treatments-xml/data/69/18/87/691887899A6DB827FC852E8AFD16FCAA.xml

<document id="137F5FBA2B53DE782413B5AF924D6EAB" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5393063" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5393063" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630317937226" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Fahey, Shireen J. &amp; Gosliner, Terrence M." docDate="2000" docId="691887899A6DB827FC852E8AFD16FCAA" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.2000.22.3.471-498.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 22 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:64A3174DE33E974D4EB6573A0A793B12.4:Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type2" docStyleId="64A3174DE33E974D4EB6573A0A793B12" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type2" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Halgerda abyssicola Fahey &amp; Gosliner 2000, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="482" masterDocId="9521FFF19A65B82CFFCC2F2FFFEEFFC8" masterDocTitle="New records of Halgerda Bergh, 1880 (Opisthobranchia, Nudibranchia) from the deep western Pacific Ocean, with descriptions of four new species" masterLastPageNumber="498" masterPageNumber="471" pageNumber="479" updateTime="1699224944567" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="013D9CE5058C1DC39A23D70A43040BC7">New records of Halgerda Bergh, 1880 (Opisthobranchia, Nudibranchia) from the deep western Pacific Ocean, with descriptions of four new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CD81F385EF7BC38722DA710187E2BF14">Fahey, Shireen J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F7A3AB5F50FE39F17E1E31B60BE2647D">Gosliner, Terrence M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D205801E02A5EFC44999291F29A169F8">California Academy of Sciences Invertebrate Zoology and Geology Golden Gate Park San Francisco, California 94118 (USA) sfahey @ calacademy. org tgosline @ calacademy. org.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="1BDE65BC51BE9CEEAEF6C3C51CA01592">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="143EB31A6C97A133F57A90AB09B06E75">2000</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6DB824FC852E8AFB8FFE76" blockId="8.[841,1121,420,478]" box="[841,1121,420,447]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">
<heading id="BA4681F39A6DB824FC852E8AFB8FFE76" box="[841,1121,420,447]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6DB824FC852E8AFBF0FE77" ID-CoL="3JBHB" authority="Fahey &amp; Gosliner, 2000" authorityName="Fahey &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2000" box="[841,1054,421,447]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abyssicola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6DB824FC852E8AFBF0FE77" bold="true" box="[841,1054,421,447]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">Halgerda abyssicola</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="C8F657F69A6DB824FBE92E8BFB8FFE76" box="[1061,1121,420,446]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="A9AB65149A6DB824FC4B2EEBFBCCFE16" box="[903,1058,452,478]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" type="description">
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6DB824FC4B2EEBFBCCFE16" blockId="8.[841,1121,420,478]" box="[903,1058,452,478]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">
(
<figureCitation id="798A2A1A9A6DB824FC422EEBFC06FE16" box="[910,1000,452,478]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="3.[151,162,1118,1135]" captionTargetBox="[151,1247,166,1103]" captionTargetId="figure-274@3.[133,1266,163,1103]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIG. 1. — Photos of new Halgerda species from the deep sea; A, Halgerda fibra n. sp., living animal, dorsal view (MNHN BATHUS 3); B, Halgerda fibra n. sp., preserved animal, ventral view (MNHN BATHUS 3); C, Halgerda fibra n. sp., living animal, dorsal view (MNHN CHALCAL 2 CP20); D, Halgerda abyssicola n. sp., living animal, dorsal view (MNHN MUSORSTOM 8 CP1132). Scale bar: A, B, 5 mm; C, 2 mm; D, 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5393065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5393065/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">Figs 1D</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="798A2A1A9A6DB824FC382EEBFBF4FE16" box="[1012,1050,452,478]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStart-2="FIG" captionStartId-0="7.[151,162,746,763]" captionStartId-1="9.[151,162,1435,1452]" captionStartId-2="10.[714,725,584,601]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1247,161,709]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1247,166,1407]" captionTargetBox-2="[727,1198,171,561]" captionTargetId-1="graphics-157@9.[491,1213,731,1374]" captionTargetId-2="figure-589@10.[737,1211,152,569]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionText-0="FIG. 5. — Halgerda abyssicola n. sp., preserved animal, (MNHN MUSORSTOM 8 CP1132); A, dorsal view; B, ventral view. Scale bar: 4 mm." captionText-1="FIG. 6. — Electron micrographs of H. abyssicola n. sp. (MNHN MUSORSTOM 8 CP1084), radular morphology; A, outer lateral teeth; B, inner lateral teeth; C, middle lateral teeth; D, middle lateral teeth. Scale bars: A, 75 µm; B, 150 µm; C, 75 µm; D, 100 µm." captionText-2="FIG. 7. — Drawing of H. abyssicola n. sp., reproductive morphology. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; bc, bursa copulatrix; ej, ejaculatory duct; fgm, female gland mass; ga, genital atrium; p, penis; pr, prostate; rs, receptaculum seminis; v, vagina. Scale: 7.5 ×." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5393073" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5393075" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5393077" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5393073/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5393075/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5393077/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">5-7</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A9AB65149A6DB824FD062D24FBDDFD7A" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6DB824FD062D24FC53FD9F" blockId="8.[714,1247,523,897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">
<materialsCitation id="51D93CC29A6DB824FD062D24FC53FD9F" collectingDate="1994-10-05" collectionCode="MNHN" country="Vanuatu" elevation="244" latitude="-15.848333" location="Vanuatu" longLatPrecision="895" longitude="167.28334" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" specimenCode="MUSORSTOM 8" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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. — 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6DB824FCB82D24FC33FDEB" bold="true" box="[884,989,523,547]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">
<collectingCountry id="99A6760F9A6DB824FCB82D24FC39FDEB" box="[884,983,523,547]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="B1179EE49A6DB824FC2A2D23FB41FDEC" box="[998,1199,524,548]" collectionCode="MUSORSTOM" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">MUSORSTOM 8</specimenCode>
, stn CP1084, 
<geoCoordinate id="848550589A6DB824FCE52D0AFC62FDF5" box="[809,908,549,573]" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="50.9" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" precision="92" value="-15.848333">15°50.9’S</geoCoordinate>
, 
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, 
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<elevation id="6A9CD1AC9A6DB824FBCD2D0AFB9FFDF4" box="[1025,1137,549,573]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.435" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.07" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" unit="m" value="243.5" valueMax="280.0" valueMin="207.0">207-280 m</elevation>
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, 
<date id="950F105F9A6DB824FBB02D0AFB35FDF5" box="[1148,1243,549,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" value="1994-10-05">
<collectingDate id="854BE9B79A6DB824FBB02D0AFB35FDF5" box="[1148,1243,549,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" value="1994-10-05">5.X.1994</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="F7B7FD169A6DB824FD062D10FD15FD9D" box="[714,763,574,599]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" type="generic">1 sp.</specimenCount>
, 
<quantity id="26499B7A9A6DB824FCC92D10FCA3FD9D" box="[773,845,574,599]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
(
<collectionCode id="87A0AE5A9A6DB824FC962D10FC5CFD9F" box="[858,946,575,599]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">MNHN</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6DB824FD062D49FBDDFD7A" blockId="8.[714,1247,523,897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">
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. — 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6DB824FC992D49FC24FDB6" bold="true" box="[853,970,614,638]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">Banc Nova.</emphasis>
Coral Sea, 
<collectionCode id="87A0AE5A9A6DB824FBF02D48FB31FDB7" box="[1084,1247,615,639]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">MUSORSTOM</collectionCode>
5, stn DW304, 
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="848550589A6DB824FC282DAEFBA0FD51" box="[996,1102,641,665]" degrees="159" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" precision="925" value="159.43333">159°26’E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="26499B7A9A6DB824FB912DAEFB34FD5F" box="[1117,1242,640,665]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.025" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.85" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" unit="m" value="402.5" valueMax="420.0" valueMin="385.0">385-420 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="950F105F9A6DB824FD062DB5FCD8FD7A" box="[714,822,666,690]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" value="1986-10-12">12.X.1986</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="F7B7FD169A6DB824FC8C2DB5FC9EFD78" box="[832,880,665,690]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" type="generic">1 sp.</specimenCount>
, 
<quantity id="26499B7A9A6DB824FCB72DB5FC2CFD78" box="[891,962,665,690]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" unit="mm" value="26.0">26 mm</quantity>
(
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).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A9AB65149A6DB824FD062DEEFB8EFCEC" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6DB824FD062DEEFB8EFCEC" blockId="8.[714,1247,523,897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">
ETYMOLOGY. — The specific name is taken from the latinised form of the Greek 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6DB824FC292DF3FBCAFD3C" box="[997,1060,732,756]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">abyssos</emphasis>
meaning the deep sea and the Latin 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6DB824FC4E2DDAFC49FCC5" box="[898,935,757,781]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">cola</emphasis>
meaning dweller. This species was found at depths between 
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207- 
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.
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<subSubSection id="A9AB65149A6DB824FD062C19FCB6FC48" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6DB824FD062C19FCB6FC48" blockId="8.[714,1247,523,897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">
DISTRIBUTION. — This species is found in the Coral Sea, east to 
<collectingCountry id="99A6760F9A6DB824FC8A2C60FC73FCAE" box="[838,925,847,870]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
(present study) at depths from 
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207 to 
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.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A9AB65149A6DB826FD062C88FF3DF94A" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="481" pageId="8" pageNumber="479" type="description">
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6DB824FD062C88FCB5FC77" blockId="8.[714,1248,935,1666]" box="[714,859,935,961]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6DB824FD062CE7FC71FC2A" blockId="8.[714,1248,935,1666]" box="[714,927,968,994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6DB824FD062CE7FC71FC2A" box="[714,927,968,994]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">External morphology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6DB824FD062CC7FB6BFA0A" blockId="8.[714,1248,935,1666]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">
Transparencies of living animals and preserved specimens were studied. The animals have a firm, smooth body. The body profile is high and the dorsum has ridges arranged in a reticulate pattern (
<figureCitation id="798A2A1A9A6DB824FD1E2B47FCDDFB4A" box="[722,819,1128,1154]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="3.[151,162,1118,1135]" captionTargetBox="[151,1247,166,1103]" captionTargetId="figure-274@3.[133,1266,163,1103]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIG. 1. — Photos of new Halgerda species from the deep sea; A, Halgerda fibra n. sp., living animal, dorsal view (MNHN BATHUS 3); B, Halgerda fibra n. sp., preserved animal, ventral view (MNHN BATHUS 3); C, Halgerda fibra n. sp., living animal, dorsal view (MNHN CHALCAL 2 CP20); D, Halgerda abyssicola n. sp., living animal, dorsal view (MNHN MUSORSTOM 8 CP1132). Scale bar: A, B, 5 mm; C, 2 mm; D, 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5393065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5393065/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">Figs 1D</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="798A2A1A9A6DB824FC8C2B47FCBFFB4A" box="[832,849,1128,1154]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[151,162,746,763]" captionTargetBox="[151,1247,161,709]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 5. — Halgerda abyssicola n. sp., preserved animal, (MNHN MUSORSTOM 8 CP1132); A, dorsal view; B, ventral view. Scale bar: 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5393073" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5393073/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">5</figureCitation>
). There are pronounced tubercles at the ridge junctions. The gill and rhinophoral pockets are smooth. The ground color of the dorsum and foot is white with a gray tinge in both the living animals and in the preserved state. There are dark lines that outline both sides of each ridge. The ridges and tubercles are pale yellow-white. There is thick, dark pigment in lines perpendicular to the mantle edge, and there are dark spots along the mantle margin. There are the same dark spots on the underside of the body and on the foot.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6DB824FD062AE7FB29F98A" blockId="8.[714,1248,935,1666]" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">The rhinophores are tapered towards the tips. The rhinophore base is white with a thick, dark line extending down the length on the posterior side of the stalk. There are 43-45 rhinophoral lamellae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6DB825FD062967FE14F94A" blockId="8.[714,1248,935,1666]" lastBlockId="9.[151,684,1543,1666]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="480" pageId="8" pageNumber="479">The bipinnate gill is sparsely pinnate. There are two anterior and two posterior gill branches. Each of the two posterior branches is divided into three secondary branches and each has a dark stripe on the anterior side. The anal papilla is long and has dark pigment on the tip.</paragraph>
<caption id="B5CE66179A6CB825FF5B2AB4FB76FA09" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5393075" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5393075" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5393075/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="480" startId="9.[151,162,1435,1452]" targetBox="[151,1247,166,1407]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6CB825FF5B2AB4FB76FA09" blockId="9.[151,1248,1435,1473]" pageId="9" pageNumber="480">
FIG. 6. — Electron micrographs of 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6CB825FE792AB4FDCDFA64" authority="Fahey &amp; Gosliner, 2000" authorityName="Fahey &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2000" box="[437,547,1435,1452]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="480" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abyssicola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6CB825FE792AB4FDCDFA64" box="[437,547,1435,1452]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="480">H. abyssicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C8F657F69A6CB825FDE52AB4FDB7FA64" box="[553,601,1435,1452]" pageId="9" pageNumber="480" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(MNHN MUSORSTOM 8 CP1084), radular morphology; 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6CB825FBFC2AB4FBD3FA64" bold="true" box="[1072,1085,1435,1452]" pageId="9" pageNumber="480">A</emphasis>
, outer lateral teeth; 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6CB825FF5B2A9FFF4AFA09" bold="true" box="[151,164,1456,1473]" pageId="9" pageNumber="480">B</emphasis>
, inner lateral teeth; 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6CB825FE852A9FFEB9FA09" bold="true" box="[329,343,1456,1473]" pageId="9" pageNumber="480">C</emphasis>
, middle lateral teeth; 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6CB825FDC72A9FFDF7FA09" bold="true" box="[523,537,1456,1473]" pageId="9" pageNumber="480">D</emphasis>
, middle lateral teeth. Scale bars: A, 75 µm; B, 150 µm; C, 75 µm; D, 100 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6CB825FD062927FC75F9EA" blockId="9.[714,1247,1544,1666]" box="[714,923,1544,1570]" pageId="9" pageNumber="480">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6CB825FD062927FC75F9EA" box="[714,923,1544,1570]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="480">Radular morphology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6CB826FD062907FEE1FD6A" blockId="9.[714,1247,1544,1666]" lastBlockId="10.[151,684,167,674]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="481" pageId="9" pageNumber="480">
The buccal mass is not pigmented. The radular sac is elongate and protrudes from the buccal mass. The labial cuticle is smooth and devoid of any jaw rodlets. The radula (
<figureCitation id="798A2A1A9A6FB826FE1A2F87FDF6FF0A" box="[470,536,168,194]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[151,162,1435,1452]" captionTargetBox="[151,1247,166,1407]" captionTargetId="graphics-157@9.[491,1213,731,1374]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 6. — Electron micrographs of H. abyssicola n. sp. (MNHN MUSORSTOM 8 CP1084), radular morphology; A, outer lateral teeth; B, inner lateral teeth; C, middle lateral teeth; D, middle lateral teeth. Scale bars: A, 75 µm; B, 150 µm; C, 75 µm; D, 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5393075" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5393075/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
) of the 
<typeStatus id="3E0A883D9A6FB826FDBE2F87FF28FF29" pageId="10" pageNumber="481" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(MNHN MUSORSTOM 8 CP1084) has a formula of 35 × 57.0.57 and the 
<typeStatus id="3E0A883D9A6FB826FD8D2FC8FD42FEC9" box="[577,684,231,257]" pageId="10" pageNumber="481" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(MNHN MUSORSTOM 5 DW304) has a formula of 39 × 37.0.37. The three outer teeth (
<figureCitation id="798A2A1A9A6FB826FF532E67FF19FEAA" box="[159,247,328,354]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[151,162,1435,1452]" captionTargetBox="[151,1247,166,1407]" captionTargetId="graphics-157@9.[491,1213,731,1374]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 6. — Electron micrographs of H. abyssicola n. sp. (MNHN MUSORSTOM 8 CP1084), radular morphology; A, outer lateral teeth; B, inner lateral teeth; C, middle lateral teeth; D, middle lateral teeth. Scale bars: A, 75 µm; B, 150 µm; C, 75 µm; D, 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5393075" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5393075/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
) are much smaller than the inner and middle lateral teeth and only the outermost tooth has very small, blunt denticles. The second and third teeth have no denticles. The 10 or so inner lateral teeth (
<figureCitation id="798A2A1A9A6FB826FEB52EE7FE3CFE2A" box="[377,466,456,482]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[151,162,1435,1452]" captionTargetBox="[151,1247,166,1407]" captionTargetId="graphics-157@9.[491,1213,731,1374]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 6. — Electron micrographs of H. abyssicola n. sp. (MNHN MUSORSTOM 8 CP1084), radular morphology; A, outer lateral teeth; B, inner lateral teeth; C, middle lateral teeth; D, middle lateral teeth. Scale bars: A, 75 µm; B, 150 µm; C, 75 µm; D, 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5393075" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5393075/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
) are much smaller and have shorter hooks than the middle lateral teeth and the rows are arranged in a V-shaped pattern. The middle lateral teeth (
<figureCitation id="798A2A1A9A6FB826FDEC2D07FD96FD8A" box="[544,632,552,578]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[151,162,1435,1452]" captionTargetBox="[151,1247,166,1407]" captionTargetId="graphics-157@9.[491,1213,731,1374]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 6. — Electron micrographs of H. abyssicola n. sp. (MNHN MUSORSTOM 8 CP1084), radular morphology; A, outer lateral teeth; B, inner lateral teeth; C, middle lateral teeth; D, middle lateral teeth. Scale bars: A, 75 µm; B, 150 µm; C, 75 µm; D, 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5393075" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5393075/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
) are hamate with extremely long, pointed hooks. They have a flattened base that overlaps the adjacent tooth.
</paragraph>
<caption id="B5CE66179A6FB826FD062D67FCDFFD66" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5393077" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5393077" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5393077/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="481" startId="10.[714,725,584,601]" targetBox="[727,1198,171,561]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6FB826FD062D67FCDFFD66" blockId="10.[714,1249,584,687]" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">
FIG. 7. — Drawing of 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6FB826FCB72D67FC07FD91" authority="Fahey &amp; Gosliner, 2000" authorityName="Fahey &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2000" box="[891,1001,584,601]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="10" pageNumber="481" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abyssicola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FCB72D67FC07FD91" box="[891,1001,584,601]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">H. abyssicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C8F657F69A6FB826FC232D67FBCFFD91" box="[1007,1057,584,601]" pageId="10" pageNumber="481" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, reproductive morphology. Abbreviations: 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FCBE2D72FC63FDA6" bold="true" box="[882,909,605,622]" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">am</emphasis>
, ampulla; 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FC2F2D72FC17FDA6" bold="true" box="[995,1017,605,622]" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">bc</emphasis>
, bursa copulatrix; 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FB5E2D72FB4CFDA6" bold="true" box="[1170,1186,605,622]" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">ej</emphasis>
, ejaculatory duct; 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FCF22D5CFC8DFD4C" bold="true" box="[830,867,627,644]" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">fgm</emphasis>
, female gland mass; 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FBFD2D5CFBA6FD4C" bold="true" box="[1073,1096,627,644]" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">ga</emphasis>
, genital atrium; 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FD062DA7FD3BFD51" bold="true" box="[714,725,648,665]" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">p</emphasis>
, penis; 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FCEC2DA7FCDDFD51" bold="true" box="[800,819,648,665]" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">pr</emphasis>
, prostate; 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FC5B2DA7FC47FD51" bold="true" box="[919,937,648,665]" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">rs</emphasis>
, receptaculum seminis; 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FB442DA7FB7CFD51" bold="true" box="[1160,1170,648,665]" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">v</emphasis>
, vagina. Scale: 7.5 ×.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6FB826FF5B2DE7FE8CFD29" blockId="10.[151,685,712,1666]" box="[151,354,712,738]" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FF5B2DE7FE8CFD29" box="[151,354,712,738]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">Reproductive system</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6FB826FF5B2DC7FF3DF94A" blockId="10.[151,685,712,1666]" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">
The reproductive system (
<figureCitation id="798A2A1A9A6FB826FE7B2DC7FE14FCC9" box="[439,506,743,770]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[714,725,584,601]" captionTargetBox="[727,1198,171,561]" captionTargetId="figure-589@10.[737,1211,152,569]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 7. — Drawing of H. abyssicola n. sp., reproductive morphology. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; bc, bursa copulatrix; ej, ejaculatory duct; fgm, female gland mass; ga, genital atrium; p, penis; pr, prostate; rs, receptaculum seminis; v, vagina. Scale: 7.5 ×." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5393077" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5393077/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
) is triaulic. The ampulla is thick, long and lies against the female gland mass. The ampulla narrows into the postampullary duct, which bifurcates into the vas deferens and oviduct. The short oviduct enters the female gland mass. The female gland mass of the animal examined appeared to be not fully mature owing to its small size. The short vas deferens separates from the ampulla and widens into the glandular prostate. The prostate consists of two distinct glandular 
<typeStatus id="3E0A883D9A6FB826FDC02B08FDAAFB89" box="[524,580,1063,1089]" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">types</typeStatus>
and they are well-differentiated as in most other members of 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FF742B47FEC8FB4A" box="[184,294,1128,1154]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6FB826FF742B47FECDFB4A" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1880" box="[184,291,1128,1154]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="10" pageNumber="481" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Halgerda</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The muscular portion of the vas deferens leaves the distal prostate in a long, thick, convoluted duct, that loops three times, then enters the large, wide penial bulb. The short uterine duct emerges from the female gland mass and joins the spherical receptaculum seminis near its base. The duct connecting the receptaculum and the bursa is long and coiled. The round receptaculum seminis is much smaller than the thin-walled spherical bursa copulatrix. The prostate does not cover the bursa copulatrix, but wraps around it as is common in other species of 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6FB826FE862AC7FE42F9CA" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1880" box="[330,428,1512,1538]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="10" pageNumber="481" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FE862AC7FE42F9CA" box="[330,428,1512,1538]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">Halgerda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The vaginal duct that emerges from the base of the bursa copulatrix is long. At its exit is the top of a large, bulbous vagina. The common genital atrium is wide and large.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A9AB65149A6FB827FD062DC8FD16FCAA" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="482" pageId="10" pageNumber="481" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6FB826FD062DC8FCA2FD37" blockId="10.[714,1247,743,1666]" box="[714,844,743,769]" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">DISCUSSION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6FB826FD062C27FCA7FC2A" blockId="10.[714,1247,743,1666]" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">
The external morphology of 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6FB826FBC02C27FB31FCEA" authorityName="Fahey &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2000" box="[1036,1247,776,802]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="10" pageNumber="481" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abyssicola">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FBC02C27FB31FCEA" box="[1036,1247,776,802]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">Halgerda abyssicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has some external similarity to 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6FB826FB9E2C07FC29FCAA" authority="(Carlson &amp; Hoff 2000)" baseAuthorityName="Carlson &amp; Hoff" baseAuthorityYear="2000" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="10" pageNumber="481" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="okinawa">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FB9E2C07FB89FC89" box="[1106,1127,808,833]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">H</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FBB52C07FB31FC8A" box="[1145,1247,808,834]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">okinawa</emphasis>
(Carlson &amp; Hoff 2000)
</taxonomicName>
. These similarities include body profile and coloration, presence of tubercles, and rhinophoral coloration. Due to these external similarities, a comparison is made between these two species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6FB826FD062CC7FCDFFA8A" blockId="10.[714,1247,743,1666]" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">
Both species have a smooth, firm, high body profile with ridges and depressions as typical for the genus. Both have tubercles at the junctions of the ridges, but 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6FB826FC8A2B67FC23FBAA" authorityName="Fahey &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2000" box="[838,973,1096,1122]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="10" pageNumber="481" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abyssicola">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FC8A2B67FC23FBAA" box="[838,973,1096,1122]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">H. abyssicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has lower, less pronounced tubercles. Both have smooth rhinophoral and gill sheaths. The rhinophores of both species are long, with a slight posterior angle. The highly pinnate gill of 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6FB826FCB92BE7FC16FB2A" baseAuthorityName="Carlson &amp; Hoff" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[885,1016,1223,1250]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="10" pageNumber="481" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="okinawa">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FCB92BE7FC64FB29" box="[885,906,1224,1249]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">H</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FC502BE7FC16FB2A" box="[924,1016,1224,1250]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">okinawa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is divided into four main branches whereas the gill of 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6FB826FB8C2BC7FB28FACA" authorityName="Fahey &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2000" box="[1088,1222,1256,1282]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="10" pageNumber="481" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abyssicola">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FB8C2BC7FB28FACA" box="[1088,1222,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">H. abyssicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is sparsely pinnate and is divided into three main branches.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6FB827FD062A67FDE9FD2A" blockId="10.[714,1247,743,1666]" lastBlockId="11.[151,684,680,1666]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="482" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">
The external coloration of the two species is similar in that both have a translucent white body, and the upper part of the tubercles is yellow. 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6FB826FBB22AA7FCC5FA0A" baseAuthorityName="Carlson &amp; Hoff" baseAuthorityYear="2000" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="10" pageNumber="481" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="okinawa">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FBB22AA7FCC5FA0A" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">Halgerda okinawa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has dark pigmentation lining the tubercles and along the ridges, whereas 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6FB826FB962AE7FB31FA2A" authorityName="Fahey &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2000" box="[1114,1247,1480,1506]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="10" pageNumber="481" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abyssicola">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FB962AE7FB31FA2A" box="[1114,1247,1480,1506]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">H. abyssicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has dark pigmentation lining the ridges only. The other dark pigmentation on 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6FB826FC332927FB68F9EA" authorityName="Fahey &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2000" box="[1023,1158,1544,1570]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="10" pageNumber="481" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abyssicola">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6FB826FC332927FB68F9EA" box="[1023,1158,1544,1570]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="481">H. abyssicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears as thick streaks that begin below the dorsal ridges and run perpendicular to the mantle edge. Dark spots can be seen on both animals, with those of 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6EB827FF5B2D87FEF5FD0A" authorityName="Fahey &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2000" box="[151,283,680,706]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="482" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abyssicola">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6EB827FF5B2D87FEF5FD0A" box="[151,283,680,706]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">H. abyssicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
along the mantle edge only and those of 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6EB827FF7E2DE7FEC3FD2A" baseAuthorityName="Carlson &amp; Hoff" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[178,301,711,738]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="482" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="okinawa">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6EB827FF7E2DE7FF29FD29" box="[178,199,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">H</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6EB827FF182DE7FEC3FD2A" box="[212,301,712,738]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">okinawa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
all over the dorsum.
</paragraph>
<caption id="B5CE66179A6EB827FF5B2D79FB0EFDAF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5393079" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5393079" box="[151,1248,598,615]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5393079/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="482" startId="11.[151,162,598,615]" targetBox="[151,1246,166,563]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6EB827FF5B2D79FB0EFDAF" blockId="11.[151,1248,598,615]" box="[151,1248,598,615]" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">
FIG. 8. — 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6EB827FF2A2D79FE82FDAF" authority="Fahey &amp; Gosliner, 2000" authorityName="Fahey &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2000" box="[230,364,598,615]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="482" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="azteca" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6EB827FF2A2D79FE82FDAF" box="[230,364,598,615]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">Halgerda azteca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C8F657F69A6EB827FEBC2D79FE4CFDAF" box="[368,418,598,615]" pageId="11" pageNumber="482" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, preserved specimen (MNHN SMIB 8 DW182-184); 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6EB827FC832D79FCB2FDAF" bold="true" box="[847,860,598,615]" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">A</emphasis>
, dorsal view; 
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6EB827FC022D79FC35FDAF" bold="true" box="[974,987,598,615]" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">B</emphasis>
, ventral view. Scale bar: 3 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6EB827FF5B2DC7FDCCFC49" blockId="11.[151,684,680,1666]" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">
The rhinophore coloration of both species is similar. The base is translucent and the club is yellow. There is a dark line on the posterior side of the rhinophores of both species, but the line is much thicker on 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6EB827FE9D2C47FDF5FC4A" authorityName="Fahey &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2000" box="[337,539,872,898]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="482" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abyssicola">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6EB827FE9D2C47FDF5FC4A" box="[337,539,872,898]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">Halgerda abyssicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6EB827FF5B2CA7FD71FBEA" blockId="11.[151,684,680,1666]" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">
The gill coloration is very different between the two species. 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6EB827FEE62C87FE16FC0A" baseAuthorityName="Carlson &amp; Hoff" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[298,504,936,962]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="482" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="okinawa">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6EB827FEE62C87FE16FC0A" box="[298,504,936,962]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">Halgerda okinawa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a bright to pale yellow gill with dark spots scattered over all branches. 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6EB827FEC72CC7FE0CFBCA" authorityName="Fahey &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2000" box="[267,482,1000,1026]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="482" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abyssicola">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6EB827FEC72CC7FE0CFBCA" box="[267,482,1000,1026]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">Halgerda abyssicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a translucent white gill with a dark stripe on the anterior side.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6EB827FF5B2B07FE1EFB6A" blockId="11.[151,684,680,1666]" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">
The radula of both species is similar in that the three outer teeth are reduced and not denticulate. The outermost tooth of 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6EB827FE602B47FD92FB4A" authorityName="Fahey &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2000" box="[428,636,1128,1154]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="482" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abyssicola">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6EB827FE602B47FD92FB4A" box="[428,636,1128,1154]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">Halgerda abyssicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can have very small, blunt denticles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6EB827FF5B2B87FB73FCCA" blockId="11.[151,684,680,1666]" lastBlockId="11.[714,1247,680,866]" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">
There are also some similarities between the reproductive systems of the two species. The reproductive systems are similar in that the bursa copulatrix is large and enfolded by a glandular prostate that does not cover the bursa. The differences between the reproductive morphologies are as follows: the vas deferens differs between the species, with that of 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6EB827FEB92AA7FDDBFA6A" baseAuthorityName="Carlson &amp; Hoff" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[373,565,1416,1442]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="482" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="okinawa">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6EB827FEB92AA7FDDBFA6A" box="[373,565,1416,1442]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">Halgerda okinawa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
being thin and having one fold before it reaches the large penial sheath. The vas deferens of 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6EB827FDC12AE7FD7DFA2A" authorityName="Fahey &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2000" box="[525,659,1480,1506]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="482" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abyssicola">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6EB827FDC12AE7FD7DFA2A" box="[525,659,1480,1506]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">H. abyssicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is quite thick, long and coiled several times before reaching the large penial sheath. The vaginal duct also differs between the two species. 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6EB827FDD02907FF3EF9A9" baseAuthorityName="Carlson &amp; Hoff" baseAuthorityYear="2000" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="482" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="okinawa">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6EB827FDD02907FF3EF9A9" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">Halgerda okinawa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a vaginal duct that widens only slightly at the distal end, whereas the duct of 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6EB827FDEA2947FD45F94A" authorityName="Fahey &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2000" box="[550,683,1640,1666]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="482" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abyssicola">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6EB827FDEA2947FD45F94A" box="[550,683,1640,1666]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">H. abyssicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is long, tubular and widens considerably into the vagina. Both the vagina and the penial sheath of 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6EB827FD062DC7FCA1FCCA" authorityName="Fahey &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2000" box="[714,847,744,770]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="482" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abyssicola">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6EB827FD062DC7FCA1FCCA" box="[714,847,744,770]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">H. abyssicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are bulbous and the same size.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E10E369F9A6EB827FD062C27FD16FCAA" blockId="11.[714,1247,680,866]" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">
The external and reproductive morphology of 
<taxonomicName id="26B14D1C9A6EB827FD062C07FC78FC8A" authorityName="Fahey &amp; Gosliner" authorityYear="2000" box="[714,918,808,834]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Halgerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="482" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abyssicola">
<emphasis id="D3C5EA8D9A6EB827FD062C07FC78FC8A" box="[714,918,808,834]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="482">Halgerda abyssicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
distinguishes it as a new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>