222 lines
32 KiB
XML
222 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="8873" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3265b06a-0db8-4bcd-9696-05db5838a97f" ID-PMC="PMC7813805" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1009-139" ID-Pensoft-UUID="67BE369624D8537A9CEC650DB1EBC416" ID-PubMed="33519258" ID-ZooBank="3E78899F3A6F4C21A6904375A15EA34A" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1009-139" checkinTime="1610662662252" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zhu, Pingzhou, Kavanaugh, David H. & Liang, Hongbin" docDate="2021" docId="2AACC6DF9C28594289C25E4E529A077F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1009: 139-151" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1009" docPubDate="2021-01-11" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515" docTitle="Xestopus Andrewes 1937" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="67BE369624D8537A9CEC650DB1EBC416" lastPageNumber="139" masterDocId="67BE369624D8537A9CEC650DB1EBC416" masterDocTitle="Notes on the genus Xestopus from China, with description of a new species (Carabidae, Sphodrini, Dolichina)" masterLastPageNumber="151" masterPageNumber="139" pageNumber="139" updateTime="1732822643250" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5B641D11C21E506BCACCCF8B7216F9E0">
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<mods:title id="3EB96A58772C5F5AFD0366C04C04C21A">Notes on the genus Xestopus from China, with description of a new species (Carabidae, Sphodrini, Dolichina)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5368DA3CE435992B55DBF89DB8DBD554" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4CC67AF9E5ADEF8E8071E37955175E08">Zhu, Pingzhou</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CC958E064411AAFDE5F35A00A1F5D27E" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2139-6764</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="9F06105AA38B3409D7F7471975040A73">Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China & College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="AF3CC962717422AE01FBAFCD6CF9265C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B5C3B45EE47D2E3A7E10AAF2BF1A645E">Kavanaugh, David H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4C3ACEA7EED35F5AC9E3F8A3F30438C5">Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA & Research Professor, Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="75D1A9638897DB1772CF48971087AA50">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B2068261886549DEFF96FDF8C59341D5">Liang, Hongbin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F25C114BC529D0520566ADF813CC7716">Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="11308782B4F452DAAF2D128679A73CD2" type="email">lianghb@ioz.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="AD2F680CCF5BC699A419746D5CFFF24D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B4ECC0344B4CE694562EBDF1AB04D40E">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="695D1FA36C8D52B592E99AD0486453F9">
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<mods:date id="C20786829CAC79862E4E05DC7868432E">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="F5A7AF18BDD0CEA26FFEA2B0028C0695" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="9DE64F64D72801E211EF9B183978D5B9">2021-01-11</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CE9846BAB87E442D1A0F8D3754CB133B">1009</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="681AD399AD837F91EDE1FC69D8D399C5" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="C6EAD3491176DC02F1DB9E441E588BBB">139</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="09C290B61E80AF8D696318FCD139ADEF">151</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="E37DF6648BB0AA7593A0221C173AF957">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="92B4D20F2CF2006E667916C4E4103457">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="032CE493DF8A6F46B9543B8E4E0E4372" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="825CEAA1D1386CA859CE8F6C953AC719" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1009-139</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4DE000B7D33FD6A753380B6D17D755A1" type="ZooBank">3E78899F3A6F4C21A6904375A15EA34A</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2AACC6DF9C28594289C25E4E529A077F" ID-GBIF-Taxon="176584330" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2AACC6DF9C28594289C25E4E529A077F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2AACC6DF9C28594289C25E4E529A077F" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" scope_family="Carabidae" scope_subTribe="Dolichina" scope_tribe="Sphodrini">
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<subSubSection id="C4B5F85F1EFE47CF3AF216C308D1BFBF" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="70BFD8546B7A4F9C59B5E495ACCEBEED" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="A920F1947C8F656C68FC8BBDE8EE997D" ID-CoL="8KZJC" LSID="2AACC6DF-9C28-5942-89C2-5E4E529A077F" authority="Andrewes, 1937" authorityName="Andrewes" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Xestopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xestopus Andrewes, 1937</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="198B7F3F391EADE689E39666B24C53E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C069279F93D55780D0E55E5DADAEB4D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<taxonomicName id="4B8B2A429694047735E4635F6D57EBBA" authorityName="Andrewes" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Xestopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xestopus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="3C5B3FB4F85E2F5A0FC316DBC9CE12E4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1937.tb00297.x" author="Andrewes, HE" journalOrPublisher="The Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B)" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="59 - 63" refId="B1" refString="Andrewes, HE, 1937. Keys to some Indian genera of Carabidae (Col.). VIII. The genera of the Sphodrini group. The Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B) 6: 59 - 63, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1937.tb00297.x" title="Keys to some Indian genera of Carabidae (Col.). VIII. The genera of the Sphodrini group." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1937.tb00297.x" volume="6" year="1937">Andrewes 1937</bibRefCitation>
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: 59;
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<bibRefCitation id="76474C291CB62228AF9EE156F1DBF2CE" author="Morvan, P" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Basiliensia" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="31 - 42" refId="B12" refString="Morvan, P, 1979. Ergebnisse der Bhutan-Expedition 1972 des Naturhistorischen Museums in Basel. Coleoptera: Fam. Carabidae, tribus Sphodrini. Entomologica Basiliensia 4: 31 - 42" title="Ergebnisse der Bhutan-Expedition 1972 des Naturhistorischen Museums in Basel. Coleoptera: Fam. Carabidae, tribus Sphodrini." volume="4" year="1979">Morvan 1979</bibRefCitation>
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: 41 (mentioned only);
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<bibRefCitation id="9B518581B5BE40FE53653612B5626C65" author="Casale, A" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana Biologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="383 - 395" refId="B2" refString="Casale, A, 1981. Carabidae dell'Himalaya Nepalese. Sphodrini nuovi o poco noti (Insecta: Coleoptera). Senckenbergiana Biologica 61 (1980): 383 - 395" title="Carabidae dell'Himalaya Nepalese. Sphodrini nuovi o poco noti (Insecta: Coleoptera)." volume="61" year="1981">Casale 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 389 (key to species);
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<bibRefCitation id="BEA23CE4DAA473D1410A82C4D21E986A" author="Morvan, P" journalOrPublisher="Miscellanea Entomologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="37 - 48" refId="B13" refString="Morvan, P, 1982. Contribution a la connaissance des coleopteres Carabidae du Nepal (7eme note) (Coleoptera Carabidae, Anchomenini et Sphodrini). Miscellanea Entomologica 49: 37 - 48" title="Contribution a la connaissance des coleopteres Carabidae du Nepal (7 eme note) (Coleoptera Carabidae, Anchomenini et Sphodrini)." volume="49" year="1982">Morvan 1982</bibRefCitation>
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: 45 (described new species);
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<bibRefCitation id="392602AB76A356DFA32747BA27CAE923" author="Casale, A" journalOrPublisher="Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali (Torino), Monografie" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 1024" refId="B3" refString="Casale, A, 1988. Revisione degli Sphodrina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini). Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali (Torino), Monografie 5: 1 - 1024" title="Revisione degli Sphodrina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini)." volume="5" year="1988">Casale 1988</bibRefCitation>
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: 138 (placed in
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<taxonomicName id="769123D4AAD8AE8A4395B955553E9693" authorityName="Andrewes" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Dolichina">Dolichina</taxonomicName>
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);
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<bibRefCitation id="77789A74B9E173EA6F55A5C118613101" author="Sciaky, R" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="235 - 240" refId="B16" refString="Sciaky, R, Facchini, S, 1997. Xestopus cyaneus new species from Cina (Coleoptera Carabidae). Bollettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana 129: 235 - 240" title="Xestopus cyaneus new species from Cina (Coleoptera Carabidae)." volume="129" year="1997">Sciaky and Facchini 1997</bibRefCitation>
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: 235 (described new species);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC37BD41EE9861FC7284DB0BDC3927B" author="Sciaky, R" journalOrPublisher="Bolletino della Societa Entomologica Italiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="221 - 232" refId="B17" refString="Sciaky, R, Wrase, DW, 1998. Two new genera of Sphodrini Dolichina from China (Coleoptera Carabidae). Bolletino della Societa Entomologica Italiana 130: 221 - 232" title="Two new genera of Sphodrini Dolichina from China (Coleoptera Carabidae)." volume="130" year="1998">Sciaky and Wrase 1998</bibRefCitation>
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: 223 (key to genera of
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<taxonomicName id="39963EAEB88CD26F99A14E2373A17048" authorityName="Andrewes" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Dolichina">Dolichina</taxonomicName>
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);
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<bibRefCitation id="0EA23D93D77F7071DEDBA047A4660146" author="Lorenz, W" journalOrPublisher="Wolfgang Lorenz, Tutzing" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" refId="B9" refString="Lorenz, W, 1998. Systematic List of Extant Ground Beetles of the World. Wolfgang Lorenz, Tutzing" title="Systematic List of Extant Ground Beetles of the World." year="1998">Lorenz 1998</bibRefCitation>
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: 373 (catalogue);
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<bibRefCitation id="E9F00BD89BD45E914AD214ACA405B982" author="Hovorka, O" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="1). Archostemata-Myxophaga-Adephaga. Apollo Books, Stenstrup" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="529 - 530" refId="B8" refString="Hovorka, O, Sciaky, R, 2003. Subtribe Dolichina Brulle, 1834. In: Loebl, I, Smetana, A, Eds., Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera (Vol. 1). Archostemata-Myxophaga-Adephaga. Apollo Books, Stenstrup: 529 - 530" title="Subtribe Dolichina Brulle, 1834." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera (Vol." year="2003">Hovorka and Sciaky 2003</bibRefCitation>
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: 530 (catalogue);
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<bibRefCitation id="731440B91A9E94591A39DCD078CD020C" author="Lorenz, W" journalOrPublisher="Wolfgang Lorenz, Tutzing" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" refId="B10" refString="Lorenz, W, 2005. Systematic List of Extant Ground Beetles of the World (InsectaColeopteraGeadephaga: Trachypachidae and Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodinae), second edition. Wolfgang Lorenz, Tutzing" title="Systematic List of Extant Ground Beetles of the World (InsectaColeopteraGeadephaga: Trachypachidae and Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodinae), second edition." year="2005">Lorenz 2005</bibRefCitation>
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: 399 (catalogue);
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<bibRefCitation id="3CE508846ED6B995FA8303FCABB22D57" author="Hovorka, O" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="1. 2 nd Edn.). Brill, Leiden and Boston" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="768 - 769" refId="B7" refString="Hovorka, O, 2017. Subtribe Dolichina Brulle, 1834. In: Loebl, I, Loebl, D, Eds., Catalogue of Palearctic Coleoptera (Vol. 1. 2nd Edn.). Brill, Leiden and Boston: 768 - 769" title="Subtribe Dolichina Brulle, 1834." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palearctic Coleoptera (Vol." year="2017">Hovorka 2017</bibRefCitation>
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: 769 (catalogue);
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<bibRefCitation id="8B26AF3EA156E31610716C55E9252551" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4722.4.2" author="Schmidt, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="326 - 338" refId="B14" refString="Schmidt, J, Will, K, 2020. A new subgenus for " Acalathus " advena (LeConte, 1846) and the challenge of defining Calathina based on morphological characters (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini). Zootaxa 4722 (4): 326 - 338, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4722.4.2" title="A new subgenus for " Acalathus " advena (LeConte, 1846) and the challenge of defining Calathina based on morphological characters (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Sphodrini)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4722.4.2" volume="4722" year="2020">Schmidt and Will 2020</bibRefCitation>
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: 336 (diagnosis).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="525DEB9E8ED1138C66CFAD46E85F18C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<taxonomicName id="2088736CC0ABEDDBF2685F514C84D568" authorityName="Habu" authorityYear="1973" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Nepalocalathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nepalocalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nepalocalathus</taxonomicName>
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Synonym:
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<taxonomicName id="B5CAB6050C22E8201CCF1A0215693FB9" authorityName="Habu" authorityYear="1973" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Nepalocalathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nepalocalathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nepalocalathus</taxonomicName>
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Habu, 1973: 100, type species
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<taxonomicName id="84754033AA7F1EE739B1ED27437A71C0" authorityName="Habu" authorityYear="1973" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Calathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calathus kumatai" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kumatai">Calathus kumatai</taxonomicName>
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Habu, 1973;
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<bibRefCitation id="A2ACB9CF0C1D3D5657776C3F2977883A" author="Habu, A" journalOrPublisher="Keigaku Publishing Co., Tokyo" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" refId="B6" refString="Habu, A, 1978. Fauna Japonica. Carabidae: Platynini (Insecta: Coleoptera). Keigaku Publishing Co., Tokyo" title="Fauna Japonica. Carabidae: Platynini (Insecta: Coleoptera)." year="1978">Habu 1978</bibRefCitation>
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: 302 (raised to genus rank and transferred to
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<taxonomicName id="8EAC13F9926E122054FB14FDD55173CA" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Dolichina">Dolichina</taxonomicName>
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);
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<bibRefCitation id="F90B34332DFB5F6357BDD0DE24B9AD43" author="Casale, A" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana Biologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="383 - 395" refId="B2" refString="Casale, A, 1981. Carabidae dell'Himalaya Nepalese. Sphodrini nuovi o poco noti (Insecta: Coleoptera). Senckenbergiana Biologica 61 (1980): 383 - 395" title="Carabidae dell'Himalaya Nepalese. Sphodrini nuovi o poco noti (Insecta: Coleoptera)." volume="61" year="1981">Casale 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 389 (synonymized with
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<taxonomicName id="EA02D689410602E04E819184D7E89612" authorityName="Andrewes" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Xestopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xestopus</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4F0D1B44BB6F0753C0357F6FF1FAF9E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<taxonomicName id="BD1650BFB8897680B7F03BE8E8D379A9" authorityName="Andrewes" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Xestopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xestopus</taxonomicName>
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Synonym:
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<taxonomicName id="2497C985DBAA10101A9DA9FFBDA2F9F1" authorityName="Morvan" authorityYear="1978" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Wittmerosphodrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wittmerosphodrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Wittmerosphodrus</taxonomicName>
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Morvan, 1978: 100, type species
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<taxonomicName id="AAAFD7B953BF966FB009038B768501DA" authorityName="Morvan" authorityYear="1978" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Wittmerosphodrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wittmerosphodrus walteri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="walteri">Wittmerosphodrus walteri</taxonomicName>
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Morvan, 1978;
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<bibRefCitation id="DCAA0B91D89563B4DF35B8450117687F" author="Morvan, P" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Basiliensia" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="31 - 42" refId="B12" refString="Morvan, P, 1979. Ergebnisse der Bhutan-Expedition 1972 des Naturhistorischen Museums in Basel. Coleoptera: Fam. Carabidae, tribus Sphodrini. Entomologica Basiliensia 4: 31 - 42" title="Ergebnisse der Bhutan-Expedition 1972 des Naturhistorischen Museums in Basel. Coleoptera: Fam. Carabidae, tribus Sphodrini." volume="4" year="1979">Morvan 1979</bibRefCitation>
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: 36 (described a new species);
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<bibRefCitation id="123A48C33881CDB8666C9F58DFEC952C" author="Casale, A" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana Biologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="383 - 395" refId="B2" refString="Casale, A, 1981. Carabidae dell'Himalaya Nepalese. Sphodrini nuovi o poco noti (Insecta: Coleoptera). Senckenbergiana Biologica 61 (1980): 383 - 395" title="Carabidae dell'Himalaya Nepalese. Sphodrini nuovi o poco noti (Insecta: Coleoptera)." volume="61" year="1981">Casale 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 389 (synonymized with
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<taxonomicName id="8196E8D1D81628D87763A8A7DAB016A8" authorityName="Andrewes" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Xestopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xestopus</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DB279FB692D8A33EE1F0657320BF53F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="7397021E80AD5368A6E1C2C452DB8226" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="049A5E59BF37A20D433E0C5A9D8EACC8" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<taxonomicName id="DF2D13F50616E06DEE0071D873A667A8" authorityName="Fairmaire" authorityYear="1889" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pristonychus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristonychus alticola" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alticola">
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<emphasis id="6C6E9284CA684657F7825955548B4F65" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Pristonychus alticola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Fairmaire, 1889 (type locality: Mountain Yeomatong, North Myanmar; holotype in NZSI), by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="92BD97C4C1C0795FFAC01C8B78BE3D8A" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="39B68095448F5B7F9485DBBCC0948A60" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5C7B470D6FCC6CA4FB81A58FE4E56DC5" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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Among the seven genera of
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<taxonomicName id="48FAE58766518348364BEECF06828C08" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Dolichina">Dolichina</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="2051F26325170E39C8D85081D0658EE6" authorityName="Andrewes" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Xestopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="8FF0C1EB521EDE1B186DBC11351AB818" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Xestopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from others by the following character combination: third antennomere very long, usually longer than the first two antennomeres combined; tooth of mentum bifid; pronotum more or less cordiform; elytra with microsculpture nearly isodiametric, parascutellar seta present, elytral disc without setigerous pores; lateral grooves absent on metatarsomeres I-IV; males with right paramere hooked at apex; female apical gonocoxite with one ensiform seta at external margin (in most specimens) and sensory pit absent. Detailed descriptions and a key to the genera in the subtribe
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<taxonomicName id="6087E305A1E45244F62FDBA9C60078B6" authorityName="Andrewes" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Dolichina">Dolichina</taxonomicName>
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have been provided by
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<bibRefCitation id="972A9C959F2F12E9C86DBD7CBA2AAD8A" author="Casale, A" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana Biologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="383 - 395" refId="B2" refString="Casale, A, 1981. Carabidae dell'Himalaya Nepalese. Sphodrini nuovi o poco noti (Insecta: Coleoptera). Senckenbergiana Biologica 61 (1980): 383 - 395" title="Carabidae dell'Himalaya Nepalese. Sphodrini nuovi o poco noti (Insecta: Coleoptera)." volume="61" year="1981">Casale (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="C888292E7402FED9468D95C0E8E63098" author="Sciaky, R" journalOrPublisher="Bolletino della Societa Entomologica Italiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="221 - 232" refId="B17" refString="Sciaky, R, Wrase, DW, 1998. Two new genera of Sphodrini Dolichina from China (Coleoptera Carabidae). Bolletino della Societa Entomologica Italiana 130: 221 - 232" title="Two new genera of Sphodrini Dolichina from China (Coleoptera Carabidae)." volume="130" year="1998">Sciaky and Wrase (1998)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="426A9F0649D04E2E90D6F010D5261168" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="comparisons">
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<paragraph id="D3602BEB8C97DC228F1A197DC57E7591" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Comparisons.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3F326C31A0A83B9D89234E6954A4BA52" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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This genus is most similar to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="73B828DE36929462F10845C606341398" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dolichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dolichus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3DEDCA139C34C5EDF11CA90D7633CB04" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Dolichus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Bonelli, sharing the large body size (>15 mm), but its members differ from those of the latter in having the tooth of the mentum bifid, the pronotum cordiform, elytral interval 3 without setigerous pores, and the right paramere of male genitalia apically hooked.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="87CACB709B2F5BACE0B6CAE381D0C1B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="014B5A6EE0281A3384A3223ED2F7DF1D" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7FCB892FC783C050F5485418516E6FBA" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">This genus includes eight species distributed along the Himalayas (two in Nepal, three in Bhutan, two in China, and one in Myanmar).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FA34B9AB0A6D1AEE1CA68B8AF0AE9D21" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="4F5C733E2B63F0B03C2BD95872B4EF0B" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CDA6548C69BA02BB9B201042346CD462" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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The type species of this genus,
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<taxonomicName id="02FB5CCBF9C195E505D9FF651E0DF5DB" baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Xestopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopus alticola" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alticola">
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<emphasis id="B8C8742E38BEF9EE02761B1CDFB952E9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Xestopus alticola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fairmaire, 1889) was described from Mount Yeomatong, northern Myanmar. In the two versions of the
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<emphasis id="A8E70223FE77B711FFB7A24A819C6B58" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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|
Catalogue of Palearctic
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|
<taxonomicName id="C2B62C5FA8D07E34FAF3DEC8C59FD364" authorityName="Andrewes" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="311B2811AABCCB8F5F771ED20D10931A" author="Hovorka, O" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="1). Archostemata-Myxophaga-Adephaga. Apollo Books, Stenstrup" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="529 - 530" refId="B8" refString="Hovorka, O, Sciaky, R, 2003. Subtribe Dolichina Brulle, 1834. In: Loebl, I, Smetana, A, Eds., Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera (Vol. 1). Archostemata-Myxophaga-Adephaga. Apollo Books, Stenstrup: 529 - 530" title="Subtribe Dolichina Brulle, 1834." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera (Vol." year="2003">Hovorka and Sciaky 2003</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="F0BAD0EAD5568DBB8F5F70222B374DC4" author="Hovorka, O" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="1. 2 nd Edn.). Brill, Leiden and Boston" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="768 - 769" refId="B7" refString="Hovorka, O, 2017. Subtribe Dolichina Brulle, 1834. In: Loebl, I, Loebl, D, Eds., Catalogue of Palearctic Coleoptera (Vol. 1. 2nd Edn.). Brill, Leiden and Boston: 768 - 769" title="Subtribe Dolichina Brulle, 1834." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palearctic Coleoptera (Vol." year="2017">Hovorka 2017</bibRefCitation>
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), the distribution of this species includes Sichuan and Sikkim and both these two are doubtful. The record for Sikkim was added by
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<bibRefCitation id="B7042A66B393177040102206D6CC0582" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1937.tb00297.x" author="Andrewes, HE" journalOrPublisher="The Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B)" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="59 - 63" refId="B1" refString="Andrewes, HE, 1937. Keys to some Indian genera of Carabidae (Col.). VIII. The genera of the Sphodrini group. The Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B) 6: 59 - 63, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1937.tb00297.x" title="Keys to some Indian genera of Carabidae (Col.). VIII. The genera of the Sphodrini group." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1937.tb00297.x" volume="6" year="1937">Andrewes (1937)</bibRefCitation>
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; however, this locality and the type locality are extremely distant from each other for a species with apterous members. In addition, the record for Sikkim maybe a different species (
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<bibRefCitation id="0EAE56B7F5629F78C9D82B008862B337" author="Morvan, P" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Basiliensia" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="31 - 42" refId="B12" refString="Morvan, P, 1979. Ergebnisse der Bhutan-Expedition 1972 des Naturhistorischen Museums in Basel. Coleoptera: Fam. Carabidae, tribus Sphodrini. Entomologica Basiliensia 4: 31 - 42" title="Ergebnisse der Bhutan-Expedition 1972 des Naturhistorischen Museums in Basel. Coleoptera: Fam. Carabidae, tribus Sphodrini." volume="4" year="1979">Morvan 1979</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="A40FA9A315C26FF1CDD216BA62A2D2C8" author="Casale, A" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana Biologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="383 - 395" refId="B2" refString="Casale, A, 1981. Carabidae dell'Himalaya Nepalese. Sphodrini nuovi o poco noti (Insecta: Coleoptera). Senckenbergiana Biologica 61 (1980): 383 - 395" title="Carabidae dell'Himalaya Nepalese. Sphodrini nuovi o poco noti (Insecta: Coleoptera)." volume="61" year="1981">Casale 1981</bibRefCitation>
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). No other literature records have reported
|
|
<taxonomicName id="99FFE6FB106EAF31E867372ACD986ABE" lsidName="X. alticola" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="alticola">
|
|
<emphasis id="127B0E7807CE976E04DE7AD0F53B7BE7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">X. alticola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
|
from Sichuan, and, in fact, no
|
|
<taxonomicName id="99D1221D3BCB8998BC76BDDDBDDCD414" authorityName="Andrewes" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Xestopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="AA55EC5C687EE57E97A511C922E68BE9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Xestopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
specimens have been found in that province during our many expeditions in Sichuan, so we also doubt the reliability of this distributional record.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AB5BF2014B2A55D60AEA9C32860D2A26" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<bibRefCitation id="93ACFC3D8183866453154070ACFEF0D1" author="Casale, A" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana Biologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" pagination="383 - 395" refId="B2" refString="Casale, A, 1981. Carabidae dell'Himalaya Nepalese. Sphodrini nuovi o poco noti (Insecta: Coleoptera). Senckenbergiana Biologica 61 (1980): 383 - 395" title="Carabidae dell'Himalaya Nepalese. Sphodrini nuovi o poco noti (Insecta: Coleoptera)." volume="61" year="1981">Casale (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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|
pointed out that the three species from Bhutan (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BA34581E4AA8ECF9BE8A58B94758B06A" lsidName="X. walteri" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="walteri">
|
|
<emphasis id="1D36766F38B67EEA7D2BDC45837AA9A4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">X. walteri</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Morvan, 1978),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="20A90D1BEA7206FB51CDF201358A3704" lsidName="X. bhutanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="bhutanensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="95098CF9E673CA1D040EACE9979ED064" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">X. bhutanensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Morvan, 1979), and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8E7AE5C1EF2F084C6AB6E83D3FEAFE20" lsidName="X. cordicollis" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="cordicollis">
|
|
<emphasis id="DAD159EB2B1B886DC06B45910AF550D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">X. cordicollis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Morvan, 1979)) may represent three subspecies of a single species or eventually be combined into one species when abundant materials are available. Conversely, the male allotype and female holotype of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="66AF3B89265A4FB87B68BF3D60394FCA" lsidName="X. nepalensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="nepalensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="9C43E25F733569EB117ED72A24E83EAF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">X. nepalensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
|
probably represent two different species, in our opinion, based on the original description and figures. The male differs from the female in having elytra with (1) rufous color in the scutellar region and along the sutural margin to mid-length, (2) the humeri more rounded, (3) the basal margination markedly sinuate, and (4) the apices more rounded and slightly oblique medially. Thus, a revision appears necessary to deal with this situation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |