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<document id="88753B538F7A344BFD0201B43A1D504D" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.13244740" ID-ISSN="2345-7600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13244740" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722970161043" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Lam, Katherine &amp; Morton, Brian" docDate="2004" docId="F01A87829300F600FF6353F9B53BFCD9" docLanguage="en" docName="RafflesBZool.52.1.11-28.pdf" docOrigin="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 52 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:19380AF0FBA5B2F218DD253A34ABE57F.5:RafflesBZool.2003-2005.journal_article" docStyleId="19380AF0FBA5B2F218DD253A34ABE57F" docStyleName="RafflesBZool.2003-2005.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Crassostrea hongkongensis Lam &amp; Morton 2003" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="0C23FFFA9307F607FFFB526EB07AFFAC" masterDocTitle="The Oysters Of Hong Kong (Bivalvia: Ostreidae And Gryphaeidae)" masterLastPageNumber="28" masterPageNumber="11" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1722975523410" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="3D3BAC1698FDAD6E7E3FD5C6BA72AEDE" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="AB3691B082FC8FB3C1B62C90CEB0D25D">
<mods:title id="679CA89D7B96596E1B121E9A7185BA74">The Oysters Of Hong Kong (Bivalvia: Ostreidae And Gryphaeidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="F9FC0B774E82F7053F6E42894257AC87" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="1BC83448011A1225EE1985A05F516668">Lam, Katherine</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="BFA43FA23F297B5023DC5A7874F20187" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="BCA18A5FD2792DBE0562BDE70EB00408">Morton, Brian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4A147D3C0F6CB37B464AF09D5F64E3C3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="77C93171079A2111B257EF6ED3B89FD0">Raffles Bulletin of Zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B898E0856C18CDD8612166322667CA55">2004</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="4A7CC36F3A720C55BF353140ECFBC27A" type="volume">
<mods:number id="E6E752FEBDCE21ED2EBE868850F5EFC0">52</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="031EC4A6DB083A6A80E549E21C5C7459" type="issue">
<mods:number id="B07E8CC6DE02E9F0FA469BC3DC269614">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="06DE81E8014F913AA5215456C5A7496E">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="63865FCA8A32C5110C121902017722F2" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.13244740</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="332D333B891C3FA4E0E55902BAB3C4E1" type="ISSN">2345-7600</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EA9C89E92860FBDC2D71E376C786A1B8" type="Zenodo-Dep">13244740</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F01A87829300F600FF6353F9B53BFCD9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13244871" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13244871" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F01A87829300F600FF6353F9B53BFCD9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F01A87829300F600FF6353F9B53BFCD9" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">
<subSubSection id="30A9651F9300F600FF6353F9B188FDA9" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="780C36949300F600FF6353F9B2B0FE03" blockId="7.[152,714,407,431]" box="[152,714,407,431]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="234481F89300F600FF6353F9B2B0FE03" bold="true" box="[152,714,407,431]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="BFB34D179300F600FF6353F9B2B0FE03" ID-CoL="Z6ZF" authority="Lam &amp; Morton, 2003" authorityName="Lam &amp; Morton" authorityYear="2003" box="[152,714,407,431]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Crassostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hongkongensis">
<emphasis id="4AC7EA869300F600FF6353F9B2B0FE03" bold="true" box="[152,714,407,431]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="4AC7EA869300F600FF6353F9B1B0FE03" bold="true" box="[152,458,407,431]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Crassostrea hongkongensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C224B659300F600FE2953F9B2B0FE03" author="Lam, K &amp; Morton, P" box="[466,714,407,431]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" pagination="331 - 346" refId="ref13083" refString="Lam, K., B. Morton, P. Boudry &amp; S. Heurtebise, 2003. Morphological and mitochondrial DNA characteristics of two cultured species of Crassostrea (Bivalvia: Ostreidae) in Hong Kong: towards a significant taxonomic name change. In: Morton, B. (ed.), Perspectives on Marine Environmental Change in Hong Kong and Southern China, 1977 - 2001. Proceedings of Hong Kong's International Workshops Reunion Conference (1977 - 2001). Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong. Pp. 331 - 346." type="book chapter" year="2003">Lam &amp; Morton, 2003</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="780C36949300F600FF3A53BFB188FDA9" blockId="7.[193,672,465,517]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">
Common name:
<collectingCountry id="00A476049300F600FE8C53BFB18CFE44" box="[375,502,465,488]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
cultured oyster (
<figureCitation id="E0882A119300F600FE835380B1B8FDA9" box="[376,450,494,517]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[136,172,2065,2086]" captionTargetBox="[136,1476,554,1990]" captionTargetId="figure-219@6.[136,1478,554,1990]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. Crassostrea from Hong Kong showing external and internal views of the right valves and the internal views of the left valves. A- C. C. lugubris (NHM 20030490). D-F. C. angulata (NHM 20030491). G-I. C. hongkongensis (NHM 20020501). Scale bars = 20 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13244746" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13244746/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
G-I)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30A9651F9300F600FF8A5045B290FDD6" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="780C36949300F600FF8A5045B259FDF1" blockId="7.[113,752,555,634]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="58A311BA9300F600FF8A5045B259FDF1" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="BFB34D179300F600FF8A5045B158FDEC" baseAuthorityName="Thunberg" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[113,290,555,576]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Crasssotrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="4AC7EA869300F600FF8A5045B158FDEC" box="[113,290,555,576]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Crasssotrea gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="F91210859300F600FEC05045B206FDEC" author="Morton, B" box="[315,636,555,576]" page="139" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" year="1975">
<bibRefCitation id="1C224B659300F600FEC05045B206FDEC" author="Morton, B" box="[315,636,555,576]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" pagination="139 - 149" refId="ref13547" refString="Morton, B. &amp; P. S. Wong, 1975. The Hong Kong oyster industry. Journal of Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 15: 139 - 149." type="journal article" year="1975">Morton &amp; Wong, 1975: 139-149</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, Pls. 14-16;
<treatmentCitation id="F91210859300F600FF6C5026B102FDF1" author="Morris, S" box="[151,376,584,605]" page="123" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" year="1985">
<bibRefCitation id="1C224B659300F600FF6C5026B102FDF1" author="Morris, S" box="[151,376,584,605]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" pagination="119 - 38" refId="ref13453" refString="Morris, S., 1985. Preliminary guide to the oysters of Hong Kong. Asian Marine Biology, 2: 119 - 38." type="journal article" year="1985">Morris, 1985: 123-125</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, Pl. 2, Figs. A-F.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="780C36949300F600FF8A500BB290FDD6" blockId="7.[113,752,555,634]" box="[113,746,613,634]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="BFB34D179300F600FF8A500BB2DAFDD6" ID-CoL="Z6ZF" authority="Lam &amp; Morton, 2003 a: 1 - 13" authorityName="Lam &amp; Morton" authorityPageNumber="1 - 13" authorityYear="2003" box="[113,672,613,634]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Crassostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hongkongensis">
<emphasis id="4AC7EA869300F600FF8A500BB105FDD6" box="[113,383,613,634]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Crassostrea hongkongensis</emphasis>
Lam &amp; Morton, 2003a: 1-13
</taxonomicName>
,
<figureCitation id="E0882A119300F600FD50500BB29CFDD6" box="[683,742,613,634]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[136,172,2065,2086]" captionTargetBox="[136,1476,554,1990]" captionTargetId="figure-219@6.[136,1478,554,1990]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. Crassostrea from Hong Kong showing external and internal views of the right valves and the internal views of the left valves. A- C. C. lugubris (NHM 20030490). D-F. C. angulata (NHM 20030491). G-I. C. hongkongensis (NHM 20020501). Scale bars = 20 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13244746" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13244746/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30A9651F9300F600FF8A50F1B12BFC5D" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="780C36949300F600FF8A50F1B2ACFD42" blockId="7.[113,752,671,750]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="4AC7EA869300F600FF8A50F1B147FD18" bold="true" box="[113,317,671,692]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Material examined. –</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="C8DB3CC99300F600FEBA50F1B2ACFD42" collectingDate="2001-02-09" collectionCode="NHM" collectorName="K. Lam" country="Hong Kong" location="Deep Bay" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="NHM 20020501" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="A70888369300F600FEBA50F1B1E2FD18" box="[321,408,671,692]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
– One dry shell and preserved tissues (135 by
<quantity id="BF4B9B719300F600FF3F50D2B167FD7D" box="[196,285,700,721]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="82.5">82.5 mm</quantity>
)(
<specimenCode id="28159EEF9300F600FED150D2B1AAFD7D" box="[298,464,700,721]" collectionCode="NHM" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14908" name="University of Nottingham" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" type="Herbarium">NHM 20020501</specimenCode>
), ‘‘Lau Fau Shan,
<location id="7D6C604F9300F600FD7250D2B296FD7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F01A87829300F600FF6353F9B53BFCD9:7D6C604F9300F600FD7250D2B296FD7D" box="[649,748,700,721]" country="Hong Kong" name="Deep Bay" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Deep Bay</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="00A476049300F600FF8A50B7B09CFD42" box="[113,230,729,750]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
, 837 500N 816 950E’’, coll.
<collectorName id="D54653429300F600FDF350B7B22CFD42" box="[520,598,729,750]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">K. Lam</collectorName>
,
<date id="0C0D10549300F600FD9A50B7B2A8FD42" box="[609,722,729,750]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" value="2001-02-09">
<collectingDate id="1C49E9BC9300F600FD9A50B7B2A8FD42" box="[609,722,729,750]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" value="2001-02-09">9 Feb.2001</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="780C36949300F600FF8A517CB12BFCCD" blockId="7.[113,752,786,865]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">
<materialsCitation id="C8DB3CC99300F600FF8A517CB137FCCD" collectingDate="2001-02-09" collectionCode="NHM, UMMZ" collectorName="K. Lam" country="Hong Kong" location="Deep Bay" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="NHM 20020502, UMMZ 3000076" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="A70888369300F600FF8A517CB0AAFC8B" box="[113,208,786,807]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
– Three dry shells and preserved tissues (largest 160 by
<quantity id="BF4B9B719300F600FF8A5141B0C3FCE8" box="[113,185,815,836]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="93.0">93 mm</quantity>
)(
<specimenCode id="28159EEF9300F600FF3D5141B116FCE8" box="[198,364,815,836]" collectionCode="NHM" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14908" name="University of Nottingham" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" type="Herbarium">NHM 20020502</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="28159EEF9300F600FE835141B25EFCE8" box="[376,548,815,836]" collectionCode="UMMZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ra64-3eva" name="University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" type="University or college">UMMZ 3000076</specimenCode>
, NSMT-Mo 73486), same data as holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="780C36949300F600FF8A51EBB12BFC5D" blockId="7.[113,753,901,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">
<materialsCitation id="C8DB3CC99300F600FF8A51EBB246FC1B" collectingDate="2001-02-09" collectionCode="NHM" collectorName="K. Lam" country="Hong Kong" location="Deep Bay" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="NHM 20020503" specimenCount="1">
Others – Ten dry shells and preserved tissues (largest 129 by
<quantity id="BF4B9B719300F600FD2351EBB0E2FC1B" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="76.0">76 mm</quantity>
)(
<specimenCode id="28159EEF9300F600FF5E51CCB136FC1B" box="[165,332,930,951]" collectionCode="NHM" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14908" name="University of Nottingham" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" type="Herbarium">NHM 20020503</specimenCode>
), same data as holotype
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="C8DB3CC99300F600FDBC51CCB137FC5D" collectingDate="2001-02-09" collectionCode="SBMNH" collectorName="K. Lam" country="Hong Kong" location="Deep Bay" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="SBMNH 348407-348416" specimenCount="1">
10 dry shells and preserved tissues (largest 161 by
<quantity id="BF4B9B719300F600FE5851D1B19CFC78" box="[419,486,959,980]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="68.0">68 mm</quantity>
)(
<specimenCode id="28159EEF9300F600FE0851D1B29CFC78" box="[499,742,959,980]" collectionCode="SBMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" name="Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">SBMNH 348407-348416</specimenCode>
), same data as holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30A9651F9300F600FF8A5677B24DF79C" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" type="description">
<paragraph id="780C36949300F600FF8A5677B096F91C" blockId="7.[113,753,1049,1712]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="4AC7EA869300F600FF8A5677B170FB9D" bold="true" box="[113,266,1049,1073]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Description. –</emphasis>
Shell elongate dorsoventrally with a spatulate form, being broader towards the ventral margin and tapering dorsally. Right valve is slightly convex. Left valve is cupped. No ribs on the surface of either the right or left valves. The surface is encrusted with smaller oysters and barnacles and the shell is bored by polychaetes, sponges and the bivalve
<taxonomicName id="BFB34D179300F600FF8A56B7B26AFB5C" authority="(Wong, 1975)" baseAuthorityName="Wong" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[113,528,1241,1264]" class="Bivalvia" family="Pholadidae" genus="Aspidopholas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myida" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtecta">
<emphasis id="4AC7EA869300F600FF8A56B7B119FB5C" box="[113,355,1241,1264]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Aspidopholas obtecta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1C224B659300F600FE8D56B7B27DFB5C" author="Wong, P" box="[374,519,1241,1264]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" refId="ref14783" refString="Wong, P. S., 1975. The community associated with the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas Thunberg) in Deep Bay, Hong Kong with special reference to the shell borer Aspidopholas obtecta Sowerby. M. Phil. Thesis. The University of Hong Kong. 191 pp." type="book" year="1975">Wong, 1975</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Concentric growth increment lines spreading from the umbone of the right valve give rise to brownish-yellow and brittle conchiolin lamellae. Unbroken lamellae have radiating rays which end in the slightly undulating ventral shell margin. The soft flaky lamellae of the outer prismatic layer at the ventral margin forms a flexible edge. At the older parts of the shell, i.e. near the umbones, the lamellae are eroded with the white chalky layer of the shell often exposed. The left valve is covered with white growth squamae. During life, the left dorsal shell margin grows towards the right, producing commarginal and slightly erect layers of old ventral margins during each season of faster growth. Attachment area is small and appears as a patch at the umbone with the rest of the left valve surface unattached.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="780C36949300F600FF8A54B7B24DF79C" blockId="7.[113,752,1753,2096]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">The hinge line is short and slightly curved. The ligament is large, occupying the full length of the hinge line. The resilifer is typically greatly elongated in both valves with a deep channel formed by the growth increments of the inner fibrous layer of the ligament. The interior of the shell is transclucent white with patches of opaque white chalky deposits. The adductor muscle scar is large, D-shaped and white with light purple growth lines. The adductor muscle scar is located towards the posterior side between the middle and ventral third of the pallial area. Chomata on the inner shell margin and commissural shelf are not developed.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30A9651F9300F600FCD652AFB4C0FE7A" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="780C36949300F600FCD652AFB4C0FE7A" blockId="7.[813,1452,193,470]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="4AC7EA869300F600FCD652AFB3B5FF75" bold="true" box="[813,975,193,217]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Distribution. –</emphasis>
This species is cultivated in the Pearl River Delta,
<collectingRegion id="BA77F8769300F600FC80528FB417FF54" box="[891,1133,225,248]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Guangdong Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="00A476049300F600FB87528FB4BBFF54" box="[1148,1217,225,248]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">China</collectingCountry>
, i.e. under estuarine conditions. In
<collectingCountry id="00A476049300F600FC36536EB42AFEBB" box="[973,1104,256,279]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
, it occurs only in Deep Bay (= Hau Hoi Wan). It is cultured in oyster farms but also occurs as wild individuals on intertidal and subtidal rocks along the shoreline of Deep Bay. This species may also be cultured in oyster farms along the shores of the Pearl River Delta, and elsewhere in
<collectingCountry id="00A476049300F600FC4153F1B384FE1A" box="[954,1022,415,438]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">China</collectingCountry>
. Deep Bay,
<collectingCountry id="00A476049300F600FB8553F1B486FE1A" box="[1150,1276,415,438]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
is, however, the only known locality for this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30A9651F9300F600FCD65390B53BFCD9" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="780C36949300F600FCD65390B53BFCD9" blockId="7.[813,1452,510,885]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="4AC7EA869300F600FCD65390B3DCFDBA" bold="true" box="[813,934,510,534]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Remarks. –</emphasis>
In the Pearl River Delta, the cultivation of species of
<taxonomicName id="BFB34D179300F600FCB75070B3B4FD99" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1897" box="[844,974,542,565]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Crassostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4AC7EA869300F600FCB75070B3B4FD99" box="[844,974,542,565]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Crassostrea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is reputed to have a ~700 year history, the industry in
<collectingCountry id="00A476049300F600FC505050B451FDF9" box="[939,1067,574,597]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
currently being centred around the village of Lau Fau Shan in Deep Bay. There are two methods of oyster cultivation employed in Deep Bay. One involves the collection of spat on concrete tiles (25 13
<quantity id="BF4B9B719300F600FAC350F0B5FFFD19" box="[1336,1413,670,693]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
) or posts deployed on the lower shore and sublittoral mud (
<bibRefCitation id="1C224B659300F600FCCF50B0B43AFD59" author="Morton, B" box="[820,1088,734,757]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" pagination="139 - 149" refId="ref13547" refString="Morton, B. &amp; P. S. Wong, 1975. The Hong Kong oyster industry. Journal of Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 15: 139 - 149." type="journal article" year="1975">Morton &amp; Wong, 1975</bibRefCitation>
) whereas the other is the more recently developed raft culture. Shucked oysters cultivated in Deep Bay are usually either sold fresh to
<collectingCountry id="00A476049300F600FAD25170B5D6FC99" box="[1321,1452,798,821]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
markets or sun-dried for export. Part of the harvest is sold to make oyster sauce, a popular Chinese seasoning.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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