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95 lines
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<document id="C4B145DCEE52AAC0DA62CE667F03FC79" ID-CLB-Dataset="21113" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2015.1010314" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ca129d49-fcde-4104-a503-4602b3bac0e2" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4001803" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1598449661740" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Rotheray, Graham & Lyszkowski, Richard" docDate="2015" docId="03F4879DFF80506E92FAB62FFDE05F04" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.49.35-36.2139-2211.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 49 (35)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:210803DF447D5DCB84349979EDD3507F.6:JNatHist.2013-2015.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="210803DF447D5DCB84349979EDD3507F" docStyleName="JNatHist.2013-2015.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Polyporivora picta" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="2148" masterDocId="FFCDFFE5FF8850659354B35BFFD15A01" masterDocTitle="Diverse mechanisms of feeding and movement in Cyclorrhaphan larvae (Diptera)" masterLastPageNumber="2211" masterPageNumber="2139" pageNumber="2147" updateTime="1698845480682" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="7CFE0DBED1C00B5FBEAB6657210313B7">
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<mods:title id="6AB3E279CC098D7751B190F743761BFE">Diverse mechanisms of feeding and movement in Cyclorrhaphan larvae (Diptera)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="368DDFBC98D1CCCACEC0543327836F13" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="BE400D3F824F7709A146AF9BF5170904">Rotheray, Graham</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="60C04DBD6A7D70BFF45B173018418510">Lyszkowski, Richard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F46D19B3789957DF8F6BA37DDF2A081D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="5D91AE93A68861EC2979F90FFE97DAC6">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="5524F87CD4D15F388982C50132E4D1D7">
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<mods:date id="E1A5B1C0C91875ECD6A98B6D6C39EFBC">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="0155E50FED8C1B04A5AA82E27A0D8FE3" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="A20125E8CE87A5F25D8327478859BDB0">2015-02-28</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="BF0277B16F1D59A6D15856C757EB2755" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="3C70F6EEE055142A0D6DEDE3B312406F">49</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6F541FB11ACD5551345EC0FB9623D268">35</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="99D350ECA3007FBCBE9DB7C3DF9F37D1">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6E1DF4A34B1C1D4DD4A7557317662E2A" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2015.1010314</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F4879DFF80506E92FAB62FFDE05F04" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4330142" ID-GBIF-Taxon="167366673" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4330142" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F4879DFF80506E92FAB62FFDE05F04" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4879DFF80506E92FAB62FFDE05F04" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="2148" pageId="8" pageNumber="2147">
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<subSubSection id="C3476500FF80506D92FAB62FFC685F8A" box="[430,953,1395,1420]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2147" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE2368BFF80506D92FAB62FFC685F8A" blockId="8.[430,953,1395,1420]" box="[430,953,1395,1420]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2147">
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<heading id="D0AA81E7FF80506D92FAB62FFC685F8A" box="[430,953,1395,1420]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="2147" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B929EA99FF80506D92FAB62FFDE85F8D" box="[430,569,1396,1420]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2147">Mycophagy:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D08FF80506D9116B62FFC685F8A" ID-CoL="4LHN5" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[578,953,1395,1420]" class="Insecta" family="Platypezidae" genus="Polyporivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="2147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="picta">
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<emphasis id="B929EA99FF80506D9116B62FFCC05F8A" box="[578,785,1396,1420]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2147">Polyporivora picta</emphasis>
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(Platypezidae)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3476500FF80506E9380B6E8FDE05F04" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="2150" pageId="8" pageNumber="2147" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE2368BFF80506C9380B6E8FDAC5FD6" blockId="8.[212,1172,1459,1674]" lastBlockId="9.[144,1104,1279,1687]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="2148" pageId="8" pageNumber="2147">
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This larva excavates tunnels through fruiting bodies of the fungus,
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D08FF80506D9084B6EFFF235FEA" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Polyporaceae" genus="Trametes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" order="Polyporales" pageId="8" pageNumber="2147" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="versicolor">
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<emphasis id="B929EA99FF80506D9084B6EFFF235FEA" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2147">Trametes versicolor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(L.) Lloyd (
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D08FF80506D9229B688FDC75FEA" box="[381,534,1491,1515]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Polyporaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" order="Polyporales" pageId="8" pageNumber="2147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Polyporaceae</taxonomicName>
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) where access is restricted+++ (
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<tableCitation id="C6DF0330FF80506D90D5B688FC075FEA" box="[897,982,1491,1515]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[130,188,479,501]" captionText="Table 1. Details of the 20 species of cyclorrhaphan Diptera studied in this paper, including development sites and collection details." pageId="8" pageNumber="2147">Table 1</tableCitation>
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). Rear compartment segments, anal segment to the metathorax, are subcyclindrical in cross-section and coated in transverse rows of spicules (
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<figureCitation id="13662A0EFF80506D91FFB548FCD85C2A" box="[683,777,1555,1579]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[212,279,808,830]" captionTargetBox="[212,1171,168,776]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[212,1172,168,776]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Polyporivora picta, preserved puparium, lateral view, head to the right, length 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4001813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4001813/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="2147">Figure 5</figureCitation>
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). Segments of the middle compartment, mesothorax to the pseudocephalon, are wedge-shaped. Pseudocephalon is retractile and small, only about two thirds as high, half as long and less than half as wide as the prothorax. From the ventral margin of the pseudocephalon extends an elongate, sclerotised, oral plate, nearly as long as the head skeleton (
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<figureCitation id="13662A0EFF81506C90CCB7A4FBDD5F16" box="[920,1036,1279,1303]" captionStart="Figures 6" captionStartId="10.[212,288,1305,1327]" captionTargetBox="[212,1172,921,1273]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[212,1173,920,1273]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 6. Polyporivora picta, head skeleton from a puparium. (A) Lateral view, labial teeth to the right, length 0.6 mm; (B) apical view of labial teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4001815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4001815/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="2148">Figure 6A</figureCitation>
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). The front compartment is the retractile head skeleton which lacks cibarial ridges. Apically, it has three pairs of conspicuous labial teeth (
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<figureCitation id="13662A0EFF81506C91AAB664FCB65F56" box="[766,871,1343,1367]" captionStart="Figures 6" captionStartId="10.[212,288,1305,1327]" captionTargetBox="[212,1172,921,1273]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[212,1173,920,1273]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 6. Polyporivora picta, head skeleton from a puparium. (A) Lateral view, labial teeth to the right, length 0.6 mm; (B) apical view of labial teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4001815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4001815/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="2148">Figures 6</figureCitation>
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and
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<figureCitation id="13662A0EFF81506C90F5B61BFC7F5F56" box="[929,942,1344,1367]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="11.[144,211,1101,1123]" captionTargetBox="[144,1104,168,1066]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[144,1104,168,1069]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 7. Polyporivora picta, labial teeth and mandible with serrated margin outside the upper two labial teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4001817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4001817/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="2148">7</figureCitation>
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). A gap exists between the rows of teeth (
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<figureCitation id="13662A0EFF81506C9298B604FDEE5F76" box="[460,575,1375,1399]" captionStart="Figures 6" captionStartId="10.[212,288,1305,1327]" captionTargetBox="[212,1172,921,1273]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[212,1173,920,1273]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 6. Polyporivora picta, head skeleton from a puparium. (A) Lateral view, labial teeth to the right, length 0.6 mm; (B) apical view of labial teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4001815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4001815/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="2148">Figure 6B</figureCitation>
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) and on either side of the upper two pairs of teeth are the poorly sclerotised, transluscent mandibles, which articulate with the labium posteriorly and have a serrated apical margin (
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<figureCitation id="13662A0EFF81506C91AEB6C4FC8B5FB6" box="[762,858,1439,1463]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="11.[144,211,1101,1123]" captionTargetBox="[144,1104,168,1066]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[144,1104,168,1069]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 7. Polyporivora picta, labial teeth and mandible with serrated margin outside the upper two labial teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4001817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4001817/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="2148">Figure 7</figureCitation>
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). The entrance to the pharynx is between the upper pair of teeth.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF226603FF81506C93C4B706FC565EAC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4001811" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4001811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4001811/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="2148" startId="9.[144,220,1117,1139]" targetBox="[144,1104,168,1085]" targetPageId="9">
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<paragraph id="8BE2368BFF81506C93C4B706FC565EAC" blockId="9.[144,1104,1117,1197]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2148">
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Figures 4.
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D08FF81506C9257B706FE6A5E73" authorityName="Panzer" authorityYear="1809" box="[259,443,1117,1138]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchopteridae" genus="Lonchoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutea">
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<emphasis id="B929EA99FF81506C9257B706FE6A5E73" box="[259,443,1117,1138]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2148">Lonchoptera lutea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, feeding on biofilm coating dead wood, stills from Film 2. (A) Pseudocephalon lowered into biofilm; (B) extrudable cones swing round to front of pseudocephalon; (C) pseudocephalon lifted up; (D) limit of pseudocephalon lifting.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BE2368BFF81506E93EEB684FDE05F04" blockId="9.[144,1104,1279,1687]" lastBlockId="11.[144,1104,1229,1285]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="2150" pageId="9" pageNumber="2148">To feed the larva grips the tunnel with the rear compartment and lunges against the face. Lunges consist of the middle compartment contracting and raising and the head skeleton retracting; these actions place the exposed, labial teeth high in the tunnel. Extending and lowering from these contracted states presses the labial teeth into and moves them down across the tunnel face, and the space between the rows of labial teeth fills with loosened and torn fungal hyphae and, if necessary, the mandibles depress to guide them towards the pharynx where they are sucked in by the pump. Ensuring the labial teeth are fully exposed during lunging, the ventral part of the pseudocephalon is pulled backwards and out of the way probably by contraction of muscles attached to the oral plate. Peristaltic waves keep the larva pressed up against the tunnel face. Differential contraction of the lateral margins enables the front end to alter the direction of lunging and to excavate a tunnel wide enough for the body to pass through. Tunnels extend many times body length and curve gently sideways or up or down. They penetrate the fungus in all directions and open out on both the dorsal and ventral surfaces.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |