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<document id="6ACF657C291F76DE2B449205EC6BE0C5" ID-CLB-Dataset="4080" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.522.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="964f53d7-9062-44f4-85ef-fa84e875fa8f" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5560361" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1633932974059" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Madola, Indrakheela, Yakandawala, Deepthi, Yakandawala, Kapila &amp; Karunaratne, Senani" docDate="2021" docId="A57787DBA140FF9CFF18FF301AE7AA00" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.522.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 522 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.522.3.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Lagenandra kalugalensis Madola, D. Yakandawala &amp; K. Yakandawala 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="193" masterDocId="594EFFA3A143FF9AFF90FFC4183FAC34" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Lagenandra (Araceae) from the Wet Zone of Sri Lanka" masterLastPageNumber="199" masterPageNumber="187" pageNumber="190" updateTime="1699459375897" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="EE875E2C3ADFFD05C4CDEC6045D1CE21">Two new species of Lagenandra (Araceae) from the Wet Zone of Sri Lanka</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="98A2225F9715F2445CCE24EB9B3C9050">Madola, Indrakheela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AF2599C89EDE921DF2C96F387B493F2F">Department of Horticulture &amp; Landscape Gardening, Faculty of Agriculture &amp; Plantation Management, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka &amp; indrakheela @ wyb. ac. lk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0528 - 0318</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BB7221ABB1AE1C81745D9973E290183A">Yakandawala, Deepthi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4FA49681365007E45FB6650A027017F6">Department of Botany, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="27EC220F5A0221F2DFADE83B595131E4">Yakandawala, Kapila</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="76002E879A0ECB41291AA09891AB5BC6">Department of Horticulture &amp; Landscape Gardening, Faculty of Agriculture &amp; Plantation Management, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka &amp; kapilay @ wyb. ac. lk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5304 - 4603</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="940EA71127FAD0DC9E54548B2ACB219E">Karunaratne, Senani</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="86EF3A4AC318FB3FD9CE3D1D2B7815E8" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9278-7941</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="DD93D7B83E31A0546DCF375ED74A6299">CSIRO, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia &amp; senani. karunaratne @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9278 - 7941</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="D0C6B27A4DEA184FD30C3A0911908B5B">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="A57787DBA140FF9CFF18FF301AE7AA00" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5562404" ID-GBIF-Taxon="188613542" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5562404" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A57787DBA140FF9CFF18FF301AE7AA00" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A57787DBA140FF9CFF18FF301AE7AA00" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="193" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
<subSubSection id="65C46546A140FF99FF18FF301C98AD3A" box="[136,1191,244,271]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="2D6136CDA140FF99FF18FF301C98AD3A" blockId="3.[136,1191,244,271]" box="[136,1191,244,271]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
<heading id="762981A1A140FF99FF18FF301C98AD3A" bold="true" box="[136,1191,244,271]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="EADE4D4EA140FF99FF18FF301BFFAD3A" ID-CoL="9V6LK" authority="Madola, D.Yakandawala &amp; K.Yakandawala" authorityName="Madola, D. Yakandawala &amp; K. Yakandawala" authorityYear="2021" box="[136,960,244,271]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Lagenandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kalugalensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA140FF99FF18FF301991AD3B" bold="true" box="[136,430,244,271]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Lagenandra kalugalensis</emphasis>
Madola, D.Yakandawala &amp; K.Yakandawala
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA140FF99FC5DFF301C1CAD3A" bold="true" box="[973,1059,244,270]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="049957A4A140FF99FC5DFF301C1CAD3A" box="[973,1059,244,270]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="B5E52A48A140FF99FBA3FF301CA0AD3A" box="[1075,1183,244,270]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="3.[136,229,1989,2011]" captionStartId-1="4.[136,229,1814,1836]" captionStartId-2="5.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox-1="[228,1360,190,1789]" captionTargetBox-2="[179,1403,203,1881]" captionTargetId-0="figure-218@3.[340,1247,655,1965]" captionTargetId-1="figure-28@4.[228,1360,190,1789]" captionTargetId-2="figure-18@5.[179,1408,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Lagenandra kalugalensis; A. Habitat. B and C. Habit." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Lagenandra kalugalensis; A. Leaf, B. and C. Spathe from different angles showing the opening in the limb; note the untwisted spathe and the limb placed 45° angled to the kettle and opening up widely. D. Spathe dissected and opened. E. Kettle with the spadix; note the light maroon/violet smooth longitudinal striations. F. Pistillate flower zone. G. Appendix and staminate flower zone. H. Infructescence and I. Seeds." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Lagenandra kalugalensis; A. Habit. B. Spathe. C. Infructescence and D. Seeds." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5562402" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5560365" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5560367" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5562402/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5560365/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5560367/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Figs. 2–4</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="65C46546A140FF99FF18FE841C1FAE19" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="2D6136CDA140FF99FF18FE841C1FAE19" blockId="3.[136,1452,320,630]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA140FF99FF18FE841C1FAE19" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
The habit of 
<taxonomicName id="EADE4D4EA140FF99FE90FE8419ECAD61" box="[256,467,320,341]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Lagenandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="kalugalensis" subSpecies="differs">L. kalugalensis differs</taxonomicName>
from all other species described to date, both from the leaf shape and orientation of the limb in relation to the kettle. The large, more or less oblong/linear leaf blades with parallel margins are distinct from other species. All other species possess either elliptic, elliptic-ovate, ovate-narrowly ovate, narrowly lanceolate or linear leaves with no parallel margins. The light maroon-violet spathe with un-twisted limb that opens up widely and is placed 45° to the kettle are other distinct features of 
<taxonomicName id="EADE4D4EA140FF99FA08FE681907ADD1" authorityName="Madola, D. Yakandawala &amp; K. Yakandawala" authorityYear="2021" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Lagenandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kalugalensis">L. kalugalensis</taxonomicName>
. Even though limb of 
<taxonomicName id="EADE4D4EA140FF99FD9EFE141A4AADD1" authorityName="Thwaites" authorityYear="1864" baseAuthorityName="Schott" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[526,629,464,485]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Lagenandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koenigii">L. koenigii</taxonomicName>
is occasionally placed approximately 45° to the kettle, the peduncle of 
<taxonomicName id="EADE4D4EA140FF99FABDFE141DABADD1" authorityName="Thwaites" authorityYear="1864" baseAuthorityName="Schott" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[1325,1428,464,485]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Lagenandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koenigii">L. koenigii</taxonomicName>
is much shorter than of 
<taxonomicName id="EADE4D4EA140FF99FE1BFE301A23AE3D" authorityName="Madola, D. Yakandawala &amp; K. Yakandawala" authorityYear="2021" box="[395,540,500,521]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Lagenandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kalugalensis">L. kalugalensis</taxonomicName>
and the limb is always less open. The limb of both 
<taxonomicName id="EADE4D4EA140FF99FB93FE301CB0AE3D" box="[1027,1167,500,521]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Lagenandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="srilankensis">L. srilankensis</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="EADE4D4EA140FF99FB2FFE301D1AAE3D" authorityName="Thwaites" authorityYear="1864" baseAuthorityName="Schott" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[1215,1317,500,521]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Lagenandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koenigii">L. koenigii</taxonomicName>
are untwisted but can be easily separated from 
<taxonomicName id="EADE4D4EA140FF99FE6CFDDC1AB1AE19" authorityName="Madola, D. Yakandawala &amp; K. Yakandawala" authorityYear="2021" box="[508,654,536,557]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Lagenandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kalugalensis">L. kalugalensis</taxonomicName>
as the limb of the latter is widely opened.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA140FF99FF18FDF818E5AE65" bold="true" box="[136,218,572,593]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Type:—</emphasis>
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, 
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, 
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, 
<collectingMunicipality id="CD05ACB7A140FF99FD59FDF81B1FAE66" box="[713,800,572,594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Kalugala</collectingMunicipality>
in the periphery of the 
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, 
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asl
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. Collected 
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<collectingDate id="4924E9E5A140FF99FED6FDA419D8AE41" box="[326,487,608,630]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" value="2020-02-01">1 February 2020</collectingDate>
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, 
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<collectorName id="802B531BA140FF99FE61FDA41A01AE41" box="[497,574,608,629]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Madola</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="802B531BA140FF99FDD7FDA41AF8AE41" box="[583,711,608,629]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Yakandawala</collectorName>
</emphasis>
&amp; 
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<collectorName id="802B531BA140FF99FD76FDA41B59AE41" box="[742,870,608,629]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Yakandawala</collectorName>
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</emphasis>
(
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!, isotypes 
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!, 
<collectionCode id="4BCFAE08A140FF99FB47FDA41CD1AE42" box="[1239,1262,608,630]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
!)
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="79A16645A140FF99FF18F8011B36ABE8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5562402" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5562402" box="[136,777,1989,2012]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5562402/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" startId="3.[136,229,1989,2011]" targetBox="[340,1247,655,1965]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="2D6136CDA140FF99FF18F8011B36ABE8" blockId="3.[136,777,1989,2012]" box="[136,777,1989,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA140FF99FF18F80118C1ABEF" bold="true" box="[136,254,1989,2011]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EADE4D4EA140FF99FE93F80219C8ABEF" authorityName="Madola, D. Yakandawala &amp; K. Yakandawala" authorityYear="2021" box="[259,503,1990,2011]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Lagenandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kalugalensis">
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA140FF99FE93F80219C8ABEF" box="[259,503,1990,2011]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Lagenandra kalugalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; A. Habitat. B and C. Habit.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="79A16645A147FF9EFF18F8D219A9ABAC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5560365" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5560365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5560365/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" startId="4.[136,229,1814,1836]" targetBox="[228,1360,190,1789]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="2D6136CDA147FF9EFF18F8D219A9ABAC" blockId="4.[136,1452,1814,1944]" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA147FF9EFF18F8D218C0AB1F" bold="true" box="[136,255,1814,1836]" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EADE4D4EA147FF9EFE97F8D219C3AB1F" authorityName="Madola, D. Yakandawala &amp; K. Yakandawala" authorityYear="2021" box="[263,508,1814,1835]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Lagenandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kalugalensis">
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA147FF9EFE97F8D219C3AB1F" box="[263,508,1814,1835]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">Lagenandra kalugalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; A. Leaf, B. and C. Spathe from different angles showing the opening in the limb; note the untwisted spathe and the limb placed 45° angled to the kettle and opening up widely. D. Spathe dissected and opened. E. Kettle with the spadix; note the light maroon/violet smooth longitudinal striations. F. Pistillate flower zone. G. Appendix and staminate flower zone. H. Infructescence and I. Seeds.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="79A16645A146FF9FFF18F8651BC2AB83" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5560367" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5560367" box="[136,1021,1953,1975]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5560367/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" startId="5.[136,229,1953,1975]" targetBox="[179,1403,203,1881]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="2D6136CDA146FF9FFF18F8651BC2AB83" blockId="5.[136,1021,1953,1975]" box="[136,1021,1953,1975]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA146FF9FFF18F86518C1AB82" bold="true" box="[136,254,1953,1975]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EADE4D4EA146FF9FFE93F86519C8AB82" authorityName="Madola, D. Yakandawala &amp; K. Yakandawala" authorityYear="2021" box="[259,503,1953,1974]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Lagenandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kalugalensis">
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA146FF9FFE93F86519C8AB82" box="[259,503,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Lagenandra kalugalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; A. Habit. B. Spathe. C. Infructescence and D. Seeds.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="65C46546A145FF9CFF18FF5B1C2CAE70" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" type="description">
<paragraph id="2D6136CDA145FF9CFF18FF5B1C2CAE70" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,1588]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">
Evergreen large herb with creeping to erect rhizome ca. 1.0– 
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFCDEFF5A1BA3AC8D" box="[846,924,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
in diam. Cataphylls ca. 6.5–15.0 cm. Petiole ca. 
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFF20FF06191FACE9" box="[176,288,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="31.0" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="17.0">17–45 cm</quantity>
long, ca. 
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFE01FF061A30ACE9" box="[401,527,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.7 cm</quantity>
wide, sheath ca. 
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFD44FF061B6CACE9" box="[724,851,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="6.5" valueMax="9.5" valueMin="3.5">3.5–9.5 cm</quantity>
long, unequal. Leaf blades green, blade more or less oblong/linear with parallel margins, apex acuminate, base gradually tapering/acute, margin entire, blade ca. 19.0–28.5 
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA145FF9CFF18FECF18A4AD10" box="[136,155,267,292]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">×</emphasis>
5.0– 
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFF45FECE190EAD11" box="[213,305,266,293]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="10.5">10.5 cm</quantity>
; midrib visible on both surfaces and prominent on the lower surface. Peduncle ca. 14.0– 
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFA81FECE1D54AD11" box="[1297,1387,266,293]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="29.5">29.5 cm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFF18FEEA193BAD7D" box="[136,260,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.6 cm</quantity>
width, terete. Spathe light maroon/violet, slightly rugose with no distinct warts, ca. 9.5–15.0 cm long, kettle ca. 1.5–3.5 
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA145FF9CFE9DFE97191FAD58" box="[269,288,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">×</emphasis>
1.0– 
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFECBFE961995AD59" box="[347,426,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
, light maroon/violet with smooth longitudinal striations inside; limb ca. 4.0–6.5 x 
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFAC7FE961892ADA5" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.3">1.3–2.5 cm</quantity>
, un-twisted, placed 45° angled to the kettle and opens up widely, light maroon/pink and horizontally irregularly roughened inside; tail ca. 3.0–6.5 
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA145FF9CFD8BFE5F1A11AD80" box="[539,558,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">×</emphasis>
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFDA7FE5E1A84AD81" box="[567,699,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="0.2" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.3 cm</quantity>
. Spadix ca. 2.0– 
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFCEBFE5E1BF6AD81" box="[891,969,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="2.7">2.7 cm</quantity>
long; pistillate flower zone ca. 0.5–0.7 
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA145FF9CFA08FE5F1D94AD80" box="[1432,1451,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">×</emphasis>
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFF18FE7A1936ADED" box="[136,265,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.499999999999999" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="0.6499999999999999" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.6">0.6–0.7 cm</quantity>
; sterile zone ca. 
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFE54FE7A1A7EADED" box="[452,577,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1.5 cm</quantity>
long (whitish pink); staminate flower zone ca. 0.3–0.5 
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA145FF9CFB29FE7B1CF3ADEC" box="[1209,1228,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">×</emphasis>
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFB43FE7A1D6BADED" box="[1235,1364,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 cm</quantity>
, cream; appendix ca. 0.2–0.3 x 
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long, whitish maroon. Pistils ca. 55–60, upright. Style clearly visible. Staminate flowers ca. 80–84. Infructescence up to 
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFDDEFDC21AB3AE14" box="[590,652,518,544]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="21.0">21cm</quantity>
long, oblate with few fruitlets, fleshy capsule up to 38–40, with warty out-growths. Seeds 4–5, size ca. 0.4–0.6 
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA145FF9CFDC2FDEF1A5AAE70" box="[594,613,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">×</emphasis>
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFDFCFDEE1AD6AE71" box="[620,745,554,581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 cm</quantity>
and longitudinally ridged.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="65C46546A145FF9CFF2DFD8A1CF1AF98" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="2D6136CDA145FF9CFF2DFD8A1D0CAF51" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,1588]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA145FF9CFF2DFD8A1B09AE5C" bold="true" box="[189,822,590,616]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">Distribution, phenology and conservation status:—</emphasis>
To date distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="EADE4D4EA145FF9CFBDFFD8B1CC0AE5C" authorityName="Madola, D. Yakandawala &amp; K. Yakandawala" authorityYear="2021" box="[1103,1279,590,616]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Lagenandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kalugalensis">
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA145FF9CFBDFFD8B1CC0AE5C" box="[1103,1279,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">L. kalugalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be restricted to one locality is 
<collectingCountry id="55C9765DA145FF9CFE29FDB61A15AEB8" box="[441,554,626,652]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
, in the stream-let, that originates from the Kalugala Forest Reserve, which joins the Kaluganga (River). The population is scattered and spread over a stretch of about 
<specimenCount id="3BD8FD44A145FF9CFBA5FD521CBDAE85" box="[1077,1154,662,689]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" type="generic">
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFBA5FD521C41AE85" box="[1077,1150,662,689]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="m" value="150.0">150 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
The population consists of about 35 mature individuals. The streamlet where the plant populations are occurring is bordering the Kalugala Forest Reserve and not within the protected area. Therefore, the plants are exposed to anthropogenic activities. According to personal communication with the villagers, a few years back there had been a person who visited the area regularly and collected plants in large scale with the help of the villagers for export. The plants inhabit the bank of the stream and is exposed to strong water currents during the rainy season where the rains are severe in the Wet Zone.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D6136CDA145FF9CFF2DFCAA1CF1AF98" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,1588]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">
Peak flowering of 
<taxonomicName id="EADE4D4EA145FF9CFE06FCAB1A7DAFBC" authorityName="Madola, D. Yakandawala &amp; K. Yakandawala" authorityYear="2021" box="[406,578,878,904]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Lagenandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kalugalensis">
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA145FF9CFE06FCAB1A7DAFBC" box="[406,578,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">L. kalugalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was observed from January-April, occasional flowering from July-October. Fruiting from February to May and July-November. The open inflorescence persists for 3–4 days.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="65C46546A145FF9CFF2DFC721AC8A9B5" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="2D6136CDA145FF9CFF2DFC721AC8A9B5" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,1588]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">
The calculated AOO accounted to 
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFDD2FC721A44AFE4" box="[578,635,950,976]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
<superScript id="DAAB9B85A145FF9CFDEBFC721ABCAFF0" attach="left" box="[635,643,950,964]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">2</superScript>
while we were unable to calculate the EOO due to the presence of only one data point. Therefore, the EOO was also taken as equal to AOO. Considering the facts that 
<taxonomicName id="EADE4D4EA145FF9CFB2BFC1F1D59AFC0" authorityName="Madola, D. Yakandawala &amp; K. Yakandawala" authorityYear="2021" box="[1211,1382,986,1012]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Lagenandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kalugalensis">
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA145FF9CFB2BFC1F1D59AFC0" box="[1211,1382,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">L. kalugalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
being restricted to only one locality in the country, and the number of healthy individuals in the population is restricted to less than 35 mature individuals, scattered along the bank of a streamlet bordering the protected area and is subjected to anthropogenic activities, the population could be considered as under threat. Following the present IUCN guidelines (2019); based on geographic range, with only 
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFD17FBAE1AFFA8B0" box="[647,704,1130,1156]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
<superScript id="DAAB9B85A145FF9CFD50FBAE1AF7A84C" attach="left" box="[704,712,1130,1144]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">2</superScript>
of EOO and AOO, this species qualifies for Critically Endangered category (CR) under the thresholds for both B1 and B2. Considering the anthropogenic activities at the border of the protected area, number of locations is considered as 1 (a). Further, considering the conditions, the large healthy population of 
<taxonomicName id="EADE4D4EA145FF9CFEB8FB1319EDA8C4" authorityName="Madola, D. Yakandawala &amp; K. Yakandawala" authorityYear="2021" box="[296,466,1238,1264]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Lagenandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kalugalensis">
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA145FF9CFEB8FB1319EDA8C4" box="[296,466,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">L. kalugalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
located in the broader of the protected area exhibited a continuing decline in the EOO (bi) and AOO (bii) which is evident from the personal communication with the villagers, where large scale collections have been made few years back. Further, a continuing decline is observed in the quality of the habitat (biii) as well as the number of mature individuals (bv). Considering all these facts, 
<taxonomicName id="EADE4D4EA145FF9CFCE6FA871C20A968" authorityName="Madola, D. Yakandawala &amp; K. Yakandawala" authorityYear="2021" box="[886,1055,1346,1372]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Lagenandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kalugalensis">
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA145FF9CFCE6FA871C20A968" box="[886,1055,1346,1372]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">L. kalugalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
qualifies for Critically Endangered category under Criterion B1ab (ii,iii,v) + B2ab (ii,iii,v).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="65C46546A145FF9CFF2DFA4E1B24A991" box="[189,795,1418,1445]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="2D6136CDA145FF9CFF2DFA4E1B24A991" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,1588]" box="[189,795,1418,1445]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA145FF9CFF2DFA4E1901A990" bold="true" box="[189,318,1418,1444]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">Habitat:—</emphasis>
The plants inhabit the bank of the streams.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="65C46546A145FF9CFF2DFA6A1B43A9D9" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="2D6136CDA145FF9CFF2DFA6A1B43A9D9" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,1588]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA145FF9CFF2DFA6A1969A9FC" bold="true" box="[189,342,1454,1480]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">Eponymy:—</emphasis>
The new species is named after the Kalugala Forest Reserve that was recently declared as a forest reserve, where the 
<typeStatus id="F265886FA145FF9CFECCFA1719B3A9D9" box="[348,396,1491,1517]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">type</typeStatus>
locality falls in the boundary of the reserve.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="65C46546A145FF9CFF2DFA321AE7AA00" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="2D6136CDA145FF9CFF2DFA321AE7AA00" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,1588]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">
<materialsCitation id="9DB63C90A145FF9CFF2DFA321AE7AA00" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3382649301" collectingDate="2021-01-16" collectionCode="PDA" collectorName="Madola &amp; Yakandawala" elevation="47" location="Kalugala Forest Reserve" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" specimenCode="L220" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA145FF9CFF2DFA321AFDAA24" bold="true" box="[189,706,1526,1552]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">
Other specimens examined (
<typeStatus id="F265886FA145FF9CFD8BFA321AA8AA24" box="[539,663,1526,1552]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
):—
</emphasis>
<location id="28016016A145FF9CFD52FA321BDEAA25" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A57787DBA140FF9CFF18FF301AE7AA00:28016016A145FF9CFD52FA321BDEAA25" box="[706,993,1526,1553]" name="Kalugala Forest Reserve" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">Kalugala Forest Reserve</location>
, 
<elevation id="A6F3D1FEA145FF9CFC61FA321C63AA24" box="[1009,1116,1526,1553]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="m" value="47.0">
<quantity id="EA269B28A145FF9CFC61FA321C11AA25" box="[1009,1070,1526,1553]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="m" value="47.0">47 m</quantity>
asl
</elevation>
. Collected 
<date id="5960100DA145FF9CFB72FA321D98AA24" box="[1250,1447,1526,1553]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" value="2021-01-16">
<collectingDate id="4924E9E5A145FF9CFB72FA321D98AA24" box="[1250,1447,1526,1553]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" value="2021-01-16">16 January 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA145FF9CFF18F9DE19BCAA00" box="[136,387,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">
<collectorName id="802B531BA145FF9CFF18F9DE18DDAA00" box="[136,226,1562,1588]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">Madola</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="802B531BA145FF9CFF7DF9DE19BCAA00" box="[237,387,1562,1588]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">Yakandawala</collectorName>
</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis id="1FAAEADFA145FF9CFE37F9DE1A41AA00" box="[423,638,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">
<collectorName id="802B531BA145FF9CFE37F9DE1A02AA00" box="[423,573,1562,1588]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">Yakandawala</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="7D789EB6A145FF9CFDD4F9DE1A41AA00" box="[580,638,1562,1588]" collectionCode="L" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" type="Herbarium">L220</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="4BCFAE08A145FF9CFD1DF9DE1AF2AA00" box="[653,717,1562,1588]" country="Sri Lanka" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13944" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13944" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" type="Herbarium">PDA</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>