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<document id="F3359F860F3B7A1922F4C194D2D9352E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5338.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e7148a02-ac1a-4172-9071-606bd1e703fc" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8283738" ID-ZooBank="CAA37212-3008-43F4-98DE-94D7A3FFD3B6" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="karina" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1692955869775" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mu, Yannan &amp; Zhang, Feng" docDate="2023" docId="364E87DE863AFFC25AA6FDADDAD621B7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5338.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5338 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5338.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pennalithus liaoning, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="76" masterDocId="CA77FFA68673FF895A31FFEBD84D203E" masterDocTitle="Further additions to the guardstone spider fauna from China (Araneae: Phrurolithidae)" masterLastPageNumber="104" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="74" updateTime="1720090975140" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="188EFBA9CA8D83803BDE7BF8E560D325">Further additions to the guardstone spider fauna from China (Araneae: Phrurolithidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EEF75D57EAC5E28F04E12E9AACAD6364">Mu, Yannan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B9A4964EAD46ECB18B59A4915598EF45">The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, Institute of Life Science and Green Developed, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, P. R. China &amp; 15188605531 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2504 - 673 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="30CB360F9DDF4AAC698C5B68C30143A1">Zhang, Feng</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="44A63269F9D2CDAF3D63645863BE00C5">The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, Institute of Life Science and Green Developed, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="98157DB73F83BA14B13EE031DF2B1321">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="470FF0922683C879AB2B7810F9901EBA">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="364E87DE863AFFC25AA6FDADDAD621B7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283914" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212459865" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8283914" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:364E87DE863AFFC25AA6FDADDAD621B7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/364E87DE863AFFC25AA6FDADDAD621B7" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<subSubSection id="F6FD6543863AFFC05AA6FDADDAE4225E" box="[151,681,582,609]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="BE5836C8863AFFC05AA6FDADDAE4225E" blockId="73.[151,681,582,645]" box="[151,681,582,609]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<heading id="E51081A4863AFFC05AA6FDADDAE4225E" bold="true" box="[151,681,582,609]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" reason="1">
<emphasis id="8C93EADA863AFFC05AA6FDADDAE4225E" bold="true" box="[151,681,582,609]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<taxonomicName id="79E74D4B863AFFC05AA6FDADD9DB225F" ID-CoL="C7Z8W" authority="Mu &amp; Zhang, 2023" box="[151,406,582,609]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrurolithidae" genus="Pennalithus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liaoning" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8C93EADA863AFFC05AA6FDADD9DB225F" bold="true" box="[151,406,582,609]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Pennalithus liaoning</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="97A057A1863AFFC05BAFFDACD9B6225F" box="[414,507,583,609]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(ỀṪŢRff)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6FD6543863AFFC05AA6FD80D95922BB" box="[151,276,618,645]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="description">
<paragraph id="BE5836C8863AFFC05AA6FD80D95922BB" blockId="73.[151,681,582,645]" box="[151,276,618,645]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<figureCitation id="26DC2A4D863AFFC05AA6FD80D95922BB" box="[151,276,618,645]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 58" captionStart-1="FIGURE 59" captionStart-2="FIGURE 60" captionStartId-0="73.[151,250,1779,1803]" captionStartId-1="74.[151,250,849,873]" captionStartId-2="74.[151,250,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox-0="[161,1426,957,1746]" captionTargetBox-1="[154,1429,314,818]" captionTargetBox-2="[156,1402,974,1739]" captionTargetId-0="figure-293@73.[151,1436,957,1756]" captionTargetId-1="figure-95@74.[151,1436,309,826]" captionTargetId-2="figure-138@74.[151,1435,969,1744]" captionTargetPageId-0="73" captionTargetPageId-1="74" captionTargetPageId-2="74" captionText-0="FIGURE 58. Habitus of Pennalithus liaoning sp. nov.: A. Male holotype, dorsal view; B. Same, ventral view." captionText-1="FIGURE 59. Male left palp of Pennalithus liaoning sp. nov.: A. Prolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Retrolateral view; D. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: E—embolus; FA—femoral apophysis; PTA—prolateral tibial apophysis; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; RvTA—retroventral tibial apophysis; SD—sperm duct; TA—tegular apophysis." captionText-2="FIGURE 60. Male left palp of Pennalithus liaoning sp. nov.: A. Ventral view; B. Retrolateral view; C. Dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283937" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283941" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283943" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8283937/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8283941/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8283943/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Figs 58–60</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6FD6543863AFFC05AA6FD58DCE122CF" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="BE5836C8863AFFC05AA6FD58DCE122CF" blockId="73.[151,1436,690,933]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="8C93EADA863AFFC05AA6FD58D90422F2" bold="true" box="[151,329,690,717]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="0E8F3C95863AFFC05B65FD58DCE122CF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4400675309" collectingDate="2016-07-06" collectorName="Weitong Wang." country="China" county="Huanren Manchu Autonomous County" elevation="360" latitude="41.30995" location="Wu'nv Mountain" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="125.3992" municipality="Benxi City" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Liaoning" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="8C93EADA863AFFC05B65FD58D98C22F3" bold="true" box="[340,449,691,717]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<typeStatus id="615C886A863AFFC05B65FD58D98C22F3" box="[340,449,691,717]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
♁,
<emphasis id="8C93EADA863AFFC05BC3FD59DA1422F2" bold="true" box="[498,601,690,716]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<collectingCountry id="C6F07658863AFFC05BC3FD59DA1922F2" box="[498,596,690,716]" name="China" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CHINA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="8C93EADA863AFFC05855FD58DB7522F2" box="[612,824,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<collectingRegion id="7C23F82A863AFFC05855FD58DB7522F2" box="[612,824,691,716]" country="China" name="Liaoning" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Liaoning Province</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="5E3CACB2863AFFC0597AFD58DB8422F3" box="[843,969,691,717]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Benxi City</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="57394E44863AFFC059E8FD58DDD422F3" box="[985,1433,691,717]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Huanren Manchu Autonomous County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="BB386013863AFFC05AA6FD3CD91522CF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:364E87DE863AFFC25AA6FDADDAD621B7:BB386013863AFFC05AA6FD3CD91522CF" box="[151,344,727,753]" country="China" county="Huanren Manchu Autonomous County" latitude="41.30995" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="125.3992" municipality="Benxi City" name="Wu'nv Mountain" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" stateProvince="Liaoning">Wu’nv Mountain</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="DBD3500F863AFFC05B56FD33D9B422CD" box="[359,505,728,755]" degrees="41" direction="north" minutes="18.597" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="1" value="41.30995">41°18.597′N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DBD3500F863AFFC05834FD33DAEC22CD" box="[517,673,728,755]" degrees="125" direction="east" minutes="23.952" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="1" value="125.3992">125°23.952′E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="35CAD1FB863AFFC0589DFD3CDB6322CF" box="[684,814,727,753]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="360.0">
<quantity id="791F9B2D863AFFC0589DFD3CDABE22CF" box="[684,755,727,753]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="360.0">360 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
),
<date id="CA591008863AFFC05974FD3CDB8922CF" box="[837,964,727,753]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2016-07-06">
<collectingDate id="DA1DE9E0863AFFC05974FD3CDB8922CF" box="[837,964,727,753]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2016-07-06">6 Jul. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="1312531E863AFFC059CEFD3CDCE122CF" box="[1023,1196,727,753]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Weitong Wang.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6FD6543863AFFC05AF6FD10DC30232B" box="[199,1149,763,789]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="BE5836C8863AFFC05AF6FD10DC30232B" blockId="73.[151,1436,690,933]" box="[199,1149,763,789]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="8C93EADA863AFFC05AF6FD10D903232B" bold="true" box="[199,334,763,789]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Etymology.</emphasis>
This specific name is derived from the
<typeStatus id="615C886A863AFFC0593AFD10DB76232B" box="[779,827,763,789]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">type</typeStatus>
locality; noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6FD6543863AFFC05AF6FCF5DACE239B" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="BE5836C8863AFFC05AF6FCF5DACE239B" blockId="73.[151,1436,690,933]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="8C93EADA863AFFC05AF6FCF5D90F2306" bold="true" box="[199,322,798,824]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This new species resembles
<taxonomicName id="79E74D4B863AFFC058ABFCF4DC0B2307" authority="(Song &amp; Zheng, 1992)" baseAuthorityName="Song &amp; Zheng" baseAuthorityYear="1992" box="[666,1094,799,825]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrurolithidae" genus="Pennalithus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendidus">
<emphasis id="8C93EADA863AFFC058ABFCF4DB7C2307" box="[666,817,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">P. splendidus</emphasis>
(Song &amp; Zheng, 1992)
</taxonomicName>
in having a similarly shaped retroventral tibial apophysis, but can be recognized by: 1) the thinner, needle-shaped embolus (vs thick, nubbyshaped, cf.
<figureCitation id="26DC2A4D863AFFC05B29FC8CD93623BF" box="[280,379,870,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 59" captionStartId="74.[151,250,849,873]" captionTargetBox="[154,1429,314,818]" captionTargetId="figure-95@74.[151,1436,309,826]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURE 59. Male left palp of Pennalithus liaoning sp. nov.: A. Prolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Retrolateral view; D. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: E—embolus; FA—femoral apophysis; PTA—prolateral tibial apophysis; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; RvTA—retroventral tibial apophysis; SD—sperm duct; TA—tegular apophysis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283941/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 59C</figureCitation>
and fig. 3H in
<bibRefCitation id="DA764B39863AFFC05818FC8CDA9423BF" author="Kamura, T." box="[553,729,871,897]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="117 - 130" refId="ref41465" refString="Kamura, T. (2021) Three new genera of the family Phrurolithidae (Araneae) from East Asia. Acta Arachnologica, 70, 117 - 130. https: // doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 70.117" type="journal article" year="2021">Kamura [2021]</bibRefCitation>
), and 2) the shorter, rod-like tegular apophysis (vs arc-shaped, cf.
<figureCitation id="26DC2A4D863AFFC05A8AFC60D950239B" box="[187,285,906,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 59" captionStartId="74.[151,250,849,873]" captionTargetBox="[154,1429,314,818]" captionTargetId="figure-95@74.[151,1436,309,826]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURE 59. Male left palp of Pennalithus liaoning sp. nov.: A. Prolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Retrolateral view; D. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: E—embolus; FA—femoral apophysis; PTA—prolateral tibial apophysis; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; RvTA—retroventral tibial apophysis; SD—sperm duct; TA—tegular apophysis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283941/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 59C</figureCitation>
and fig. 3K in
<bibRefCitation id="DA764B39863AFFC05BF6FC60DA3B239B" author="Kamura, T." box="[455,630,907,933]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="117 - 130" refId="ref41465" refString="Kamura, T. (2021) Three new genera of the family Phrurolithidae (Araneae) from East Asia. Acta Arachnologica, 70, 117 - 130. https: // doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 70.117" type="journal article" year="2021">Kamura [2021]</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="EA986640863AFFC05AA6F918DCBA2735" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283937" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8283937" box="[151,1271,1779,1803]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283937/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" startId="73.[151,250,1779,1803]" targetBox="[161,1426,957,1746]" targetPageId="73" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="BE5836C8863AFFC05AA6F918DCBA2735" blockId="73.[151,1271,1779,1803]" box="[151,1271,1779,1803]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="8C93EADA863AFFC05AA6F918D96D2735" bold="true" box="[151,288,1779,1803]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">FIGURE 58.</emphasis>
Habitus of
<taxonomicName id="79E74D4B863AFFC05BA6F918DA272735" box="[407,618,1779,1803]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrurolithidae" genus="Pennalithus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liaoning" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8C93EADA863AFFC05BA6F918DA272735" box="[407,618,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Pennalithus liaoning</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="8C93EADA863AFFC05840F918DA8C2735" bold="true" box="[625,705,1779,1803]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="97A057A1863AFFC05840F918DA8C2735" box="[625,705,1779,1803]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="8C93EADA863AFFC058FEF918DAA52735" bold="true" box="[719,744,1779,1803]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">A.</emphasis>
Male holotype, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="8C93EADA863AFFC05E20F918DC652735" bold="true" box="[1041,1064,1779,1803]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">B.</emphasis>
Same, ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="F6FD6543863AFFC25AF6F8B6D9D3215B" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="description">
<paragraph id="BE5836C8863AFFC35AF6F8B6D8E12123" blockId="73.[151,1437,1885,2020]" lastBlockId="74.[151,1437,151,285]" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="8C93EADA863AFFC05AF6F8B6D9142749" bold="true" box="[199,345,1885,1911]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Description.</emphasis>
Male (
<typeStatus id="615C886A863AFFC05B96F8B6DA5B2749" box="[423,534,1885,1911]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
): total length 2.58, carapace 1.23 long, 1.00 wide; abdomen 1.35 long, 0.74 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:AME 0.08, ALE 0.08, PME 0.07, PLE 0.07; AME–AME 0.04, AME–ALE 0.01, ALE– ALE 0.20, PME–PME 0.04, PME–PLE 0.03, PLE–PLE 0.26, ALE–PLE 0.06. EAW 0.37, CRW 0.49, EAW/CRW 0.76, CRW/CW 0.49. MOA 0.22 long, anterior width 0.20, posterior width 0.20.
<collectingCountry id="C6F07658863AFFC05E15F822DC0627DD" box="[1060,1099,1993,2019]" name="Switzerland" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CH</collectingCountry>
0.12,
<collectingCountry id="C6F07658863AFFC05EA3F822DCF527DD" box="[1170,1208,1993,2019]" name="Switzerland" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CH</collectingCountry>
/AME 1.50. Labium 0.13 long, 0.18 wide. Sternum 0.71 long, 0.62 wide. Leg measurements: Ⅰ 4.96 (1.27, 0.44, 1.31, 1.17, 0.77), II 3.84 (1.03, 0.38, 0.89, 0.92, 0.65), III 3.35 (0.90, 0.34, 0.72, 0.86, 0.53), IV 5.57 (1.58, 0.42, 1.32, 1.47, 0.78). Spination: femur I d 2 pl 2, femora II–IV d 1, tibia Ⅰ pv 7 rv 7, tibia II pv 6 rv 5, metatarsus Ⅰ pv 4 rv 4, metatarsus II pv 4 rv 2.
</paragraph>
<caption id="EA9866408639FFC35AA6FCBADC7E238F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283941" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8283941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283941/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" startId="74.[151,250,849,873]" targetBox="[154,1429,314,818]" targetPageId="74" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="BE5836C88639FFC35AA6FCBADC7E238F" blockId="74.[151,1436,849,945]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="8C93EADA8639FFC35AA6FCBAD96F2357" bold="true" box="[151,290,849,873]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">FIGURE 59.</emphasis>
Male left palp of
<taxonomicName id="79E74D4B8639FFC35BD2FCBADAF52357" box="[483,696,849,873]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrurolithidae" genus="Pennalithus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liaoning" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8C93EADA8639FFC35BD2FCBADAF52357" box="[483,696,849,873]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Pennalithus liaoning</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="8C93EADA8639FFC358F0FCBADB592357" bold="true" box="[705,788,849,873]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="97A057A18639FFC358F0FCBADB592357" box="[705,788,849,873]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="8C93EADA8639FFC35915FCBADB712357" bold="true" box="[804,828,849,873]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">A.</emphasis>
Prolateral view;
<emphasis id="8C93EADA8639FFC359C1FCBADC4A2357" bold="true" box="[1008,1031,849,873]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">B.</emphasis>
Ventral view;
<emphasis id="8C93EADA8639FFC35E93FCBADCF72357" bold="true" box="[1186,1210,849,873]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C.</emphasis>
Retrolateral view;
<emphasis id="8C93EADA8639FFC35FB5FCBADDD12357" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,849,873]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D.</emphasis>
Dorsal view. Abbreviations: E—embolus; FA—femoral apophysis; PTA—prolateral tibial apophysis; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; RvTA—retroventral tibial apophysis; SD—sperm duct; TA—tegular apophysis.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="EA9866408639FFC35AA6F903D8A1271D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283943" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8283943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283943/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" startId="74.[151,250,1768,1792]" targetBox="[156,1402,974,1739]" targetPageId="74" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="BE5836C88639FFC35AA6F903D8A1271D" blockId="74.[151,1437,1768,1828]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="8C93EADA8639FFC35AA6F903D952273E" bold="true" box="[151,287,1768,1792]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">FIGURE 60.</emphasis>
Male left palp of
<taxonomicName id="79E74D4B8639FFC35BE3F903DAE8273E" box="[466,677,1768,1792]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrurolithidae" genus="Pennalithus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liaoning" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8C93EADA8639FFC35BE3F903DAE8273E" box="[466,677,1768,1792]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Pennalithus liaoning</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="8C93EADA8639FFC3589AF903DAB6273E" bold="true" box="[683,763,1768,1792]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="97A057A18639FFC3589AF903DAB6273E" box="[683,763,1768,1792]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="8C93EADA8639FFC35939F903DB6C273E" bold="true" box="[776,801,1768,1792]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">A.</emphasis>
Ventral view;
<emphasis id="8C93EADA8639FFC35982F903DB87273E" bold="true" box="[947,970,1768,1792]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">B.</emphasis>
Retrolateral view;
<emphasis id="8C93EADA8639FFC35EBAF903DCE9273E" bold="true" box="[1163,1188,1768,1792]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C.</emphasis>
Dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="BE5836C88639FFC35AF6F89DD9B527E6" blockId="74.[151,1436,1910,2009]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
Coloration. Carapace yellow, oval, radial striae distinct, with sparse iridescent scales in dorsal view. Abdomen darker in color than carapace, with large dorsal scutum covering nearly entire abdomen and sparse iridescent scales dorsally (
<figureCitation id="26DC2A4D8639FFC35B30F855D91827E7" box="[257,341,1982,2009]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="73.[151,250,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,957,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-293@73.[151,1436,957,1756]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="FIGURE 58. Habitus of Pennalithus liaoning sp. nov.: A. Male holotype, dorsal view; B. Same, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283937/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
). Legs yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE5836C88638FFC25AF6FF7CDA64217F" blockId="75.[151,1437,150,393]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
Palp as in
<figureCitation id="26DC2A4D8638FFC25B72FF7CD98B208F" box="[323,454,150,177]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 59" captionStart-1="FIGURE 60" captionStartId-0="74.[151,250,849,873]" captionStartId-1="74.[151,250,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox-0="[154,1429,314,818]" captionTargetBox-1="[156,1402,974,1739]" captionTargetId-0="figure-95@74.[151,1436,309,826]" captionTargetId-1="figure-138@74.[151,1435,969,1744]" captionTargetPageId-0="74" captionTargetPageId-1="74" captionText-0="FIGURE 59. Male left palp of Pennalithus liaoning sp. nov.: A. Prolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Retrolateral view; D. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: E—embolus; FA—femoral apophysis; PTA—prolateral tibial apophysis; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; RvTA—retroventral tibial apophysis; SD—sperm duct; TA—tegular apophysis." captionText-1="FIGURE 60. Male left palp of Pennalithus liaoning sp. nov.: A. Ventral view; B. Retrolateral view; C. Dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283941" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283943" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8283941/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8283943/files/figure.png" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Figs 59–60</figureCitation>
. Femoral apophysis protruding slightly, with several setae. Prolateral tibial apophysis distinct, arch-shaped. Retrolateral tibial apophysis base wide, narrowing abruptly at middle and tip digitiform; retroventral tibial apophysis nearly trapeziform. Tegulum narrower than cymbium, oval; tegular apophysis short rod-like. Sperm duct distinct, stomach-shaped, tapering from retrolateral side of tegulum to embolus. Embolus short, transverse. Conductor absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE5836C88638FFC25AF6FEA0D9D3215B" blockId="75.[151,1437,150,393]" box="[199,414,331,357]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Female. Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6FD65438638FFC25AF6FE85DAD621B7" box="[199,667,366,393]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="BE5836C88638FFC25AF6FE85DAD621B7" blockId="75.[151,1437,150,393]" box="[199,667,366,393]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="8C93EADA8638FFC25AF6FE85D92C21B6" bold="true" box="[199,353,366,392]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="C6F076588638FFC25B56FE84D9E721B7" box="[359,426,367,393]" name="China" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="7C23F82A8638FFC25B88FE84DADD21B7" box="[441,656,367,393]" country="China" name="Liaoning" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Liaoning Province</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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