712 lines
67 KiB
XML
712 lines
67 KiB
XML
<document id="89E3FB07DBAD6222B29F949E294E5B5B" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988" ID-publisher-id="121988" URI-arpha="DA787C6A-F566-53A8-8CE4-1DB250259EB2" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" XM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.treatments_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1722263393642" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Knapp, Sandra" docDate="2024" docId="FF9BC207DD1E5B4184D342918FC7D192" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 245: 1-106" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 245" docSource="https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/121988/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docTitle="Lycianthes banahaensis Bitter" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="106" masterDocId="DA787C6AF56653A88CE41DB250259EB2" masterDocTitle="A revision of Lycianthes (Solanaceae) in tropical Asia" masterLastPageNumber="106" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1722270899297" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:titleInfo id="682B4DA7F1EC04A2A51B82FD5171EE52">
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<mods:title id="CFCE086FE9CD60FE9F464CAAE949189B">A revision of Lycianthes (Solanaceae) in tropical Asia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="D22A924CD7060C1FF0C38ECD15AFE2D8" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="59E59342A87F61630E3B04E1C91F2004">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="782E9A0051E92EBECD5AEB0226A601CA">Knapp, Sandra</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="98AE1BD89AD09E9C617EE7CB63E64BC1" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7698-3945</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="B46635C0A59329DDFF99DBF8FE4ABEBF">Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9909F4E96A9E15A491A127CCFC6F1F85">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C1A70E81A25E3CDBB3D4F53A50A4E547">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="A24B3216CAE26D7614FCD216F459C088">
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<mods:date id="53797B357DFF09D6A7CDA2F9C7432B7F">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="A4107EE7079AA6BEA3D4089C69908C25" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="43202BF223B16FB2AC474248427F15E4">2024-07-29</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="1D4BE5DD8A6D38615069EA7FC8158BB3" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="027B98CCE1D82188612ECE46BEB974BC">245</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F9CF68EE351F27F6C75F770DE5EC59DE">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="0C89B9F3C108CB8646DEBF95DCE731A6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B8B6F14E78AF2A698F992B71B6236254" type="DOI">10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="FF9BC207DD1E5B4184D342918FC7D192" ID-arpha="FF9BC207-DD1E-5B41-84D3-42918FC7D192" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF9BC207DD1E5B4184D342918FC7D192" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FF9BC207DD1E5B4184D342918FC7D192">
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||
<subSubSection id="0F0B007A4DD582BB2D31A52A9D45C20E" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="F14004EA64A57D42CFBA79A389BDD1D0">
|
||
<heading id="BA60CEE3C53DDF2FB328DDFED4F4D9C9" reason="label">1.</heading>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D73CD217A01E8CB92C0875A082D83B47" ID-CoL="3WK3K" authority="(Elmer) Bitter" authorityName="Bitter" baseAuthorityName="Elmer" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaensis">
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<emphasis id="35CC802A4AAE0F8C879089F715B7F15B" italics="true">Lycianthes banahaensis</emphasis>
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||
(Elmer) Bitter
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, Abh. Naturwiss. Vereins
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<collectingRegion id="388D4D7F34B19B1B2D69948C7B56A840" country="Germany" name="Bremen">Bremen</collectingRegion>
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||
24 [preprint]: 509. 1919.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7C04E0B3902D906D4250E6E1C5E25D27" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8136CE4B9B48CF45761C8D9A4ED4FD40">
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||
<figureCitation id="8B7D1D92ACDDE799B47561760081C374" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Habit and leaves of Lycianthes in Asia A L. banahaensis (Rule s. n., Philippines; DOL 134625) B L. biflora (Pelser & Barcelona s. n., Philippines; DOL 44707) C L. lysimachioides (Nuraliev 1638, Vietnam) D L. parasitica (Saavedra s. n., Philippines; DOL 145620) E L. shunningensis (Nuraliev 2810, Vietnam). Photograph credits: A Greg Rule B Pieter B. Pelser & Julie F Barcelona C, E Maxim Nuraliev D) Aljohn J. Saavedra. DOL numbers are identifiers from PhytoImages (https://phytoimages.siu.edu). Details of collecting localities can be found in Suppl. material 2." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103795">Figs 2 A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="461854B9F1AC4A7102339CBBD31EB1DC" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Flowers of Lycianthes in Asia A L. banahaensis with tetramerous yellow flowers, note the stigma sitting almost within the anther tube (Rule s. n., Philippines; DOL 134710) B L. biflora with membranous corolla lobes and a minutely capitate stigma (Knapp et al. 10106, China) C L. laevis flower with green blotches at the base of the corolla lobes (Mustaqim s. n., Indonesia; DOL 207828) D L. parasitica flower with spreading corolla lobes and capitate stigma (Tandang s. n., Philippines; DOL 76576597) E L. rantonnetii rotate corolla with orange, slightly curved anthers (Stevenson s. n., cultivated in Mexico; DOL 183568) F L. shunningensis with very short reflexed calyx appendages and cucullate corolla lobe tips (Nuraliev et al. 2810, Vietnam). Photograph credits: A Greg Rule B Sandra Knapp C Wendy Mustaqim D Danilo Tandang; E Dennis Stevenson F Maxim Nuraliev. DOL numbers are identifiers from PhytoImages (https://phytoimages.siu.edu). Details of collecting localities can be found in Suppl. material 2." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103797">4 A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="3E67FD550FAC92C375638F47A340EDB4" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Fruits of Lycianthes in Asia A L. banahaensis showing the opaque pericarp, lenticellate pedicel and small nub-like calyx appendages (Rule s. n., Philippines; DOL 134667) B L. biflora showing sequence of fruiting ripening and elongate calyx appendages (Nuraliev 182 a, Vietnam) C L. biflora plant with short calyx appendages and little pubescence (Pelser & Barcelona s. n., Philippines; DOL 44710) D L. parasitica showing the small inflorescence axes and berries changing from white to orange with ripening (Tandang s. n., Philippines; DOL 76584) E L. parasitica cross-section of berry showing the two seeds (Pelser & Barcelona s. n., Philippines; DOL 84746) F L. shunningensis showing unripe berry and strongly reflexed calyx appendages (Averyanov et al. 887, Laos). Photograph credits: A Greg Rule B Maxim Nuraliev C, E Pieter B. Pelser & Julie F. Barcelona D Danilo Tandang F Leonid Averyanov. DOL numbers are identifiers from PhytoImages (https://phytoimages.siu.edu). Details of collecting localities can be found in Suppl. material 2." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103798">5 A</figureCitation>
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||
,
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<figureCitation id="D29DDDB39502BFBED39F7F387D6A79E6" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Lycianthes banahaensis (Elmer) Bitter herbarium specimen. Philippines. Mindanao, Elmer 13782 (E 00593145, staminate specimen). Courtesy of Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, reproduced with permission." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103799">6</figureCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BF447ADBD9B117B3F575394BA2384C06" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="3B112F6EEE219643E7381F840EEE2DA7">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="336919A07BD4431A72EF0D2102C60562">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="D38C2F897AAAC6F622533457BECAD754" author="Elmer" journal="Leaflets Philipp. Bot." page="341" score="307.72303112407144" volume="1" year="1908">
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||
<taxonomicName id="736D7D3F7937C39BDC06FEC2964D002D" ID-CoL="4XZNH" authority="Elmer" authorityName="Elmer" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaense">
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||
<emphasis id="9A4F3EDAEB21150805CCF3982C28784C" italics="true">Solanum banahaense</emphasis>
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||
Elmer
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, Leaflets Philipp. Bot. 1: 341. 1908
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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. Type.
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<collectingCountry id="FD88EE0E2505787BF8F458E6F424CB60" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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. Luzon [Calabarzon]: Tayabas, Lucban,
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<date id="A2DC51B8F050957C85E2AB898E332910" value="1906-05">May 1906</date>
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,
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<emphasis id="942FE88A836FD6584C0ABCAF86834EA7" italics="true">A. D. E. Elmer 7492</emphasis>
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||
(no herbaria cited;
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||
<typeStatus id="6DDC15469CC867DF5A98513C68FA47DC" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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||
, designated here: A [00077843];
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||
<typeStatus id="00C1F2D313D113C2BB080A276C6495B8" type="isolectotype">isolectotypes</typeStatus>
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||
: CAL [CAL 0000018718], E [E 00273870], G [G 00343322, G 00415767], K [K 000759394], L [L 0003585], LAE [acc. # 229579], LE,
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<collectingCountry id="D85DC11539FB9EDB14D2BB3ECDD3046C" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
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||
[00027470, acc. # 629692], W [acc. # 1910-0010370]).
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="EE8AEC9403D37CB89FF168880A1DAF36">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BEAE91EF6D7B95010C183AB4988C2482">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="04520CFFBB4F1EA7758CF296DBA4DB72" author="Elmer" journal="Leaflets Philipp. Bot." page="341" score="307.72303112407144" volume="1" year="1908">
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||
<taxonomicName id="0E3A8E3AFA1320C1A7D1155E85546F51" ID-CoL="4Y2YY" authority="Elmer" authorityName="Elmer" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lagunense">
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||
<emphasis id="6A11EBA41055F92CFF62D6C474FD46EE" italics="true">Solanum lagunense</emphasis>
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||
Elmer
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, Leaflets Philipp. Bot. 1: 341. 1908
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
. Type.
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||
<collectingCountry id="2DDA2B69F9C31F8249B999716CD67266" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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||
. Luzon [Calabarzon]: Los Baños, prov. of
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<collectingRegion id="F168715DB26A08003E22D36758339256" country="Philippines" name="Laguna">Laguna</collectingRegion>
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||
,
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||
<date id="485C9020912D74EE76673884BB02B2E6" value="1906-04">Apr 1906</date>
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,
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<emphasis id="CFE76AB211BB84B528878A6B6E223D48" italics="true">A. D. E. Elmer 9425</emphasis>
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||
(no herbaria cited;
|
||
<typeStatus id="48561E3C8381BDE9514D9A4CE8A1819F" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, designated here: K [K 000759392];
|
||
<typeStatus id="4C59E326DABF9DF742C93F1F2DA57E89" type="isolectotype">isolectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: E [E 00426930], K [K 000759393], LAE [acc. # 229581]).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E0CBCD648E1B8ED3B0724C94D0465307">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="DD221AB57145056555DD6DD7B916553B">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="E82F48407423F210E88911FE23A7E2B2" author="Elmer" journal="Leaflets Philipp. Bot." page="732" score="307.72303112407144" volume="2" year="1910">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C90F37943058B423E9F3D9F241FAE7DE" ID-CoL="4Y38J" authority="Elmer" authorityName="Elmer" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manucaling">
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||
<emphasis id="46987C0C8056BE8BD397EA0068D9125B" italics="true">Solanum manucaling</emphasis>
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||
Elmer
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, Leaflets Philipp. Bot. 2: 732. 1910
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
. Type.
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||
<collectingCountry id="1928F3E77B868E47CBDBF32627D22810" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Mindanao [
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||
<collectingRegion id="4FF58DB65A1E8E887FA2FDF31B49C947" country="Philippines" name="Davao">Davao</collectingRegion>
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||
]: Todaya (Mount Apo),
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||
<collectingRegion id="F2982898B55DC554109AEC102FFCA510" country="Philippines" name="Davao del Sur">Davao del Sur</collectingRegion>
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||
,
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||
<date id="BF0A7B22C93D22CF2A49EFC196105831" value="1909-05">May 1909</date>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis id="B780745201D6BFE5CEA83B84E4D32BB7" italics="true">A. D. E. Elmer 10489</emphasis>
|
||
(no herbaria cited;
|
||
<typeStatus id="D1B5784DBE5F5A544D703EFD37A0B374" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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||
, designated here: BISH [BISH 1005081, acc. # 581198];
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||
<typeStatus id="29736CA010923E273846F7BB3E27373A" type="isolectotype">isolectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: A [00077848], BM [BM 000846477], CAL [acc. # 316482], E [E 00273862], G [G 00415768], GH [00077849], HBG [HBG- 511353], K [K 000759389], L [L 0003601], LE [LE 00016976, LE 00016977], MO [MO- 716043, acc. # 3717134],
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||
<collectionCode id="84DC837966D27F7D511700BF0F241FF2" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
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||
[00172286],
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||
<collectingCountry id="466D929A21B3B47BC5699C09BC562BB8" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
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||
[00027669, acc. # 873056], W [acc. # 1912-0001339]).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B2670E72B1ED12D81994D1E717088335">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="2FFEB162C893DE12A8B13499ADD81635">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="3F68EE49CE6F33DF5A7E1FCDA148FA76" author="Elmer" journal="Leaflets Philipp. Bot." page="2830" score="307.72303112407144" volume="8" year="1915">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7869B37EB1F14EE88CC496C9A69AD978" ID-CoL="4XZHY" authority="Elmer" authorityName="Elmer" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anisophyllum">
|
||
<emphasis id="6632ECFC606F77DE2DC81C729A75A0DE" italics="true">Solanum anisophyllum</emphasis>
|
||
Elmer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Leaflets Philipp. Bot. 8: 2830. 1915
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Type.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3628CD6432C940CDAD0BEA6C54E5728C" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Mindanao [Caraga]: Cabadbaran, Mount Urdaneta [= Mount Hilong-Hilong or Masay],
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A5E2AFB020012323BFBD13DBDCD901C7" country="Philippines" name="Agusan del Norte">Agusan del Norte</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="E638715521D2C252D2BA23B5D69894FC" value="1912-09">Sep 1912</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="1E323EABF09BCF18A0A5E4ECE98DD219" italics="true">A. D. E. Elmer 13887</emphasis>
|
||
(no herbaria cited;
|
||
<typeStatus id="01484CD6F49E656969665DBD2C61F8A3" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, designated here: A [00077840];
|
||
<typeStatus id="22BE4D52091E652C78DFCAE33F084604" type="isolectotype">isolectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: BM [BM 0001014585], CAL [acc. # 316453], E [E 00196406], G [G 00415766], GH [00077841], K [K 000759392], L [L 0003597], LAE [acc. # 229574], LE [LE 00016833], MICH [1109888], P [P 00368935], U [U 0113983],
|
||
<collectingCountry id="4558442FB4968A5902EB6F81E3B615C1" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
[00027453, acc. # 894985], W [acc. # 1915-0012862]).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5BB7D4A1A730C2694AE6E29C316B26AA">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="92DBFEA2EE123D87F344363D770C83B0">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="2FDCD03B41C6CB7DE1720B6773AF068D">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6CEBB33E5667ECAE2162EEAD1FF8253E" ID-CoL="3WK2X" authority="Bitter" authorityName="Bitter" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aceratia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C15C70B9C5315EB3B3EAC95905D2C516" italics="true">Lycianthes aceratia</emphasis>
|
||
Bitter
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Abh. Naturwiss. Vereins Bremen 24 [preprint]: 508. 1919. Type.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C2CD03ED2DBD5E1F5FC3CB9C4EDF8F45" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4A4786CF6386B6AA2D898C2FE0528E0C" country="Indonesia" name="Nusa Tenggara Timur">East Nusa Tenggara</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Sumba [“ Soemba, Parimbang ” in protologue],
|
||
<emphasis id="54CB5AA6A11388B5E4ACD228612178EC" italics="true">J. E. Teijsmann 8918</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="CFB8DC7CFCF7858B20B94DEE7C3E55C2" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: BO [acc. # BO- 1323491];
|
||
<typeStatus id="B6665DB26406E5D59F0D401064A5128E" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: L [L. 2859654]).
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C623D802162C5E77012612D3141CE68">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="396F3EEB8C94DF4271C12FDD5B3BE519">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="264C264BBBDC84987E1CC8705BA705D7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AB54CF0B54BCE0EB6239E3EB07A76688" ID-CoL="7HBMX" authority="(Elmer) Bitter" authorityName="Bitter" baseAuthorityName="Elmer" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="banahaensis" subSpecies="manucaling">
|
||
<emphasis id="6A34C2EC6166C7E3C9505E88BFBD2DB3" italics="true">Lycianthes banahaensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Elmer) Bitter
|
||
<emphasis id="077BF2149DBDDC4D88D81AAE9EA6A694" italics="true">subsp. manucaling</emphasis>
|
||
(Elmer) Bitter
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Abh. Naturwiss. Vereins
|
||
<collectingRegion id="793EAD38EB3CFADF273AB33626BBB588" country="Germany" name="Bremen">Bremen</collectingRegion>
|
||
24 [preprint]: 509. 1919
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="2674FC24D738B7934ABCDE0205455FC1">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
. Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1334BA03D048CC7F28A2F62967659E89" ID-CoL="4Y38J" authority="Elmer" authorityName="Elmer" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manucaling">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDFD8ACD5136B094D369D630603DE698" italics="true">Solanum manucaling</emphasis>
|
||
Elmer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FF8E6ACF05EB6463568E14EB57E53B55">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BA9942F51B449A035A561332FFB74C11">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="25EA7F20BD4B0ACB9B0FF0F3F84B877F">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53C760A6A7E49D138A40300720D48956" ID-CoL="3WK6F" authority="(Elmer) Bitter" authorityName="Bitter" baseAuthorityName="Elmer" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lagunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="348B07F66D6D358533B7AB8C9B533984" italics="true">Lycianthes lagunensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Elmer) Bitter
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Abh. Naturwiss. Vereins
|
||
<collectingRegion id="BF60F64DA9EE232933EFED411F1A7193" country="Germany" name="Bremen">Bremen</collectingRegion>
|
||
24 [preprint]: 511. 1919
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="177D1190427C1B893529201C44D3CFAD">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
. Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F1FA31F69C33319D6A54D6587CC24247" ID-CoL="4Y2YY" authority="Elmer" authorityName="Elmer" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lagunense">
|
||
<emphasis id="E546608BEFD5C002F911847220CF5350" italics="true">Solanum lagunense</emphasis>
|
||
Elmer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0811D1797BD773B933589AA50D7077B3">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AD2DEC30B6FC74509991488001D7766A">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="E4591DD9B620345EACEBED66115F564E">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFF3C1743C4283D0F65A3880B9B82800" ID-CoL="3WK37" authority="(Elmer) Bitter" authorityName="Bitter" baseAuthorityName="Elmer" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anisophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD7ABCEE22C4D6655F5B077E31FC210C" italics="true">Lycianthes anisophylla</emphasis>
|
||
(Elmer) Bitter
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Abh. Naturwiss. Vereins
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E121BF984202172CA0411046C6284E5E" country="Germany" name="Bremen">Bremen</collectingRegion>
|
||
24 [preprint]: 512. 1919.
|
||
<typeStatus id="7BC9F8E893B108C624A2FF2C0962ADFE">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADAD266FCA780CFAA475F70E32429A1" ID-CoL="4XZHY" authority="Elmer" authorityName="Elmer" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anisophyllum">
|
||
<emphasis id="76B9716F27B590F40DE8FA45A816BD88" italics="true">Solanum anisophyllum</emphasis>
|
||
Elmer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EAB502678254025B1F744EB0DE37ED6E">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="2D558198EB2A7C5B479A0B3476074F3A">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AD0C791A32D658A2C003ABF385928894">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2412AD766F5C8E26E0D315829B6300A" authority="Bitter" authorityName="Bitter" authorityYear="1919" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="anisophylla" variety="masbateensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3031D044594ABFDF4F1C1DE054515E57" italics="true">Lycianthes anisophylla</emphasis>
|
||
(Elmer) Bitter
|
||
<emphasis id="D4BB733A65CF38F2D5EC923988D51377" italics="true">var. masbateensis</emphasis>
|
||
Bitter
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Abh. Naturwiss. Vereins Bremen 24 [preprint]: 513. 1919
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Type.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="4D4D9D10ADF2E8CE7A8874BDF9C005E5" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Luzon [Bicol]: Island of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0228F18EDA6FBF3EBD6B0CD84E276317" country="Philippines" name="Masbate">Masbate</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="4E43CE9F8AA5169943F05D261A597A8F" value="1903-08">Aug 1903</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="554C18430971C81DA1E618851431EF7A" italics="true">E. D. Merrill 3046</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="F0E50B5EA526DBEE5756835D8CC9BAAD" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: B [destroyed];
|
||
<typeStatus id="A80A46E478ADF07FFDE44100F40F3DC2" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, here designated:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FDAADAF87DC88E2AD6AA4FB9BBB48216" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
[0027867, acc. # 438017];
|
||
<typeStatus id="491F095E83CA5DDEFE9C6CDDA2E2EF2A" type="isolectotype">isolectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: BM [BM 001019006], K [K 000759391]).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUMDI" type="material">
|
||
<paragraph id="EA1A6496286EBABB2CD83507256C620F">
|
||
<heading id="D204F9658E6CC5CA4601430A324DF73B" reason="title">
|
||
<typeStatus id="AE60579B3FC0256A3D7A136434AAE1E8">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C6566CA89A7DA53D2510A7B299985106">
|
||
Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6C7E9747D68CE9CF0070A7BB20C3BAF3" authority="Elmer" authorityName="Elmer" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaense">
|
||
<emphasis id="DCADDFB05C9F7DCB19756A6EF19E093A" italics="true">Solanum banahaense</emphasis>
|
||
Elmer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFNDI" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="D44F9D0EB0F58CE772E300898C794799">
|
||
<heading id="AB2BA83F9A9B1EEAADAF324FD8C80487" reason="title">Description.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7EA662CF5E22FB27D65A79D16AAB02B1">
|
||
Trees or treelets,
|
||
<quantity id="C0D58BF6F6AEAA9BF54A645C4FE7FE08" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="m" value="6.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="3.0">3–10 m</quantity>
|
||
tall, to
|
||
<quantity id="FCC193857262E441DB6D05210B5AB97B" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="cm" value="15.0">15 cm</quantity>
|
||
diameter; stems terete, glabrescent, prominently white-lenticellate, the lenticels corky; new growth glabrous to densely pubescent with transparent, reddish yellow or brownish tan, simple, uniseriate 5–10 - celled trichomes
|
||
<quantity id="28D8B47B7F1D9D285FB293B92FAE7895" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="0.475" valueMax="0.75" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, the cells of trichomes small and beadlike (somewhat moniliform); bark of older stems glabrescent, pale greyish green or greyish white, prominently lenticellate. Sympodial units difoliate, the leaves geminate, the leaves of a pair differing in size and occasionally in shape. Leaves simple; blades of major leaves
|
||
<quantity id="ECE03927174D19BFE6F97F33E50CB3AF" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.775" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.55" unit="cm" value="17.75" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="5.5">5.5–30 cm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="F96BE918A70A1246D62140ECDCA8B27E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="2.5" unit="cm" value="8.75" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–15 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide, elliptic, widest in the middle, discolorous, membranous or chartaceous, occasionally somewhat bullate; adaxial surfaces glabrous or with a few simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the new growth along the midrib, markedly shiny; abaxial surfaces glabrous or with scattered simple uniseriate trichomes on the midrib and major veins, not shiny; principal veins 6–7 pairs, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, drying darker abaxially; base acute and somewhat attenuate onto the petiole, or occasionally truncate (this only rarely and in very large leaves); margins entire; apex acute or acute with an attenuate acumen; petiole
|
||
<quantity id="64FE4958B2AF505A31AFE51D23D57C04" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="0.6" unit="cm" value="2.8" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="0.6">0.6–5 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, glabrous or sparsely pubescent with simple uniseriate beadlike trichomes like those of the new growth; blades of minor leaves
|
||
<quantity id="2FDA21B828EAE56C1D77CFB6A1A63531" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="3.5" unit="cm" value="6.25" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="3.5">3.5–9 cm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="57F0A38AA4FB577BB2BD6FC13D83D1EA" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.7" unit="cm" value="3.85" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="1.7">1.7–6 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide, elliptic to broadly elliptic or occasionally almost orbicular; surfaces like those of the major leaves; principal veins of minor leaves 4–5 pairs; base acute to truncate; margins entire; apex acute to somewhat attenuate; petiole of minor leaves
|
||
<quantity id="96A256B6E361A2CBB58BEA93E96CFC13" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.4" unit="cm" value="1.2" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.4">0.4–2 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Inflorescences axillary, in fascicles or on a short rhachis
|
||
<quantity id="E0DD2059C689921FF9F373252A68982F" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="cm" value="0.2" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.3 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, with 2–8 (16) flowers, densely pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the new growth and young stems; pedicels at anthesis
|
||
<quantity id="347EE496F8D3D1A26BC56C645503FC96" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.2" unit="cm" value="1.6" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.2">1.2–2 cm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="D1CCF06392278773CB73935CB365F7C4" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="0.625" valueMax="0.75" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter at the base,
|
||
<quantity id="134DAF4F1782EDCAE51DAC0433AB262C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter at the apex, spreading but held beneath the leaves, glabrous or more often sparsely pubescent with scattered simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the new growth and leaves, articulated at the base; pedicel scars tightly packed and overlapping on the short rhachis, somewhat corky. Buds ellipsoid, the corolla included in the calyx tube until just before anthesis, the calyx appendages prominent and often somewhat horn-like in bud. Flowers 4 - or 5 - merous, heterostylous and the plants probably dioecious, “ with a peculiar smell ” (fide
|
||
<emphasis id="8EA19B32D8CD04BB7FAAB4460532B347" italics="true">Adduru 109</emphasis>
|
||
). Calyx tube
|
||
<quantity id="63FE6B2EFCED7E17130413D889B265E6" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="DAB9CD7DD399F0CD01E789D531DF717C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide at the mouth, obconical, glabrous or sparsely pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the pedicels, with 4–5 appendages arising
|
||
<quantity id="6D056876F83CA40CB692D6D3F56F4432" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1 mm</quantity>
|
||
below the hyaline rim, the appendages
|
||
<quantity id="674A4686E19623FB98B2DD7637290514" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="0.5" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5–3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, triangular to horn-like, usually perpendicular to the calyx tube, glabrous or with a few trichomes. Corolla
|
||
<quantity id="7777D4D821EE86029AD0738239699AFC" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" unit="cm" value="0.9" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, white, cream (“ milky ”) or yellow, sometimes with a tinge of violet abaxially, stellate, lobed nearly to the base, abundant interpetalar tissue absent, the lobes
|
||
<quantity id="8D4B44C33C95189F2FC34D1365D9B23D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="823A069E030A5A1385DB6429FE8548DA" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, spreading, thick and fleshy, adaxially densely papillate, the midvein somewhat keeled in dry specimens, abaxially glabrous, the tips and margins densely papillate, the tips cucullate. Stamens equal and the same in short- and long-styled flowers; filament tube minute; free portion of the filaments less than
|
||
<quantity id="AB766A42905F1559A3C2337747EDCF0C" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, glabrous; anthers
|
||
<quantity id="ED877629D82A6F2364CC90954E16BDD1" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="531E28CBCF98FCA87BDDBF2E8AAECE2F" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, plumply ellipsoid and somewhat beaked in some dry material, yellow, glabrous, poricidal at the tips, the pores tear-drop shaped and edged with white in dry material, lengthening to slits with age. Ovary conical, glabrous, vestigial in short-styled flowers; style in short-styled flowers absent, in long-styled flowers
|
||
<quantity id="5F8523358DFA9432E6DEB2010F76C2A2" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, held almost entirely within the anther cone, glabrous; stigma broadly clavate and irregularly lobed, bright dark green in live plants, the surfaces minutely papillate. Fruit a globose or occasionally somewhat ellipsoid berry,
|
||
<quantity id="8D2C56454E6E9A0E6A7FF7864DB702D2" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, green when immature, orange to bright red when mature, the pericarp glabrous, thin, matte, and opaque; fruiting pedicels
|
||
<quantity id="016FE2E338039C002F44AFAA688246F9" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" unit="cm" value="3.25" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–4 cm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="13592D1E997E203EE5C93FD1797A0117" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter at the base,
|
||
<quantity id="08156E44393D6952C256425F54C1BCA2" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter at the apex, spreading, somewhat woody, green and prominently lenticellate; fruiting calyx not accrescent or expanding, a flattened disc below the berry. Seeds (5) 20–60 per berry, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="2AF6137C5A4B30B0D5920C2C89858E71" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="94B9460BD16506CFC09A8AADAE93F5DB" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, flattened and somewhat reniform, pale yellowish brown, the surfaces pitted, the testal cells sinuate in outline, the testal cell walls elongate but not prominently “ hairy ”. Stone cells absent. Chromosome number not known.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENNDI" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="7091D1F957D076573667DC2B1CEC4177">
|
||
<heading id="AD69C0927301DB52F21F6CE262A55509" reason="title">Distribution</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC09DE0BFC8AC1C7A8CC15815D540242">
|
||
<emphasis id="C56A5D66F6B60E5F7E0C219275A5F601" bold="true">
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="B1DBBB1C5FAB6BFB0AC34C0F34A5A15F" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Distribution of Lycianthes banahaensis." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103800">7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5ABA1F7530072DF74E9112D2C533F2BF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="89386105A1170A7D637E59C28D70870B" italics="true">Lycianthes banahaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9A2F95B24B779EA1AAE6579782319563" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82EE0147E558CBF3D10D92FB6D42A956" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
; it is found on most islands of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D5019C4451A91271B2F33F22DD893696" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
and in eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="86AA3C84AC230F405B9F1B9F670BB9B5" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4359BDD8A6FEAAAE43CAAD74EEAF80EB" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
to the Sunda Islands, but not on
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9DCCE4D1857BD6DBDECB2A21B22760FB" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur">Java</collectingRegion>
|
||
or Borneo or in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1C6BE404F43EA3C5DB38D129C9DE4297" name="Indonesia">Maluku Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="E125F8E7D2818C74FA3C5F2AB4DCFB6E" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure6" ID-arpha="B2913B1C-D6E1-547A-809D-A9DBD9AA8015" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103799" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph id="C019EF89A0AE779328F6B0BD4F3C7A21">
|
||
<label id="BA210021D303EC0F3CBF98949A5826FF">Figure 6.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3EA5E817C27AB6E0E45CF79E77699C86">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67DD6B0A5C57C86B16A3751A4D04E8BC" authority="(Elmer) Bitter" authorityName="Bitter" baseAuthorityName="Elmer" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="76C89103296173F441FD62591C23AA61" italics="true">Lycianthes banahaensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Elmer) Bitter
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
herbarium specimen. Philippines. Mindanao,
|
||
<emphasis id="51E0B20285647A911153BE05A3B7CEE4" italics="true">Elmer 13782</emphasis>
|
||
(E 00593145, staminate specimen). Courtesy of Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, reproduced with permission.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="5F9F61309F97E8246D87786E2684DB73" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure7" ID-arpha="7AFDECA4-5623-5CFE-9638-7FACFBD9AE4A" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103800" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph id="AA550324126653AA46587CD4AA128C51">
|
||
<label id="4625AE40103DE5C851739A8382DB5163">Figure 7.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="36172B3566F60B8A60E726A8E5B8A11B">
|
||
Distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9B2E04CD2B14D8EC60215BE35715F574" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="73F04260AE656F6423C2125D9F80E0EE" italics="true">Lycianthes banahaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXPDI" type="ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="20DD4B893FCEA6881D29D5EE16E7F7EF">
|
||
<heading id="768A9C482CFAB189F9ADBC2E5C01577B" reason="title">Ecology and habitat.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8858299B2D8173696E5DB9870FF6ECFD">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7F00A6845F834D72A190EBD60C1AD98F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FE6AF0A373F062B472900288AA5D8342" italics="true">Lycianthes banahaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
grows in low to middle elevation evergreen forests or forest edges, sometimes on limestone, from
|
||
<quantity id="71F40D5BA77FD7E0826198B254814208" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="0.5" unit="m" value="775.0" valueMax="1500.0" valueMin="50.0">50 to 1,500 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIQDI" type="Common names">
|
||
<paragraph id="7C839CC7D3CD42975CFC75F492A1EDB6">
|
||
<heading id="2F1B449288F80F761CC68FD321C73970" reason="title">Common names.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="092CE067CD74051E15102B80FB47FF0D">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="432D27360B6597D3943D91EFAC501AAB" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1E3294C6B8247933A30924BA025A94BC" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
: onbeked (
|
||
<emphasis id="20B6D61BC99CF439960B5DFAE07D3005" italics="true">Koorders 18050</emphasis>
|
||
), paratha kehu (Sangihe language,
|
||
<emphasis id="4D094E63E5FDA46D6F20333B183F7200" italics="true">Talangmin 51</emphasis>
|
||
), kaometi, makopi (Totemboan language,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E7995BD9E3C4924AD81EE84898146A5A" author="Koorders" firstAuthor="Koorders" journalOrPublisher="Mededeelingen van s’Lands Plantentuin" pagination="1-716" refId="B75" refString="Koorders SH (1898) Botanische dienstreis door de Minahasa tevens eerste overzicht der Flora van N. O. Celebes. Mededeelingen van s’Lands Plantentuin 19: 1–716." title="Botanische dienstreis door de Minahasa tevens eerste overzicht der Flora van N. O. Celebes." volume="19" year="1898">Koorders 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1C471EC2D20B3582615DBA4C324E0491" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minahassae">
|
||
<emphasis id="508854A2C25F45D2BF7F045F93DFBB31" italics="true">S. minahassae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBRDI" type="Preliminary conservation assessment">
|
||
<paragraph id="28F8109FCE1FFE7BEE50D53068BC34CD">
|
||
<heading id="ECEA0C6412E0B6736C807967DC8AB4A2" reason="title">Preliminary conservation assessment</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AB3FCAA9BE259D538FB79AAA6157B817">
|
||
<emphasis id="02FD40CA0225B90B9DE8AE4F705444C7" bold="true">
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4D606BC8293F7777AE36AB7AB1ED933B" refId="B64" refString="IUCN (2020) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 13. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee of the IUCN Species Survival Commission. http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2020">IUCN 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EORDI" xlink_title="Extent of Occurrence">EOO</abbrev>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="E44CC8540CB76B402F7EA13347403368" metricMagnitude="9" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6528829999999999" unit="km" value="1652883.0">1,652,883 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="A22FB05A4B9D61C96034F992FD4F0C67">2</superScript>
|
||
-
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EURDI" xlink_title="Least Concern">LC</abbrev>
|
||
);
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYRDI" xlink_title="Area of Occurrence">AOO</abbrev>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="344D6A0E9973FE54C4CA1CB4E053E19C" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.28" unit="km" value="228.0">228 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="0DCC46AF98F3E68F8DDF03E0C843B0FF">2</superScript>
|
||
-
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5RDI" xlink_title="Endangered">EN</abbrev>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8109BB3C796B4C5F69026848BFE9B7DA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0CE4C3D5D760E2EC53B32B74BBEA7C15" italics="true">Lycianthes banahaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from more than five localities and is relatively widely distributed in the region. In the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="745E1DA6509EA1364D9D23C56F92E6A6" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
it is known from several protected areas (e. g., Mount Apo, Samar Island and the Northern Sierra Madre). The assessment of Endangered (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENSDI" xlink_title="Endangered">EN</abbrev>
|
||
) based on
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERSDI" xlink_title="Area of Occurrence">AOO</abbrev>
|
||
is likely due to collecting bias, but also due to the island nature of the distribution. I therefore assign it a preliminary status of Least Concern (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVSDI" xlink_title="Least Concern">LC</abbrev>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZSDI" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="04834F3CB0F5049743FE6CC5559DD610">
|
||
<heading id="A43126C829DE152108D0921319203A89" reason="title">Discussion.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C0A58832B521A3C05C39A2DB6BABF977">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEC7DFADB3E7D5101323913F7EB57F4B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5809538911A4A7CB51A5D0D6968BE917" italics="true">Lycianthes banahaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a small tree (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2CA9203CF492C2BE080233A7A503FD27" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Habit and leaves of Lycianthes in Asia A L. banahaensis (Rule s. n., Philippines; DOL 134625) B L. biflora (Pelser & Barcelona s. n., Philippines; DOL 44707) C L. lysimachioides (Nuraliev 1638, Vietnam) D L. parasitica (Saavedra s. n., Philippines; DOL 145620) E L. shunningensis (Nuraliev 2810, Vietnam). Photograph credits: A Greg Rule B Pieter B. Pelser & Julie F Barcelona C, E Maxim Nuraliev D) Aljohn J. Saavedra. DOL numbers are identifiers from PhytoImages (https://phytoimages.siu.edu). Details of collecting localities can be found in Suppl. material 2." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103795">2 A</figureCitation>
|
||
) with shiny geminate leaves and prominently lenticellate stems and fruiting pedicels. The leaves are extremely variable in size; this has led to the description of the entity several times from different localities in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FAA589B5E33D7BEE01B972627ED48C15" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see synonymy), as has variation in pubescence density on new growth.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="244DB90AD7384E4AA1F51A2B9FF82A74" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anisophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="E99409574C4F4FA09939184806970E62" italics="true">Lycianthes anisophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, for example, was distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6EDCD3C2382D1A1E2798A096D725D7BC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lagunense">
|
||
<emphasis id="5E0253BB6E56AB8AF50ED5E54393B4B9" italics="true">L. lagunense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in being “ more glabrous ” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D36ECBF794E8D0007CBDC37C71320993" author="Elmer" firstAuthor="Elmer" journalOrPublisher="Leaflets of Philippine Botany" pagination="2719-2884" refId="B48" refString="Elmer ADE (1915) Two hundred and twenty new species – II. Leaflets of Philippine Botany 8: 2719–2884." title="Two hundred and twenty new species - II." volume="8" year="1915">Elmer 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0051283A414E0F3E44EE235043A5A4BB">
|
||
Plants appear to have either staminate flowers with vestigial ovaries or have berries, suggesting
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C167821490C4A1789E23206606E79BFD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F546CE914181328F08AA1AF455BFD023" italics="true">L. banahaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is likely dioecious like many
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3072E2219D02EFD807E7973FE1F94527">
|
||
<emphasis id="49A20716A8586BF368A020452CF014C0" italics="true">Lycianthes</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6839382CDA917ED72974CFEE803F5CB8" name="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C432184261796E7539E7C69114256899" DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681" author="Knapp" firstAuthor="Knapp" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pagination="1-134" refId="B70" refString="Knapp S (2022) A revision of Lycianthes (Solanaceae) in Australia, New Guinea, and the Pacific. PhytoKeys 209: 1–134. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681" title="A revision of Lycianthes (Solanaceae) in Australia, New Guinea, and the Pacific." volume="209" year="2022">Knapp 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Flowers on fruiting specimens have short styles that are contained almost completely within the anther tube (see Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="6F70B8B12BD81FF6912F980C627CBA08" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Flowers of Lycianthes in Asia A L. banahaensis with tetramerous yellow flowers, note the stigma sitting almost within the anther tube (Rule s. n., Philippines; DOL 134710) B L. biflora with membranous corolla lobes and a minutely capitate stigma (Knapp et al. 10106, China) C L. laevis flower with green blotches at the base of the corolla lobes (Mustaqim s. n., Indonesia; DOL 207828) D L. parasitica flower with spreading corolla lobes and capitate stigma (Tandang s. n., Philippines; DOL 76576597) E L. rantonnetii rotate corolla with orange, slightly curved anthers (Stevenson s. n., cultivated in Mexico; DOL 183568) F L. shunningensis with very short reflexed calyx appendages and cucullate corolla lobe tips (Nuraliev et al. 2810, Vietnam). Photograph credits: A Greg Rule B Sandra Knapp C Wendy Mustaqim D Danilo Tandang; E Dennis Stevenson F Maxim Nuraliev. DOL numbers are identifiers from PhytoImages (https://phytoimages.siu.edu). Details of collecting localities can be found in Suppl. material 2." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103797">4 A</figureCitation>
|
||
); this means that recognising short- or long-styled flowers can be difficult, especially on dry specimens. Field verification of the reproductive biology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E98337D2D3328844D73C1BBE555B419F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D38CF2DA652BA32B1BD509D016B0D66" italics="true">L. banahaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a priority (as is the case for most of these species outside the Americas).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8C8B576BA404D42D957AD03DA72C281C">
|
||
Flowers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EF77B2EEFC386B876EC45B7486E8A90" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B2CDF1807377620C0D359CBC9B9E14" italics="true">L. banahaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are often tetramerous, and this character appears to be geographically fixed in populations, with many specimens from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5F324EA61A8FC62AF034D45C3BBA4B05" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
mostly being 4 - merous (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="6C6D829BCFBF8C888260F752ACBA6E18" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Flowers of Lycianthes in Asia A L. banahaensis with tetramerous yellow flowers, note the stigma sitting almost within the anther tube (Rule s. n., Philippines; DOL 134710) B L. biflora with membranous corolla lobes and a minutely capitate stigma (Knapp et al. 10106, China) C L. laevis flower with green blotches at the base of the corolla lobes (Mustaqim s. n., Indonesia; DOL 207828) D L. parasitica flower with spreading corolla lobes and capitate stigma (Tandang s. n., Philippines; DOL 76576597) E L. rantonnetii rotate corolla with orange, slightly curved anthers (Stevenson s. n., cultivated in Mexico; DOL 183568) F L. shunningensis with very short reflexed calyx appendages and cucullate corolla lobe tips (Nuraliev et al. 2810, Vietnam). Photograph credits: A Greg Rule B Sandra Knapp C Wendy Mustaqim D Danilo Tandang; E Dennis Stevenson F Maxim Nuraliev. DOL numbers are identifiers from PhytoImages (https://phytoimages.siu.edu). Details of collecting localities can be found in Suppl. material 2." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103797">4 A</figureCitation>
|
||
), while 5 - merous collections are found in both the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C648B1F7E7C8172E5A6C4F048FFF5798" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F86F9D60ED345A4C582CB97CEF8FAB1C" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The truly yellow flowers of many populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8C9E7D08E2E6DFD9B448DC8AF8E0318" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFF48C8461D84CBACE967FFB99E2CA05" italics="true">L. banahaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are unusual in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="049BCD777606CC104E67CDFC5F9D94D2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B584342E94B926AD80070A1AE9D527D" italics="true">Lycianthes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but cream or white flowers have been recorded on labels, so this appears not to be a constant character.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D096132D68BB388E75280535CD50E4C6">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ACC4EBCB61DECCA882E00609A25CB05C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F08DB7D256459DBE0C9877078655A417" italics="true">Lycianthes banahaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E059B2D9F109EC43582DDA740DFC4AD9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A82E55CD29098454637AAA96C8A15FC4" italics="true">L. bimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the Sunda Islands; both species are trees with fleshy, heterostylous flowers, dense fine pubescence on the new growth and orange or bright red mature berries. The prominently lenticellate stems and pale bark of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D4363934BD6D74638587B55CB037B160" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E2A303889ECABF8AC28BA62CEAE9B203" italics="true">L. banahaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are diagnostic;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D8B95034EC237C19A8E2FF6AC4DAE637" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8C9EED1BF22CDB79B17896F32823495" italics="true">L. bimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has smooth stems and dark brown bark.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3F538788361B853B1E39C5821750D540" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="8508ECBF84DFA5F13986FC95BE80420D" italics="true">Lycianthes banahaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has smaller flowers (corolla
|
||
<quantity id="AA9D8A39E11BCD17B3228E7A857D438E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" unit="cm" value="0.9" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter versus
|
||
<quantity id="C7FFEA2EBFFC828E210B9E365730A360" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.6 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7628AE5FCA1B4344C8E9A7047E2A0A79" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC765D76E36376661B9A22674EC54608" italics="true">L. bimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) with the style of pistillate flowers held within the anther cone and strongly lobed (versus exserted and long-clavate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9C1D162B95E2FC13E138EA61A52FB01" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3B870C2419ADCFDEBFDDDA61D5B4F431" italics="true">L. bimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Both species occur on the island of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3B8704DF2F2E5E38C5BA8B4FD8F00494" name="Indonesia">Flores</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AD1CFE857ED8F2BE9B880FBC9B85DE5F" country="Indonesia" name="Nusa Tenggara Barat">West Nusa Tenggara</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="736155FB0325A2C01422EAEBB8610EEA" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="45556704BF773011C75FD897A815B375">
|
||
Adolph Elmer lived and collected in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1246EDA9CFDFEAE5FF03AF6805A31924" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
from 1904 until his death in a Japanese internment camp in 1942. For the names coined by him (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE4B89B17E5A4CCB38974559D696CBEC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0155EBCE95703CCD26551B652E0A714F" italics="true">S. banahaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87558C305B626E7216F67B21D6C6F648" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lagunense">
|
||
<emphasis id="3752FB334DF1062682F7EC7B9B3A411F" italics="true">S. lagunense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ACCC24B1D4758910A2C1E097E12F8C7A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anisophyllum">
|
||
<emphasis id="E35016DFE85AFFB104A0DBF47ABEECEF" italics="true">S. anisophyllum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), all specimens upon which they were based that were in his private collection at the Philippine National Herbarium (then the Philippine Bureau of Agriculture under
|
||
<collectingCountry id="40DA016EAB9B1B37E2B78DFF9386E118" name="United States of America">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
jurisdiction) were destroyed by fire during the Japanese occupation of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CDA23EED721A5C3A96E825F2D3D40E10" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
in the Second World War just a day before the liberation of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="51E6FDA3AB1F93AA0130CF0FFE21A1E3" country="Philippines" name="Manila">Manila</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="93C1ACA59FA658B706E0DAB4DC53F123" DOI="10.1002/j.1996-8175.1957.tb02704.x" author="Schultes" firstAuthor="Schultes" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pagination="89-101" refId="B110" refString="Schultes RE (1957) Elmer Drew Merrill: An appreciation. Taxon 6 (4): 89–101. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1996-8175.1957.tb02704.x" title="Elmer Drew Merrill: An appreciation." volume="6" year="1957">Schultes 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Duplicates of these are widely distributed, Elmer sold large numbers of specimens to Harvard, Geneva and Kew. For
|
||
<taxonomicName id="62907547356A2D978CEBB9C02DD3B778" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaense">
|
||
<emphasis id="CAA50394ADBBE0CC8981BED3F4B17B00" italics="true">Solanum banahaense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
I have chosen the duplicate held in the herbarium of the Arnold Arboretum at Harvard (A, barcode 00077843) as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8E54486E6A765F4EFB9BF797A2071C13" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; it is the best preserved of the single collection (
|
||
<emphasis id="A505CB8B8DA1D99319F37499C19CCBBB" italics="true">Elmer 7492</emphasis>
|
||
) cited in the protologue. Similarly, I have selected the more complete duplicate of
|
||
<emphasis id="2C8105442A9ACC2F56E7CA5D6BFF6866" italics="true">Elmer 9425</emphasis>
|
||
held at Kew (K 000759392) as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="BAA7F421C9A77126F5B47D74007DEC2F" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00AC44FA467B73CF43D03A522CE6B75F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lagunense">
|
||
<emphasis id="281D00FC715DF8F974144EB235D378ED" italics="true">S. lagunense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; other duplicates I have seen lack flowers or fruits.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="642C1B2E76C2B71C99890EE875B105C4" author="Elmer ADE" firstAuthor="Elmer" journalOrPublisher="Leaflets of Philippine Botany" pagination="2719-2884" refId="B48" refString="Elmer ADE (1915) Two hundred and twenty new species – II. Leaflets of Philippine Botany 8: 2719–2884." title="Two hundred and twenty new species - II." volume="8" year="1915">Elmer (1915)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
cited two collections in the protologue of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1923AD88025A7C5642CB80559BC1AEE1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manucaling">
|
||
<emphasis id="C0727DD7E3A97399338C28A57F50C113" italics="true">S. manucaling</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="F8442C11E02300155AFAB5CA3D87AB70" italics="true">Elmer 10489</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="BEAE7D4B8D7308F22FF25992241BD250" italics="true">Elmer 11693</emphasis>
|
||
– in flower and fruit respectively). I have selected the Bishop Museum duplicate of
|
||
<emphasis id="92522E131E8C8C71CA9DE08DF4A41306" italics="true">Elmer 10489</emphasis>
|
||
(BISH 1005081, acc. # 581198) as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B3BB239FA7CB8C78829324D29EB31434" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, as it is one of the few duplicates of either of these collections that still has numerous flowers. For
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7798FE8B85489F853A8CA7A986BA3EEA" authority="Elmer (1915)" authorityName="Elmer" authorityYear="1915" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anisophyllum">
|
||
<emphasis id="345DC20851F8E3F192ABC3436FBEE3C8" italics="true">S. anisophyllum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="75ACC79CFCD6DE7721EE7CF0B4D54063" author="Elmer ADE" firstAuthor="Elmer" journalOrPublisher="Leaflets of Philippine Botany" pagination="2719-2884" refId="B48" refString="Elmer ADE (1915) Two hundred and twenty new species – II. Leaflets of Philippine Botany 8: 2719–2884." title="Two hundred and twenty new species - II." volume="8" year="1915">Elmer (1915)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cited a single collection (
|
||
<emphasis id="6EC32A82CF3557AFF6106CB4485DF5C9" italics="true">Elmer 13887</emphasis>
|
||
) now represented in many herbaria; most of the duplicates are sterile or only have flowers in packets. I have selected the Arnold Arboretum duplicate (A, barcode 00077840) as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="619642BEA974A4A47A376C573BFF27A7" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
as it has flowers attached to the stems.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F158EAB58AC06C8B3318CBBE0B36581">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D6115C8321A148749198DA899850CC38" author="Bitter G" firstAuthor="Bitter" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen Herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Bremen [preprint]" pagination="292-520" refId="B12" refString="Bitter G (1919) Die Gattung Lycianthes. Abhandlungen Herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Bremen [preprint] 24: 292–520." title="Die Gattung Lycianthes." volume="24" year="1919">Bitter (1919)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
cited a single collection in the Bogor herbarium (“ Teysmann n. 8918! hb. Bogor ”) in the protologue of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DBB17B9F62279189D8B61450F149471D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aceratia">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D4765C4410D0DA46971D8DEAE97CD5" italics="true">L. aceratia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The Bogor specimen (acc. # BO- 1323491) bears an annotation slip in Bitter’s distinctive hand, suggesting he had this material in his possession at some point. Bitter never travelled to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="97DEB8903FC1DABF6BFCE1BE3C9FA79D" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="189F8F6DBF2B52E3828D1070080506E6" DOI="10.1111/j.1438-8677.1928.tb03768.x" author="Weber" firstAuthor="Weber" refId="B131" refString="Weber CA (1929) Georg Bitter (Obituary). Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 46 (2 Gen. - Heft): 148–156. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.1928.tb03768.x" year="1929">Weber 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) but must have had material on loan from Bogor itself; he never cites the Leiden collections in his
|
||
<taxonomicName id="661F93EA9C0C1C991359DB6D873A6B85" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AE43E9837651F5C3915D31312E4F2EA5" italics="true">Lycianthes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
monograph. This indicates he only saw the Bogor sheets of collections that are duplicated in Leiden, as when he examined sheets of the same collection from various herbaria his practice was to cite them all. I have therefore treated the Bogor sheet of
|
||
<emphasis id="D5A9C9BE226D5204BCB02A07BAFD9B24" italics="true">Teijsmann 8918</emphasis>
|
||
as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="272A5424895040C66C3324BA5E5A1D4A" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3FF3A980B47F18AF6E137EEBA456712C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aceratia">
|
||
<emphasis id="9BFFA8E9B73D462511F04D210F5E8F18" italics="true">L. aceratia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="810E130CAC5A87119883D1E4263C9580">
|
||
In the protologue of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0704E04E3065DF2DE912EEFEC5CC496A" authority="Bitter (1919)" authorityName="Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Vereins" authorityYear="1919" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="anisophylla" variety="masbateensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C3000B5920EB83943FE21C1063F1C457" italics="true">L. anisophylla var. masbateensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5CB6843A7AAD03B6D73CA0AD755F58AD" author="Bitter G" firstAuthor="Bitter" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen Herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Bremen [preprint]" pagination="292-520" refId="B12" refString="Bitter G (1919) Die Gattung Lycianthes. Abhandlungen Herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Bremen [preprint] 24: 292–520." title="Die Gattung Lycianthes." volume="24" year="1919">Bitter (1919)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cited a duplicate of
|
||
<emphasis id="3B4A63CBD299C65A5A267CC0E25A36C9" italics="true">Merrill 3046</emphasis>
|
||
at Berlin, now destroyed. I have selected the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7626B35F9484B601CCA3AA1C477FECD2" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
duplicate (barcode 0027867, acc. # 438017) as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="EDAE79D83B299BBC863F6F740703ABD4" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; Merrill worked for the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="13F51426AE8ABA6ACD9248B351BA9011" name="United States of America">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
government as the Director of the Philippine Bureau of Agriculture during the first quarter of the 20
|
||
<superScript id="AA1DB6E9C13F9FF30FBEADF0AF8D8DE2">th</superScript>
|
||
Century, leaving in 1923 to return to the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1E252C4FDB0C8F7C151BFF14A8DB410C" name="United States of America">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CCB014718FEAF679059773C0D844D4C0" DOI="10.1002/j.1996-8175.1957.tb02704.x" author="Schultes" firstAuthor="Schultes" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pagination="89-101" refId="B110" refString="Schultes RE (1957) Elmer Drew Merrill: An appreciation. Taxon 6 (4): 89–101. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1996-8175.1957.tb02704.x" title="Elmer Drew Merrill: An appreciation." volume="6" year="1957">Schultes 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). He regularly sent duplicates to the National Herbarium and the specimen there is the best preserved of those I have seen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |