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<mods:title id="391CB373D3B83965B15E690206C20167">A taxonomic guide to the Echinodermata of the South Atlantic Bight, USA: 1. Sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F08DAF116A711F4FDF80CCB3FCE78FFF">Pawson, David L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E0ADEE4E55A90B791FB80E95F811DC40">King, Rachael A.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="30710A411623FFC6FF2A25C8EB1AD4C0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6208489" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119385759" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6208489" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:30710A411623FFC6FF2A25C8EB1AD4C0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/30710A411623FFC6FF2A25C8EB1AD4C0" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<paragraph id="B867BB571623FFC6FF2A25C8EC38D6F5" blockId="24.[151,556,151,212]" box="[151,556,151,177]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="E32F0C3B1623FFC6FF2A25C8EC38D6F5" bold="true" box="[151,556,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="7FD8C0D41623FFC6FF2A25C8EC38D6F5" ID-CoL="3JWLN" authority="Verrill, 1873" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1873" box="[151,556,151,177]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Sclerodactylidae" genus="Havelockia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="scabra">
<emphasis id="8AAC67451623FFC6FF2A25C8EC38D6F5" bold="true" box="[151,556,151,177]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="8AAC67451623FFC6FF2A25C8EF63D6F5" bold="true" box="[151,375,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Havelockia scabra</emphasis>
(Verrill, 1873)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B867BB571623FFC6FF2A25E5EF13D690" blockId="24.[151,556,151,212]" box="[151,263,186,212]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<figureCitation id="20E3A7D21623FFC6FF2A25E5EF13D690" box="[151,263,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="24.[151,255,1226,1250]" captionTargetBox="[188,1390,693,1198]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[176,1411,679,1215]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 17. Havelockia scabra (Verrill, 1873). A, whole animal; B, tables from body wall; C, D, tables from tube feet." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195151/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figure 17</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F0C2E8DC1623FFC6FF2A245AEDBCD778" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
<paragraph id="B867BB571623FFC6FF2A245AECFED758" blockId="24.[151,936,261,316]" box="[151,746,261,284]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="98C89C791623FFC6FF2A245AECFED758" box="[151,746,261,284]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="7FD8C0D41623FFC6FF2A245AEF20D758" box="[151,308,261,284]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="scabra">
<emphasis id="8AAC67451623FFC6FF2A245AEF20D758" box="[151,308,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Thyone scabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="39799D461623FFC6FEE8245AEC2BD758" author="Deichmann" box="[341,575,261,284]" page="166" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1930">
<bibRefCitation id="DC49C6A61623FFC6FEE8245AEC07D758" author="Deichmann" box="[341,531,261,284]" pageId="24" pageNumber="46" refString="Deichmann, E. (1930) The holothurians of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 71: 43 - 226. Deichmann, E. (1940) Report of the Holothurians, collected by the Harvard-Havana Expeditions 1938 and 1939, with a revision of the Molpadonia of the Atlantic Ocean. Memorias de la Sociedad Cubana de Historia Natural &quot; Felipe Poey &quot;, 14, 183 - 240." type="journal article" year="1930">Deichmann,1930</bibRefCitation>
:166
</treatmentCitation>
, pl.13, figs. 3,4.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B867BB571623FFC6FF2A247AEDBCD778" blockId="24.[151,936,261,316]" box="[151,936,293,316]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="98C89C791623FFC6FF2A247AEDBCD778" box="[151,936,293,316]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="7FD8C0D41623FFC6FF2A247AEF74D778" ID-CoL="3JWLN" box="[151,352,293,316]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Sclerodactylidae" genus="Havelockia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="scabra">
<emphasis id="8AAC67451623FFC6FF2A247AEF74D778" box="[151,352,293,316]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Havelockia scabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="39799D461623FFC6FEC2247AEC40D778" author="Panning" box="[383,596,293,316]" page="466" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1949">
<bibRefCitation id="DC49C6A61623FFC6FEC2247AEC0AD778" author="Panning" box="[383,542,293,316]" pageId="24" pageNumber="47" refString="Panning, A. (1949) Versuch einer Neuordnung der Familie Cucumariidae (Holothurioidea, Dendrochirota). Zoologische Jahrbucher Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 78, 404 - 470." type="journal article" year="1949">Panning, 1949</bibRefCitation>
: 466
</treatmentCitation>
; Pawson, 1977: 12, text-fig. 14.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F0C2E8DC1623FFC6FF2A243AEFCDD73B" box="[151,473,357,383]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B867BB571623FFC6FF2A243AEFCDD73B" blockId="24.[151,1436,357,644]" box="[151,473,357,383]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="8AAC67451623FFC6FF2A243AEF9FD73B" bold="true" box="[151,395,357,383]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Material examined.</emphasis>
None.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F0C2E8DC1623FFC6FF7B24D5ED94D450" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B867BB571623FFC6FF7B24D5ED94D450" blockId="24.[151,1436,357,644]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="8AAC67451623FFC6FF7B24D5EF52D7E0" bold="true" box="[198,326,394,420]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Body strongly curved, reaching
<quantity id="7F2016B21623FFC6FD7324D5ED0CD7E0" box="[718,792,394,420]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
in length. Color whitish, often with a brownish tinge. Feet hair-like, uniformly distributed. Body wall stiff, filled with ossicles in form of irregular tables (up to 130 μm in diameter) with 710 or more holes and a 2-pillared spire ending in indistinct teeth. In introvert tables have larger, more delicate and more circular disk and low spire.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F0C2E8DC1623FFC6FF7B2740EC47D41B" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B867BB571623FFC6FF7B2740ED0BD47E" blockId="24.[151,1436,357,644]" box="[198,799,543,570]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="8AAC67451623FFC6FF7B2740EF73D47D" bold="true" box="[198,359,543,569]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution.</emphasis>
MA to E and W FL, Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="C0CFFBC71623FFC6FD03277FED0FD47E" box="[702,795,544,570]" name="Mexico" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mexico</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B867BB571623FFC6FF7B271AEC47D41B" blockId="24.[151,1436,357,644]" box="[198,595,581,607]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Habitat. Sand/mud. 10
<quantity id="7F2016B21623FFC6FE56271AEC5AD41B" box="[491,590,581,607]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.17" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1.17">1,170 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F0C2E8DC1623FFC6FF7B2735EB1AD4C0" box="[198,1294,618,644]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B867BB571623FFC6FF7B2735EB1AD4C0" blockId="24.[151,1436,357,644]" box="[198,1294,618,644]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="8AAC67451623FFC6FF7B2735EF54D4C0" bold="true" box="[198,320,618,644]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Remarks.</emphasis>
This is presumably a burrowing species. Nothing more is known about its biology.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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