treatments-xml/data/FF/F6/32/FFF632AA6DD26C498BBFEA739AAD8564.xml
2024-06-21 12:59:29 +02:00

237 lines
18 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297124" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316519" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3f0f641c-cd4b-4694-8e47-c47be23ac2a9" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905116760" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. &amp; Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="FFF632AA6DD26C498BBFEA739AAD8564" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Carnivora.532-628.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Ursus thibetanus G. Cuvier 1823" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="E69BF2968277AF6992A8FF32E9D4E7ED" lastPageNumber="590" masterDocId="E69BF2968277AF6992A8FF32E9D4E7ED" masterDocTitle="Order Carnivora" masterLastPageNumber="628" masterPageNumber="532" pageNumber="590" updateTime="1716792096583" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="BD747F24441EE91C0FCE138D704DD9A3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="E90E2E1BB8106AE08A04B4229DFC72E1">
<mods:title id="4F38CE7D5CB6338CF5CAADBC0EAEF222">Order Carnivora</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="4B2C43F29929E73AA3F21364654E4387" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A7A23396A2277CF8B35F3DB64FBD40AD">
<mods:roleTerm id="F62357C16AE854E896C1E1B48CC382B6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="80FECB885470A60AAB3AAC2B38082470">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="BC47CB306EDDEAA261034EE1AD3958A4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7D8928E355621E62CE4E93219CBF68E3">
<mods:roleTerm id="CD1F7F524AF115E083F3334E1D8F2961">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D750FE2B42CDF2F022BDF397A0F22EB4">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="5EA38676ED7ABDE47F51B004AE6F1A82">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="140EAF47B7C577E019FCDC4F37182478" type="host">
<mods:originInfo id="64F03564E6E88EB94F01407120E69D15">
<mods:dateIssued id="A1F84AC2A1F47701EB1C92B863F8881D">2005</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:publisher id="DD6E34F7C6085547BF54EEC7B4CF94CE">The Johns Hopkins University Press</mods:publisher>
<mods:place id="827DAC05D8070BB166590EFD3FE0AA1C">
<mods:placeTerm id="726D752143D1B55EAD099BF76C18F589">Baltimore</mods:placeTerm>
</mods:place>
</mods:originInfo>
<mods:titleInfo id="67FCC75F5E299552F6CFDC3EF32BEB7A">
<mods:title id="7C33224E4BD3C2CA86028C5DDFCFF000">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="EB7061060597693CC76CADE32B256F84">
<mods:extent id="A481FE2D2E2E466A9FAAAA0BC41306CE" unit="page">
<mods:start id="BF08AFEB54452D3B400D3B1CC43BFA50">532</mods:start>
<mods:end id="B186BCDF8823B85038162DB177CEA4B3">628</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="02BDAD7EE19703874FDB317DA680B505">book chapter</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="3D514785B03A37DA36D09F353D420D1B" type="ISBN">0-8018-8221-4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1FD4134D9531F14B39D04FC4118FD0E7" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7316519</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="FFF632AA6DD26C498BBFEA739AAD8564" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11345000" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231548338" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11345000" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FFF632AA6DD26C498BBFEA739AAD8564" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FFF632AA6DD26C498BBFEA739AAD8564" lastPageNumber="590" pageNumber="590" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=14000988">
<subSubSection id="DCF433171EC40895CE6E5DFBDF623822" pageNumber="590" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5A1142CC900463D6B57FF56B121BF02B" pageNumber="590">
<taxonomicName id="0759E31DBAE8E5D5D2095D6905C18B11" ID-CoL="7F2JC" authority="G. Cuvier 1823" authorityName="G. Cuvier" authorityYear="1823" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="590" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thibetanus">
<emphasis id="5E809B0D63D2E896F72BA02925072A03" italics="true" pageNumber="590">Ursus thibetanus</emphasis>
G. Cuvier 1823
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5398B175555E3001225D1DC2ABDFE8BA" pageNumber="590" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="C246793CDE28A8AA6398FCB91F75C6BB" pageNumber="590">
<treatmentCitation id="77D7AE7F17096BE2FD1B8AF927E8BE4E" author="G. Cuvier" authority="G. Cuvier 1823" authorityName="G. Cuvier" authorityYear="1823" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" page="325" pageNumber="590" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thibetanus" title="Ursus thibetanus" volumeTitle="Rech. Oss. Foss., Nouv. ed., Vol. 4" year="1823">
<taxonomicName id="1D80F8DD62F9AB2F26685BCC3666E2D0" ID-CoL="7F2JC" authority="G. Cuvier 1823" authorityName="G. Cuvier" authorityYear="1823" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="590" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thibetanus">
<emphasis id="08712A32009B82CE499D95712D238416" italics="true" pageNumber="590">Ursus thibetanus</emphasis>
G. Cuvier 1823
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibCitation id="FED2B39CE05584BD3FBBAD4ED491CF1E" author="G. Cuvier" pageNumber="590" pagination="325" title="Ursus thibetanus" volumeTitle="Rech. Oss. Foss., Nouv. ed., Vol. 4" year="1823">Rech. Oss. Foss., Nouv. ed., Vol. 4: 325</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FD41802DD4C1C0DB65D6AB13C8A9213D" pageNumber="590" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F02164F07B274CCB3A5296D1DB415F10" pageNumber="590">
<emphasis id="67E23A097C4B3AD181B694F2A37F1902" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="590">Type Locality:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3DE23F67C3D1146D68A5F25D4A5304E7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867350557" country="India" pageNumber="590" stateProvince="Assam">
&quot;Cet ours a été trouvé d'abord par M. Wallich dans les montagnes du Napaul, et je l'ai rencontré également dans celles du Sylhet&quot; [
<collectingCountry id="86A3EACEDE5C30CC63F7CB792A0ED1A6" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="EE4027CEBE88545FE45BE836E326FFE0" country="India" name="Assam">Assam</collectingRegion>
, Sylhet].
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="605437A3981B4630E5AAD6F2E886AD2C" pageNumber="590" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="21AACF1F3E6DB7EDAE652D0DBE5CCA89" pageNumber="590">
<emphasis id="A86AC0DDB17E39CC18209C38CB13BE4C" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="590">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="24702DB3D2E243FB87F96C3D10BB8C88" language="eng" pageNumber="590">Asian Black Bear</vernacularName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3EF6C5CB69E0C3F1AB0DC5381F2986D8" pageNumber="590" type="child_taxa">
<paragraph id="D2F9B78B34A6577F8B63085B57099184" pageNumber="590">
<emphasis id="5BBBD2644AEC632ABA79EC88B4548E19" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="590">Subspecies:</emphasis>
:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF90EF1C1376E68736B2A0F1D5A5FFE8" pageNumber="590">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="D3C2BD6B0FA6F6A5E348EB5278F1AC77" authority="G. Cuvier 1823" authorityName="G. Cuvier" authorityYear="1823" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="590" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="thibetanus" subSpecies="thibetanus">
<emphasis id="39FEF31B15E0CB4074EF7EDAF66A6EEE" italics="true" pageNumber="590">Ursus thibetanus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="F0C643D1C2545ABBC7B306C5058B5644" italics="true" pageNumber="590">thibetanus</emphasis>
G. Cuvier 1823
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="26C42CACDEC3D20C829639B494891002" pageNumber="590">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="63E2DED8312D376F7385FCC625AD221D" authority="Swinhoe 1864" authorityName="Swinhoe" authorityYear="1864" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="590" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="thibetanus" subSpecies="formosanus">
<emphasis id="1EA11A7A9EA12DA41A8FD5822E802D75" italics="true" pageNumber="590">Ursus thibetanus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="A6CF5680C6DB2868224916B7255A7DB4" italics="true" pageNumber="590">formosanus</emphasis>
Swinhoe 1864
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F505DCAF1E7805614A9CD81CF41FB7F" pageNumber="590">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="DB5E30EC6A5BE491D0C1F0CC93211682" authority="Blanford 1877" authorityName="Blanford" authorityYear="1877" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="590" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="thibetanus" subSpecies="gedrosianus">
<emphasis id="D6956E810D09E74EDE9EC133BF6EF89F" italics="true" pageNumber="590">Ursus thibetanus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="7180FF9D7C7540F1036ECB56CE3B9EB9" italics="true" pageNumber="590">gedrosianus</emphasis>
Blanford 1877
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="90879B1D778DB4FD7899B89F4FC85A4A" pageNumber="590">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="738888AE69B1BAB6FF951C04A58F5A80" authority="Schlegel 1857" authorityName="Schlegel" authorityYear="1857" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="590" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="thibetanus" subSpecies="japonicus">
<emphasis id="922439A2D6F4C78BDE3D34BE4DB742E8" italics="true" pageNumber="590">Ursus thibetanus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="4DFD4CCD144273A84F421C158B025663" italics="true" pageNumber="590">japonicus</emphasis>
Schlegel 1857
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F9232E7C8A8DA86205378128F2FCBE31" pageNumber="590">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="76FC580B4B7643B279C3D5DFD37101FC" authority="Pocock 1932" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1932" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="590" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="thibetanus" subSpecies="laniger">
<emphasis id="7A0A2E531920E1CDDA4AFBEB6186C0D5" italics="true" pageNumber="590">Ursus thibetanus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="88EF65DE3DEF3D27EA047B2D9C65C8DE" italics="true" pageNumber="590">laniger</emphasis>
Pocock 1932
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="95915FD5B18E37A6E5E74898FC64A87B" pageNumber="590">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="3EC29A9774713BA023CC87A9A6BB21DE" authority="Heude 1901" authorityName="Heude" authorityYear="1901" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="590" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="thibetanus" subSpecies="mupinensis">
<emphasis id="1E3E42753F47B0228149A3882EEAF914" italics="true" pageNumber="590">Ursus thibetanus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="759FAB6BF21DFF0E8E40F4E3C7755ACC" italics="true" pageNumber="590">mupinensis</emphasis>
Heude 1901
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A749FF19D3AB99A4C50FCA5272EB5483" pageNumber="590">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="09B21783671B2CD5E7AF98A538E779FE" authority="Heude 1901" authorityName="Heude" authorityYear="1901" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="590" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="thibetanus" subSpecies="ussuricus">
<emphasis id="B5C987C1654AFAB19A602E72A71EE996" italics="true" pageNumber="590">Ursus thibetanus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="1600728915BE9CBBA406BBD58D261F9F" italics="true" pageNumber="590">ussuricus</emphasis>
Heude 1901
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CD1C2B22261018ED978E672B06A8D754" pageNumber="590" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D4FD1EC7087E1FEE8C313E80669098CB" pageNumber="590">
<emphasis id="AF998130F14B04339141179A52C641A3" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="590">Distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="0C06DC82B04E59B19F46F3634B2C1974" name="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="7CC7EDA8F52407D7BD5375874027682D" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="1AE67CA399DA41C574EE8D4256E5BE46" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
, Indochina,
<collectingCountry id="8CDA74F75ED74D58B2FCC0A68E409A4B" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
, North and?
<collectingCountry id="3967B3ABE856B0F9B651F2654A237344" name="South Korea">South Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8107D691F1DEDD8EC07118E92B78C777" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="B8A822D649D15CB06A3363ADA123988E" name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="B1D9928AFC9693C1D766EF0C6D937790" name="Pakistan">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4CACA406E0DFC9FF78FD26258AA3742F" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="07EE395B890C24B2C96799988BDA5C5D" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C480B13C77B0BA027306611EDD38BA29" name="Russia">Russia</collectingCountry>
(
<collectionCode id="FC83F7A3040EF11BF59C954A451C4E94">SE</collectionCode>
<collectingRegion id="95B8AD13338FEC56C649B6D57D6503E5" country="Russia" name="Primorskiy">Primorski Krai</collectingRegion>
),
<collectingCountry id="F8DD65FA57ADB01F9D01154B0326E759" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="33C6DD6F767BFD049918A2464AD07CF1" pageNumber="590" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="6C85D5A2929F52C00928BDF7FF9E143E" pageNumber="590">
<emphasis id="9910D6441E6A5C5F5098FC48E831473A" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="590">Conservation:</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="C1536B92FA7FB66641BEF26550460EBB">CITES</collectionCode>
Appendix I;
<collectingCountry id="622CEA93E2889BC8AED60E0D4E455F45" name="United States of America">U. S.</collectingCountry>
<collectionCode id="7ED818F0AA8747221FB84B19BD922058" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14319" name="Universidade de São Paulo" type="Herbarium">ESA</collectionCode>
Endangered as
<emphasis id="144D7565E6D57B6DE32221177533B0FC" italics="true" pageNumber="590">
U. t.
<taxonomicName id="F9D4948427EE00D308764A677300C21E" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Euarctos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gedrosianus">gedrosianus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
;
<collectionCode id="32920BBA44D0CE69EA8564C4AB1D7B53">IUCN</collectionCode>
Critically Endangered as
<emphasis id="6A785124A013F0F23A200061C3B082E2" italics="true" pageNumber="590">U. t. gedrosinus</emphasis>
, otherwise Vulnerable.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2C00840A17947B0509FD5111B57D0674" pageNumber="590" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="1D0A315031DE2803AE84EB4FE40A68E2" pageNumber="590">
<emphasis id="39103E1A72FBB1A8ECAA7029F8A5CBEE" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="590">Discussion:</emphasis>
Placed in subgenus
<taxonomicName id="258DBD59EA0619D3540136E9EBC4649E" authorityName="Heude" authorityYear="1901" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Selenarctos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A27E08220ABEFF798CDD878C9369796D" italics="true" pageNumber="590">Selenarctos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="967CC628CEC4D94C3345824043153E45" author="Gromov, I. M. &amp; G. I. Baranova" refId="ref130250" refString="Gromov, I. M., and G. I. Baranova (eds.). 1981. Katalog mlekopitayushchikh SSSR [Catalog of mammals of the USSR]. Nauka, Leningrad, 456 pp. (in Russian)." year="1981">Gromov and Baranova (1981)</bibRefCitation>
; and in subgenus
<taxonomicName id="4CA708F0E22FEDA2573355FBA3A1B999" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1864" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Euarctos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FE58CD74A0222547FCFBB8E21065DFA7" italics="true" pageNumber="590">Euarctos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="CB3D99E0C877C5BE993C018826B4D7A8" author="Thenius, E." refId="ref351117" refString="Thenius, E. 1979. Zur systematischen und phylogenetischen Stellung des Bambusbaren: Ailuropoda melanoleuca David (Carnivora, Mammalia). Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 44 (5): 286 - 305." year="1979">Thenius (1979)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="74024FECD1B710D8111F57AA2402CE38" author="Allen, G. M." refId="ref4824" refString="Allen, G. M. 1938 - 1940. The mammals of China and Mongolia [Natural History of Central Asia (W. Granger, ed.)]. Central Asiatic Expeditions of the American Museum of Natural History, New York, 11: pt. 1: 1 - 620 [1938]; pt. 2: 621 - 1350 [1940]." year="1938">Allen (1938)</bibRefCitation>
suggested a close relationship to
<taxonomicName id="C8928B82C0E2A6DD3187C468D02E3B2A" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1780" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="americanus">
<emphasis id="EC3E843561834FBC1D6561E128B4AE40" italics="true" pageNumber="590">U. americanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="7E8A73F81CE331940ADEA4CE8D0C651A" author="Pocock, R. I." refId="ref289958" refString="Pocock, R. I. 1932 a. The black and brown bears of Europe and Asia. Part I. European and Asiatic representatives of the brown bear. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 35 (4): 771 - 823." year="1932">
Pocock (1932
<emphasis id="43621486317B962F98E67649A38D0471" italics="true" pageNumber="590">a</emphasis>
)
</bibRefCitation>
retained in a separate genus, there is molecular support for both positions (
<bibRefCitation id="90D59B832D7A01085DF109DA165BA583" author="Goldman, D. P. &amp; R. Giri &amp; S. J. O'Brien" refId="ref122531" refString="Goldman, D. P., R. Giri, and S. J. O'Brien. 1989. Molecular genetic-distance estimates among the Ursidae as indicated by one- and two-dimensional protein electrophoresis. Evolution, 43 (2): 282 - 295." year="1989">Goldman et al., 1989</bibRefCitation>
). Synonyms allocated according to
<bibRefCitation id="06180260CA739AB28AD3CA1181B0C0AD" author="Ellerman, J. R. &amp; T. C. S. Morrison-Scott" refId="ref93180" refString="Ellerman, J. R., and T. C. S. Morrison-Scott. 1951. Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian mammals 1758 to 1946. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, 810 pp." year="1951">Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>