191 lines
20 KiB
XML
191 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="0B7935DE05D1630DEA801B42355B2D40" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.195747" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c371f527-f7c6-456b-ab07-5bef541b10e6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="195747" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460232772886" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Saether, Ole A., Andersen, Trond, Pinho, Luiz C. & Mendes, Humberto F." docDate="2010" docId="03BC87900E13FFCFFF44C1D2CE2B716E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02497p036.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2497" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Polypedilum" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FF85FFE80E1EFFC1FFD3C738CC1E7200" masterDocTitle="The problems with Polypedilum Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae), with the description of Probolum subgen. n." masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1698239121165" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="148306AE123411D23BB986095CD6A938" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0B9902929AD47B95EB8CC2380BDB9CFA">
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<mods:title id="3C583C0F2192066FBF297EB1C4649849">The problems with Polypedilum Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae), with the description of Probolum subgen. n.</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="EADC26B3C19F0BED9C36AD441295C1B5" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="65CF11980AD8C1E45BB17A6196987E38">Saether, Ole A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="96414331EACEEB263EF35137644201AB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E878341CF04F2A4A88A31DEB88DA2EF1">Andersen, Trond</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="A888387AC436501FE7F5E53CEAAC00AB" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="B13BE8C15AEB24FDC151A9772B9F472A">Pinho, Luiz C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="E77F9370AA9BA3D898F4F020CC991D01" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F9F17CF700115FE99F875FAAFFB40D47">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="EEAA5B560669520B87F7466C8CC2F79A">Mendes, Humberto F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="412321FA9430256972CA7628AA240BBB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="F1236567CFF46691ED76ED9E26CD6375">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F42E181A981BB1F20A7D48CA7A1D7BEF">
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<mods:date id="D82F048605168A1FD1EE101A0D163C9C">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="DFC2ACB0F486E43441889F81F3FAEA8E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="1FE1464D41CE60217E0D4E863D4267F2">2497</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="9A7C51EBA83D4A42062C0F134B4D96C3">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="A0C84ED7E9461F5DCFAEDF65075DFDC2">36</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="831BCC3F3C0011201314376E25E44CCA">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="80D8BEDB09399E0C7D2F4C1F21769459" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.195747</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E2F8FA3BD181CE88BCB1A67F09C080CC" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="631E6E6739FD862E09B4FEA8FF04DDBC" type="Zenodo-Dep">195747</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03BC87900E13FFCFFF44C1D2CE2B716E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5030734" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119387536" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5030734" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BC87900E13FFCFFF44C1D2CE2B716E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BC87900E13FFCFFF44C1D2CE2B716E" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<subSubSection id="C30F650D0E13FFCCFF44C1D2CEDE7504" box="[151,704,1770,1796]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAA36860E13FFCCFF44C1D2CEDE7504" blockId="13.[151,704,1770,1796]" box="[151,704,1770,1796]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<heading id="D0E281EA0E13FFCCFF44C1D2CEDE7504" bold="true" box="[151,704,1770,1796]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E13FFCCFF44C1D2CEDE7504" bold="true" box="[151,704,1770,1796]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName id="4C154D050E13FFCCFF44C1D2CD307504" ID-CoL="63MXN" ID-ENA="54968" box="[151,302,1770,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E13FFCCFF44C1D2CD307504" bold="true" box="[151,302,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Polypedilum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="4C154D050E13FFCCFE63C1D2CEDE7504" authority="Kieffer" authorityName="Kieffer" box="[432,704,1770,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Kribionympha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E13FFCCFE63C1D2CE407504" bold="true" box="[432,606,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Kribionympha</emphasis>
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Kieffer
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30F650D0E13FFCCFF44C00ACEFB7549" box="[151,741,1842,1865]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BAA36860E13FFCCFF44C00ACEFB7549" blockId="13.[151,741,1842,1865]" box="[151,741,1842,1865]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0511A80E13FFCCFF44C00ACEFB7549" box="[151,741,1842,1865]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName id="4C154D050E13FFCCFF44C00ACE157549" authority="Kieffer, 1921a: 271" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityPageNumber="271" authorityYear="1921" box="[151,523,1842,1865]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Kribionympha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E13FFCCFF44C00ACD2F7549" box="[151,305,1842,1865]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Kribionympha</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB410970E13FFCCFEE4C00ACE157549" author="Kieffer" box="[311,523,1842,1865]" page="271" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1921">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF844B770E13FFCCFEE4C00ACDC87549" author="Kieffer" box="[311,470,1842,1865]" pageId="13" pageNumber="30" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1921 a) Synopse de la tribu des Chironomariae (Dipteres). Annales de la Societe scientifique Bruxelles, 40, 269 - 277." type="journal article" year="1921" yearSuffix="a">Kieffer, 1921a</bibRefCitation>
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: 271
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; 1921c: 29; 1922: 7.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30F650D0E13FFCCFF44C04ACD35758C" box="[151,299,1906,1932]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BAA36860E13FFCCFF44C04ACD35758C" blockId="13.[151,703,1906,1999]" box="[151,299,1906,1932]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<typeStatus id="54AE88240E13FFCCFF44C04ACCD1758C" box="[151,207,1906,1932]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30F650D0E13FFCFFF44C0ADCE1572B2" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BAA36860E13FFCCFF44C0ADCE6E75CF" blockId="13.[151,703,1906,1999]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0511A80E13FFCCFF44C0ADCE6E75CF" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName id="4C154D050E13FFCCFF44C0ADCEA175AF" authority="Kieffer" authorityName="Kieffer" box="[151,703,1941,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="declivis" subGenus="Kribionympha">
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E13FFCCFF44C0ADCE4E75AE" box="[151,592,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Polypedilum (Kribionympha) declivis</emphasis>
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(Kieffer)
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="4C154D050E13FFCCFF14C080CE7275CF" authority="Kieffer, 1922: 7" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityPageNumber="7" authorityYear="1922" box="[199,620,1976,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Kribionympha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="declivis">
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E13FFCCFF14C080CDA675CF" box="[199,440,1976,1999]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Kribionympha declivis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB410970E13FFCCFE13C080CE7275CF" author="Kieffer" box="[448,620,1976,1999]" page="7" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1922">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF844B770E13FFCCFE13C080CE4F75CF" author="Kieffer" box="[448,593,1976,1999]" pageId="13" pageNumber="30" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1922) Chironomides de l'Afrique equatoriale (2 e partie). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, 91, 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1922">Kieffer, 1922</bibRefCitation>
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: 7
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAA36860E10FFCFFF44C7A0CE1572B2" blockId="14.[151,661,152,247]" box="[151,523,152,178]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Other possibly included species</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30F650D0E10FFCFFF44C785CE0872D7" box="[151,534,189,215]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAA36860E10FFCFFF44C785CE0872D7" blockId="14.[151,661,152,247]" box="[151,534,189,215]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName id="4C154D050E10FFCFFF44C785CE0872D7" authority="Sasa" authorityName="Sasa" box="[151,534,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unigaquartum">
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E10FFCFFF44C785CDC672D6" box="[151,472,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Polypedilum unigaquartum</emphasis>
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Sasa
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30F650D0E10FFCFFF14C7D8CD2473AF" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BAA36860E10FFCFFF14C7D8CE8B72F7" blockId="14.[151,661,152,247]" box="[199,661,224,247]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0511A80E10FFCFFF14C7D8CE8B72F7" box="[199,661,224,247]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName id="4C154D050E10FFCFFF14C7D8CE8F72F7" authority="Sasa, 1985: 41" authorityName="Sasa" authorityPageNumber="41" authorityYear="1985" box="[199,657,224,247]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unigaquartum">
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E10FFCFFF14C7D8CDF572F7" box="[199,491,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Polypedilum unigaquartum</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB410970E10FFCFFE21C7D8CE8F72F7" author="Sasa" box="[498,657,224,247]" page="41" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1985">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF844B770E10FFCFFE21C7D8CE7772F7" author="Sasa" box="[498,617,224,247]" pageId="14" pageNumber="31" refString="Sasa, M. (1985) A report on the chironomids collected in winter from the Sapporo area, Hokkaido (Diptera, Chironomidae). Research Report from the National Institute of Environmental Studies, Japan, 83, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1985">Sasa, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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: 41
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAA36860E10FFCFFF44C61DCD2473AF" blockId="14.[151,1437,293,879]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E10FFCFFF44C61DCDB0733F" bold="true" box="[151,430,293,319]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Diagnostic characters.</emphasis>
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The male imagines can be separated from those of other subgenera by having frontal tubercles, the superior volsella with an inner lobe nearly as long as the curved lobe and a tapering projection carrying an outer seta, the fore tibial scale triangular with short spur and the wing membrane unmarked without setae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30F650D0E10FFCFFF15C682CE2370DA" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BAA36860E10FFCFFF15C682CE2370DA" blockId="14.[151,1437,293,879]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E10FFCFFF15C682CD2173D4" bold="true" box="[198,319,442,468]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Remarks.</emphasis>
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The combination of characters is quite unique within
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<taxonomicName id="4C154D050E10FFCFFC67C682C85673D3" box="[948,1096,442,467]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E10FFCFFC67C682C85673D3" box="[948,1096,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Polypedilum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The superior volsella shows some resemblance with
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<taxonomicName id="4C154D050E10FFCFFE7CC6D8CE5373F9" box="[431,589,480,505]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Uresipedilum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E10FFCFFE7CC6D8CE5373F9" box="[431,589,480,505]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Uresipedilum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and the new subgenus described below, but those subgenera do not have any seta on the projection of superior volsella, a dissimilar inner lobe on the base and no frontal tubercles. There also is resemblance with
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<taxonomicName id="4C154D050E10FFCFFDF3C512CEB97043" box="[544,679,554,579]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tripedilum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E10FFCFFDF3C512CEB97043" box="[544,679,554,579]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Tripedilum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the presence of frontal tubercles and the stout gonostylus. However, there is some doubt whether the
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<typeStatus id="54AE88240E10FFCFFD42C568CEDA706A" box="[657,708,592,618]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">type</typeStatus>
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species as redescribed by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF844B770E10FFCFFC2FC568C8EB706A" author="Freeman" box="[1020,1269,592,618]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" refString="Freeman, P. (1958) A study of the Chironomidae (Diptera) of Africa South of the Sahara. Part IV. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Entomology, 6, 263 - 363." type="journal article" year="1958">Freeman (1958: 289)</bibRefCitation>
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is identical to the species described by Kieffer. The
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<typeStatus id="54AE88240E10FFCFFD88C54DCE90708F" box="[603,654,629,655]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">type</typeStatus>
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material must be considered as lost. However, rather than regard
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<taxonomicName id="4C154D050E10FFCFFF44C5A2CD5E70B3" box="[151,320,666,691]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Kribionympha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E10FFCFFF44C5A2CD5E70B3" box="[151,320,666,691]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Kribionympha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C154D050E10FFCFFEA9C5A2CE3870B3" box="[378,550,666,691]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Kribionympha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="declivis" subGenus="Kribionympha">
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E10FFCFFEA9C5A2CE3870B3" box="[378,550,666,691]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. (K.) declivis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E10FFCFFD9EC5A2CEEE70B3" box="[589,752,666,691]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">nomina dubia</emphasis>
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we here regard the redescription by Freeman as correct in order to retain the subgeneric name.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30F650D0E10FFCFFF17C5DDCE2B716E" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BAA36860E10FFCFFF17C5DDCE2B716E" blockId="14.[151,1437,293,879]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName id="4C154D050E10FFCFFF17C5DDCE8770FF" authority="Sasa, 1985" authorityName="Sasa" authorityYear="1985" box="[196,665,741,767]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unigaquartum">
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E10FFCFFF17C5DDCE1070FE" box="[196,526,741,766]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Polypedilum unigaquartum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF844B770E10FFCFFDC5C5DDCE8770FF" author="Sasa" box="[534,665,741,767]" pageId="14" pageNumber="31" refString="Sasa, M. (1985) A report on the chironomids collected in winter from the Sapporo area, Hokkaido (Diptera, Chironomidae). Research Report from the National Institute of Environmental Studies, Japan, 83, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1985">Sasa, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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has frontal tubercles, the superior volsella projection carries an outer seta, the front tibial scale is triangular with spur and the wings unmarked without setae. However, the general shape of the hypopygium is more like most
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E10FFCFFCF1C408C8147149" box="[802,1034,816,841]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName id="4C154D050E10FFCFFCF1C408CFA07149" ID-CoL="63MXN" box="[802,958,816,841]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Polypedilum</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25257EF0E10FFCFFC14C408C8147149" box="[967,1034,816,841]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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The species can belong here, to
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<taxonomicName id="4C154D050E10FFCFFF44C46DCD08716E" box="[151,278,853,878]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tripedilum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E10FFCFFF44C46DCD08716E" box="[151,278,853,878]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Tripedilum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or to
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<emphasis id="B961EA940E10FFCFFE8FC46DCE2B716E" box="[348,565,853,878]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C154D050E10FFCFFE8FC46DCDEE716E" ID-CoL="63MXN" box="[348,496,853,878]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Polypedilum</taxonomicName>
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|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25257EF0E10FFCFFE2BC46DCE2B716E" box="[504,565,853,878]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |