248 lines
36 KiB
XML
248 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="665403E583E8C0080301AE37D724726B" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4185.1.1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4185.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="11620862-ddcf-4c01-b0d9-32867e03d74b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="165530" ID-ZooBank="0D054EDD-9CDC-4D16-A8B2-F1EBBDAD6E09" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1478590872060" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Arai, Hisao P. & Smith, John W." docDate="2016" docId="038FB248FF89FF8E89B9C68B24109B98" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4185.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4185 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Philonema oncorhynchi Kuitunen-Ekbaum 1933" docType="treatment" docVersion="17" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="FFB6CA30FFB1FFB6892EC613204A9E70" masterDocTitle="Guide to the Parasites of Fishes of Canada Part V: Nematoda" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="57" updateTime="1698392632899" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="202EA7BABA239320F43F4EF7B80328F3">
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<mods:title id="AB8F1842ABC400190CD1B4B20BB5D94E">Guide to the Parasites of Fishes of Canada Part V: Nematoda</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F7FCC1BD283EEF0E00944202F50AEDCD">Arai, Hisao P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="6CBF0B70E8BF41DD14F00357F3B2C851" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3409473EAD820AFF5DD8FB4455F9A107">Smith, John W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3D14E73286491D3690724175A563227A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="545993B799C049562BA1CC92525F9FB7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="167C8148DA56EF9BD184A779F42EE8E2">
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<mods:date id="F4E808EA2BE7EC3D34A20AC2FCEE9F94">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="94F164CDDA2981468D0D771A19953458">4185</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="0A14B50B790DF182B29C12A5A646FC78">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5DC639B6B11954B32D3296B4F2236EA9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4185.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BC16D74741B0285DCF4F0C28A39F6B13" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038FB248FF89FF8E89B9C68B24109B98" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5626682" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124624450" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5626682" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038FB248FF89FF8E89B9C68B24109B98" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038FB248FF89FF8E89B9C68B24109B98" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
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<subSubSection id="C33C50D5FF89FF8E89B9C68B235F9EC2" box="[151,789,152,178]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C68B235F9EC2" blockId="56.[151,789,152,178]" box="[151,789,152,178]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
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<heading id="D0D1B432FF89FF8E89B9C68B235F9EC2" bold="true" box="[151,789,152,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B952DF4CFF89FF8E89B9C68B235F9EC2" bold="true" box="[151,789,152,178]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
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**
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<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFF89FF8E899AC68B235F9EC2" authority="Kuitunen-Ekbaum, 1933" authorityName="Kuitunen-Ekbaum" authorityYear="1933" box="[180,789,152,178]" class="Chromadorea" family="Micropleuridae" genus="Philonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="oncorhynchi">
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<emphasis id="B952DF4CFF89FF8E899AC68B21929EC2" bold="true" box="[180,472,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Philonema oncorhynchi</emphasis>
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Kuitunen-Ekbaum, 1933
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33C50D5FF89FF8E89B9C6CD24109B98" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C6CD25D69E87" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[151,1436,222,247]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
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Description (after
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8840C6CC22829E87" author="Moravec" box="[366,712,223,247]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Moravec, F. & Nagasawa, K. (1999 a) New data on the morphology of Philonema oncorhynchi Kuitunen-Ekbaum, 1933 (Nematoda: Dracunculoidea) from the abdominal cavity of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.). Systematic Parasitology, 43, 67 - 74. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1023 / a: 1006181528423" type="journal article" year="1999" yearSuffix="a">Moravec & Nagasawa 1999a</bibRefCitation>
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). With characteristics of the genus. Body filiform, whitish in
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C71125D69F6B" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[151,1436,258,283]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">colour, cuticle smooth. Head end rounded, bearing two rings of small papillae: outer ring of four pairs of papillae,</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C73525D79F4F" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[151,1437,294,319]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
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inner ring with four single papillae. Small lateral bifid amphids present (
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<figureCitation id="131D1FDBFF89FF8E8AD3C735241F9F4F" box="[1021,1109,294,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="55.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[225,1356,383,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@55.[216,1371,373,1885]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 37. Philonema oncorhynchi Kuitunen-Ekbaum, 1933. A. female, en face view; B. male, anterior end, lateral view; C. male, posterior end, lateral view; D. gravid female, anterior end, with larvae in uterus; E. subgravid female, posterior end, with eggs in uterus. (Redrawn from Moravec & Nagasawa 1999 a)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/165553/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
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A). Mouth opening circular.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C75925D69F13" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[151,1436,330,355]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Oesophagus comprises short and narrow anterior muscular portion, and longer and wider posterior glandular</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C77D25D69FF7" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[151,1436,366,391]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">portion. Oesophagus enters intestine through valve. Intestine light coloured, relatively wide anterior end. Tail</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C78121AE9FDB" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[151,484,402,427]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">conical ending in sharp point.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89E9C7A525D79FBF" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[199,1437,438,463]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Males: body 13.91–30.16 long, and 0.206–0.412 wide. Muscular oesophagus 0.444–0.762, and glandular</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C7C925D69F83" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[151,1436,474,499]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
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portion 1.218–2.162 long. Nerve ring 0.261–0.391 from anterior end (
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<figureCitation id="131D1FDBFF89FF8E8A9CC7C9244D9F83" box="[946,1031,474,499]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="55.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[225,1356,383,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@55.[216,1371,373,1885]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 37. Philonema oncorhynchi Kuitunen-Ekbaum, 1933. A. female, en face view; B. male, anterior end, lateral view; C. male, posterior end, lateral view; D. gravid female, anterior end, with larvae in uterus; E. subgravid female, posterior end, with eggs in uterus. (Redrawn from Moravec & Nagasawa 1999 a)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/165553/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
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B). Excretory pore not seen. Caudal
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C7ED25D69C67" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[151,1436,510,535]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">end ventrally curved. Tail 0.331–0.566 long. Spicules equal, simple, needle-like, well sclerotized, 0.188–0.396</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C43125D69C4A" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[151,1436,546,571]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">long. Pre-cloacal papillae: nine pairs small sessile subventral papillae, plus two subventral horn-like outgrowths or</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C45525D79C2F" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[151,1437,582,607]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">papillae separated by one unpaired median papilla on anterior cloacal lip. Post-cloacal papillae: nine pairs of small</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C47E25D69CDA" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
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subventral papillae, distance between 2nd and 3rd greater than that between 3rd and 4th pairs (
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<figureCitation id="131D1FDBFF89FF8E8DB7C47E24A69CF6" box="[1177,1260,621,646]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="55.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[225,1356,383,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@55.[216,1371,373,1885]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 37. Philonema oncorhynchi Kuitunen-Ekbaum, 1933. A. female, en face view; B. male, anterior end, lateral view; C. male, posterior end, lateral view; D. gravid female, anterior end, with larvae in uterus; E. subgravid female, posterior end, with eggs in uterus. (Redrawn from Moravec & Nagasawa 1999 a)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/165553/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
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C). Females (gravid worms with larvae): body 102.8–185.0 long, and 0.948–1.483 wide. Head end rounded,
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C4A625D69CBE" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[151,1436,693,718]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">cephalic papillae indistinct in lateral view. Muscular oesophagus 0.433–1.092, and glandular portion 1.277–2.019</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C4CA25D79C82" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[151,1437,729,754]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
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long. Nerve ring 0.252–0.453 from anterior end (
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<figureCitation id="131D1FDBFF89FF8E8BEBC4CA23539C82" box="[709,793,729,754]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="55.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[225,1356,383,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@55.[216,1371,373,1885]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 37. Philonema oncorhynchi Kuitunen-Ekbaum, 1933. A. female, en face view; B. male, anterior end, lateral view; C. male, posterior end, lateral view; D. gravid female, anterior end, with larvae in uterus; E. subgravid female, posterior end, with eggs in uterus. (Redrawn from Moravec & Nagasawa 1999 a)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/165553/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
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D). Excretory pore not seen. Anal opening absent. Vulva
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C51325D69D69" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[151,1436,764,793]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">and vagina atrophied. Uterus amphidelphic, occupying most of body space, containing many 1st -stage larvae; it</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C53725D69D4D" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[151,1436,804,829]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
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extends anteriorly to oesophagus level (
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<figureCitation id="131D1FDBFF89FF8E8B42C53722899D4D" box="[620,707,804,829]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="55.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[225,1356,383,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@55.[216,1371,373,1885]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 37. Philonema oncorhynchi Kuitunen-Ekbaum, 1933. A. female, en face view; B. male, anterior end, lateral view; C. male, posterior end, lateral view; D. gravid female, anterior end, with larvae in uterus; E. subgravid female, posterior end, with eggs in uterus. (Redrawn from Moravec & Nagasawa 1999 a)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/165553/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
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D), and posteriorly a little behind end of intestine (
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<figureCitation id="131D1FDBFF89FF8E8C0BC53725379D4D" box="[1317,1405,804,829]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="55.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[225,1356,383,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@55.[216,1371,373,1885]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 37. Philonema oncorhynchi Kuitunen-Ekbaum, 1933. A. female, en face view; B. male, anterior end, lateral view; C. male, posterior end, lateral view; D. gravid female, anterior end, with larvae in uterus; E. subgravid female, posterior end, with eggs in uterus. (Redrawn from Moravec & Nagasawa 1999 a)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/165553/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
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E).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C55B23D79D10" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[151,925,840,865]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
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Anterior and posterior ovaries reflexed, relatively short (
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<figureCitation id="131D1FDBFF89FF8E8A3EC55B23299D10" box="[784,867,840,865]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="55.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[225,1356,383,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@55.[216,1371,373,1885]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 37. Philonema oncorhynchi Kuitunen-Ekbaum, 1933. A. female, en face view; B. male, anterior end, lateral view; C. male, posterior end, lateral view; D. gravid female, anterior end, with larvae in uterus; E. subgravid female, posterior end, with eggs in uterus. (Redrawn from Moravec & Nagasawa 1999 a)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/165553/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
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D,E).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89E9C57E25D79DF5" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[199,1437,876,901]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Larvae from uterus variable in shape and size, 0.392–0.580 long, 0.020–0.028 wide. Head end with small</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C58322C19DD8" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[151,651,912,937]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
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dorsal tooth. Tail sharply pointed (
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<figureCitation id="131D1FDBFF89FF8E8B37C58322219DD8" box="[537,619,912,937]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="55.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionTargetBox="[225,1356,383,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@55.[216,1371,373,1885]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 37. Philonema oncorhynchi Kuitunen-Ekbaum, 1933. A. female, en face view; B. male, anterior end, lateral view; C. male, posterior end, lateral view; D. gravid female, anterior end, with larvae in uterus; E. subgravid female, posterior end, with eggs in uterus. (Redrawn from Moravec & Nagasawa 1999 a)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/165553/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
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E).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C5A722DC9DBD" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[151,662,948,973]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Sites: body cavity, mesenteries, swim bladder</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C5CA21719A2D" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
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Hosts:
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<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFF89FF8E89CBC5CA21F89D80" box="[229,434,985,1008]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Carassius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
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<emphasis id="B952DF4CFF89FF8E89CBC5CA21F89D80" box="[229,434,985,1008]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Carassius auratus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(25);
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<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFF89FF8E88D9C5CB22A09D81" box="[503,746,984,1009]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Salmonidae" genus="Oncorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Salmoniformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="clarkii">
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<emphasis id="B952DF4CFF89FF8E88D9C5CB22A09D81" box="[503,746,984,1009]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Oncorhynchus clarkii</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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(6);
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<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFF89FF8E8A0FC5CB240B9D81" box="[801,1089,984,1009]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Salmonidae" genus="Oncorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Salmoniformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gorbuscha">
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<emphasis id="B952DF4CFF89FF8E8A0FC5CB240B9D81" box="[801,1089,984,1009]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Oncorhynchus gorbuscha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(9, 31);
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<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFF89FF8E8D8DC5CB25D69D81" box="[1187,1436,984,1009]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Salmonidae" genus="Oncorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Salmoniformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kisutch">
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<emphasis id="B952DF4CFF89FF8E8D8DC5CB25D69D81" box="[1187,1436,984,1009]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Oncorhynchus kisutch</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(6);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFF89FF8E89D9C5EF21A69A65" box="[247,492,1020,1045]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Salmonidae" genus="Oncorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Salmoniformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mykiss">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFF89FF8E89D9C5EF21A69A65" box="[247,492,1020,1045]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Oncorhynchus mykiss</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(6, 16, 25);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFF89FF8E8B54C5EF232F9A65" box="[634,869,1020,1045]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Salmonidae" genus="Oncorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Salmoniformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nerka">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFF89FF8E8B54C5EF232F9A65" box="[634,869,1020,1045]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Oncorhynchus nerka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 33, 34, 35);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFF89FF8E8A4DC23324DD9A49" box="[867,1175,1056,1081]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Salmonidae" genus="Oncorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Salmoniformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tshawytscha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFF89FF8E8A4DC23324DD9A49" box="[867,1175,1056,1081]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(5, 23, 24);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2678DDFF89FF8E8C07C233215E9A2D" class="Actinopterygii" family="Salmonidae" genus="Salvelinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Salmoniformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFF89FF8E8C07C233215E9A2D" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Salvelinus malma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(6)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C27B22E49AF1" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" box="[151,686,1128,1153]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Distribution:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E2CDBCFF89FF8E8803C27B21BB9AF1" box="[301,497,1128,1153]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E2CDBCFF89FF8E88D3C27B221F9AF1" box="[509,597,1128,1153]" country="Canada" name="Ontario" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Ontario</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Pacific
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99035EFF89FF8E89B9C29F24109B98" blockId="56.[151,1437,222,1513]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Records: 1.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8833C29F227D9AD5" author="Kuitunen-Ekbaum" box="[285,567,1164,1189]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Kuitunen-Ekbaum, E. (1933 a) The occurrence of dracontiasis in Pacific coastal fishes. Annual Report on the Work of the Biological Board of Canada for the year 1932, Ottawa, 90 pp." type="book" year="1933" yearSuffix="a">Kuitunen-Ekbaum 1933a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(PA); 2.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8BB0C29F23F09AD5" author="Kuitunen-Ekbaum" box="[670,954,1164,1189]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Kuitunen-Ekbaum, E. (1933 b) Philonema oncorhynchi nov. gen. et spec. Contributions to Canadian Biology and Fisheries, New Series, 8, 71 - 75. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / f 33 - 004" type="journal article" year="1933" yearSuffix="b">Kuitunen-Ekbaum 1933b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(PA); 3.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8D0EC29F248B9AD5" author="Smedley" box="[1056,1217,1164,1189]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Smedley, E. M. (1933) Nematode parasites from Canadian marine and freshwater fishes. Contributions to Canadian Biology and Fisheries, 8, 169 - 179. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / f 33 - 014" type="journal article" year="1933">Smedley 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 4. Kuitunen-
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E89E9C2A3213A9AB8" author="Ekbaum" box="[199,368,1200,1225]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Kuitunen-Ekbaum, E. (1937 a) Notes on the biology and partial lfe history of the dracunculid, Philonema oncorhynchi Kuitunen-Ekbaum. Fisheries Research Board of Canada Manuscript Report (Biology), No. 304, 8 pp." type="book" year="1937" yearSuffix="a">Ekbaum 1937a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 5.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E88F3C2A322C59AB9" author="Margolis" box="[477,655,1200,1225]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Margolis, L. (1952 b) Studies on the parasites and diseases of marine and anadromous fish from the Canadian Pacific coast. Ph. D. Dissertation, Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec." type="book" year="1952" yearSuffix="b">Margolis 1952b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(PA); 6.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8BD9C2A3245D9AB9" author="Bangham" box="[759,1047,1200,1225]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Bangham, R. V. & Adams, J. R. (1954) A survey of the parasites of freshwater fishes from the mainland of British Columbia. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 11, 673 - 708. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / f 54 - 043" type="journal article" year="1954">Bangham & Adams 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 7. Dombrowski 1955 (BC); 8.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E89CCC2C721CF9A9D" author="Margolis" box="[226,389,1236,1261]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Margolis, L. (1956) Report on parasite studies of sockeye and pink salmon collected in 1955, with special reference to the utilization of parasites as a means of distinguishing between Asiatic and American stocks of salmon on the high seas ̶ a progress report on work being carried out as part of F. R. B. ' s commitments to INPFC. Fisheries Research Board of Canada Manuscript Report (Biology), No. 624, 36 pp." type="book" year="1956">Margolis 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC, PA); 9.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8B32C2C722F49A9D" author="Margolis" box="[540,702,1236,1261]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Margolis, L. (1957) A study of the parasites of sockeye and pink salmon with particular reference to their application in distinguishing between Asiatic and North American stocks of these fishes on the high seas ̶ report of results of examination of 1956 samples. Fisheries Research Board of Canada Manuscript Report (Biology), No. 641, 24 pp." type="book" year="1957">Margolis 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC, PA); 10.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8A4DC2C7244C9A9D" author="Margolis" box="[867,1030,1236,1261]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Margolis, L. (1963) Parasites as indicators of the geographical origin of sockeye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka (Walbaum), occurring in the North Pacific Ocean and adjacent seas. International North Pacific Fisheries Commission Bulletin, No. 11, 101 - 156." type="book chapter" year="1963">Margolis 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC, PA); 11.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8D87C2C720B59B61" author="Bashirullah" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Bashirullah, A. K. M. & Adams, J. R. (1966) Effect of pituitary extract on maturation of Philonema oncorhynchi. Program and Abstracts. 41 st Annual Meeting, American Society of Parasitologists, 29 October - 04 November 1966, San Juan, Puerto Rico, p. 44." type="journal article" year="1966">Bashirullah & Adams 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 12.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8857C2EB224C9B61" author="Platzer" box="[377,518,1272,1297]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Platzer, E. G. (1966) The life cycle of Philonema oncorhynchi (Dracunculoidea) from anadromous hosts. Proceedings of the 1 st International Congress of Parasitology, 21 - 26 September 1964, Rome, Italy, p. 561. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / b 978 - 1 - 4832 - 2913 - 3.50449 - 4" type="book chapter" year="1966">Platzer 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 13.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8BAEC2EB23C89B61" author="Platzer" box="[640,898,1272,1297]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Platzer, E., G. & Adams, J. R. (1967) The life history of a dracunculoid, Philonema oncorhynchi, in Oncorhynchus nerka. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 45, 31 - 43. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 67 - 004" type="journal article" year="1967">Platzer & Adams 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 14.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8AD2C2EA24999B61" author="Ko" box="[1020,1235,1272,1297]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Ko, R. C. & Adams, J. R. (1969) The development of Philonema oncorhynchi (Nematoda: Philometridae) in Cyclops bicuspidatus in relation to temperature. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 47, 307 - 312. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 69 - 062" type="journal article" year="1969">Ko & Adams 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 15. Adams 1969 (EX, BC); 16.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8885C30F22D39B45" author="Bell" box="[427,665,1308,1333]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Bell, G. R. & Hoskins, G. E. (1971) Investigations of wild fish mortalities in B. C., 1969 - 1970. Fisheries Research Board of Canada Technical Report, No. 245, 19 pp." type="book chapter" year="1971">Bell & Hoskins 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 17.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8A3FC30F23DF9B45" author="Lewis" box="[785,917,1308,1333]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Lewis, J. W. (1973) Internal pressure changes in the dracunculoid nematode Philonema oncorhynchi. Parasitology, 67, xv - xvi. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0031182000063095" type="journal volume" year="1973">Lewis 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 18.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8D23C30E249E9B45" author="Smith" box="[1037,1236,1308,1333]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Smith, H. D. (1973) Observations on the cestode Eubothrium salvelini in juvenile sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) at Babine Lake, British Columbia. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 30, 947 - 964. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / f 74 - 220" type="journal article" year="1973">H. D. Smith 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 19. Adams 1974 (BC); 20.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8856C35322719B28" author="Lewis" box="[376,571,1344,1369]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Lewis, J. W., Jones, D. R. & Adams, J. R. (1974) Functional bursting by the dracunculoid nematode Philonema oncorhynchi. Parasitology, 69, 417 - 427. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0031182000063095" type="journal article" year="1974">
|
||
Lewis
|
||
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFF89FF8E88EAC35221B69B29" box="[452,508,1344,1369]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1974
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 21.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8B9AC35323E69B29" author="Bell" box="[692,940,1344,1369]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Bell, G. R. & Margolis, L. (1976) The fish health program and the occurrence of fish diseases in the Pacific region of Canada. Fish Pathology, 10, 115 - 122. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3147 / jsfp. 10.115" type="journal article" year="1976">Bell & Margolis 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 22.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8D0BC35225609B28" author="Boyce" box="[1061,1322,1344,1369]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Boyce, N. P. & Yamada, S. B. (1977) Effects of a parasite, Eubothrium salvelini (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea), on the resistance of juvenile sockeye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka, to zinc. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 34, 706 - 709. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / f 77 - 110" type="journal article" year="1977">Boyce & Yamada 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 23. Anon. 1978 (BC); 24.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E88E5C37722FB9B0D" author="Arai" box="[459,689,1380,1405]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Arai, H. P. & Mudry, D. R. (1983) Protozoan and metazoan parasites of fishes from the headwaters of the Parsnip and McGregor Rivers, British Columbia: a study of possible parasite transfaunations. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 40, 1676 - 1684. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / f 83 - 194" type="journal article" year="1983">Arai & Mudry 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 25. Bashirullah 1983 (EX, BC); 26.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8D8AC37720B59BD0" author="Bashirullah" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Bashirullah, A. K. M. & Adams, J. R. (1983) Philonema oncorhynchi: effect of hormones on maturation in anadromous sockeye, Oncorhynchus nerka. International Journal for Parasitology, 13, 261 - 265. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / 0020 - 7519 (83) 90037 - 1" type="journal article" year="1983">Bashirullah & Adams 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 27.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8853C39B22099BD0" author="Groot" box="[381,579,1416,1441]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Groot, C., Margolis, L. & Bailey, R. (1984) Does the route of seaward migration of Fraser River sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) smolts determine the route of return migration of the adults? In: J. D. McCleave, G. P. Arnold, J. J. Dodson & W. B. Neill (Eds.), Mechanisms of Migration in Fishes. NATO Conference Series, Series IV. Marine Sciences, Volume 14. Plenum Press, New York & London. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4613 - 2763 - 9 _ 17" type="book" year="1984">
|
||
Groot
|
||
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFF89FF8E88E6C39A22489BD1" box="[456,514,1416,1441]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1984
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 28.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8BEFC39B23929BD0" author="Bailey" box="[705,984,1416,1441]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Bailey, R. E. & Margolis, L. (1987) Comparison of parasite fauna of juvenile sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) from southern British Columbian and Washington State lakes. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 65, 420 - 431. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 87 - 063" type="journal article" year="1987">Bailey & Margolis 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
((BC); 29.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8D4EC39B256D9BD0" author="Wood" box="[1120,1319,1416,1441]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Wood, C. C., Riddell, B. E., Rutherford, D. T. & Rutherford, K. I. (1987) Variation in biological characters among sockeye salmon populations in the Stikine River with potential application for stock identification in mixed-stock fisheries. Canadian Technical Report on Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, No. 1535, 61 pp." type="book" year="1987">
|
||
Wood
|
||
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFF89FF8E8D85C39A24AF9BD1" box="[1195,1253,1416,1441]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1987
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 30.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E89E9C3BF21D69BB5" author="Bailey" box="[199,412,1452,1477]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Bailey, R. E., Margolis, L. & Groot, C. (1988) Estimating stock composition of migrating juvenile Fraser River (British Columbia) sockeye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka, using parasites as natural tags. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 45, 586 - 591. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / f 88 - 071" type="journal article" year="1988">
|
||
Bailey
|
||
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFF89FF8E8832C3BE21139BB5" box="[284,345,1452,1477]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1988
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 31.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8B0CC3BF23099BB5" author="Dechtiar" box="[546,835,1452,1477]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Dechtiar, A. O. & Lawrie, A. H. (1988) Survey of the parasite fauna of Lake Superior fishes, 1969 to 1975. In: Nepszy, S. J. (Ed.), Parasites of Fishes in the Canadian waters of the Great Lakes. Great Lakes Fishery Commission, Technical Report, No. 51, 1 - 18." type="book chapter" year="1988">Dechtiar & Lawrie 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(ON); 32.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8AE3C3BE24D09BB5" author="Groot" box="[973,1178,1452,1477]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Groot, C., Bailey, R., Margolis, L. & Cooke, K. (1989) Migratory patterns of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) smolts in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia, as determined by analysis of parasite assemblages. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 67, 1670 - 1678. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 89 - 240" type="journal article" year="1989">
|
||
Groot
|
||
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFF89FF8E8D37C3BE241C9BB5" box="[1049,1110,1452,1477]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1989
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 33.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8C0EC3BF21209B98" author="Garnick" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Garnick, E. & Margolis, L. (1990) Influence of four species of helminth parasites on orientation of seaward migrating sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) smolts. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 47, 2380 - 2389. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / f 90 - 265" type="journal article" year="1990">Garnick & Margolis 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 34.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E88CCC3C322869B98" author="Adamson" box="[482,716,1488,1513]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Adamson, M. L., Clease, D. F. & Margolis, L. (1992) Differentiation of Philonema spp. (Nematoda: Philometridae) in British Columbia salmonid fishes using DNA restriction fragment length differences. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 49, 1650 - 1656. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / f 92 - 184" type="journal article" year="1992">
|
||
Adamson
|
||
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFF89FF8E8B7AC3C222C79B99" box="[596,653,1488,1513]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1992
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC); 35.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB77EAFFF89FF8E8A6DC3C324519B99" author="Despres" box="[835,1051,1488,1513]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refString="Despres, L., Adamson, M. L. & McDonald, T. E. (1995) Development of a diagnostic molecular marker for Philonema spp. (Nematoda: Dracunculoidea) infecting salmonids in British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 52 (Suppl. 1), 129 - 133. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / f 95 - 518" type="journal article" year="1995">
|
||
Després
|
||
<emphasis id="B952DF4CFF89FF8E8A8AC3C223969B99" box="[932,988,1488,1513]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1995
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(BC)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |