFA6FF24FB11AC8AFB6C" blockId="3.[192,690,1186,1210]" box="[192,690,1186,1210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3B11CBFFD1FFA6FF24FB11AC8AFB6C" box="[192,690,1186,1210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8A10F4FFD1FFA6FF24FB11AC96FB6C" author="Gordon, R. D." box="[192,686,1186,1210]" page="120" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" year="1994">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD1FFA6FF24FB11AC96FB6C" authority="Gordon 1994: 120" authorityName="Gordon" authorityPageNumber="120" authorityYear="1994" box="[192,686,1186,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Delphastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quinculus">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD1FFA6FF24FB11AFF2FB6C" box="[192,458,1186,1210]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Delphastus quinculus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD1FFA6FE36FB11AC96FB6C" author="Gordon, R. D." box="[466,686,1186,1210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" pagination="71 - 133" refId="ref3744" refString="Gordon, R. D. 1994. South American Coccinellidae. Part. III. Taxonomic revision of the Western Hemisphere genus Delphastus Casey. Frustula Entomologica 17: 71 - 133." type="journal article" year="1994">Gordon 1994: 120</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C331656EFFD1FFA1FF24FB52AC51FBA8" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD1FFA6FF24FB52AB99FA8C" blockId="3.[192,1441,1249,1370]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD1FFA6FF24FB52AF96FB2F" bold="true" box="[192,430,1249,1273]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Material studied.</emphasis>
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(N=8).
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<materialsCitation id="3B433CB8FFD1FFA6FDEEFB52AFA3FA8C" collectingDate="2010-07-28" collectorName="Rodrigo Lopez B." country="Colombia" county="Palmira" elevation="1004" latitude="3.5094445" location="Palmira Research Station" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.31722" municipality="Corpoica" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-adult="3" stateProvince="Valle del Cauca">
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||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD1FFA6FDEEFB52ACAEFB2F" bold="true" box="[522,662,1249,1273]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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<collectingCountry id="F33C7675FFD1FFA6FDEEFB52ACA8FB2F" box="[522,656,1249,1273]" name="Colombia" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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:
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</emphasis>
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||
<collectingRegion id="49EFF807FFD1FFA6FD79FB51AD59FB2C" box="[669,865,1250,1274]" country="Colombia" name="Valle del Cauca" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Valle del Cauca</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="62F54E69FFD1FFA6FC89FB51ADECFB2C" box="[877,980,1250,1274]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Palmira</collectingCounty>
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,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF0AC9FFFD1FFA6FC04FB51AA77FB2C" box="[992,1103,1250,1274]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Corpoica</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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||
<location id="8EF4603EFFD1FFA6FBBFFB51ABA3FB2C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038287F3FFD1FFA1FF24FBD2AD72FA48:8EF4603EFFD1FFA6FBBFFB51ABA3FB2C" box="[1115,1435,1250,1274]" country="Colombia" county="Palmira" latitude="3.5094445" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.31722" municipality="Corpoica" name="Palmira Research Station" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" stateProvince="Valle del Cauca">Palmira Research Station</location>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1F5022FFD1FFA6FF24FAB1AF72FACC" box="[192,330,1282,1306]" degrees="03" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" precision="15" seconds="34" value="3.5094445">03°30’34”N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE1F5022FFD1FFA6FEB7FAB2AFDAFACF" box="[339,482,1281,1305]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" precision="15" seconds="02" value="-76.31722">76°19’02”W</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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<elevation id="0006D1D6FFD1FFA6FE0FFAB1ACB9FACC" box="[491,641,1282,1306]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.004" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="1004.0">
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<quantity id="4CD39B00FFD1FFA6FE0FFAB1AC7BFACF" box="[491,579,1282,1306]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.004" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="1004.0">1004 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.
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</elevation>
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,
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<date id="FF951025FFD1FFA6FD68FAB1AD2BFACC" box="[652,787,1282,1306]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" value="2010-07-28">
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<collectingDate id="EFD1E9CDFFD1FFA6FD68FAB1AD2BFACC" box="[652,787,1282,1306]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" value="2010-07-28">28.vii.2010</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, coll.
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<collectorName id="26DE5333FFD1FFA6FCB7FAB1AA27FACF" box="[851,1055,1282,1306]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Rodrigo López B.</collectorName>
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, ex. feeding on eggs and nymphs inside ovisac of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD1FFA6FE98FA91ACFBFAEC" box="[380,707,1314,1338]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Crypticerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multicicatrices">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD1FFA6FE98FA91ACFBFAEC" box="[380,707,1314,1338]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Crypticerya multicicatrices</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, on undetermined palm, 3 dissected specimens (
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<specimenCount id="9D2DFD6CFFD1FFA6FAEFFA91AB66FAEC" box="[1291,1374,1314,1338]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
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male +
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<specimenCount id="9D2DFD6CFFD1FFA6FF32FAF1AF13FA8C" box="[214,299,1346,1370]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
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females)
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="3B433CB8FFD1FFA6FE41FAF1ABA5FA8C" box="[421,1437,1346,1370]" collectionCode="CPGG, ECCP" country="Colombia" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
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and 3 not dissected specimens (
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||
<collectionCode id="ED3AAE20FFD1FFA6FCF9FAF1AD49FA8C" box="[797,881,1346,1370]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">CPGG</collectionCode>
|
||
).
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||
<specimenCount id="9D2DFD6CFFD1FFA6FC65FAF1ADEAFA8C" box="[897,978,1346,1370]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="male">2 male</specimenCount>
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||
voucher specimens in alcohol (
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||
<collectionCode id="ED3AAE20FFD1FFA6FAA0FAF1ABACFA8C" box="[1348,1428,1346,1370]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">ECCP</collectionCode>
|
||
)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD1FFA6FF24FA32AB68F9EC" blockId="3.[192,1440,1409,1594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
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||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD1FFA6FF24FA32AF80FA4C" bold="true" box="[192,440,1409,1434]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">General Features.</emphasis>
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Length 1.3 to 1.4 mm. Oval, shiny, dark brown to black in color. Prosternum, legs and abdomen reddish brown. Pronotal punctuation large and conspicuous, elytral punctuation very hard to see. Examination of the genitalia (of males and/or females) is needed for a correct identification, since in
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<collectingCountry id="F33C7675FFD1FFA6FE80FA51AFE0FA2C" box="[356,472,1506,1530]" name="Colombia" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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there are 5 species in this genus, all with very similar external morphology. In females, apex of spermatheca with a row of 5 to 8 spicules. In males, genitalia are characterized by a long, slender, basal lobe and short parameres, which are narrow in lateral view (
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD1FFA6FB45F991AB7BF9EC" author="Gordon, R. D." box="[1185,1347,1570,1594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" pagination="71 - 133" refId="ref3744" refString="Gordon, R. D. 1994. South American Coccinellidae. Part. III. Taxonomic revision of the Western Hemisphere genus Delphastus Casey. Frustula Entomologica 17: 71 - 133." type="journal article" year="1994">Gordon 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD1FFA6FF24F9D1AF86F90C" blockId="3.[192,1440,1634,1754]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD1FFA6FF24F9D1AF46F9AC" bold="true" box="[192,382,1634,1658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Known hosts.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD1FFA6FE6DF9D1ADF1F9AC" authority="Ashby" authorityName="Ashby" authorityYear="1915" box="[393,969,1634,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleurocanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="woglumi">
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||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD1FFA6FE6DF9D1AC89F9AC" box="[393,689,1634,1658]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Aleurocanthus woglumi</emphasis>
|
||
Ashby (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD1FFA6FCF9F9D1ADF9F9AC" author="Gordon, R. D." box="[797,961,1634,1658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" pagination="71 - 133" refId="ref3744" refString="Gordon, R. D. 1994. South American Coccinellidae. Part. III. Taxonomic revision of the Western Hemisphere genus Delphastus Casey. Frustula Entomologica 17: 71 - 133." type="journal article" year="1994">Gordon 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD1FFA6FC39F9D1AA5FF9AC" box="[989,1127,1634,1658]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD1FFA6FB92F9D1AB36F9AC" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1840" box="[1142,1294,1634,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aleyrodidae</taxonomicName>
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||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD1FFA6FAC1F9D1AFF3F94C" authority="(Signoret)" authorityName="Coccoidea" baseAuthorityName="Signoret" baseAuthorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Pinnaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspidistrae">
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||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD1FFA6FAC1F9D1AF71F94C" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Pinnaspis aspidistrae</emphasis>
|
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(Signoret)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD1FFA6FDEDF931AD55F94C" authority="(Cooley)" baseAuthorityName="Cooley" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[521,877,1666,1690]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Pinnaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strachani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD1FFA6FDEDF931AD39F94C" box="[521,769,1666,1690]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Pinnaspis strachani</emphasis>
|
||
(Cooley)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD1FFA6FC99F931AA3FF94C" box="[893,1031,1666,1690]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD1FFA6FBF6F931AA9EF94C" box="[1042,1190,1666,1690]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Diaspididae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) at a lemon orchard (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD1FFA6FF2CF911AFDFF96C" author="Miro, J. J. & P. S. Castillo" box="[200,487,1698,1722]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" pagination="21 - 29" refId="ref4159" refString="Miro, J. J., and P. S. Castillo. 2010. Especies de " mariquitas " (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) en los frutales de Tumbes. Revista Peruana de Entomologia 46: 21 - 29." type="journal article" year="2010">Miró and Castillo 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD1FFA6FDD5F911AA59F96C" authority="Kondo and Unruh" authorityName="Kondo and Unruh" box="[561,1121,1698,1722]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Crypticerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multicicatrices">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD1FFA6FDD5F911AD44F96C" box="[561,892,1698,1722]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Crypticerya multicicatrices</emphasis>
|
||
Kondo and Unruh
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD1FFA6FB96F911AAC4F96C" box="[1138,1276,1698,1722]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Monophlebi- dae) (present study).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD1FFA1FF24F8B1AC51FBA8" blockId="3.[192,1440,1794,1914]" lastBlockId="4.[192,1440,998,1151]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD1FFA6FF24F8B1AF31F8CC" bold="true" box="[192,265,1794,1818]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Note.</emphasis>
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD1FFA6FE4BF8B1ACAAF8CC" author="Reyes Bello, J. C. & F. G. Gonzalez & Kondo, T." box="[431,658,1794,1818]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" pagination="15 - 19" refId="ref4723" refString="Reyes Bello, J. C., F. G. Gonzalez, and Kondo, T. 2010. First record of the Spider Mite Predator, Stethorus tridens Gordon (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) preying upon the red avocado mite, Olygonychus yothersi McGregor (Acari: Tetranychidae). Boletin del Museo de Entomologia de la Universidad del Valle 11 (2): 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="2010">Reyes et al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, studies conducted on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD1FFA6FC40F8B1AA92F8CC" authority="(LeConte)" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" box="[932,1194,1794,1818]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Delphastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD1FFA6FC40F8B1AA11F8CC" box="[932,1065,1794,1818]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">D. pusillus</emphasis>
|
||
(LeConte)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD1FFA6FB31F8B1AB98F8CF" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1237,1440,1794,1817]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Trialeurodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaporariorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD1FFA6FB31F8B1AB98F8CF" box="[1237,1440,1794,1817]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">T. vaporariorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD1FFA6FF00F891AFF6F8EF" author="Garcia, J. & E. R. Benitez & A. Lopez" box="[228,462,1825,1850]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" pagination="155 - 160" refId="ref3617" refString="Garcia, J., E. R. Benitez, and A. Lopez. 2005. Tabla de vida de Delphastus pusillus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) en la mosca blanca Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Revista Colombiana de Entomologia 31 (2): 155 - 160." type="journal article" year="2005">Garcia et al. (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD1FFA6FDEEF891ACDFF8EC" author="Perez, R. & J. Garcia & A. M. Cotes" box="[522,743,1826,1850]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" pagination="176 - 181" refId="ref4674" refString="Perez, R., J. Garcia, and A. M. Cotes. 2008. Efecto de un bioplaguicida sobre la actividad depreda- dora de Delphastus pusillus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Revista Colombiana de Entomologia 34 (2): 176 - 181." type="journal article" year="2008">Perez et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are misidentifications of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD1FFA6FBF9F891AA81F8EC" box="[1053,1209,1826,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Delphastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quinculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD1FFA6FBF9F891AA81F8EC" box="[1053,1209,1826,1850]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">D. quinculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Until the work by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD1FFA6FF24F8F1AF57F88C" author="Gordon, R. D." box="[192,367,1858,1882]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" pagination="71 - 133" refId="ref3744" refString="Gordon, R. D. 1994. South American Coccinellidae. Part. III. Taxonomic revision of the Western Hemisphere genus Delphastus Casey. Frustula Entomologica 17: 71 - 133." type="journal article" year="1994">Gordon (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, species with glabrous, shiny elytra and an elongate tegmen were commonly misidentified as the North American species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD1FFA6FDA5F8D1ACFDF8AC" box="[577,709,1890,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Delphastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD1FFA6FDA5F8D1ACFDF8AC" box="[577,709,1890,1914]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">D. pusillus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which does not occur in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7675FFD1FFA6FC16F8D1AA51F8AC" box="[1010,1129,1890,1914]" name="Colombia" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and this trend continued because of unfamiliarity with Gordon’s work. Through the examination of female genitalia,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD6FFA1FAA1FC55AF35FBC8" author="Gordon, R. D." pageId="4" pageNumber="3" pagination="71 - 133" refId="ref3744" refString="Gordon, R. D. 1994. South American Coccinellidae. Part. III. Taxonomic revision of the Western Hemisphere genus Delphastus Casey. Frustula Entomologica 17: 71 - 133." type="journal article" year="1994">Gordon (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
discovered the presence of multiple species with similar morphology, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD6FFA1FB1EFBB4ABA0FBC8" box="[1274,1432,1030,1054]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Delphastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quinculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FB1EFBB4ABA0FBC8" box="[1274,1432,1030,1054]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">D. quinculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Thus, the species identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD6FFA1FDA5FB94ACF0FBE8" box="[577,712,1062,1086]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Delphastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FDA5FB94ACF0FBE8" box="[577,712,1062,1086]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">D. pusillus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7675FFD6FFA1FD16FB95AD5EFBE8" box="[754,870,1062,1086]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
could correspond either to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD6FFA1FB5FFB94AB61FBE8" box="[1211,1369,1062,1086]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Delphastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quinculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FB5FFB94AB61FBE8" box="[1211,1369,1062,1086]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">D. quinculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD6FFA1FA60FB94AC2CFB88" authority="Nunenmacher" authorityName="Nunenmacher" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Delphastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argentinicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FA60FB94AF61FB88" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">D. argentinicus</emphasis>
|
||
Nunenmacher
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which are species that are very hard to distinguish by external morphol- ogy or on the male genitalia alone.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF54666DFFD6FFA1FF5BFC23AA21FC15" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5175662" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5175662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5175662/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" startId="4.[191,275,912,934]" targetBox="[212,1429,210,894]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD6FFA1FF5BFC23AA21FC15" blockId="4.[191,1440,912,963]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FF5BFC23AF16FC73" bold="true" box="[191,302,912,934]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||
D
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FEACFC23AF89FC73" box="[328,433,912,933]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">elphastus</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD6FFA1FE5CFC23AC98FC73" authority="Gordon. A" authorityName="Gordon. A" box="[440,672,912,934]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Delphastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quinculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FE5CFC23AC1DFC73" box="[440,549,912,933]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">quinculus</emphasis>
|
||
Gordon.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FD69FC23AC98FC73" bold="true" box="[653,672,912,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">A</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FD44FC23ACFEFC73" bold="true" box="[672,710,912,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">–D:</emphasis>
|
||
habitus;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FCCBFC23AD7FFC73" bold="true" box="[815,839,912,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">E:</emphasis>
|
||
abdomen (ventral view);
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FB86FC23AAA3FC70" bold="true" box="[1122,1179,912,934]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">F–G:</emphasis>
|
||
male sipho;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FACCFC23AB5BFC73" bold="true" box="[1320,1379,912,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">H–K:</emphasis>
|
||
male tegmen;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FEC4FC1EAF0FFC14" bold="true" box="[288,311,941,962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">L:</emphasis>
|
||
female coxites;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FE0CFC1EAC1FFC14" bold="true" box="[488,551,941,962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">M–N:</emphasis>
|
||
female spermatheca. Photos by G. González.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331656EFFD6FFA1FF24FB15AAFFFB68" box="[192,1223,1190,1214]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD6FFA1FF24FB15AAFFFB68" blockId="4.[192,1223,1190,1214]" box="[192,1223,1190,1214]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FF24FB15AF4CFB68" bold="true" box="[192,372,1190,1214]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7675FFD6FFA1FE9FFB15AFCAFB68" box="[379,498,1190,1214]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7675FFD6FFA1FE1AFB15AC7AFB68" box="[510,578,1190,1214]" name="Cuba" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7675FFD6FFA1FDAAFB15AC80FB68" box="[590,696,1190,1214]" name="Ecuador" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7675FFD6FFA1FD20FB14AD3AFB68" box="[708,770,1191,1214]" name="Peru" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7675FFD6FFA1FCEAFB15AD45FB68" box="[782,893,1190,1214]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7675FFD6FFA1FC6DFB15AA31FB68" box="[905,1033,1190,1214]" name="Venezuela" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD6FFA1FBFCFB15AA82FB68" author="Gordon, R. D." box="[1048,1210,1190,1214]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" pagination="71 - 133" refId="ref3744" refString="Gordon, R. D. 1994. South American Coccinellidae. Part. III. Taxonomic revision of the Western Hemisphere genus Delphastus Casey. Frustula Entomologica 17: 71 - 133." type="journal article" year="1994">Gordon 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331656EFFD6FFA1FF24FB55AD72FA48" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD6FFA1FF24FB55AD72FA48" blockId="4.[192,1441,1254,1438]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FF24FB55AF17FB28" bold="true" box="[192,303,1254,1278]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Members of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD6FFA1FDD9FB55ACFCFB28" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1899" box="[573,708,1254,1278]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Delphastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FDD9FB55ACFCFB28" box="[573,708,1254,1278]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Delphastus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are known to prey upon whiteflies (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD6FFA1FB83FB55AAC2FB28" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1840" box="[1127,1274,1254,1278]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aleyrodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and armored scales (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD6FFA1FEFCFAB5AF95FAC8" box="[280,429,1286,1310]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Diaspididae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD6FFA1FE27FAB5AC5CFAC8" author="Gordon" box="[451,612,1286,1310]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 912" refId="ref3710" refString="Gordon R. D. 1985. The Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) of America north of Mexico. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 93 (1): 1 - 912." type="journal article" year="1985">Gordon 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the present study, we found individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD6FFA1FB44FAB4AB03FAC8" box="[1184,1339,1286,1310]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Delphastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quinculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FB44FAB4AB03FAC8" box="[1184,1339,1286,1310]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">D. quinculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
preying upon eggs and first-instar nymphs of the MFS (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD6FFA1FCECFA95ADF2FAE8" box="[776,970,1318,1342]" class="Insecta" family="Monophlebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Monophlebidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). In order to reach the eggs and newly hatched first-instar nymphs of the MFS, the adult beetles eat through the ovisac of the adult female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A60FFD6FFA1FF2DFAD5AF2AFAA8" box="[201,274,1382,1406]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[193,280,647,669]" captionTargetBox="[192,816,192,632]" captionTargetId="figure-595@5.[192,816,192,632]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Delphastus quinculus Gordon (see arrow) Known hosts. Tetranychus sp. (Acari: Tetranych- feeding on eggs inside ovisac of Crypticerya multicicatrices idae) and Aleurodicus cocois (Curtis) (Hemiptera: Kondo and Unruh. Notice that the coccinellid has eaten Aleyrodidae) on banana and plantain; Lepidosapart of the wax of the ovisac in order to get access to the phes beckii (Newman) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), eggs that are held inside it. Photo by R. López Bermúdez. Aphis spiraecola Patch and Toxoptera aurantii" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5175664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5175664/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sometimes several beetles were found within one ovisac. A second species of coccinellid also was found within the ovisacs of the MFS (see below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |