637 lines
59 KiB
XML
637 lines
59 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5072623" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c36799a7-3d03-4f10-994a-8621f026a70c" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183325166" ID-ISSN="1982-0224" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5072623" checkinTime="1614363279307" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Figueiredo, Carlos A. & Britto, Marcelo R." docDate="2010" docId="2A2F0C789309DA14FC5195BCFEC1FD97" docLanguage="en" docName="NeotropIchthyol.8.1.105-112.pdf" docOrigin="Neotropical Ichthyology 8 (1)" docSource="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252010000100013&lng=en&tlng=en" docStyle="DocumentStyle:85A40B78B715C4497F837D9D78407CE5.4:NeotropIchthyol.2003-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="85A40B78B715C4497F837D9D78407CE5" docStyleName="NeotropIchthyol.2003-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Xyliphius anachoretes Figueiredo & Britto 2010, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="110" masterDocId="D61674009308DA11FFF6950EFFD3FF9E" masterDocTitle="A new species of Xyliphius, a rarely sampled banjo catfish (Siluriformes: Aspredinidae) from the rio Tocantins-Araguaia system" masterLastPageNumber="112" masterPageNumber="105" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" updateTime="1636507340687" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new species of Xyliphius, a rarely sampled banjo catfish (Siluriformes: Aspredinidae) from the rio Tocantins-Araguaia system</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Figueiredo, Carlos A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Britto, Marcelo R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Neotropical Ichthyology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2010-03-31</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>8</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>105</mods:start>
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<mods:end>112</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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||
<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252010000100013&lng=en&tlng=en</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1590/S1679-62252010000100013</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">c36799a7-3d03-4f10-994a-8621f026a70c</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1982-0224</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4567237</mods:identifier>
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||
</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5072623" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183325166" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5072623" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A2F0C789309DA14FC5195BCFEC1FD97" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2A2F0C789309DA14FC5195BCFEC1FD97" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
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||
<subSubSection box="[935,1325,178,201]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph blockId="1.[935,1325,178,233]" box="[935,1325,178,201]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
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||
<heading box="[935,1325,178,201]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" reason="2">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[935,1325,178,201]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
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||
<taxonomicName authority="Figueiredo & Britto, 2010" authorityName="Figueiredo & Britto" authorityYear="2010" box="[935,1182,178,201]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anachoretes" status="new species">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[935,1182,178,201]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Xyliphius anachoretes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1194,1325,178,201]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[1099,1161,210,233]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="1.[935,1325,178,233]" box="[1099,1161,210,233]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
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||
<figureCitation box="[1099,1161,210,233]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,175,1559,1582]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,174,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-151@2.[136,1459,174,1550]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Xyliphius anachoretes new species, holotype, MNRJ 31923, 88,4 mm SL: Brazil, Goiás State, rio Tocantins below the dam of Serra da Mesa Hydropower Plant, in a marginal pond at the mouth of rio Preto, a right margin tributary of the rio Tocantins (currently under water in the Cana Brava Hydropower-plant reservoir).(a) dorsal view; (b) ventral view; (c) lateralview." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4567241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4567241/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1099,1161,210,233]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Fig. 1</emphasis>
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</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="106" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1452,273,553]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3313997302" collectingDate="1996-12-03" collectionCode="MNRJ" collectorName="D. F. Moraes" country="Brazil" latitude="-13.630834" location="rio Preto" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.116943" municipality="Serra da Mesa Hydropower Plant" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" specimenCode="MNRJ 31923" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Goias" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,910,273,294]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
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<typeStatus box="[809,906,273,294]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCode box="[915,1048,273,294]" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">MNRJ 31923</specimenCode>
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, 88.4 mm SL,
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<collectingCountry box="[1187,1249,273,294]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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, Goiás, rio Tocantins below the dam of
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<collectingMunicipality box="[985,1313,302,323]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Serra da Mesa Hydropower Plant</collectingMunicipality>
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, in a marginal pond at the mouth of
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A2F0C789309DA14FC5195BCFEC1FD97:A759EBB59309DA10FC0D9445FB80FEFE" box="[1019,1107,331,352]" country="Brazil" latitude="-13.630834" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.116943" municipality="Serra da Mesa Hydropower Plant" name="rio Preto" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" stateProvince="Goias">rio Preto</location>
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, an affluent of the right bank of rio
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<collectingRegion box="[809,904,360,381]" country="Brazil" name="Tocantins" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Tocantins</collectingRegion>
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(currently under water of the Cana Brava Hydropowerplant reservoir),
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<geoCoordinate box="[971,1087,388,409]" degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" precision="15" seconds="51" value="-13.630834">13°37’51”S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate box="[1093,1217,388,409]" degrees="48" direction="west" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" precision="15" seconds="01" value="-48.116943">48°07’01”W</geoCoordinate>
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, collected in daylight,
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<date pageId="1" pageNumber="106" value="1996-12-03">
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<collectingDate pageId="1" pageNumber="106" value="1996-12-03">3 Dec 1996</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName box="[917,1045,417,438]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">D. F. Moraes</collectorName>
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(Equipe Ímpar).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1452,273,553]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3313997301" collectingDate="2005-07-28" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="de Crixas" country="Brazil" latitude="-14.440556" location="rio Crixas-acu" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-49.710278" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" specimenCode="MZUSP 89546" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Goias" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,910,446,467]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
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<typeStatus box="[809,906,446,467]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Paratype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCode box="[915,1064,446,467]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">MZUSP 89546</specimenCode>
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, 25.6 mm SL,
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<collectingCountry box="[1204,1266,446,467]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[1275,1334,446,467]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Goiás</collectingRegion>
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, municípios
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<collectorName box="[809,899,475,496]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">de Crixás</collectorName>
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/Santa Terezinha de
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<collectingRegion box="[1092,1151,475,496]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Goiás</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A2F0C789309DA14FC5195BCFEC1FD97:A759EBB59309DA10FB7E94D5FAC0FE6E" box="[1160,1299,475,496]" country="Brazil" latitude="-14.440556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-49.710278" name="rio Crixas-acu" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" stateProvince="Goias">rio Crixás-açu</location>
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, under bridge at the state road GO-465,
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<geoCoordinate box="[1055,1172,504,525]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" precision="15" seconds="26" value="-14.440556">14°26’26”S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate box="[1182,1309,504,525]" degrees="49" direction="west" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" precision="15" seconds="37" value="-49.710278">49°42’37”W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date box="[1323,1447,504,525]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" value="2005-07-28">
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<collectingDate box="[1323,1447,504,525]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" value="2005-07-28">28 Jul 2005</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, Equipe CBE
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="106" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1452,594,1193]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,931,594,617]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Figueiredo & Britto" authorityYear="2010" box="[942,1195,594,617]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anachoretes">
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<emphasis box="[942,1195,594,617]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Xyliphius anachoretes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is diagnosed from its congeners, except
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<taxonomicName box="[1018,1185,626,649]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magdalenae">
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<emphasis box="[1018,1034,626,649]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1051,1185,626,649]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">magdalenae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by the presence of six developed retrorse serrae along posterior border of pectoral spine (
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<emphasis box="[884,907,690,713]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">vs</emphasis>
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.
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<quantity box="[922,988,690,713]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" metricValueMax="2.286" metricValueMin="1.778" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="in" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">7-9 in</quantity>
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<taxonomicName box="[996,1178,690,713]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanopterus">
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<emphasis box="[996,1012,690,713]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1028,1178,690,713]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">melanopterus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Alonso de Aramburu & Aramburu" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[1233,1362,690,713]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbatus">
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<emphasis box="[1233,1249,690,713]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1264,1362,690,713]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">barbatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<quantity box="[1377,1420,690,713]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Risso & Risso" baseAuthorityYear="1964" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lombarderoi">
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<emphasis box="[1428,1444,690,713]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[809,946,722,745]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">lombarderoi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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||
<quantity box="[960,1037,722,745]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="2.032" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="in" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8-10 in</quantity>
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<taxonomicName box="[1043,1163,722,745]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepturus">
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<emphasis box="[1043,1059,722,745]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1073,1163,722,745]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">lepturus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Taphorn & Lilyestrom" authorityYear="1983" box="[1214,1325,722,745]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kryptos">
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<emphasis box="[1214,1230,722,745]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1244,1325,722,745]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">kryptos</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Figueiredo & Britto" authorityYear="2010" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anachoretes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Xyliphius anachoretes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName box="[1114,1289,754,777]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magdalenae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1114,1130,754,777]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
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<emphasis box="[1150,1289,754,777]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">magdalenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
by the lower number of total free vertebrae (31
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<emphasis box="[1175,1197,786,809]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">vs</emphasis>
|
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. 33-36).
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1452,594,1193]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Figueiredo & Britto" authorityYear="2010" box="[847,1095,818,841]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anachoretes">
|
||
<emphasis box="[847,1095,818,841]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Xyliphius anachoretes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
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is further distinguished, except from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Taphorn & Lilyestrom" authorityYear="1983" box="[872,986,850,873]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kryptos">
|
||
<emphasis box="[872,888,850,873]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[905,986,850,873]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">kryptos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by papillae of lower lip bearing minute branches (
|
||
<emphasis box="[923,946,882,905]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. large branches in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1153,1273,882,905]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepturus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1153,1169,882,905]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1183,1273,882,905]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">lepturus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Alonso de Aramburu & Aramburu" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[1287,1415,882,905]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1287,1303,882,905]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1317,1415,882,905]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">barbatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Risso & Risso" baseAuthorityYear="1964" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lombarderoi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1428,1444,882,905]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[809,946,914,937]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">lombarderoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1006,1186,914,937]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanopterus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1006,1022,914,937]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1036,1186,914,937]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">melanopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or unbranched papillae in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[836,997,946,969]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magdalenae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[836,852,946,969]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[864,997,946,969]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">magdalenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1020,1085,946,969]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[129,168,1057,1080]" captionTargetBox="[363,1208,174,1043]" captionTargetId="figure-444@3.[363,1208,174,1043]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Ventral view of head and papillae on lower lip of: (a) Xyliphius magdalenae, BMNH 1947.7.1.215.216, 70.0 mm SL; (b) X. anachoretes, MNRJ 31923, holotype, 88.4 mm SL; (c) X. melanopterus, FMNH 99492, 101.5 mm SL; and (d) X. lepturus, FMNH99489, 108.1 mm SL. Scalebar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4567243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4567243/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
); and, except from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1290,1452,946,969]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magdalenae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1290,1306,946,969]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1319,1452,946,969]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">magdalenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Taphorn & Lilyestrom" authorityYear="1983" box="[854,962,978,1001]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kryptos">
|
||
<emphasis box="[854,870,978,1001]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[882,962,978,1001]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">kryptos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by the presence of 22 or 24 papillae on lower lip (
|
||
<emphasis box="[852,874,1010,1033]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">vs</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity box="[886,975,1010,1033]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.731" metricValueMax="7.112" metricValueMin="6.35" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="in" value="26.5" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="25.0">25-28 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[980,1096,1010,1033]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepturus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[980,996,1010,1033]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1008,1096,1010,1033]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">lepturus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity box="[1109,1197,1010,1033]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.112" metricValueMax="7.366" metricValueMin="6.858" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="in" value="28.0" valueMax="29.0" valueMin="27.0">27-29 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1202,1377,1010,1033]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanopterus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1202,1218,1010,1033]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1231,1377,1010,1033]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">melanopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.239" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="6.858" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="in" value="28.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="27.0">27-30 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Alonso de Aramburu & Aramburu" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[836,964,1042,1065]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[836,852,1042,1065]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[866,964,1042,1065]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">barbatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<quantity box="[1023,1077,1042,1065]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.112" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="in" value="28.0">28 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Risso & Risso" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[1083,1250,1042,1065]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lombarderoi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1083,1099,1042,1065]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1113,1250,1042,1065]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">lombarderoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1452,594,1193]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
Besides,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Figueiredo & Britto" authorityYear="2010" box="[961,1235,1074,1097]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anachoretes">
|
||
<emphasis box="[961,1235,1074,1097]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Xyliphius anachoretes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also promptly distinguished by the lower number of dorsal procurrent rays (two) from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[928,1043,1138,1161]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepturus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[928,944,1138,1161]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[956,1043,1138,1161]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">lepturus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(four or five),
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1196,1369,1138,1161]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanopterus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1196,1212,1138,1161]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1224,1369,1138,1161]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">melanopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(three), and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[854,1015,1170,1193]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magdalenae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[854,870,1170,1193]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[883,1015,1170,1193]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">magdalenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(four).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1452,1234,1961]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,949,1234,1257]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphometric data presented in
|
||
<tableCitation box="[1303,1383,1234,1257]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[129,192,1200,1223]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Table 1. Morphometric data for Xyliphius anachoretes." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F6F9EDE6930BDA12FF7791BEFD02FB59" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" tableUuid="F6F9EDE6930BDA12FF7791BEFD02FB59">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
. Head depressed, roughly triangular with bluntly rounded snout in dorsal view. Skull ornamentation inconspicuous. Dorsal profile straight from tip of snout to origin of caudal fin, except for shallow convexity from posterior tip of parietosupraoccipital to posterior base of dorsal fin. Ventral profile convex from tip of snout to pectoral girdle region, then straight to pelvic-fin origin, shallowly concave from pelvics to analfin origin, ascending obliquely along anal-base and finishing straight along caudal peduncle. Body depressed anteriorly, becoming gradually compressed towards caudal fin. Entire body banjo-shaped in dorsal/ventral view, greatest width at cross-section through region just anterior to pectoral-spine insertions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1452,1234,1961]" lastBlockId="3.[809,1452,1201,1960]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
Eye very small, diameter 1.5% (
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1235,1339,1682,1705]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) or 2.4% (
|
||
<typeStatus box="[816,911,1714,1737]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
) of head length, without free orbital margin; located dorsally in anterior half of head. Two nares, anterior one tubular with four separate papillae along its lateral (lower) margin, located at anterior edge of snout; outermost papillae smaller than internal ones. Posterior nare as small opening located at midpoint between anterior nare and eye. One maxillary barbel on side of snout, inserted just above rictus. Maxillary barbel reaching pectoral-fin base. Two mental barbels, both smaller than maxillary. Inner mental barbel smallest, its length shorter than half-length of outer mental barbel. Inner mental barbel located just posterior to mouth opening, and at distance of one-quarter of mouth width from midventral axis of head. Outer mental barbel half the length of maxillary barbel, reaching or slightly surpassing transverse through mouth opening when adducted anteriorly. Outer mental barbel located on transverse posterior to inner mental barbel, separated from it by distance greater than inner mental barbel length. Mouth subterminal, wider than snout with 22 (
|
||
<typeStatus box="[975,1073,1777,1800]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
) or 24 (
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1154,1253,1777,1800]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) fleshy, finger-like papillae along border of lower lip. Almost all papillae the same size and weakly dendritic with one to three minute branches (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[930,1014,1873,1896]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[129,168,1057,1080]" captionTargetBox="[363,1208,174,1043]" captionTargetId="figure-444@3.[363,1208,174,1043]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Ventral view of head and papillae on lower lip of: (a) Xyliphius magdalenae, BMNH 1947.7.1.215.216, 70.0 mm SL; (b) X. anachoretes, MNRJ 31923, holotype, 88.4 mm SL; (c) X. melanopterus, FMNH 99492, 101.5 mm SL; and (d) X. lepturus, FMNH99489, 108.1 mm SL. Scalebar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4567243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4567243/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anterior margin of snout with shallow medial notch (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[982,1069,1905,1928]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[129,168,1057,1080]" captionTargetBox="[363,1208,174,1043]" captionTargetId="figure-444@3.[363,1208,174,1043]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Ventral view of head and papillae on lower lip of: (a) Xyliphius magdalenae, BMNH 1947.7.1.215.216, 70.0 mm SL; (b) X. anachoretes, MNRJ 31923, holotype, 88.4 mm SL; (c) X. melanopterus, FMNH 99492, 101.5 mm SL; and (d) X. lepturus, FMNH99489, 108.1 mm SL. Scalebar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4567243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4567243/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gill opening small, restricted to valvular slit, covered by fleshy skin flap on ventral surface of head. Gill membranes united to isthmus. Small genital papillae just posterior to anus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4567241" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4567241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4567241/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" startId="2.[136,175,1559,1582]" targetBox="[136,1459,174,1550]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1460,1559,1646]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,205,1559,1582]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Figueiredo & Britto, 2010" authorityName="Figueiredo & Britto" authorityYear="2010" box="[211,449,1559,1582]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anachoretes" status="new species">
|
||
<emphasis box="[211,449,1559,1582]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">Xyliphius anachoretes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[454,585,1559,1582]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype, MNRJ 31923, 88,4 mm SL: Brazil, Goiás State, rio Tocantins below the dam of Serra da Mesa Hydropower Plant, in a marginal pond at the mouth of rio Preto, a right margin tributary of the rio Tocantins (currently under water in the Cana Brava Hydropower-plant reservoir). (a) dorsal view; (b) ventral view; (c) lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4567243" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4567243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4567243/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" startId="3.[129,168,1057,1080]" targetBox="[363,1208,174,1043]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[129,1452,1057,1144]" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,197,1057,1080]" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral view of head and papillae on lower lip of: (a)
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=", BMNH" authorityName="BMNH" box="[753,1079,1057,1080]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magdalenae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[753,987,1057,1080]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Xyliphius magdalenae</emphasis>
|
||
, BMNH
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
1947.7.1.215.216, 70.0 mm SL; (b)
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=", MNRJ" authorityName="MNRJ" box="[129,373,1089,1112]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anachoretes">
|
||
<emphasis box="[129,145,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[157,289,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">anachoretes</emphasis>
|
||
, MNRJ
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
31923, holotype, 88.4 mm SL; (c)
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=", FMNH" authorityName="FMNH" box="[742,1006,1089,1112]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanopterus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[742,758,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[770,917,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">melanopterus</emphasis>
|
||
, FMNH
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
99492, 101.5 mm SL; and (d)
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=", FMNH" authorityName="FMNH" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepturus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1328,1344,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1356,1445,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">lepturus</emphasis>
|
||
, FMNH
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
99489, 108.1 mm SL. Scale bar = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-Table-UUID="F6F9EDE6930BDA12FF7791BEFD02FB59" box="[129,721,1200,1223]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F6F9EDE6930BDA12FF7791BEFD02FB59" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" startId="3.[129,192,1200,1223]" targetBox="[131,771,1251,1959]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[129,721,1200,1223]" box="[129,721,1200,1223]" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,218,1200,1223]" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphometric data for
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[475,714,1200,1223]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anachoretes">
|
||
<emphasis box="[475,714,1200,1223]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Xyliphius anachoretes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<table box="[131,771,1251,1959]" gridcols="3" gridrows="29" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1251,1270]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th box="[540,619,1251,1270]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Holotype</th>
|
||
<th box="[670,771,1251,1270]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Paratype</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1276,1295]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,771,1276,1295]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">MNRJ 31923 MZUSP 89546</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1302,1321]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1302,1321]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Standard length (mm)</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1302,1321]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">88.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1302,1321]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">25.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1326,1345]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1326,1345]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Percents of Standard length</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1351,1370]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1351,1370]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Depth at dorsal-fin origin</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1351,1370]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">13.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1351,1370]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">14.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1375,1394]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1375,1394]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Predorsal length</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1375,1394]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">39.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1375,1394]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">40.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1400,1419]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1400,1419]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Prepectoral length</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1400,1419]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">26.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1400,1419]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">30.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1424,1443]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1424,1443]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Prepelvic length</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1424,1443]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">44.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1424,1443]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">46.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1449,1468]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1449,1468]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Preanal length</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1449,1468]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">60.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1449,1468]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">64.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1474,1493]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1474,1493]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Length of caudal peduncle</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1474,1493]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">28.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1474,1493]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">29.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1498,1517]" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1498,1517]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Depth of caudal peduncle</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1498,1517]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">8.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1498,1517]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">8.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1523,1542]" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1523,1542]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Length of pelvic fin</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1523,1542]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">13.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1523,1542]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">14.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1548,1567]" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1548,1567]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Length of anal-fin base</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1548,1567]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">15.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1548,1567]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">13.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1572,1591]" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1572,1591]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Length of caudal fin</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1572,1591]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">20.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1572,1591]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">22.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1596,1615]" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1596,1615]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Length of pectoral spine</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1596,1615]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">14.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1596,1615]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">22.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1621,1640]" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1621,1640]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Length of humeral process</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1621,1640]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">2.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1621,1640]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">2.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1645,1664]" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1645,1664]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Length of posterior process of coracoid</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1645,1664]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">6.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1645,1664]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">5.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1670,1689]" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1670,1689]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Head length</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1670,1689]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">33.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1670,1689]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">39.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1695,1714]" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1695,1714]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Width at pectoral-fin insertion</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1695,1714]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">25.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1695,1714]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">30.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1719,1738]" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1719,1738]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Percents of Head length</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1744,1763]" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1744,1763]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Maximun depth of head</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1744,1763]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">38.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1744,1763]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">42.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1769,1788]" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1769,1788]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Snout length</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1769,1788]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">24.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1769,1788]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">28.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1793,1812]" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1793,1812]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Eye diameter</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1793,1812]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">1.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1793,1812]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">2.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1818,1837]" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1818,1837]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Interorbital width</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1818,1837]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">24.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1818,1837]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">26.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1842,1861]" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1842,1861]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Length of maxillary barbel</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1842,1861]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">57.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1842,1861]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">42.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1867,1886]" gridrow="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1867,1886]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Length between anterior and posterior nares</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1867,1886]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">10.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1867,1886]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">12.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1891,1910]" gridrow="26" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1891,1910]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Length between posterior nare and orbit</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1891,1910]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">5.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1891,1910]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">4.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1916,1935]" gridrow="27" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1916,1935]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Anterior internareal distance</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1916,1935]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">17.7</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1916,1935]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">16.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[131,771,1940,1959]" gridrow="28" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<th box="[131,508,1940,1959]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Posterior internareal distance</th>
|
||
<td box="[540,619,1940,1959]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">23.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[670,771,1940,1959]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">25.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[809,1452,1201,1960]" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
|
||
Head, trunk and fins all covered by thick skin somewhat loosened from muscular tissues, particularly at bases of paired fins and on abdomen. Skin of head and trunk covered by
|
||
<emphasis box="[809,944,1361,1384]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">unculiferous</emphasis>
|
||
tubercles. Head tubercles larger than those on body. Most of head tubercles roughly hexagonal and depressed; tubercles on snout and maxillary barbel rounded, decreasing in size from proximal to distal tip of barbel. Five lateral rows of large tubercles extending from post-cephalic region to base of caudal fin. Prominent crest along dorsal midline from supraoccipital region to dorsal-fin origin, and from base of last dorsal-fin ray to caudal fin. Tubercles on all fin rays small and rounded; tubercles depressed and striated on interradial membranes. Skin tubercles larger and more tightly spaced on dorsal surface of body and head than on ventral surfaces. Tubercles on ventral surface minute and somewhat scattered, except those around mouth and just posterior to last anal-fin ray, which are more similar to dorsalsurface tubercles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[809,1452,1201,1960]" lastBlockId="4.[136,780,178,681]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Sixteen latero-sensorial pores on head. Anterior branch of the supraorbital branch with five pores: one pore mesially, and two posterior to the anterior naris; fourth pore located mesially to a line between anterior and posterior nares; and fifth pore located just in front of posterior naris. Two mesial pores, corresponding to epiphyseal and parietal branches, respectively. Four pores of the infraorbital branch of laterosensory system; anteriormost dorsally close to rictus. Five pores of the preoperculomandibular branch; anteriormost pore ventrally close to rictus. Lateral line with 17/18 pores on left and right sides, respectively. Lateral line not extending onto caudal fin.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,780,178,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">Total number of vertebrae 31, precaudal vertebrae 11, caudal vertebrae 20. Six pairs of ribs, first pair articulated with parapophyses of first free (sixth) centrum, and slightly larger than others. Ribs gradually decreasing in size caudally.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,780,178,681]" lastBlockId="4.[136,780,1585,1960]" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">
|
||
Dorsal fin I,3,i; roughly triangular, located slightly anterior to mid-standard length. Dorsal spinelet absent. Dorsal spine (second dorsal lepidotrichia) feeble. Anal fin ii,4,i; roughly semi-ovoid, its origin just posterior to tip of longest ray of abducted pelvic fin. Pectoral fin I,4,i; origin just posterior to cheek; profile roughly ellipsoid, tip reaching (
|
||
<typeStatus box="[644,740,1617,1640]" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
) or falling short of (
|
||
<typeStatus box="[336,440,1649,1672]" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) midlength of pelvics when abducted. Pectoral spine thick with six developed retrorse serrae along its posterior margin, decreasing in size from distal tip to proximal base of spine. A rudiment of serrae (detectable only on x-ray imaging;
|
||
<figureCitation box="[403,470,1777,1800]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[136,180,1376,1399]" captionTargetBox="[166,781,733,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-271@4.[138,781,720,1364]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 3. Radiograph of anterior region of Xyliphius anachoretes, MNRJ 31923, holotype, 88.4 mm SL, showing premaxilla lateral to mesethmoid, and completely separated from its pair.Arrows showing rudimentary serrae on pectoral spines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4567247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4567247/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, arrow) sprouts proximally. Ossified portion of pectoral spine shorter than first pectoralfin ray. Pectoral slit just above base of last pectoral-fin ray. Pelvic fin i,4,i; roughly triangular; origin just posterior to vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Caudal-fin roughly rectangular, its distal margin truncate. Principal caudal-fin rays
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[816,1460,178,233]" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">i,4/4,i; dorsal and ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays 2 and 4, respectively.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[816,1459,274,585]" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,1013,274,297]" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">Color in alcohol.</emphasis>
|
||
Ground color of body and head brown, ventral region slightly lighter than dorsal. Irregular light brown middorsal stripe on head from tip of snout to transverse through pectoral-fin origins; stripe widest in interorbital region. All barbels yellowish light brown. Two elongate, irregular, light brown blotches along dorsal midline of body: anterior one small, just in front of dorsal-fin base, posterior one large, extending from base of last dorsal-fin ray to vertical through midlength of anal-fin base.All fin rays and membranes dark brown; borders yellowish white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[816,1458,626,713]" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,963,626,649]" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[968,1205,626,649]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anachoretes">
|
||
<emphasis box="[968,1205,626,649]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">Xyliphius anachoretes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently known only from two localities, one in the upper rio
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1213,1312,658,681]" country="Brazil" name="Tocantins" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">Tocantins</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1323,1369,658,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality) and the second from the upper rio Araguaia (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1291,1357,690,713]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[816,855,1681,1704]" captionTargetBox="[821,1454,753,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-490@4.[816,1459,747,1662]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Known distribution of Xypliphius species. Records of Xyliphius anachoretes represented by stars at the rio Tocantins-Araguaia system (highlighted). Type locality represented by a solid star. Other species represented are X. melanopterus (open squares); X. lepturus (solid squares); X. kryptos (open triangle); X. magdalenae (solid triangle; type locality); X. lombarderoi (open circle, type locality); X. barbatus (solid circle, type locality). Squares and solid triangle may represent more than one record." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4567249" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4567249/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4567247" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4567247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4567247/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" startId="4.[136,180,1376,1399]" targetBox="[166,781,733,1353]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,779,1376,1527]" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,220,1376,1399]" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Radiograph of anterior region of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=", MNRJ" authorityName="MNRJ" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anachoretes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">Xyliphius anachoretes</emphasis>
|
||
, MNRJ
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
31923, holotype, 88.4 mm SL, showing premaxilla lateral to mesethmoid, and completely separated from its pair. Arrows showing rudimentary serrae on pectoral spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4567249" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4567249" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4567249/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" startId="4.[816,855,1681,1704]" targetBox="[821,1454,753,1654]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[816,1459,1681,1960]" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,885,1681,1704]" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Known distribution of
|
||
<emphasis box="[1133,1248,1681,1704]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">Xypliphius</emphasis>
|
||
species. Records of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[816,1081,1713,1736]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anachoretes">
|
||
<emphasis box="[816,1081,1713,1736]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">Xyliphius anachoretes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
represented by stars at the rio Tocantins-Araguaia system (highlighted). Type locality represented by a solid star. Other species represented are
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanopterus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1436,1452,1777,1800]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[816,963,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">melanopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(open squares);
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1140,1259,1809,1832]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepturus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1140,1156,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1170,1259,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">lepturus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(solid squares);
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Taphorn & Lilyestrom" authorityYear="1983" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kryptos">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1436,1452,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[816,895,1841,1864]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">kryptos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(open triangle);
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1078,1240,1841,1864]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magdalenae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1078,1094,1841,1864]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1108,1240,1841,1864]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">magdalenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(solid triangle; type locality);
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Risso & Risso" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[928,1100,1873,1896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lombarderoi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[928,944,1873,1896]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[962,1100,1873,1896]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">lombarderoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(open circle, type locality);
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Alonso de Aramburu & Aramburu" baseAuthorityYear="1962" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="109" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1435,1451,1873,1896]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[816,915,1905,1928]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="109">barbatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(solid circle, type locality). Squares and solid triangle may represent more than one record.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[129,771,178,329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,322,178,201]" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">Ecological notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Both specimens were captured by day in shallow waters. Due to its diminished eyes and rough skin somewhat free from underlying muscles, together with its extreme rarity in collections, we speculate that
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anachoretes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">Xyliphius anachoretes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a cryptic fossorial species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="110" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[129,772,370,521]" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,258,370,393]" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[509,747,370,393]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anachoretes">
|
||
<emphasis box="[509,747,370,393]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">Xyliphius anachoretes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is from the Greek
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[297,429,402,425]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aspredinidae" genus="Xyliphius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anachoretes">
|
||
<emphasis box="[297,429,402,425]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">anachoretes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, meaning “one that retired from the world”, hermit, recluse, in allusion to the rarity of the only two specimens known, each one found alone and far apart. An adjective.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |